Ramadan

Planner
 Assalam alaykum!

I pray that this planner can be useful for you to

get the most out of the blessed month of
Ramadan, in shaa Allah!

"The month of Ramadhan [is that] in which was revealed the

Qur'an, a guidance for the people and clear proofs of guidance
and criterion. So whoever sights [the new moon of] the month, let
him fast it; and whoever is ill or on a journey - then an equal
number of other days. Allah intends for you ease and does not
intend for you hardship and [wants] for you to complete the period
and to glorify Allah for that [to] which He has guided you; and
perhaps you will be grateful." -- Surat Al-Baqarah 2:185

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 Index
Page Content Page Content

1 Cover 21 Questions and answers

2 Presentation 22 Questions and answers

3 Index 23 Questions and answers

4 Calendar 24 Zakat

5 Ramadan Tips 25 Eid preparation

6 Ramadan Goals 26 Eid Outfits / Eid Presents

7 Check list 27 Dictionary

8 Quran 28 Dictionary

9 Tracker
59529 Dictionary

10 Week 1 30 Dictionary

11 Week 2 31 Dictionary

12 Week 3 32 Dictionary

13 Week 4 33 Dictionary

14 Meal Planner - Week 1 34 Notes

15 Meal Planner - Week 2 35 Notes

16 Meal Planner - Week 3 36 Notes

17 Meal Planner - Week 4 37 Notes

18 Events 38 Notes

19 Dua’s 39 Notes

20 Dua’s 40 Final

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 Ramadan
1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25

26 27 28 29 30

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 Ramadan tips
1 Purify your intentions in all actions.

2 Start your day with getting the main tasks done.

3 Take 30 minute naps.

4 Pray with your family, in jamaat, if possible.

5 Calculate how much time you need in a day for worship.

6 Make lots of dua’ and dhikr. Make list of what to ask in your dua’.

7 Never miss suhoor and have a healthy nutritious meal.

8 Replace 1 bad deed with 1 good deed.

9 Be grateful.

10 Be in good company, surrounded by people with good behaviour.

11 Give charity.
12 Wake up at least 45 minutes before fajr.
13 Break the fast with dates.
14 Be sincere, friendly and smile to others.
15 After breaking the fast, pray maghreb before starting the meal.
16 Eat healthy and moderate. Avoid salty and fried food.
17 Plan your day the night before.
18 Shop early for Ramadan.
19 Always carry a bottle of water with you around the time of iftar.
20 Read a chapter of quran every day.
21 Ensure you drink plenty of water between the time of iftar and suhoor.
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Ramadan
Goals

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 Check List
To do To do

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 Quran
Juz Surah Read Study Memorise
1 Al Fatihah 1 - Al Baqarah 141
2 Al Baqarah 142 - Al Baqarah 252
3 Al Baqarah 253 - Al Imran 92
4 Al Imran 93 - An Nisaa 23
5 An Nisaa 24 - An Nisaa 147
6 An Nisaa 148 - Al Maídah 81
7 Al Maídah 82 - Al An’am 110
8 Al An’am 111 - Al A’raf 87
9 Al A’raf 88 - Al Anfal 40
10 Al Anfal 41 - At Tauba 92
11 At Tauba 93 - Hud 5
12 Hud 6 - Yusuf 52
13 Yusuf 53 - Ibrahim 52
14 Al Hijr 1 - An Nahl 128
15 Bani Isra’il 1 - Al Kahf 74
16 Al Kahf 75 - Ta Ha 135
17 Al Ambiyaa 1 - Al Hajj 78
18 Al Mu’minoon 1 - Al Furqan 20
19 Al Furqan 21 - An Naml 55
20 An Naml 56 - Al Ankabut 45
21 Al Ankabut 46 - Al Azhab 30
22 Al Azhab 31 - Ya Sin 27
23 Ya Sin 28 - Az Zumar 31
24 Az Zumar 32 - Fussilat 46
25 Fussilat 47 - Al Jathiya 37
26 Al Ahqaf 1 - Adh Dhariyat 30
27 Adh Dhariyat 31 - Al Hadid 29
28 Al Mujadilah 1 - At Tahrim 12
29 Al Mulk 1 - Al Mursalaat 50
30 An Nabaa 1 - An Naas 6

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 Tracker
Task 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Worship
Prayed my 5 daily
Salat

Prayed Tahajjud

Made morning
Dhikr

Prayed Taraweeh

Prayed Nafl Salaat

Quran

Read Quran

Reflection

Memorisation

Charity

Paid Zakat

Paid Sadaqah

My Actions

Did some exercise

Made 1 person
smile
Reflected upon
myself

Increased knoledge

Did something nice

for my parents

Read Surah Mulk

before sleep
Went to sleep in
state of Wudhu

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 Week 1
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3

Day 4 Day 5 Day 6

Day 7 NEXT WEEK...

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 Week 2
Day 8 Day 9 Day 10

Day 11 Day 12 Day 13

Day 14 NEXT WEEK...

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 Week 3
Day 15 Day 16 Day 17

Day 18 Day 19 Day 20

Day 21 NEXT WEEK...

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 Week 4
Day 22 Day 23 Day 24

Day 25 Day 26 Day 27

Day 28 Day 29 Day 30

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Meal Planner - Week 1
Day 1 Shopping List

Day 2

Day 3

Day 4

Day 5

Day 6 Iftar Guests

Day 7

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Meal Planner - Week 2
Day 8 Shopping List

Day 9

Day 10

Day 11

Day 12

Day 13 Iftar Guests

Day 14

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Meal Planner - Week 3
Day 15 Shopping List

Day 16

Day 17

Day 18

Day 19

Day 20 Iftar Guests

Day 21

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Meal Planner - Week 4
Day 22 Shopping List

Day 23

Day 24

Day 25

Day 26

Day 27 Day 29

Day 28 Day 30

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 Events
Event: Event:
Location: Location:
Date: Date:
Time: Time:

Event: Event:
Location: Location:
Date: Date:
Time: Time:

Event: Event:
Location: Location:
Date: Date:
Time: Time:

Event: Event:
Location: Location:
Date: Date:
Time: Time:

Event: Event:
Location: Location:
Date: Date:
Time: Time:

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 Dua’s
Dua (Prayer) at the Beginning of the Fast 1
َ ‫ت ِم ْن‬
َ ‫ش ْه ِر َر َم‬
‫ضا َن‬ ُ ْ‫ص ْوم ِ َغ ٍد نَّ َوي‬
َ ‫َو ِب‬
Wa biSawmi ghadinn nawaiytu min shahri ramaDan
I intend to keep the fast for tomorrow in the month of Ramadan.

