e-ISSN: 2582-5208

International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

Volume:02/Issue:05/May-2020 www.irjmets.com

ZONE BASED SPEED CONTROLLER OF VEHICLE USING IOT

Arpitha M P*1, Chandrakala*2, Druthi Raghuram Shanbhog*3, Komal Kumari*4,
Mrs. Shruthi B M*5
*1,2,3,4
Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, GSSSIETW, Mysuru, India.
*5
Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, GSSSIETW, Mysuru, India.

ABSTRACT
This project aims at automatically controlling the Speed of vehicle at speed restricted areas such as schools,
hospital zones etc. These days the quantity of schools, medical clinics and shopping centers are greatly
expanding in metropolitan urban areas and a large portion of these are on street.. As it is intensely packed at
times of heavy traffic, controlling pace of these spots is high worry for maintaining a strategic distance from
mishaps. Existing frameworks are questionable as far as controlling rate at specific zones and furthermore less
speed nowadays the drivers drive vehicles at high speed even in speed limited areas without considering the
safety of the public. A RFID is utilized for this reason. One RFID Reader will be placed inside the vehicle read
the RFID tag set either at speed limit signboard or at traffic light. A controlling module in the vehicle at that
point takes the choice and control the speed accordingly.
KEYWORDS: RFID Reader, RFID Tag, Arduino Mega, L298N driver, HC-05 Bluetooth Module.

I. INTRODUCTION
This paper aimed to plan an equipment prototype for securely monitoring and controlling of vehicle at particular
zones using IoT. As Population is massively increased metropolitan cities and it is huge at special places like
schools, malls and hospitals. Mostly these places are on road hence controlling vehicle speed at these places are
major concern to avoid accidents. Most of accidents are happening because of over speed at domestic roads.
Hence, there is scope to research on controlling vehicle speed at particular zones. An identification of obstacles
is also one of the important concerns to provide safety to children and senior citizen on roads. There are huge
number of research ideas are presented to stop vehicle automatically and also measure speed at particular point.
However, these approaches are provided limited performance in terms of vehicle speed and providing
information to authorized persons. As many of existing systems are focusing on stopping vehicle when object is
identified and there is no system for reducing speed for particular zones using Internet of Things(IoT) thereby
motivating to provide hardware prototype for controlling vehicle speed and stopping vehicle in case of object
identified. In this paper, an advanced hardware is utilized for controlling vehicle, to avoid delay when
implementing for real-time applications. With advance of technology and capacity of computer, controlling of
the hardware prototype that is robot is high speed thereby obtaining high performance for realistic applications.
To switch from off to on condition or on to off condition, Pulse with Modulation is popularly used in digital
systems.
This Usage of wireless RFID technology to detect the areas where speed should be controlled. Speed of the
vehicle is reduced while in smart zone. The designed system is equipped with speed reduction system. This
system is useful for smart zones like Hospital, School, Colleges etc. One RFID transmitter will be keep in front
zone. One RFID receiver connected with the microcontroller will be put inside the vehicle.
The RF beneficiary, over distinguishing the RF transmitted sign will impart sign of speed decrease to the
microcontroller. The speed of the vehicle will be controlled through Microcontroller (Arduino mega).DC
engines are interfaced through an engine driver.

II. RFID TECHNOLOGY

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a nonexclusive term for advancements that utilization radio waves to
consequently distinguish individuals or articles from a separation of a few crawls to several feet. This is an

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

[548]
 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:02/Issue:05/May-2020 www.irjmets.com
Automatic Identification (Auto-ID) Technology by which any article can be recognized consequently.
Standardized tag, Magnetic Strip, IC Card, Optic Character Recognition (OCR), Voice Recognition, Fingerprint
and Optical Strip and so on are likewise recognizable proof advancements. RFID innovation utilize programmed
information catch framework which helps in expanding framework proficiency. Mix of tag and peruser is
utilized for recognizable proof reason. A code is put away in RFID Tag and this tag is appended to a physical
article. Presently object become novel recognizable. The n object transmit code from tag. Along these lines
peruser get data about article. RFID isn't really another innovation, however it is applied in new ways. RFID is
quickly developing innovation. It offers a lot of bit of leeway over traditional recognizable proof gadget like
scanner tag. To peruse the standardized tag, the scanner tag scanner should be inline of sight with the name. It
implies that the manual development of the article or scanner is fundamental. RFID, then again can peruse
information from tag without view. Likewise no arrangement is essential in RFID innovation. RFID has high
understanding velocity and this can work in nearness of obstructions. This innovation is progressively viable
when longer read extend, quick checking and adaptable information conveying capacity is required. RFID
system can be represented as shown in Fig.1.

