Start up spindles

1PH7

1PH2 1PH4

SINUMERIK Date: 02.09.2003

SITRAIN Training for
Automation and Drives
Siemens AG 2000. All rights reserved. File: 07_Start_up_spindle_e.ppt.1

Contents

Start up spindles ................................................................................................................. 1

Spindle operating modes ................................................................................................... 2
Definition and configuration of a spindle ............................................................................. 3
MD for measuring systems ................................................................................................ 4
Parameter sets ................................................................................................................... 5
Gear stages .................................................................................................................. 6
Spindle monitoring .............................................................................................................. 7
Adjustment measuring system ........................................................................................... 8
Exercise: Start up spindle .................................................................................................. 9
Exercise: Testing the spindle .............................................................................................10

SITRAIN Training for NC-84D-SK

Automation and Drives Page 1 Start-up spindles
 Spindle operating modes

Oscillating operation

M40-M45

Control operation Positioning operation

M3, M4, M5, S... SPOS, SPOSA,
SPCON, SPCOF M19
M70

Axis operation
G1 C70 F100

G331 G332

Tapping without
compensating chuck

SINUMERIK Date: 02.09.2003

SITRAIN Training for
Automation and Drives
Siemens AG 2000. All rights reserved. File: 07_Start_up_spindle_e.ppt.2

Spindles Spindles serve for rotating a workpiece or too, in order to create the conditions
for cutting processes.
Control operation After having determined a spindle rotation direction (M3, M4) and a spindle
speed (S....), the spindle rotates in controlled mode, meaning the actual speed
is not constant, but varies around the setpoint speed.
SPCON/SPCOF If a constant speed is required, position controlling can be activated via the
command SPCON. Deselection is realized via SPCOF.
Attention: With SPCON, maximum speed is automatically limited to 90%!
Positioning operation For positioning the spindle, e.g. for tool change, the commands SPOS,
SPOSA, and M19 exist. The positioning data for M19 are filed in the axis-
specific setting data SD 43240: M19_SPOS[n] (Position) and SD 43250:
M19_SPOSMODE[n] (position approach mode). M19 is available with software
5.3 and later.
Exampe: SPOS=90 positioning spindle 1 to 90o
SPOSA[2]=30 positioning spindle 2 to 90o
M19 positioning spindle 1 to SD 43240
Oscillating operation When oscillating, the spindle motor alternately rotates clockwise and counter-
clockwise. This oscillating movement is supported by a slight engagement of a
new gear stage. Oscillation can be realized via machine data, PLC program, or
FC18.
Axis operation For certain processing tasks (e.g. on turning machines with face processing),
the spindle can be adressed as axis with its axis designation (e.g. C) in the part
program. If axis operation is active and the rotary axis is referenced, all axis
functions can be used.

SITRAIN Training for NC-84D-SK

Automation and Drives Page 2 Start-up spindles
 Definition and configuration of a spindle

Definition:
MD 30300 =1 rotary axis (IS_ROT_AX)
MD 30310 =1 rotary axis with Modulo programming (ROT_IS_MODULO)
MD 30320 =1 display referring to 360 degrees (DISPLAY_IS_MODULO)
MD 35000 =1 Declaration of axis as 1st spindle (SPIND_ASSIGN_TO_MACHAX)
=2 Declaration of axis as 2nd spindle

Configuration:
The configuration of setpoint and actual value connection is identical to the axis
configuration (see chapter Start-up axes)

Setpoints: Actual value:

MD 30110: CTRLOUT_MODULE_NR MD 30220: ENC_MODULE_NR

MD 30230: ENC_INPUT_NR
MD 30130: CTROUT_TYPE MD 30240: ENC_TYPE

SINUMERIK Date: 02.09.2003

SITRAIN Training for
Automation and Drives
Siemens AG 2000. All rights reserved. File: 07_Start_up_spindle_e.ppt.3

Rotary axis For SINUMERIK 810D/840D, the spindle is a continuously turning rotary axis.
For the definition of a spindle the machine dates MD30300, 30310, 30320 =1
have to be set.
After the rotary axis definition, an NCK Reset has to be performed!