Dua (Prayer) at the Beginning of the Fast 2

َ‫السـنـ َِة لِلـ ِّه تـَ َعالى‬
َّ ‫َضا َن هـ َِذ ِه‬ ِ ‫ص ْو َم غـ ٍَد َعـ ْن ا َ َد‬
ِ ‫اء فـ َْر‬
َ ‫ض شـَ ْه ِر َرمـ‬ َ ‫ت‬
ُ ‫نـَ َو ْي‬
Nawaytu Sawma ghadin ‘anayda farDi shahri ramaDana hadhihis-
sanati lillahi ta’ala
I intend to do obligatory fast tomorrow in the month of
Ramadan this year because of Allah.

Dua (Prayer) at the End of the Fast

ُ ‫لت َو َعلى ِرز ِْق َك اَفْطَ ْر‬
‫ت‬ ُ ْ ‫ت َو ِب َك امن‬
ُ ‫ت َو َعليْ َك تَ َو ّك‬ ُ ‫ال َّل ُه َّم ِانِّى َل َك‬
ُ ‫ص ْم‬
Allahumma inna laka Sumtu wa bika aamantu wa ‘alayka tawakkaltu
wa ‘ala rizqika afTartu
O Allah! I fasted for You and I believe in You and I put my trust in
You and I break my fast with Your sustenance.

Dua (Prayer) for during the last 10 days of Ramadan

ُ ‫ب ا ْل َعفْ َو فَا ْع‬
‫ف َعنِّي‬ ِ ُ‫ال َّل ُه َّم إِنَّ َك َعفُ ٌو ت‬
ُّ ‫ح‬
Allahumma innaka ‘afuwwun, tuhibbul-‘afwa, fa’fu ‘anni
O Allah, You are Most Forgiving, and You love forgiveness; so
forgive me.

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 Dua’s
Dua (Prayer) when breaking the fast in someone’s home
‫ت َع َل ْي ُك ُم ْاملَال َِئ َك ُة‬
ْ ‫ص َّل‬
َ ‫ َو‬،‫ار‬ ِ ‫الص‬
َ ‫ َوأ َ َك َل طَ َعا َم ُك ُم‬،َ‫ائ ُمون‬
ُ ‫األ ْب َر‬ َّ ‫أَفْطَ َر ِعن ْ َد ُك ْم‬
'Aftara 'indakumus-saa'imoona, wa 'akala ta'aamakumul-'abraaru ,
wa sallat 'alaykumul-malaa'ikatu.
With you, those who are fasting have broken their fast, you have
fed those who are righteous, and the angels recite their prayers
upon you.

Dua (Prayer) upon sighting the crescent moon

‫ َوالت َّ ْو ِفي ِق ِملَا‬،ِ ‫س َالم‬ ِ ‫الس َال َم ِة َو‬
ْ ‫اإل‬ َّ ‫ َو‬،‫ان‬ ِ ‫يم‬ ِ ‫األ ْم ِن َو‬
َ ‫اإل‬ َ ‫ ال َّل ُه َّم أ َ ِه َّل ُه َع َل ْينَا ِب‬،‫اهللَُّ أ َ ْكبَ ُر‬
َُّ‫ َر ُّبنَا َو َر ُّب َك اهلل‬،‫ضى‬ َ ‫ب َر َّبنَا َوتَ ْر‬
ُّ ‫ح‬ِ ُ‫ت‬
Allaahu 'Akbar, Allaahumma 'ahillahu 'alayna bil'amni wal'eemaani,
wassalaamati wal-'Islaami, wattawfeeqi limaa tuhibbu Rabbanaa wa
tardhaa, Rabbunaa wa Rabbukallaahu.
Allah is the Most Great. O Allah, bring us the new moon with
security and Faith, with peace and in Islam, and in harmony with
what our Lord loves and what pleases Him. Our Lord and your
Lord is Allah.

Dua (Prayer) when insulted while fasting

ِ ‫ص‬
‫ائ ٌم‬ ِ ‫ص‬
َ ‫ إِنِّي‬،‫ائ ٌم‬ َ ‫إِنِّي‬
'Inneesaa'imun, 'innee saa'imun.
I am fasting. I am fasting.

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 Questions and answers
1. What is the purpose of fasting?
Fasting is an exercise in self-control. Refraining from food, drink and intercourse are difficult because these
are among the strongest three desires that humans have. By learning to go without these three human
needs for a period of time, Muslims learn self-control so that they can apply this to other aspects of their
life. For example, a person who went sixteen hours without water can more easily resist the temptation to
drink alcohol or do some other forbidden act. This instills the quality of being conscious of God, which is
ultimately the purpose of fasting.

2. What is special about Ramadan? Why fast in this month?

Ramadan is the month in which the Qur’an was first revealed. Allah decided that this month should be
singled out as being special in order to commemorate the Qur’an.

3. When should my children start fasting?

The Prophet Muhammad taught that children should begin praying at the age of seven. This means that
they should learn what prayer is and try to perform it at least sometimes. Then he clarified that they must
pray regularly by the age of ten and should be disciplined for not doing so. That gives them three years to
learn and understand what they are doing and get used to it. The same rule applies for fasting. Once
children reach the age of seven, they should be taught how to fast and encouraged to do so, at least
sometimes. By the age of ten, children should be encouraged by their parents to fast the entire month, or
as much as they are able to.

4. How sick do you have to be to skip fasting?

Someone suffering from an illness where fasting will probably either cause harm to their body, increase
their illness, or delay their recovery is excused from fasting. The severity of their illness can be determined
by consulting a medical professional. People with a minor cough or slight fever should still fast, because
that will not usually cause much harm. Remember that fasting, even when healthy, causes some discomfort,
so be careful when deciding whether you are too sick to fast or not.

5. Should pregnant women fast?

There are many pregnant women who fast and it neither harms them nor their child. However, this
depends on the health and stature of the woman, as well as the season and her lifestyle. Every case is
different. It is best to consult a medical professional who is both well versed in pregnancy as well as
nutrition to see if there is a real threat to either the mother or child due to fasting. If there is, the pregnant
woman should not fast, and make up the days she missed later on.

6. Should breastfeeding women fast?

There are many women who breastfeed their children and continue fasting. It neither harms them nor their
milk supply. However, this depends on the health and stature of the woman, as well as the season and her
lifestyle. Every case is different. It’s best to consult a medical professional who is both well versed in
breastfeeding as well as nutrition to see if there is a real threat to either the mother or the production of
milk due to fasting. If there is, the nursing mother does not need to fast, but will have to make up the days
she missed later on.

