| onir : REROX REACTIONS py REDOK——— —}—_ REDUCTION _ OXIDATION — +-—Removat Of OAygen Addition of oxygen —— | Additien of huydegen Removal of bryydungen —|* Gain 6 electhens ® Loss of elections oneeeses | meee eee - oo + : {The ebyment on vataich The element on wtude _ —.|duductien takes plac __oxlalation tales place - Acti ai_oxidibing ageul atts as Arduuva agent = | tt i= Joss ef elections by any speues _ ___ Reduction _!-__Giatn_of elect by any sbeu@- Oxidising agent !- Shecies 2s Wluch ave accebbet des: Redwing agent '- Species _satuich att donot of es Redox Rx" '- The Aeahon volueh fnvoley bet | Oxidation £ Reduction soceuer | ee eee = The heathen _votuch—tnvelve - change &« oxidation number of _tntecaching- Apeues- | - i mn Znt® + ae7_(Odldation) ge ct co Reduction) - - | - Zn't* + Cu__( Redox. i cu + aap a t a = aaa —— _ gain of (Reduction)--OXLDATION NUMBER lL Lt denote: the Oxiclahan [State of an element tn a comound Oct ording {toa set 6 Aules hormulated on te basis _| that _elechon im a Covalent bond help a Berit tel) Sine oviete electroneganve element OR. | at may “be defined asthe Charge vou -on_atom ef the elernent har in 44 Len — | 6+ appears Ae _hawe volun asuent sn Ate ——} combined state with otter_atonu- : | Elements in free 0: _untombined stab, beau ——-Gn_0XIolation number ef zero: Fer example, — Hs, Ox,Ua, 03, Py, 3 Na, M9 , At ete. | charge on ite ten: fot example, i | _ Oxidation number of Nat - +) - _ Ket3 = +3 pOgee Sed @)|_Atkali_metals lave 0.No_ of +1. and of a ‘(4 | tn _srmble_ox ides, O:No: 6 Oxygen 7 Tn_petoxides “=I (Hit, _ C—————— Na2 09). | [Tn Superoxides aren th (Koy) o* on a Oe a —_oxidle—_” peroxide — Superorloe——(5)| Tn compounds of oxygen wit Hluoune, Like ——} OF, O,fa , the O'No: Of Oxygen 4 te ~— [ve tag ¢b etpectvel - | Te “O:Na 4 “teycaogen. us 41 except Lobon | th 4s bonded 4o metab: _ _ ——__}Jn_.Li, Mal ond cal, O:Ne- @ - dt): tal ONo- ef “halogens cere — | The algebaie sum of all +4 Hn oxidaten 1 fa) C an CHadr () Non (NHy), SOy eA Fay +o % =2=6 KFR=Z =O antg-2 =o | Re _ ea Oe in (Feces Jt ty oP in HgPg0g ue =s4 BGI) + an 4402) 21 ete ULL On 1443 ==) _ _ = = = an = 1Q wet——. | Some times te O-No uu mm biathon + The —— fiadreual oxidation “tate AveLagt Onidation | Atatt 8 elements | Jn such cases, fer each covalent bund | . between two dusinular atony , AMAgN An No. - ef tl to the Les electronegative ator Gd _ -l to mo clichonegatie atom For examble — WY tag toon . |p _ : Cy = 3H 4 1 CooH | oH ao Co 0-H Hit kus elachonegedive. & +4 ——._COoH more el cH negat vt. __ TE tovalent bend u between similar atonu vlad out furth_ottadud to dimilaL specter, each —_ atom 4 given an ONo of 360. aAW} S406" Ih . Tt fl SE 8 SS Or oe I] - Ts | TYPES oF REDOX REACTIONS 0) |_comBLNATION. Rx"S A 4x" ah voluich two atonu ee | eee ol cu eerie ageiee form_a_ Singh molecule 14 called combinahon . n. at By etre | (eo - 7 pees, eo 42-3 ——— Mg ee Pig, Nx ° ° #2 —-2 Fe - -_— Fe a _ = (a) | pECompost TION Rx t= A 4x” Ln_wohich a | eeeemeeeE Eppa rican | Lorm_two_et mote components U_ called _ | clecompostHon Rx® +) -2 ° ° - ~ Had —> Hat OO, oe 6 eA eee lec! e nn Ki0,; —> Ka + Op (| pIsPLAcEmeNT Rx”: A 4x In_which_an.atom ___|— Ot ten ina compound 44 | Aeplated by an_atom et ton 64 deme otter | element, 4 called Asplacement 4x2° +1 2 +124! __Na + Hao — > Nao + Ha ° _ — DISPROPORTIONATION RA” A AX" th voila = the same Species «8 Aimultaneouily oxielised as well as Aeduced U Called clupsopettronation 4x" retuelae pO =2 o Ha03 ——> H30 + Og Oxi on wl oxidation Number Method (2). | BALANCING_OF REROX REACTIONS | Hag Rx” Method | OXIDATION NUMBER METHOD :- _Diljekent skps Je ee —____ OR — a a ol tanita sta tated fpomala al eath aeadaak un and product | Identity atone vohich Undergo change 4 |_ Oxidation numbet 4 balanw them