ENGINE FAULT DIAGNOSIS AND TROUBLE

SHOOTING
Main servicing areas of the engine involves

 Broken, missing and  Cleanliness  leaks

loose parts  Air cleaner
 Loose and corroded  Oil level
connections  Fuel
 PROBLEM: ENGINE DOES NOT START
1. CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION
# FAULT/SYMPTOMS POSSIBLE CAUSES/DETAILS OF THE CAUSE REMEDIES
1. Valve not closing Valves stuck open Service guide
Warped valve Replace valve
Burnt valve
Cracked valve
Valve broken
Pitted valve
Bent valve
Broken valve spring Replace valve spring
2. Incorrect valve timing Misalignment of timing marks Align the timing marks
No valve clearance Adjust
3. Non-functioning piston Piston head blown Replace piston
Broken connecting rod Replace connecting rod

2. CAUSE: LOW COMPRESSION

1. Valve not closing Carbon or dirt on valve seat clean
Warped valve head or head seat Replace
Worn out valve seat or face Reface or replace
Weak valve spring Check tension and replace
2. Burnt valve or seat Poor contact between valve seat and valve face Grind valve face and seat
worn out valve seat or valve face Replace
Worn out valve guide Replace
3. Compression rings broken Lack of oil Add more oil
Worn out rings Replace
4. Cylinder head worn out Oil grade Use correct oil
Lack of oil Add oil
Overheating Service cooling system
Rich mixture Adjust carburetor
Cylinder head warped Overheating Service cooling system
Blow-by Step-torque
3. CAUSE: FUEL FAILURE
1. Clogged fuel tube Dirty fuel Drain
Collapsed tube Replace
2. No fuel in carburetor No fuel in tank Fill the tank
Clogged fuel filter Clean, replace filter
Closed fuel tap Open the tap
Damaged fuel tap Repair or replace
Clogged fuel line Clean
Broken fuel line Replace
Inlet needle valve stuck open Replace
3. Carburetor flooded Needle valve stuck open Check and clean needle seat assembly
Adjust float drop
Punctured float check and replace if punctured float
Worn out needle valve and seat assembly Check and replace
Choke valve stuck closed Open choke valve
4. No charge to the cylinder Clogged air cleaner Clean and replace element
Blocked carburetor passages Clean passages
Carburetor throttle valve not opening Check the throttle governor linkages and open the
throttle

4. CAUSE: IGNITION FAILURE

1. No sparks Shorted spark-plug electrodes Adjust or replace the spark plug
Broken electrodes Replace spark plug
High tension lead broken Check and replace
Faulty coil Replace the coil
Faulty contact breaker points, broken, worn out Clean and adjust or replace
Breaker point cam Check and replace the contact breaker point cam
Defective capacitor Replace
2. Weak spark Incorrect breaker point gap Adjust the gap
Defective spark plug Replace spark plug
Dirty contact breaker points Clean the points
Defective condenser Replace
Pitted contact breaker points Replace point and capacitor
 Burnt contact breaker point spring tension Replace contact breaker points
Weak breaker point spring tension Replace the spring
Defective coil Replace
Incorrect air gap Adjust the gap
Weak permanent magnet Replace
Defective high tension lead Replace
Defective starter mechanism Check and repair

5. CAUSE: DEFECTIVE EXHAUST SYSTEM

1. Exhaust port blocked Excessive carbon deposit Remove the deposits
Foreign body Remove
2. Blocked silencer Excessive carbon deposits Clean tap to remove the carbon deposits

PROBLEM: ENGINE HARD TO START

A) CAUSE: LOW COMPRESSION
# FAULT/SYMPTOMS POSSIBLE CAUSES/DETAILS OF THE CAUSE REMEDIES
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B) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION

C) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION

D) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION
E) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION

PROBLEM: ENGINE DOES NOT START

F) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION
 # FAULT/SYMPTOMS POSSIBLE CAUSES/DETAILS OF THE CAUSE REMEDIES
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G) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION
H) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION

I) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION

J) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION
 PROBLEM: ENGINE DOES NOT START
K) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION
# FAULT/SYMPTOMS POSSIBLE CAUSES/DETAILS OF THE CAUSE REMEDIES
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L) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION

M) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION

N) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION
O) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION

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PROBLEM: ENGINE DOES NOT START

P) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION
# FAULT/SYMPTOMS POSSIBLE CAUSES/DETAILS OF THE CAUSE REMEDIES
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Q) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION

R) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION
S) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION

T) CAUSE: NO COMPRESSION