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 Questions and answers
7. What if a woman has successive pregnancies and is unable to fast for a few years?
This situation might make a woman miss several Ramadans and have to make up fasting for a few years
past. Usually, when a person misses a fast in Ramadan, they should make it up before the next Ramadan
comes in. In the case where someone has missed more than one Ramadan, they have more leniency in
spreading these makeup fasts over a longer period of time. It is recommend for women to try making up
their fasts in the winter time when days are shorter and spreading them out by fasting one or two days a
week, if it is difficult for them due to their circumstances.

8. What if someone has a chronic illness or is really old?

People who suffer from a chronic illness or are very old such that fasting will cause them harm do not have
to fast. However, since this situation will persist they must feed a poor person, two average meals, for
every day of fasting they miss. In that way, they have earned the reward of fasting despite their inability.

9. Can I still fast when traveling?

A person who is traveling is excused from fasting due to the difficulties and inconveniences associated with
a journey. However, if there will be little difficulty, then it is better to fast. The fasts that are missed must be
made up after returning from the journey.

10. What if two different masjids in my area are starting/ending Ramadan on different days?
There is a difference of opinion among Muslim scholars on how to determine the start/end of Ramadan. It
is best to follow the masjid that you trust the most concerning their Islamic knowledge. However, if this will
cause a division within your family or will result in other difficult circumstances, it is permissible to take the
opinion of the other masjid and follow their timing, even if you feel they are less qualified in Islamic
knowledge.

11. Different masjids have different timetables for when fasting beings. Why is that?
The timings for Fajr prayer [which is when fasting begins] are determined by true dawn, which is when a
clear thread of light is seen on the horizon. However, given environmental factors such as mountains, light
pollution, elevation, etc. people, even in the same city, will not be able to observe dawn at exactly the
same time, depending on their point of observation. Therefore scientific calculations are used to
approximate the time of dawn. Since these calculations cannot predictably determine the true time of
dawn, there will be different opinions on how many degrees the sun needs to be below the horizon before
dawn should be considered to have occurred.

12. Does vomiting break my fast?

Vomiting a large amount, intentionally, when it comes out with force and cannot be kept in, does break the
fast. This is usually a rare scenario, because that is rarely done intentionally. However, unintentionally
vomiting does not break the fast.

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 Questions and answers
13. Is it ok to use eye/ear/nose drops or enemas?
It is permissible to use eye/ear/nose drops because the liquid does not normally reach the stomach or
nourish the body.[1] Therefore, it is not analogous to food or drink. However, when using nose drops it is
important to not swallow any of the fluid if it goes down and reaches the mouth. Using an enema to empty
the bowels or administer medicine into the bloodstream does not break the fast. However, if the enema is
used for hydration or nourishment and it reaches the stomach, then it does break the fast.

14. Does a medical injection break the fast?

Normally, a medical injection does not break the fast since it neither nourishes nor does it reach the
stomach. However, injecting glucose or some other nourishing substance does break the fast.[2]

15. Can I brush my teeth with toothpaste while fasting?

It is permissible to brush your teeth while fasting, and may even be encouraged to do so. Using toothpaste
does not break the fast, as long as you are very careful not to swallow any of it. However, it is better to not
use toothpaste, unless necessary, because it does leave a taste in your mouth. It would be ideal to use
toothpaste right before starting your fast so that you can start your day with clean teeth.

16. Can I use mouthwash?

It is not recommended to use mouthwash while fasting because it does leave a taste in your mouth.
However, if it is necessary to remove bad breath that might affect people you are near, it will not break the
fast as long as you are careful not to swallow any [e.g. through gargling].

17. What if I swallow small bits of food accidentally that were stuck in my teeth?
Swallowing food accidentally does not break the fast, even if it is a large amount. Continue fasting as
usual.

18. Can I give blood while fasting?

There is some debate on this between various Muslim scholars, but the majority agree that it’s permissible.
The Hanabli school of thought believes it is not.

19. Taking a dip in a swimming pool or a shower breaks the fast?

Swimming doesn’t break a person’s fast but if water makes its way through the mouth into the throat or
inside the nose, which in many cases is believed to reach the abdomen, then it can.

20. Insulin injections for diabetic people

“Insulin injections do not break the fast, but people are advised to take doses to bring back the body
sugar to the normal range. Taking too much can make the person hungry and may lead to breaking a fast.”
“If a person suffers from any type of illness that requires immediate medication, then that person is
excused from fasting and must make it up. Fasting in this case can deteriorate their health and delay their
recovery, this is why it is acceptable to not fast. However, a person suffering from a headache or any other
illness that is tolerable can delay consuming their medication until Isha, Maghrib, or suhour. If the pain
becomes intolerable, they do not have to fast.”
The elderly and permanently ill people who require continuous medication are excused from fasting.

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 Zakat
‘You shall observe the Salah and give the obligatory charity (Zakat), and bow down with
those who bow down.’ (Qur’an 2:43)

Zakat is the third pillar of Islam. It is an obligatory act of charity amounting to 2.5% of a
Muslim’s annual savings. Zakat is intended to purify our wealth, not only physically, but also
spiritually. It purifies our heart against selfishness as well as ensuring that society’s poorest are
protected against hunger and destitution.
Who has to pay Zakat?
You must pay Zakat if, firstly, you are an adult Muslim of sound mind, and secondly, you have
possessed the minimum amount of wealth (known as Nisab) for one lunar year.
Nisab must be maintained for one lunar year for Zakat to be required and must be paid as soon
as it is due. Your Zakat year therefore starts on the date your wealth first equalled or exceeded
the Nisab and should be calculated on that date for each subsequent year.
How much Zakat do I need to pay?
Our Prophet Muhammed (saw) has set Nisab at the rate equivalent to 87.5 grams of gold or
612.4 grams of silver. Today, this is usually the equivalent value in your local currency. In the
Hanafi madhab, the value of silver is used to determine the Nisab eligibility to pay Zakat. In other
madhabs, the value of gold is used. The value of gold and silver changes daily, so your Zakat
payment will vary a little each year.