Fig-1: Block diagram of a RFID system

III. DESIGN COMPONENTS

A. RFID Reader
A RFID Reader is a system associated gadget (fixed or versatile) with a reception apparatus that sends power
just as information and orders to the labels. RFID frameworks permit the exceptional recognizable proof of
things [1][5] or whatever other items which permits following of individual things all through the flexibly chain.
In our framework, RFID peruser is utilized to identify the RFID label connected to the vehicle. The peruser
utilized in our model can peruse RFID tag inside 3.5 cm. In any case, for the constant model we will utilize all
the more remarkable reader which can identify the RFID tag from a more drawn out separation. This is shown in
Fig.2.

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

[549]
 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:02/Issue:05/May-2020 www.irjmets.com

Fig-2: RFID Reader

B. RFID Tag
Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) is the utilization of radio waves to peruse and catch data put away on a
label connected to an item. In RFID framework, each individual thing is furnished with a cheap and little RFID
tag. The tag contains a transponder with advanced memory chip. A recieving wire bundled with a handset and
decoder produces a sign actuating the tag so it can read and compose information into it. When RFID label
goes through the reader zone, it identifies the reader actuation signal. For our model five distinctive dynamic
RFID labels are utilized for distinguishing five sorts of vehicle. This is shown in Fig.3.

Fig-3: RFID Tag

C. Arduino Mega
Arduino Mega is a microcontroller board dependent on the ATmega2560. It has 54 advanced information/yield
pins (of which 14 can be utilized as PWM yields), 16 simple data sources, 4 UARTs (equipment sequential
ports), a 16 MHz precious stone oscillator, a USB association, a force jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button
[3] [5]. In our model two Arduino mega has been utilized.
D. HC-05 Bluetooth Module
HC‐05 Module is a simple to utilize Bluetooth SPP (Serial Port Protocol) module, designed for straightforward
sequential port Bluetooth module is completely qualified Bluetooth V2. 0+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) 3Mbps
Modulation with complete 2.4GHz radio handset and baseband.
E. L298N Driver
The L298N is a double H-connect engine driver which permits speed and bearing control of two DC engine
simultaneously. The module can drive DC engine that have voltages somewhere in the range of 5 and 35V, with
a pinnacle current up to 2A.
www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science
[550]
 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:02/Issue:05/May-2020 www.irjmets.com
F. LCD Display
An LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic presentation module. The 16X2 LCD shows unit's
information pins D4 to D7 are interface to the port are p0.16 to p0.19 of the controller for information getting
and controlling procedure. The interfacing ports are getting the information and showing on the LCD show. RS-
Reset pin interfaces to the port of p1.16 and EN-Enable pin interfaces to the port of p1.17.the peruse and
compose pin are associating with the ground. This reset empower pin is utilized to show the accepting
information.

IV. WORKING PRINCIPLE OF RFID SYSTEM

A RFID reader remains controlled on constantly and is ordinarily fueled from an outer force source. So when it
is ON, the oscillator in it creates a sign with an ideal recurrence yet as the sign quality will be exceptionally less
(which may prompt blurring off the sign in the event that it is transmitted straightforwardly) it must be
intensified which should be possible utilizing an enhancer circuit, in order to propagate the sign to a more drawn
out separation we have to adjust the sign which is finished by a modulator. With every one of these
enhancements the sign is currently fit to be transmitted which should be possible by a reception apparatus which
changes over the electrical sign into an electromagnetic sign. The RFID peruse signals are wherever with it's
proximity to recognize a tag. At the point when a RFID label comes in the proximity of the RFID reader the tag
recognizes the peruses signal through a curl present in it which changes over the got RF signal into an electrical
sign. This changed over sign alone is adequate to control up the microchip present in the tag. When the
microchip gets controlled up, its capacity is to send the information (one of a kind ID) which it is put away in it.
A similar way the sign came in, it is conveyed through a similar curl into the air. As talked about before the
RFID peruse likewise has a handset in it. At the point when the sign returns from the tag through the radio wire
of RFID reader it is taken care of to the demodulator and afterward decoded by a decoder where the first
information can be acquired and afterward further handled by a microcontroller or a chip to play out a particular
undertaking. Note that the above clarification is for an aloof RFID tag. If there should be an occurrence of a
functioning RFID label it distinguishes the sign from the reader just to trigger the circuit and prepare the tag to
send the information to the reader since dynamic labels have worked in power source.