Spindle Via the axis-specific machine date MD35000 the spindle number of the axis is
determined. The spindle number is used for part programming.
Example: M3 S1000 spindle 1 turns at 1000 U/min right
M2=3 S2=1000 spindle 2 turns at 1000 U/min right
SINUMERIK 810D can process two spindles maximum and SINUMERIK
840D 5 spindles maximum per channel.

SITRAIN Training for NC-84D-SK

Automation and Drives Page 3 Start-up spindles
 MD for measuring system

SINUMERIK Date: 02.09.2003

SITRAIN Training for
Automation and Drives
Siemens AG 2000. All rights reserved. File: 07_Start_up_spindle_e.ppt.4

Notes: Explanation of machine data see chapter „Start-up axes“

SITRAIN Training for NC-84D-SK

Automation and Drives Page 4 Start-up spindles
 Parameter sets

e.g. MD35110[0...5]

Index Axis operation Spindle

[0] X

[1] GS1

[2] GS2

[3] GS3

[4] GS4

[5] GS5

GS... Gear stage

SINUMERIK Date: 02.09.2003

SITRAIN Training for
Automation and Drives
Siemens AG 2000. All rights reserved. File: 07_Start_up_spindle_e.ppt.5

Parameter sets For the following machine data, Index [n] stands for axis operation [0] of for
gear stages 1 [1] to 5 [5].
MD 35110: Maximum speed for gear stage change
(GEAR_STEP_MAX_VELO[n])
MD 35120: Minimum speed for gear stage change
(GEAR_STEP_MIN_VELO[n])
MD 35130: Maximum speed for gear stage
(GEAR_STEP_MAX_VELO[n] _LIMIT)
MD 35140: Minimum speed for gear stage
(GEAR_STEP_MIN_VELO_LIMIT[n])
MD 35200: Acceleration in speed-controlled operation
(GEAR_STEP_SPEEDCTRL_ACCEL[n])
MD 35210: Acceleration in position-controlled operation
(GEAR_STEP_POSCTRL_ACCEL[n])
MD 31050: Denominator load gearing
(DRIVE_AX_RATIO_DENOM[n])
MD 31060: Numerator load gearing
(DRIVE_AX_RATIO_NUMERA[n])
MD 32200: Kv factor
(POSCTRL_GAIN[n])
MD 36200: Threshold for speed monitoring
(AX_VELO_LIMIT[n])

SITRAIN Training for NC-84D-SK

Automation and Drives Page 5 Start-up spindles
 Gear stages

MD 35130[2]
MD 35110[2]

MD 35130[1] maximum speed for gear stage

MD 35110[1] maximum speed for gear stage change

MD 35120[2]

MD 35140[2]
MD 35120[1] minimum speed for gear stage change
MD 35140[1] minimum speed for gear stage

GS1 GS2

SINUMERIK Date: 02.09.2003

SITRAIN Training for
Automation and Drives
Siemens AG 2000. All rights reserved. File: 07_Start_up_spindle_e.ppt.6

MD35110[n] In MD maximum speed for gear stage change (GEAR_STEP_MAX_VELO),

the maximum speed of the gear stage for automatic gear stage change (M40 )
is preset.

MD35120[n] In MD minimum speed for gear stage change (GEAR_STEP_MIN_VELO) the

minimum speed of the gear stage for automatic gear stage change (M40 ) is
preset.

MD35130[n] In MD maximum speed for gear stage (GEAR_STEP_MAX_VELO_LIMIT) the

maximum speed of the gear stage is entered. This speed can not be exceeded
in the gear stage.

MD35140[n] In MD minimum speed for gear stage (GEAR_STEP_MIN_VELO_LIMIT) the

minimum speed of the gear stage is entered. This speed can not be fallen
below by programming a too small S value.