by _ —anuttiblying — voith duttable number| ___ #6 =2 44 = =e |__Crgdy + Sop —> Gi + Soy . eee +6 = TO Te SS = ie ae Qi er ac? + soe +6 7 +4 +3 +6 ye at ; | tL men than _one_atom_0{ Aarne alarmed | ib Involved , find the total 6: an -O:No. set by 3X8 =6 _ | 7 Q Ciz0y F SoS =a + SOy 46 +4 +? Fe —— 7 te ——— RB by Qo taal Antegers. Equals the total thd 0:No | mutti plying ths _fetinuila of our i ea ccleh 0307 _3s0¢_ — aero eee | Balance tte charge by adding Ht fend tothe Aequitid ticle _tn_@urelr'e_maecliam _ | Lk by adding — _OH7 Aeng Ae the aqua | aicle An baie meditum- _ 30 + seh — 2 at® + anf (ude) -6Tom = i = |, 0F + 3508+ 8Ht_ —> autt+ 350° WI] Equatine let _layduogen Atoms “on the eae — | Bielel by adeling water molecules to the -—| [ tetateed Bide - — . a7 oo Coz + + 35027 + sut—s aaty 3504 + 4H20 EE wl aril the, _cotect formula hot. “each Acatant ——j+ 4 ptpduct - se iy} “dently atom Which undergo _oxidlation : & Reduction (li) | —Divicle te equation into oo halt Rxrs | he oxidation hanna HR) and Reduction __ ——| half 4xa (RHR) = : —_ Cis0y + Oe et sok | : 46 =a +4u-2 +3. oe a Wf Baan ata clemenis oho OnaPe, tame | Gf _H30 molecule _ oe 1 - ae sf 0 ey abe 1,07" — aes + “4 had Wid Bala: a lanu diogen. adding Ht tem om toque vide SSE by adding eg OUR > $0 + yo — soe + ant ie Ost; + gH rus ¥ H30 (W)] Balan charge by adding es en scquted ack . OHR- S03 + HzO —» Soy + aH + ae- = RdRp eee CO nia ee ee HO) (vy | Equalise the number of elichons <4 bottr hal, 4x by multiplying voit Asurtalole numbet a- be oHR ~ (503 + Hao —> Sty + aH? 4 2€ js 350° + 3H20 — 350 + GHE be~ RHR > go + INH? Hoe > 2U43 44 HO (w) Add tu two hall AXS £2 (Cancel tte Common fetus 4307 “+ (aH iH C+ 3 3505 + Gnad aut 4 Hao) 3504" - GHP) +620 i307 + 35 + PHt—> Bat? + AHgot 3567 ix) | Tht above AX" 48 balanud uw audic Medium,—* | Fot basic medium add OH Aevs equal to eee me eon ote tae eke On exe EOS oF = | Gag0g 43.503 + BHT 4 CoH — aca3+ 35074 Y HO 80H _ a — 8Hgdo fy re lang + 3502 + 490 — act’s 3504 + SOH~ ti [mg + 1103 —> Pg (NOa)y + Nao t H 30 @ | Ci. + OHW —> CR” + COZ” (| Mmndy FF CaH0g => On FLO Chua) (4) |_ Mindy + CaHsOH ——9 Mnt® + cH2CooH ( » J ©] was + Ae? — > fees tut (1) | lh lULrl hr lLcrrhlLlrrhULLh ~ _ - 42 (Hl Mnby + Fe _, min + Fe @}—Py + OF HD PH + HPO “Oy NaHy do; —>3 NO Fa Coa) = a- - So WP AoA), F Hal, —> Udy F HO (haw) Unt} FO, (OH) C10,MI] wi) | 4 mg + IoHNo,—> 4 M9(N0s), + N30 +5430 3th + SO > 5U y+ do, 3H -2Mnoy + 5 GHsOy t Ht amyit4 Joo, + 2H Oy] 4 Mndy + S CoHs0H + 1IAHt— YM) 4 5 ceyCooH$ lao Has + ap? aay s 4 ant SI +105 + 6Ht-», 3 7, + 34:0 wn Mindy + 5 fet? a git —» Mt 245 Fet3 + YH:0 —@ cu] QA) 3a Hy + + “ue; —9 6NO+ Yee. + Af au + 3cOy 4 3H,0 —? 24L(OH) + 3405 Py me OH fF SH sC ls PHa 2 O(ow), + 20H + 34,02 20g + $4.0|b by 3 per atom nn is oe _[ ee v a _ (9) | Py-+ oH + H,0 —> PHs + HPO, 7 © =24+| ty 2 -3+4) +h t1-2 _ Le : + fecal oct atom “Total wv 5 3 xy = 1a | Total t = 1 xy = 4H — ee ee ~ = . — =i 7-32 ey ee Oe 10 + 204 —» PHs + 3HiPO, Py + 30H + H20 —» fH3 + 34 P0, Pu + 30H” + Hao #'2Hs0 > PHst BHPOD Pye 20K + 3Hs0 — Ps + BHsPOs” oe Tone. RR | py — Ha Pog Py PH Py HHP Og — EE | fy + BHO A Hs PO,” : |Pyt SH 30 > HH, Pox t Sut awe -_ §{{Py-+ 8 Ha — HH, Pox + 8Ht tuen) x38 ——T3 Py F 24 HO —> [2 Hr.POa t BY HadesDiv fet Roe Py > 4 PH3 Put IRHt —> Lip, Py t lant + Jmer —, y Puy BPyt AY H20 + Py Py t (aH she- —> 12 H,PO, + + Gu nderat + PH; ae oa t AU HiO —> IQ HPO + IDH Ts UPH Pu +640 —s 3 por + BHF E PH2 bac mud Cl : : Pye 32OH —> 3H,pos + 3H"+ 0H, 430K a Pu + 30H + 20 — 3 3 POX + PH a ae aan ~ eee +_Noz + ne +S 4+NO +10 _ +3 ote + ec x3 = A — 2A soy 43S ASS 244, (tat r P 2x2d= 4 } -— __Total f= Io Noz ———» NO _ = 42 - {2 by 3 pedo 1 Total v= 3 (oess Mush ply 3 Aisa tle NO ——? 6 MOF 4IS + ONO —— charge ty adding HT ( Acc Medium) ©