Wealth Value
Jewellery
Gold
Silver
Cash Amounts
In hand
Bank deposits
Loans (given to others/ recoverable)
Business investments
Value of goods (stocked for any reason)
Liabilities
Loan / credits (to be paid)
Tax payments / utility bill payments
Total:

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 Eid preparation
Breakfast Shopping List

Meal

Dessert

Guests

Sweets

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 Eid Outfits
Name Outfit Budget Final Price

Eid Presents
Name Present Budget Final Price

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 Dictionary of Islamic words and expressions
A
ʾAdhān (‫)أذان‬: call to salat (prayer), sometimes alternatively spelled and pronounced Azan, Athan and Adhan.
AH (‫)هجرية‬: Anno Hegirae The Islamic calendar starts counting years starting from the time when Muhammad had to leave Mecca and go to
Medina, an event known as the Hijra. The fi rst day of the fi rst Islamic year is 1 Muḥarram 1 (AH) and corresponds to 16 July 622 (CE).
ʾAhl al-Bayt (‫) أهل البيت‬: members of Muhammad's Household.
ʾAhl al-Kitāb (‫) أهل الكتاب‬: "People of the Book", or followers of pre-Islamic monotheistic religions with some form of scripture believed to be of
divine origin which were mentioned in Quran: Jews, Christians.
ʾĀkhirah (‫)اآلخرة‬: hereafter or eternal life.
ʿĀlamīn (‫)عاملني‬: Literally "worlds", humankind, jinn, angels and all that exists.
Al Hijr (Kaaba) (‫)الكعبة‬: A semi-circular wall north-west of Kaaba.
ʿalayhi -s-salām (‫)عليه السالم‬: "Peace be upon him" This expression normally follows after naming a prophet (other than Muhammad), or one of
the noble Angels (i.e. Jibreel (Gabriel), Meekaal (Michael), etc.)
al-ḥamdu li-llāh (‫)الحمد هلل‬: "Praise be to God!" Qur'anic exclamation and also same meaning as hallelujah.
Allāh (‫)اهلل‬: The name of God according to Islam. Also used as the Arabic word for God in general.
Allāhumma (َّ‫)ال َّل ُهم‬: "O Allah, my Lord" - used in a phrase or salutation, invocations or supplications (dua).
Allāhu ʾAkbar (‫)اهلل أكبر‬: "Allah is [the] greatest". Greater than anything or anyone, imaginable or unimaginable.
ʿĀlim (‫)عالِم‬: lit. One who knows. A scholar (in any fi eld of knowledge) ; a jurist or scientist (who knows science) or a theologian (who knows
religion); similar to Japanese sensei, "teacher".
ʾĀmīn (‫)آمني‬: Amen.
ʾĀminah (‫)آمنة‬: Muhammad's mother. Aminah fell sick and died in Abwa, near Madina (then Yathrib) when Muhammad was six years old.
ʿAqīdah (‫)عقيدة‬: Article of faith, tenet, creed, or dogma.
ʿAqīqah (‫)عقيقة‬: Islamic practice of shaving the head of the newborn male and contributing the weight in silver for charity as well as 2 lambs.
ʾArkān singular rukn (‫أركان‬/‫)ركن‬: The fi ve rukn "pillars" of Islam. (See rukn)
A.S. (ʿAlayhi s-salām) (‫)عليه السالم‬: This acronym evokes a blessing and is appended to the names of the prophets who came before
Muhammad. It will also be applied to the mothers of those prophets. When following a woman's name, the feminine form is ʿAlayha s-salām.
ʾAsmāʾ Allāh al-Ḥusnā (‫)أسماء اهلل الحسنى‬: List of God's 99 names. According to a hadith, the one who enumerates them all will enter
Paradise.
ʿAṣr (‫)العصر‬: The third salat prayer. The time of the day before sunset and after noon. Also means "era".
Aṣ-Ṣirāṭ (‫)الصراط‬: The bridge by crossing which it is determined (judged) whether a person would go to heaven or hell. How a person crosses
the Sirat depends on what they have done in their life and what they have believed in.
ʿĀshūrāʾ (‫)عاشوراء‬: Tenth day of the month of Muharram. It is the day God saved Moses and the children of Israel from the Pharaoh. The
grandson of Muhammad, Imam Hussayn sacrifi ced his life along with 72 of his companions on the sand dunes of Karbala. Sunni Scholars
recommended to fast during this day. To the Shias, it is also a day on which they mourn the death of the third Shia Imam, Husayn ibn Ali, along with
his family and companions, who were killed in the famous battle in Karbala. They cry and weep and organize lamentating programmes where they
not only learn how to live a proper Islamic life and improve their Spiritual Self but also cry at the end of the ritual to show their true love and faith
towards imam Hussayn.
As-Salāmu ʿAlaykum (‫)السالم عليكم‬: The Islamic greeting; literally "Peace be upon you"; In addition, wa-Raḥmatullāhi wa-Barakātuhu (‫ورحمة‬
‫ )اهلل وبركاته‬means "and the Mercy of God and His blessing". The response to this greeting is wa-ʿAlaykum as-Salām wa-Raḥmatullāhi wa-Barakātuhu
(‫ )وعليكم السالم ورحمة اهلل وبركاته‬--"And on you be the Peace and Mercy of God and His Blessing".
ʾAstaghfir allāh (‫)أستغفر اهلل‬: "I seek forgiveness from God."
Aʿudhu billah (‫ أعوذ باهلل‬ʾAʿūdhu billāh): "I seek refuge in God". This is a paraphrase on the beginnings of the two last suras in the Qur'an.
ʿAwrah (‫)عورة‬: The parts of the body, male or female, must be covered in public but not between spouses, such as, body parts must be concealed
of a woman before non-related men.(Non-related men means those she can marry lawfully).
ʾĀyah (‫)آية‬, plural ʾāyāt (‫)آيات‬: A sign. More specifi cally, a verse in the Qur'an.
Āyatullāh (‫آية اهلل‬, also spelled Ayatollah): Sign of God Title given to highly ranked religious scholars in Sh'ia sect.

