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ER Diagram

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43 views5 pages

ER Diagram

Uploaded by

vavidi9917
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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E-R(enity realtionship) Diagrams

tutorial and examples

We are here to give you a full tutorial of making project report for any
project of software. This project report or presentation will make your
project easily understandable to client or user. In this, you represt your
project by the help of Diagram i.e. class diagram, DFD diagram, ER
diagram, Sequence diagram, Use Case dagram etc. We will cover all these
topic in my tutorial. So, lets start the tutorial.

Basic information about E-R(enity realtionship)


diagram
What is E-R(enity realtionship) Diagram ?

An entity relationship diagram (ERD) shows the relationships of entity sets


stored in a database. An entity in this context is a component of data. In
other words, ER Diagrams are most often used to design or debug
relational databases in the fields of software engineering, business
information systems, education and research.

At first View an entity relationship diagram looks very much like a


flowchart. It is the specialized symbols, and the meanings of those
symbols, that make it unique.

Symbols or Notation Used in ER Diagram?

Entity

An entity. It define an object, a person or conecpt. Entities are


represented by means of rectangles.
Weak Entity

A weak entity is an entity that must defined by a foreign key relationship


with another entity as it cannot be uniquely identified by its own
attributes alone.

Attributes

Attribute defines the property of entites, they are represented by means


of ellipse and always connected by entity.

Multivalued

Multivalued attributes are depicted by double ellipse. A multivalued


attribute can have more than one value.

Derived

Derived attributes are depicted by dashed ellipse. It is based on another


attribute.

Realtionship

Relationships are represented by diamond-shaped box. Name of the


relationship is written inside the diamond-box. All the entities (rectangles)
participating in a relationship, are connected to it by a line.
Binary Relationship

One-to-one

When only one instance of an entity is associated with the relationship, it


is marked as '1:1'. In one-to-one relationship one each entity should be
associated with the relationship.

One-to-many

When more than one instance of an entity is associated with a


relationship, it is marked as '1:N'. In one-to-many relationship each entity
on the left and more than one instance of an entity on the right can be
associated with the relationship.

Many-to-one

When more than one instance of entity is associated with the relationship,
it is marked as 'N:1'.In many-to-one relationship each entity on the right
can be associated with the relationship.
Many-to-many

When more than one instance of an entity is associated with a


relationship, it is marked as N:N'. In one-to-many relationship each entity
on the left and more than one instance of an entity on the right can be
associated with the relationship

Participation Constraints

Total Participation − Each entity is involved in the relationship. Total


participation is represented by double lines Partial participation − Not
all entities are involved in the relationship. Partial participation is
represented by single lines.

Examples Of ER Diagram
Hospital Management System ER Diagram

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