SITRAIN Training for NC-84D-SK

Automation and Drives Page 6 Start-up spindles
 Spindle monitoring

MD 35100: SPIND_VELO_LIMIT
MD 36200: AX_VELO_LIMIT[2]

MD 35150: SPIND_DES_VELO_TOL

MD 36200: AX_VELO_LIMIT[1]

MD 36060: STANDSTILL_VELO_TOL

GS1 GS2

SINUMERIK Date: 02.09.2003

SITRAIN Training for
Automation and Drives
Siemens AG 2000. All rights reserved. File: 07_Start_up_spindle_e.ppt.7

Max. spindle speed Maximum spindle speed is entered in MD 35100: SPIND_VELO_LIMIT. NCK
limits the speed to the entered value. If the speed still less by the speed
tolerance value (drive error), the Alarm „22150 channel [Name] block [Number]
Spindle [Number] Maximum spindle chuck exceeded” is output.
Via MD 36200: AX_VELO_LIMIT[1...5] spindle speed is monitored depending
on gear stages. If the speed is exceeded, the Alarm „25030 axis [Name] actual
speed alarm limit” is generated.
Progr. spindle Via the functions G25 S... a minimum spindle speed and via G26 S... a
speed limitation maximum spindle speed limitation can be set via the part program. The
limitation is active in all operating modes.
Spindle setting data In area „Parameter“, SK „Setting data“, SK „Spindle data“, the user or set-up
staff can determine further limitations of spindle speed.
Attention: When entering spindle speed „0“, the spindle is stopped in all
operating modes and no error message is output!
Axis/spindle If the speed is lower than the speed entered in
stationary MD 36060: STANDSTILL_VELO_TOL, this is indicated via the interface signal
„Axis/Spindle stationary”.
With set MD 35510: SPIND_STOPPED_AT_IPO_START the feedrate is
enabled, e.g. after M5.
Spindle in If the spindle reaches the tolerance range indicated in
setpoint range MD 35150:SPIND_DES_VELO_TOL , the signal „Spindle in setpoint range” is
output. With set MD 35500: SPIND_ON_SPEED_AT_IPO_START, the
feedrate is enabled.

Attention: Is the spindle in position control mode the monitoring functions contour
tolerance MD36400, standstill tolerance MD36030 and exact hold
MD36000, MD36010 are activ.

SITRAIN Training for NC-84D-SK

Automation and Drives Page 7 Start-up spindles
 Adjustment measuring system
0o

90o
270o

180o
Precondition:
MD 34060=360 max. path to reference mark (REFP_MAX_MARKER_DIST[n])

The measured compensation value is entered in

MD 34090: Reference point offset (REFP_MOVE_DIST_CORR).
Attention: This value is only effective after NCK Reset.

SINUMERIK Date: 02.09.2003

SITRAIN Training for
Automation and Drives
Siemens AG 2000. All rights reserved. File: 07_Start_up_spindle_e.ppt.8

Synchronization After having started the control, the spindle can be synchronized as follows:

z The spindle is started with a spindle speed (S value) and a spindle

rotation direction (M3 or M4) and synchronizes itself with the next zero
mark of the length measuring system or with the next Bero signal.

z The spindle is positioned with SPOS, M19 or SPOSA from standstill or

from motion. The spindle synchronizes itself with the next zero mark of
the length measuring system or with the next Bero signal. Then
positioning to hte programmed position is realized.

z Overtravelling of the zero mark in operating mode JOG via the direction
keys in speed controlled operation.
Adjustment zero When synchronizing the spindle, the position of the zero mark is defined
mark actual position = 0. If this position doesn‘t correspond to the actual zero
position, it has to be corrected via the machine data.
Variant 1:
As precondition for adjustment, the MD 34060=360 max. path to reference
mark (REFP_MAX_MARKER_DIST[n]) has to be set.
The measured compensation value is entered in MD 34090: reference point
offset (REFP_MOVE_DIST_CORR).
Attention: This value is only effective after NCK Reset.
Variant 2:
SPOS=0
G1 G91 C1 program and process,
then the spindle is in axis operation and can be adjusted via reference point
approach.