@amirah_siddique
 Dictionary of Islamic words and expressions
B
Baitullāh (‫ بيت اهلل‬baytu -llāh): A mosque, literally "house of God". Specifi cally means the Ka'aba at Makkah (Mecca).
Barakah (‫)بركة‬: a form of blessing, thought derive from God and passed on others via prophets and angels.
Bārak Allāhu Fīkum (‫)بارك اهلل فيكم‬: may Allah bless you; response to expression of thanks.
B.B.H.N. (‫)عليه الصالة والسالم‬: Blessed be His Name – acronym for S.A.W.S. See P.B.U.H (Peace Be Upon Him).
Bidʿah (‫)بدعة‬: Innovation in religion, i.e. inventing new methods of worship. Bad Bidʿahs in Islam are considered a deviation and a serious sin by
many Muslims.
Bismi-llāhi r-raḥmāni r-raḥīmi (‫)بسم اهلل الرحمن الرحيم‬: "In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful".
C
Caliph (‫خليفة‬ َ ) khalīfah: literally successor; refers to the successor of Muhammad, the ruler of an Islamic theocracy.
D
Dajjāl (‫)دجّ ال‬: The Islamic equivalent of the Antichrist; means "liar" or "deceiver".
Daʿwah (‫)الدعوة‬: the call to Islam, proselytizing.
Dhikr (‫)ذكر‬: A devotional practice whereby the name of God is repeated in a rhythmical manner. Remembrance of God; spiritual exercise; Muslims
believe that the primary function of prophets is to remind people of God.
Dhuhr (‫( )ظهر‬ẓuhr): the second obligatory daily prayer.
Dīn (‫)الدين‬: (literally 'religion') the way of life based on Islamic revelation; the sum total of a Muslim's faith and practice. Dīn is often used to mean
the faith and religion of Islam.
Duʿāʾ (‫)دعاء‬: personal prayer, supplication
Dunya (‫)دنيا‬: The physical Universe, as opposed to the Hereafter; sometimes spelled Dunia.
E
Eid al-Fitr (‫)عيد الفطر‬: Marks the end of Ramadan, the Islamic holy month of fasting (sawm).
F
fājir (‫)فجر‬: dawn, early morning, and the morning prayer. The time of the day when there is light in the horizon before sunrise.
Farḍ (‫)فرض‬, plural furūḍ (‫)فروض‬: a religious duty, or an obligatory action: praying 5 times a day is fard Neglecting a fard will result in a
punishment in the hereafter.
Fātiḥa (‫)الفاتحة‬: the short, opening sura of the Qur'an, which begins "In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Praise be to God, the
Lord of the Worlds..." These words hold an important place in Muslim liturgies and forms the core of the salat.
Fatwā (‫)فتوى‬: a non-binding legal opinion of a scholar (alim). However, binding on him for those who follow his taqlid
Fī ʾAmān allāh (‫)في أمان اهلل‬: "In the protection of God". Said when a person departs.
Fiqh (‫)فقه‬: jurisprudence built around the shariah by custom (al-urf). Literally means "deep understanding", refers to understanding the Islamic
laws.
Fī sabīl allāh (‫)في سبيل اهلل‬: for the sake of Allah; common Islamic expression for performing acts such as charity or Jihad and for
'qatlu' (fi ghting in mortal combat for the sake of Allah)
Fitna (pl. fitan) (‫)فتنة‬: trial or tribulation; also refers to any period of disorder, such as a civil war, or the period of time before the end of the world
or any civil strife.
Fiṭrah (‫)فطرة‬: innate disposition towards virtue, knowledge, and beauty. Muslims believe every child is born with fi trah.
G
Ghusl (‫)غسل‬: full ablution of the whole body (see wudu). Ghusl janaba is the mandatory shower after having sexual discharge.
H
Ḥadīth (‫ حديث‬ḥadīth) plural ahādīth: literally "speech"; recorded saying or tradition of Muhammad validated by isnad; with sira these
comprise the sunnah and reveal shariah
Ḥāfiẓ (‫)حافظ‬: someone who knows the Qur'an by heart. Literal translation = memorizer or Protector.
Ḥājj (ّ‫ )حاج‬plural Ḥujjāj (‫ )حجّ اج‬and Ḥajīj (‫)حجيج‬: Pilgrim, one who has made the Hajj.
Ḥajj (ّ‫ )حج‬and Ḥijjah (plurals Ḥijjāt (‫ )حجّ ات‬and Ḥijaj (‫))حجج‬: pilgrimage to Mecca. Sunnis regard this as the fi fth Pillar of Islam.

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 Dictionary of Islamic words and expressions
Ḥalāl (‫)حالل‬: lawful, permitted, good, benefi cial, praiseworthy, honourable.
Ḥarām (‫)حرام‬: sinful
Ḥaram (‫)حرم‬: sanctuary.
Ḥasan (‫)حسن‬: Good, beautiful, admirable. Also a categorization of a hadith's authenticity as "acceptable".
Hidāyah (‫)هداية‬: guidance from God.
Ḥijāb (‫)حجاب‬: literally "cover". It describes the covering of the body for the purposes of modesty and dignity; broadly, a prescribed system of
attitudes and behaviour regarding modesty and dignity.
Hijra (‫)الهجرة‬: Muhammad and his followers' emigration from Mecca to Medina. Literally, "migration". This holiday marks the beginning of the
Muslim New Year on the fi rst day of the month of Muharram.
Hilāl (‫)هالل‬: Crescent moon.
Ḥizb (‫)حزب‬: One half of a juz', or roughly 1/60th of the Qur'an.
I
ʿIbādah (‫)عبادة‬: submission, worship, but not limited to ritual: all expressions of servitude to Allah, including the pursuit of knowledge, living a
pious life, helping, charity, and humility, can be considered ibadah.
ʾIblīs (‫)إبليس‬: Devil banished to Hell for his arrogance and disobedience; aka Satan.
ʿId (‫)عيد‬: festival or celebration. Alternatively transliterated Eid.
ʿId ul-Adha (‫)عيد األضحى‬: "the Festival of Sacrifi ce." The four-day celebration starting on the tenth day of Dhul-Hijja.
ʿId ul-Fitr (‫)عيد الفطر‬: "the Festival of Fitr (Breaking the fast)." A religious festival that marks the end of the fast of Ramadan.
ʾIfṭār (‫)إفطار‬: a meal eaten by Muslims breaking their fast after sunset during the month of Ramadan.
ʾIḥrām (‫)إحرام‬: state of consecration for hajj. Includes dress and or prayer.
ʾIlāh (‫)إله‬: deity, a god; including gods worshiped by polytheists.
ʾImām (‫)إمام‬: literally, leader; e.g. a man who leads a community or leads the prayer; the Shi'a sect use the term only as a title for one of the twelve
Allah-appointed successors of Muhammad.
ʾImān (‫)إيمان‬: personal faith
ʾInna lilāhi wa ʾinna ʾilaihi rājiʿūn (‫ن‬ ِ ‫)إِنَّا هللِِّ َو إِنَّـا إِ َلي ِْه َر‬: To Allah we belong and to Him is our return – said to mourners
َ ‫اجعو‬
ʾIn shāʾa -llāh (‫)إن شاء اهلل‬: "If God wills"; Inshallah is "resigned, accepting, neutral, passive. It is neither optimistic nor pessimistic."
ʾIqāmah (‫)إقامة‬: the second call to prayer. Similar to the azhan.
ʿĪsā (‫)عيسى‬: Jesus – 'Isa ibn Maryam (English: Jesus son of Mary), (a matronymic since he had no biological father). The Qur'an asserts that Allah
has no sons and therefore, 'Isa is not the son of Allah. Muslims honor 'Isa as a nabi and rasul.
ʿIshā' (‫)عشاء‬: night; the fi fth salat prayer
ʾIslām (‫ )اإلسالم‬: "submission to God". The Arabic root word for Islam means submission, obedience, peace, and purity.
ʾIsrāʾ (‫)اإلسراء‬: the night journey during which Muhammad (‫)محمد‬is ّ said to have visited Heaven.
ʾIstighfār (‫)استغفار‬: requesting forgiveness
ʾIʿtikāf (‫)إعتكاف‬: seclusion in the masjid for the purpose of worship usually performed during the last 10 days of Ramadan.
Ittaqullah (‫)اتقوا اهلل‬: command to fear God or to be pious to Allah.
J
Jahannam (‫)جهنم‬: the Hell-fi re; Hell
Jāhilīyyah (‫)الجاهليّة‬: the time of ignorance before Islam was realized. Describes polytheistic religions.
Jāmiʿah (‫)جامعة‬: "gathering"; i.e. a university, a mosque, or more generally, a community or association.
Janābah (‫)جنابة‬: A state of spiritual impurity that occur due to sexual intercourse or ejaculation and necessitates major ritual ablution (ghusl).
Janāzah (‫)جنازة‬: Funeral. Ṣalāt al-Janāzah is a funeral prayer.
Jannah (‫)جنة‬: Paradise, Heaven, the Garden
Jazāka-llāhu khayran (‫)جزاك اهللُ خي ًرا‬: "May God reward you with good." Islamic expression of gratitude.
Jihād (‫)جهاد‬: struggle. Any earnest striving in the way of God, involving personal, physical, for righteousness and against wrongdoing;
Jilbāb (‫)جلباب‬: (pl. jalabib) a long, fl owing, garment worn by some as a more conservative means of fulfi lment of sartorial hijab.