V. WORKING OF MODEL
In this model all the vehicles ought to be outfitted with the programmed control framework unit as appeared in
Fig 4. This incorporates a RFID peruser, a microcontroller, a LCD screen. Labels are introduced toward the start
of speed limit zone and toward the finish of zone. At the point when a vehicle enters as far as possible zone
RFID peruser introduced in the vehicle distinguishes the label code. This code demonstrates the speed which is
to be kept up at that zone. peruser moves label code to microcontroller. At the point when codes microcontroller
gets the code it contrasts this code ID and the which are as of now spared in database of microcontroller.
In the event that match is discovered, the code ID is substantial. Microcontroller realizes as far as possible which
is to be kept up in the zone. By then the speed to be kept up at that particular zone will be shown on LCD screen.
Microcontroller contrasts the speed of the vehicle and the predetermined speed limit. In the event that vehicle
speed is lower or equivalent to the predetermined speed limit, microcontroller shows a message to stay beneath
the predefined speed limit on LCD screen. In any case, if vehicle speed is more , speed naturally down to the
predetermined speed limit.

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

[548]
 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:02/Issue:05/May-2020 www.irjmets.com

Fig-4: System Architecture

As the resistance of the accelerator unit varies the DC reference voltage given to the pulse width modulator also
varies thereby changing the width of the output pulses.
Pulse width modulation is the strategy where the width of the yield beat is fluctuated by differing a dc voltage
reference which is given as one of the contributions to a comparator. The other information is a saw-tooth
voltage waveform. The width of the yield beats diminishes or increments as the dc reference voltage level
increments or diminishes individually. This pulse with modulation will be delivered by the PWM is given to the
engine driver unit for controlling the speed of the engine. At the point when the beat width is huge, the speed of
the engine increments and when the beat width is little, the speed of the engine diminishes. At the point when
vehicle comes to outside the label run, microcontroller expels the command over the vehicle and whole control
is moved back to the driver. Here we can utilize dynamic or uninvolved labels relying upon the power of traffic.
These labels contain a specific novel code relating to the speed on as far as possible sign sheets. This specific
code ID alluding to the speed to which the vehicle's speed must be decreased is transmitted by the tag to the
RFID peruser. A theoretical of model has been appeared in fig.5.

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

[549]
 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:02/Issue:05/May-2020 www.irjmets.com

Fig-5: Abstract view of model

VI. CONCLUSION
This paper is proposed a propelled zone based speed control of vehicle in this manner accomplishing less rush
hour gridlock and maintaining a strategic distance from mishaps. The IoT based zone based speed controller for
mishap counteraction is delivered an equipment model subsequently recreating the outcomes at specific days.
The model is given elite than existing strategies. Henceforth, this paper is introduced a practical and dependable
framework for staying away from accidents.

FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
In this undertaking we can actualize utilizing GSM and GPS to know the speed and area of vehicle to shrewd
mobiles at home or vehicle proprietor and traffic police too.

VII. REFERENCES
[1] “Automatic Speed Control of Vehicles Using RFID “ Leena Thomas1, Swetha Annu James2, Seril Joseph3,
Arya K B4, Tedik Narah5, Obang Pangu6 Dept. of MACE, Kothamangalam International Journal of
Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT), May 2014
[2] Ashok Kumar K, Karunakar Reddy Vanga “IoT Based Smart Zone Vehicle Speed Control” International
Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), May 2019.
[3] “Review Automatic Speed Control of Vehicle using RFID Technology”, Soni Kumari, Jamal Ahmed,
Mimo Ghosh, Gautam Ghosh Review of International Journal of Advanced Research in Electronics and
Communication Engineering (IJARECE), May 2016 .
[4] “An Advanced Security System Integrated With RFID Based Automated Toll Collection System”, Rafiya
Hossain, Moonmoon Ahmed, Md. Mozadded Alfasani, Hasan U. Zaman, 2017.

[5] “Intelligent Smart Zone Based Vehicle Speed Control System Using RF” , V Kranthi Sai Reddy1, V Sai
Jahnavi2 ,Prathima Sheela3, IJRECE ( OCTOBER- DECEMBER 2018).
[6] “Intelligent Vehicle Control Based On Identification Of Road And Traffic Signal Operated RFID
Transponders”, Ateeth Kumar Thirukkovulur1, Harikrishna Nandagopal2, Vigneesh Parivallal, International
Conference On Advances In Electrical and Electronics Engineering Penang, Malaysia, (ICAEE'2012)

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

[550]
 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:02/Issue:05/May-2020 www.irjmets.com
[7] “Automated Toll Collection System Using RFID”, Pranoti Salunke1 , Poonam Malle2 , Kirti Datir3 ,
Jayshree Dukale4, IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) Issue 2(Jan. -
Feb. 2013
[8] “The RFID Technology and its Applications: A Review” Davinder Parkash, Twinkle Kundu & Preet Kaur
Haryana College of Technology & Management, Ambala Road, Kaithal 136027, India, Haryana College of
Technology & Management, Ambala Road, Kaithal 136027, India YMCA University of Science And
Technology, Sector- 6,Faridabad, India, IJECIERD, Sep 2012.

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

[551]