1. Which of the following is the correct unit for electric charge?

a) Newton
b) Coulomb
c) Joule
d) Watt
2. Coulomb's law states that the force between two charges is inversely
proportional to the ____ of the distance between them.
a) square
b) cube
c) fourth power
d) square root
3. If two charges of equal magnitude but opposite sign are placed close together,
the electric field at a point exactly halfway between them is:
a) Zero
b) Maximum
c) Same as the field due to one charge
d) Half the field due to one charge
4. The electric potential energy of a system of two charges is proportional to:
a) The square of the distance between them
b) The inverse of the distance between them
c) The product of their masses
d) The product of their charges
5. Electric field lines:
a) Start from positive and end at negative charges
b) Start from negative and end at positive charges
c) Form closed loops
d) Are always straight
6. The electric field inside a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium is:
a) Zero
b) Maximum
c) Equal to the external field
d) Varies with distance from the center
7. Two charges of +3 C and -3 C are separated by a distance. The electric potential
at the midpoint is:
a) Zero
b) Positive
c) Negative
d) Undefined
8. Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
a) Electric force
b) Electric field
c) Electric potential
d) Electric flux
9. An electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field. In which orientation is its
potential energy maximum?
a) Parallel to the field
b) Perpendicular to the field
c) Anti-parallel to the field
d) At 45 degrees to the field
10. A proton and an electron are placed in an electric field. Which of the following
statements is true?
a) They experience the same force and same acceleration
b) They experience the same force but different accelerations
c) They experience different forces but the same acceleration
d) They experience different forces and different accelerations
11. The electric potential due to a point charge at a distance r is directly
proportional to:
a) r2
b) r
c) 1/r
d) 1/r2
12. Which of the following quantities can be both positive and negative?
a) Electric field
b) Electric force
c) Electric potential
d) Charge
13. The principle of superposition is used when:
a) Calculating electric fields due to multiple charges
b) Finding the direction of an electric field
c) Calculating the magnitude of a single charge
d) Determining the sign of a charge
14. The unit of electric field strength is:
a) Newton per Coulomb (N/C)
b) Joule per Coulomb (J/C)
c) Volt per meter (V/m)
d) Both a) and c)
15. The amount of work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity to a
point in an electric field is called:
a) Electric potential
b) Electric flux
c) Electric force
d) Electric field
16. The electric flux through a surface depends on:
a) The charge enclosed by the surface
b) The size of the surface
c) The shape of the surface
d) The orientation of the surface relative to the electric field
17. Gauss's law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to:
a) The electric potential inside the surface
b) The charge enclosed by the surface
c) The mass of particles within the surface
d) The magnetic field strength
18. A charged conductor is in electrostatic equilibrium. The charge on the
conductor:
a) Resides uniformly throughout the volume
b) Resides only on the surface
c) Resides at the center of the conductor
d) Is distributed randomly
19. The electric potential at a point in space is the amount of work done in bringing
a unit positive charge:
a) From infinity to that point
b) From that point to infinity
c) In a circular path around the point
d) From the positive terminal of a battery to the point
20. The electric field just outside a charged conductor is:
a) Zero
b) Perpendicular to the surface
c) Parallel to the surface
d) Tangential to the surface
21. he work done in moving a charge between two points in an electric field depends
on:
a) The path taken
b) The speed of the charge
c) The initial and final positions only
d) The charge’s mass
22. Electric field lines never cross because:
a) They have different potentials
b) There can only be one direction of the electric field at any point
c) They represent equipotential surfaces
d) They are parallel
23. Which of the following best describes an equipotential surface?
a) A surface where the electric potential is the same at all points
b) A surface where the electric field is zero
c) A surface that is always flat
d) A surface that cannot contain charges
24. The direction of the electric field at a point is the direction of the force
experienced by:
a) A neutral object
b) A positive test charge
c) A negative test charge
d) An electron
25. An electric dipole consists of:
a) Two equal and opposite charges separated by a distance
b) Two positive charges of equal magnitude
c) Two negative charges of different magnitudes
d) A single positive charge
26. The electric potential at a point due to a group of point charges is equal to the:
a) Scalar sum of the potentials due to each charge
b) Vector sum of the potentials due to each charge
c) Scalar product of the potentials due to each charge
d) Potential of the charge closest to the point
27. The electric field inside a hollow conductor with a charge on its surface is:
a) Zero
b) Equal to the field outside the conductor
c) Maximum at the center
d) Depends on the shape of the conductor
28. The electric flux through a closed surface surrounding a point charge depends
on:
 a) The size of the surface
b) The magnitude of the charge
c) The distance of the surface from the charge
d) Both b) and c)
29. When a conductor is connected to the positive terminal of a battery:
a) Electrons move from the positive terminal to the conductor
b) Electrons move from the conductor to the positive terminal
c) Electrons move from the conductor to the negative terminal
d) Protons move from the conductor to the positive terminal
30. The capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor depends on:
a) The charge on the plates
b) The distance between the plates
c) The material between the plates
d) Both b) and c)
31. Which of the following statements is true about electric potential energy?
a) It depends only on the charge and not the position
b) It depends on the configuration of charges
c) It is always positive
d) It is always negative
32. The SI unit of capacitance is:
a) Farad
b) Coulomb
c) Volt
d) Newton
33. The potential difference between two points in an electric field is defined as:
a) The electric force between them
b) The work done per unit charge in moving a charge between them
c) The total charge between the points
d) The resistance between the points
34. If the distance between two point charges is halved, the electric force between
them becomes:
a) Half as strong
b) Twice as strong
c) Four times as strong
d) One fourth as strong
35. An electron moves in the direction of an electric field. What happens to its
potential energy?