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 Dictionary of Islamic words and expressions
Jinn (‫)ج ّن‬: Term for invisible beings, considered to roam the earth.
Jumuʿah (‫)جمعة‬: Friday prayer.
Juzʾ (‫)جزء‬: one of thirty parts of the Qur'an.
K
Kaʿbah (‫)الكعبة‬: cube-house; the cube-shaped building, i.e., in Mecca toward which Muslims pray.
Kāfir (‫ كافر‬kāfir sing.; ‫ كفّار‬kuffār pl.): from the word kafara, "to hide." Those who deliberately hide the truth; non-Muslims in non-Islamic
countries or states, unbelievers, truth-concealers; one who is ungrateful. Plural: Kāfi rūn.
Khair or Khayr (‫)خير‬: Every kind of good, goodness.
Khalīfah (‫)خليفة‬: Caliph, more generally, one performing the duties of khilafa.
Khatīb (‫)خطيب‬: the speaker at the Friday Muslim prayer, or Jumu'ah prayer.
Khimār (‫( )خمار‬pl. khumur (‫خمُ ر‬ ُ ) or ʾakhmirah (‫خ ِمرة‬ ْ ‫))أ‬: headcovering (Q. 24:31).
Khuṭbah (‫)خطبة‬: the sermon at Jumu'ah prayer.
Kitāb (‫)كتاب‬: book; The Qurʾān is often referred to as "Al-Kitāb" (The Book).
Kufr (‫)كفر‬: Unbelief, infi delity, blasphemy; also hubris. See Kafi r and Kuffar
Kun (‫)كن‬: God's command to the universe, 'Be!' is suffi cient to create it.
L
Lā ilāha illā-llāh (‫)ال إِ ٰل َه إِ َّالاهلل‬:
َ "There is no god but God." The most important expression in Islam. It is part of the fi rst pillar of Islam. According to
Islam, this is the message of all the Prophets, such as Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Muhammad.
Labbayka -llāhumma (‫ك ال ّلهُم‬ َ ‫)لبّي‬: God, I obey you (said during hajj)
Laylat al-Qadr (‫)ليلة القدر‬: the Night of Power, towards the end of Ramadan, when Muhammad received the fi rst revelation of the Qur'an.
M
Madrasah (‫)مدرسة‬: school, university
Maghrib (‫)مغرب‬: the fourth daily salat prayer
Mahdi (‫)مهدي‬: "a guide". More specifi cally al-Mahdi (the guide) is a fi gure who will appear with Prophet Jesus before the end of time, when God
allows it, to bring world peace, order and justice, after it has been overcome with injustice and aggression.
Maḥram (‫)محرم‬: a relative of the opposite gender usually described as being "within the forbidden limits"; a better description is "within the
protected limits". means relatives who one can appear before without observing hijab and who one cannot marry.
Makrūh (‫)مكروه‬: Means "detested", though not haraam (forbidden); something that is disliked or offensive. If a person commits the Makruh, he
does not accumulate ithim but avoiding the Makhruh is rewarded with thawab.
Malāʾikah (‫)مالئكة‬: angels (Sing. Malak). Belief in angels is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and requiered for Muslims to believe in.
Mā shāʾa -llāh (‫)ما شاء اهلل‬: Allah has willed it
Masīḥ (‫)مسيح‬: the (Biblical) Messiah, Jesus Christ
Masjid (‫ )مسجد‬pl. masājid, ‫ مساجد‬: place of prayer; mosque
Masjid al-Ḥarām (‫)املسجد الحرام‬: the mosque surrounding the Kaʿbah in Mecca.
Mawālī or mawālā (‫)موالي‬: Non-Arab Muslims
Mawlānā (‫)موالنا‬: an Arabic word literally meaning "our lord" or "our master". It is used mostly as a title preceding the name of a respected
religious leader, in particular graduates of religious institutions. The term is sometimes used to refer to Rumi.
Mecca (‫ م ّكة‬Makkah): the holiest city in Islam
Medina (‫ مدينة‬Madīnah): "city"; Medinat-un-Nabi means "the City of the Prophet."
Minaret (‫)منارة‬: a tower built onto a mosque from the top of which the call to prayer is made
Minbar (‫)منبر‬: a raised pulpit in the mosque where the Imam stands to deliver sermons
Miʿrāj (‫)املعراج‬: the Ascension to the Seven Heavens during the Night Journey.
Muʾadhdhin (‫)مأذن‬: a person who performs the call to prayer
Muʿawwidhatayn (‫)املعوذتني‬: suras Al-Falaq and an-Nas, the "Surahs of refuge", should be said to relieve suffering (also protect from Black
Magic).