SITRAIN Training for NC-84D-SK

Automation and Drives Page 8 Start-up spindles
Exercise: Start-up spindle

Definition MD 30300 =1 rotary axis (IS_ROT_AX)

MD 30310 =1 rotary axis with Modulo programming (ROT_IS_MODULO)
MD 30320 =1 display referring to 360 degrees (DISPLAY_IS_MODULO)
MD 35000 =1 axis is first spindle (SPIND_ASSIGN_TO_MACHAX)
Configuration Setpoints:
MD 30110: CTRLOUT_MODULE_NR
MD 30130: CTRLOUT_TYPE
Actual values:
MD 30220: ENC_MODULE_NR[0]
MD 30230: ENC_INPUT_NR[0]
MD 30240: ENC_TYPE[0]
Adjustment measu- MD 31000=0 ENC_IS_LINEAR
ring system MD 31040=0 ENC_IS_DIRECT
MD 31020=2048 ENC_RESOL lines/resolution
MD 31080=1 DRIVE_ENC_RATIO_NUMERA motor ratio
MD 31070=1 DRIVE_ENC_RATIO_DENOM encoder ratio
MD 31060=1 DRIVE_AX_RATIO_NUMERA motor ratio
MD 31050=1 DRIVE_AX_RATIO_DENOM load ratio
Drives Power module selection see nameplate on training rack
NCK Reset
Motor selection see nameplate on training rack
Save boot file
gear stages Enter minimum and maximum speed for gear stage 1 (maximum motor speed
see nameplate)
MD35110[1] maximum speed for gear stage change 9000
(GEAR_STEP_MAX_VELO)
MD35120[1] minimum speed for gear stage change 0
(GEAR_STEP_MIN_VELO)
MD35130[1] maximum speed for gear stage 9000
(GEAR_STEP_MAX_VELO_LIMIT)
MD35140[1] minimum speed for gear stage 0
(GEAR_STEP_MIN_VELO_LIMIT)
Jog velocity MD 32010: conventional rapid traverse
(JOG_VELO_RAPID)
MD 32020: conventional axis velocity
(JOG_VELO)
Monitoring MD 35100: SPIND_VELO_LIMIT 9500
MD 36200: AX_VELO_LIMIT[1] 9500
Increase the tolerance range for contour exactness MD36400, standstill
tolerance and MD36030 exact hold range MD36000, MD36010, because the
spindle wasn‘t optimized. 20
Adjustment zero Set MD 34060=360 max. path to reference mark
mark (REFP_MAX_MARKER_DIST[n]).
Adjust the zero mark via MD 34090: reference point offset
(REFP_MOVE_DIST_CORR) until the inscription of the rotating masses on top
shows 0o.

SITRAIN Training for NC-84D-SK

Automation and Drives Page 9 Start-up spindles
Exercise: Testing the spindle

Test program Start the program TEST_SPINDEL of chapter „Operating“.

N1 MARKE: ;Destination mark for step change function

N2 S1000 M3 ;Spindle rotation/right at 1000 U/min
N3 G4 F5 ;Dwell time 5sec.
N4 S4000 M4 ;Spindle rotation/left at 4000 U/min
N5 G4 F3 ;Dwell time 3sek.
N6 SPOS=0 ;Axis operation and positioning to 0 degrees
N7 M1 ;Either HALT or another NC Start required
N8 G1 C180 F1000 ;C Axis at 1000mm/min to 180 degrees
N9 M1 ;another NC Start required (program control.)
N10 C270 F500 ;C axis at 500mm/min to 270 degrees
N11 G4 F4 ;Dwell time 4sec.
N12 S500 M3 ;Switch to spindle operation
N13 G4 F2 ;Dwell time 2sec.
N14 GOTOB MARKE ;Step change in direction of program start
N15 M2 ;Program end

SITRAIN Training for NC-84D-SK

Automation and Drives Page 10 Start-up spindles