a) It increases
b) It decreases
c) It remains the same
d) It depends on the magnitude of the field
36. The potential at a point inside a hollow spherical conductor with a charge on its
surface is:
a) Zero
b) Equal to the potential on the surface
c) Less than the potential on the surface
d) Depends on the radius of the conductor
37. A positive charge is placed in an electric field. The direction of the force on it is:
a) Opposite to the field
b) Perpendicular to the field
 c) In the direction of the field
d) Tangential to the field
38. The electric field due to a point charge is given by:
a) E=k⋅q⋅r
b) E=k⋅q/r
c) E=k⋅q/r2
d) E=k⋅q2 /r2
39. Two charges of +Q+Q+Q and −Q-Q−Q are separated by a distance d. The
electric field at a point midway between them is:
a) Zero
b) 2kQ/d2
c) kQ/d
d) kQd2
40. A capacitor stores energy in the form of:
a) Electric current
b) Electric field
c) Electric potential
d) Electric power
41. The capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor is directly proportional to:
a) The distance between the plates
b) The area of the plates
c) The potential difference between the plates
d) The thickness of the plates
42. Which of the following materials is typically used as a dielectric in a capacitor?
a) Aluminum
b) Water
c) Glass
d) Copper
43. If the charge on a capacitor is doubled, the energy stored in the capacitor
becomes:
a) Half
b) Double
c) Four times
d) Unchanged
44. The electric field inside a conductor under electrostatic conditions is:
a) Uniform and non-zero
b) Zero
c) Equal to the field outside
d) Proportional to the charge density
45. A capacitor is connected to a battery and is fully charged. If the battery is
disconnected, what happens to the charge on the capacitor?
a) It remains the same
b) It decreases
c) It increases
d) It becomes zero
46. The capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor can be increased by:
a) Increasing the distance between the plates
b) Decreasing the area of the plates
c) Placing a dielectric between the plates
d) Increasing the thickness of the plates
47. When an electric field is applied to a conductor, free electrons inside the
conductor move:
a) Against the field direction
b) Along the field direction
c) In a circular motion
d) Randomly
48. Which of the following statements about electric field lines is correct?
a) They can start from a negative charge
b) They can end at a positive charge
c) They never form closed loops
d) They can intersect each other
49. The work done in moving a charge in a uniform electric field is independent of:
a) The path taken by the charge
b) The magnitude of the charge
c) The displacement of the charge
d) The electric field strength
50. A parallel-plate capacitor with a dielectric between the plates has a capacitance
C. If the dielectric is removed, the capacitance becomes:
a) Greater than C
b) Less than C
c) Equal to C
d) Zero
51. When a charged particle moves perpendicular to an electric field, the work done
on the particle by the electric field is:
a) Zero
b) Positive
c) Negative
d) Dependent on the magnitude of the charge
52. If a metal sphere is given a positive charge, the charge will:
a) Distribute uniformly over the surface
b) Stay at the center
c) Accumulate at the bottom of the sphere
d) Be concentrated at one point
53. Why is electric potential considered a scalar quantity?
a) It has only direction
b) It does not depend on the magnitude of charge
c) It has only magnitude and no direction
d) It changes with position
54. An electric field is said to be conservative. This means that:
a) The work done around a closed path is zero
b) The work done depends on the path taken
c) The electric field strength varies over time
d) It has a constant direction
55. A negatively charged rod is brought near, but not touching, a neutral metal
sphere. The side of the sphere facing the rod will:
a) Become positively charged
b) Become negatively charged
c) Remain neutral
d) Repel the rod
56. Two charged particles are placed a certain distance apart and experience a force
F. If the charge on both particles is doubled, the force between them will be:
a) F2\frac{F}{2}2F
b) FFF
c) 2F2F2F
d) 4F4F4F
57. The purpose of a dielectric material in a capacitor is to:
a) Conduct electricity
b) Increase the potential difference between the plates
c) Decrease the capacitance
d) Increase the capacitance
58. A proton and an electron are released from rest in a uniform electric field. They
move in opposite directions. Which of the following statements is true?
a) The electron accelerates faster
b) The proton accelerates faster
c) Both accelerate at the same rate
d) Neither accelerates
59. Why does a charged balloon stick to a wall?
a) The wall and balloon have the same charge
b) The balloon induces an opposite charge on the wall
c) The wall has a neutral charge that repels the balloon
d) The balloon transfers its charge to the wall
60. The electric field at the surface of a charged conductor is always perpendicular
to the surface because:
a) Electric field lines prefer straight paths
b) Charges reside inside the conductor
c) Any parallel component would cause the movement of charges
d) The conductor’s shape dictates this behavior