@amirah_siddique
 Dictionary of Islamic words and expressions
Mubāḥ (‫)مباح‬: literally permissible; neither forbidden nor commended. Neutral.
Muftī (‫)مفتى‬: an Islamic scholar who is an interpreter or expounder of Islamic law (Sharia), capable of issuing fatawa (plural of "fatwa").
Muḥajjabah (‫)محجبة‬: woman who wears hijab.
Muḥammadun rasūl allāh (‫)محم ٌد رسول اهلل‬: "Muhammad is the messenger of God." This statement is the second part of the fi rst pillar of
Islam. This is the second most important statement in Islam.
Mujāhid (‫)مجاهد‬: a fi ghter for Islam. Plural Mujāhidūn (‫)مجاهدون‬.
Mullah (‫)مال‬: are Islamic clergy. Ideally, they should have studied the Qur'an, Islamic traditions (hadith), and Islamic law (fi qh).
Muʾmin (‫)مؤمن‬: A Muslim who observes the commandments of the Qur'an.
Munāfiq (‫)منافق‬: hypocrite. Plural: Munafi qun
Muntaiabah (‫ )منتقبة‬pl. muntaqibāt (‫)منتقبات‬: woman who wears niqab
Muṣḥaf (‫)مصحف‬: a copy, codex or redaction of the Qur'an.
Mushrik (‫()مشرك‬pl. mushrikūn) (‫)مشركون‬: One who associates others in worship with God; a polytheist.
Muslim (‫)مسلم‬: a follower of the religion of Islam. One who submits their will to God (Allah)
Mustaḥabb (‫)مستحب‬:
ّ commendable or recommended.
N
Nabī (‫)نبي‬: literally, prophets. In the Islamic context, a Nabi is a man sent by God to give guidance to man, but not given scripture. The Prophet
Abraham was a Nabi. This is in contrast to Rasul, or Messenger. Plural: Anbiya. See: Rasul.
Nafs (‫)النفس‬: soul, the lower self, the ego/id
Nakīr and Munkar (‫)نكير و منكر‬: two angels who test the faith of the dead in their graves
Namaz: Ritual Prayer in Turkish and Persian language.
Nikāḥ (‫)النكاح‬: the matrimonial contract between a bride and bridegroom within Islamic marriage
Niqāb (‫)نقاب‬: veil covering the face
Niyyah (‫)نية‬: intention
Nūr (‫)نور‬: Light, more theological connoted than daw', the proper term for light in Arabic. Nur is often associated with benevolence, as Light of
Muhammad and angels of mercy as created from nur. The term is closely associated with nar, which denotes the burning light of fi re, often
associated with fi erce forces, like angels of punishment, demons and hell.
P
P.B.U.H.: an acronym that stands for "peace be upon him" a blessing which is affi xed to Muhammad's name whenever it is written. In some circles
and English writings, Sufi s regard PBUH to signify "Peace and Blessings Upon Him" (the Rasul or Messenger of Allah). These are the primary
English explications of the P.B.U.H. acronym. The Arabic version is S.A.W.
Q
Qadar (‫)قدر‬: predestination.
Qiblah (‫)قبلة‬: the direction Muslims face during prayer
Qiyāmah (‫)قيامة‬: resurrection; return of the dead for the Day of Judgment
Qiyām (‫)قيام‬: to stand, a position of salat prayer
Qurʾān (‫)القرآن‬: The word Qur'an means recitation. Muslims believe the Qur'an (Koran) to be the literal word of God and the culmination of God's
revelation to mankind, revealed to Muhammad in the year AD 610 in the cave Hira by the angel Jibril.
R
Rabb (‫)رب‬:
ّ Lord, Sustainer, Cherisher, Master.
R. A., raḍiya -llāhu ʿanhu (‫)رضي اهلل عنه‬: May Allah be pleased with him. Variants are ʿanhā (her) and ʿanhum (them).
Raḥmān (‫)رحمن‬: Merciful; Ar-Rahman (‫ )الرحمن‬means "The Most Merciful"
Raḥīm (‫)رحيم‬: compassionate; Ar-Rahim (‫ )الرحيم‬means "The Most Compassionate" as in the Basmala
Raḥimaḥullāh (‫)رحمه اهلل‬: May Allah have mercy on him. Usually used after mentioning the companions of Muhammad
Raḥmatullāh (‫)رحمة اهلل‬: Mercy of Allah. Sometimes used as an alternative to Rahimahullah after mentioning a righteous person by saying,
rahmatullahi ʿilayh (‫)رحمة اهلل علیه‬: Mercy of Allah be upon him/her

@amirah_siddique
 Dictionary of Islamic words and expressions
Rakʿah (‫)ركعة‬: one unit of Islamic prayer, or Salat. Each daily prayer is made up of a different number of raka'ah.
Ramaḍān (‫)رمضان‬: month of fasting when the Qur'an was fi rst revealed
Rasūl (‫)رسول‬: messenger; Unlike prophets (Nabi), messengers are given scripture. Moses (as), David (as), Jesus (as) and Mohammed (as) are
considered messengers. All messengers are considered prophets, but not all prophets are given scripture.
Riba (‫)ربا‬: interest, the charging and paying of which is forbidden by the Qur'an
Rukūʿ (‫)ركوع‬: the bowing performed during salat.
S
Ṣabr (‫)صبر‬: patience, endurance, self-restraint
Ṣadaqah (‫)صدقة‬: charity; voluntary alms above the amount for zakat.
Ṣaḥābah (‫( )الصحابة‬sing. Ṣāḥib) (‫)صاحب‬: companions of Muhammad. A list of the best-known Companions can be found at List of
companions of Muhammad.
Ṣalāt (‫ )صالة‬sala(t): any one of the daily fi ve obligatory prayers. Sunnis regard this as the second Pillar of Islam
Salaat al-Istikharah: Prayer for guidance is done in conjunction with two rakaahs of supererogatory prayer.
Salām (‫)سالم‬: peace
Sallallahu alayhi wa sallam (‫)صلى اهلل عليه و سلم‬: "May Allah bless him and grant him peace." The expression should be used after stating
Muhammad's name. See abbreviation: S.A.W. or S.A.W.S. also P.B.U.H.
S.A.W. (or S.A.W.S.): Sallallahu alayhi wa sallam (‫)صلى اهلل عليه و سلم‬. See P.B.U.H.
Ṣawm (‫)صوم‬: َ fasting during the month of Ramadhan. The word sawm is derived from Syriac sawmo.
Sayyid (‫)سيّد‬: (in everyday usage, equivalent to 'Mr.') a descendant of a relative of Muhammad, usually via Husayn.
Shahādah (‫)الشهادة‬: The testimony of faith: La ilaha illa Allah. Muhammadun rasulullah. ("There is no god but Allah. Muhammad is the
messenger of Allah."). Sunnis regard this as the fi rst Pillar of Islam. Also may be used as a synonym for the term Istish'hād meaning martyrdom.
Shahīd (‫ )شهيد‬pl. shuhadāʾ (‫)شهداء‬: witness, martyr. Usually refers to a person killed whilst fi ghting in "jihād fī sabīl Allāh" (jihad for the sake
of Allah). Often used in modern times for deaths in a political cause (including victims of soldiers, deaths in battle, et cetera) which are viewed by
some Muslims as a spiritual cause not just a political cause. But the real meaning of Jihad is to defend Islam in any way; thus, it could be in an
economic way or could refer to fi ghting for the rights of the oppressed or the believers; most often it refers to mastering one's own inclination for
evil and shirk.
Shaykh (‫)شيخ‬: a spiritual master, Muslim clergy
Sharīʿah (‫)الشريعة‬: "the path to a watering hole"; Islamic law; the eternal ethical code and moral code based on the Qur'an, Sunnah, Ijma, and
Qiyas; basis of Islamic jurisprudence (fi qh)
Shayṭān (‫)شيطان‬: Evil being; a devil. With the articleAl- it designates the Devil (Iblis) in particular. In plural, it designates a host of evil spirits;
demons. Also applied to evil humans and evil jinn.
Shirk (‫)شرك‬: idolatry; polytheism; the sin of believing in any divinity except God and of associating other gods with God.
Sīrah (‫)السيرة‬: life or biography of Muhammad; his moral example – with hadith this comprises the sunnah
aṣ-Ṣirāṭ al-mustaqīm ( ‫)الصراط املستقيم‬: the Straight Path
Subḥānahu wa taʿāla (‫()سبحانه و تعالى‬abbreviated S.W.T.): expression used following written name or vocalization of Allah in Arabic
meaning highly praised and glorifi ed is He.
Subḥān allāh (‫)سبحان اهلل‬: "Glory to God" – this phrase is often used when praising God or exclaiming awe at His attributes, bounties, or
creation.
Suḥūr (‫)سحور‬: the meal eaten by fasting Muslims just before dawn.
Sujūd(‫)سجود‬: kneeling down, a position of salat.
Sunnah (‫ )السنّة‬or sunnat an-Nabī (‫)سنّة النبي‬: the "path" or "example" of Muhammad, i.e., what he did or said or agreed to during his life.
He is considered by Muslims to be the best human moral example. Also referring to optional good deeds, such as pious deeds and voluntary ritual
prayers.
Sūrah (‫)سورة‬: chapter; the Qur'an is composed of 114 suras.

@amirah_siddique
 Dictionary of Islamic words and expressions
T
Taʿāla (‫)تعالى‬: Almighty
Tafsīr (‫)تفسير‬: exegesis, particularly such commentary on the Qur'an
Tahajjud (‫)تهجُّ د‬: optional (supererogatory), late-night (pre-dawn) prayer
Tajwīd (‫)تجويد‬: a special manner of reciting the Qur'an according to prescribed rules of pronunciation and intonation.
Takbīr (‫)تكبير‬: a proclamation of the greatness of Allah; a Muslim invocation.
Ṭalāq (‫)الطالق‬: divorce
Taqīyyah (‫)تقيّة‬: 'precaution', that one is allowed to hide his true beliefs in certain circumstances or to lie to save himself of being killed or
harmed.
Taqwa (‫)تقوى‬: righteousness; goodness; Piety: Taqwa is taken from the verbe Ittaqua, which means Avoiding, Fearing the punishment from Allah
for committing sins. It is piety obtained by fearing the punishment of Allah.
Tarāwīḥ (‫)تراويح‬: extra prayers in Ramadan after the Isha prayer.
Tasbīḥ (‫)تسبيح‬: Uttering the formula: "Subhan Allah", i.e. (Glory be to Allah)
Taslīm (‫)تسليم‬: salutation at the end of prayer
Tawakkul (‫)توکل‬: total reliance on Allah.
Ṭawāf (‫)طواف‬: circumambulating the Ka'bah during Hajj.
Tawbah (‫)توبة‬: repentance
Tawḥīd (‫)توحيد‬: monotheism; affi rmation of the Oneness of Allah. Muslims regard this as the fi rst part of the Pillar of Islam, the second part is
accepting Muhammad as rasoul (messenger). The opposite of Tawheed is shirk
U
ʿUlamāʾ (‫ )علماء‬or ulema: the leaders of Islamic society, including teachers, Imams and judges. Singular alim.
ʾUmmah (‫ )االُمّة‬or umma: (literally 'nation') the global community of all Muslim believers
ʿUmrah (‫)عمرة‬: the lesser pilgrimage performed in Mecca. Unlike hajj, ʿumrah can be performed throughout the year.
W
Wa ʿalaykum as-salām (‫)وعليكم السالم‬: Wa 'Alaykum as-Salaam!, meaning "and upon you be peace".
Wājib (‫)واجب‬: obligatory or mandatory see fard
Walī (‫)ولي‬: friend, protector, guardian, supporter, helper
Witr (‫)وتر‬: a voluntary, optional night prayer of odd numbers rakaats.
Wuḍūʾ (‫)الوضوء‬: ablution for ritual purifi cation from minor impurities before salat
Y
Yā Allāh (‫)یا اهلل‬: O, God!
Ya Rasūl Allāh (‫)یا رسول اهلل‬: O, Messenger of God!. Term used by companions when interacting with Muhammad.
Yarḥamuk-Allāh (‫)يرحمك اهلل‬: "May God have mercy on you", said when someone sneezes; the same as "(God) bless you" in English
Allāh Yarḥamuhu (‫)اهلل يرحمه‬, fem. yarḥamuhā(‫)يرحمها‬: "May God have mercy of his/her soul", (said when someone dies)
Yawm al-Qiyāmah (‫)يوم القيامة‬: "Day of the Resurrection"; Day of Judgement
Z
Zakāt (‫)زكاة‬, Al-Māl: tax, alms, tithe as a Muslim duty; Sunnis regard this as the fourth Pillar of Islam. Neither charity nor derived from Islamic
economics, but a religious duty and social obligation.
Zakāt al-Fiṭr (‫)زكاة الفطر‬: Charity given at the end of Ramadan.
Zināʾ (‫ زنى‬,‫)زناء‬: sexual activity outside of marriage (covering the English words adultery and fornication)

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