BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

The tourism sector has grown to be a crucial factor in the development

of a country's economy. Wage creation and the average age of occupations are

two of the most important benefits of the tourism sector. It is the primary

source of government assistance in some localities and countries. The tourism

industry provides numerous benefits to both tourists and host destinations. In

comparison to several more destructive operations for creating pay both

publicly and secretly, it's anything but a good option for a large scale. So, the

tourism sector encompasses many different regions. It creates jobs in many

different places. Inns, restaurants, car rental companies, tour companies,

administration stations, souvenir shops, athletic equipment rentals, and various

other services are all associated with the tourism sector. As a result, individuals

in a given local area might expect a wide variety of different types of

employment. If properly utilized, the tourism industry's production of income

can be extremely beneficial to the host country and its surrounding networks.

The money generated by the travel industry can be used at the public and

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neighborhood level to improve training, develop foundations, fund preservation

efforts, and advance a more conscious tourism industry.

In the Philippines, the tourism sector plays an vital role in its economy.

The country brags of rich regular excellence in its numerous terrific seashores,

bright climate and rich bio-variety. More than that, the Philippines' interesting

and complex culture, as exemplified by its people, food, and way of life, draws

in numerous individuals to visit the country. The Philippines' tourism industry

is a massive wellspring of the country's GDP consistently. As far as the tourism

industry area GDP share in Asia, the Philippines' offer was one of the greatest

positionings. In the previous year, however, the COVID-19 pandemic had

upset the travel industry market's inventory network bringing about a financial

slump for the Philippines.

The COVID-19 scenario, which has been termed a "dark swan" event,

has resulted in massive damage all around the world as a result of the fatalities.

The spread of the virus has had a significant impact on the tourism industry,

since many countries have imposed travel restrictions in an attempt to contain

its spread. As a result of the outbreak, many countries and districts have

imposed isolation, section bans, or other restrictions on inhabitants or current

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explorers in the worst-affected areas. Other nations have imposed worldwide

limitations that apply to all distant countries and domains, or have prohibited

their citizens from traveling overseas.

The world has seen a number of big pestilences or pandemics and it has

a huge impact on the tourism industry, none had comparative ramifications for

the worldwide economy as the Coronavirus pandemic. However despite the

fact that the economy has been shaken by major pandemics, tourism has

always been seen as a safe bet. This means that, while other sectors of the

economy contracted as a result of rising uncertainties or shocks, tourism has

continued to grow without interruption, a positive trend that has established it

as the industry that produces the most in comparison to the average recorded

by the other sectors that make up global economic activity. As a result, several

countries have expanded their tourism investments, launching various

campaigns and strategies to promote the attractiveness of their essential tourist

sites.

Several pandemics have affected tourism demand, including economic

recession, environmental degradation, and political instability. Some situations

necessitate a quick recovery to maintain tourist services and activities.

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However, the current COVID-19 pandemic is tough to handle and necessitates

long-term survival strategies, similar to the Ebola-related tourism pandemic.

Furthermore, they advocated for a post-crisis tourism recovery strategy and

underlined the importance of a macro-level plan to give recommendations for

pandemic management in the tourism industry.

The tourism industry has a different capacity to engage in its own

future. If it wants to have an impact, it should focus on providing high-quality,

cost-effective experiences and putting customers first. When travel continues in

the post-pandemic world, making objections and establishing milestones will

not look good. Even with restrictive and constantly changing travel passages, it

may be difficult, but the tourism industry has little choice but to rebuild events

around our needs and demands.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The main objective of this study is to determine the recovery of

Philippine tourism from the disaster caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic. This

study focuses on how tourism in the Philippines is adapting to the post-

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pandemic challenges. This research also focuses on strategies and long-term

approaches to overcome challenges in the post-pandemic era. Furthermore, this

study shows how tourism is valuable to the economy of the Philippines. Thus,

it needs to provide a long-term solution to the challenges due to the Covid-19

outbreak.

Assessing Philippine tourism in the post-pandemic era is exceptionally

rare in the existing literature. There was a lack of local literature, and it was

difficult to find significant research publications that addressed Philippine

tourism's adaptation to post-pandemic challenges. However, multiple UNWTO

and WTTC reports have highlighted tourism in the post-pandemic era. As a

result, this study's main contribution to the existing literature is the addition of

new and vital linkages between the traveler's assessment and recovery of the

tourism sector in the Philippines, which is the least addressed subject in the

local literature due to data scarcity.

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This research aimed to determine The Assessment on Philippine

Tourism in the Post Pandemic Era. This study contributes to tourism in the

Philippines and helps develop the country's economic, social and

environmental growth. Furthermore, this will show the importance of

Philippine Tourism in the Post Pandemic Era.

This study sought answers to the following questions:

1. How does the Philippines Tourism recover after the disaster due to the

Covid-19?

2. How does Philippine Tourism adapt to the challenges in the post-

pandemic era?

3. What are the challenges that Covid-19 produced in the Philippine

tourism?

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HYPOTHESIS

In order to recover the Philippine Tourism from the disaster brought by

COVID-19, the Tourism sector should be open and adaptable to the changes

happening.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

This study will assess the situation of Philippine tourism in the post-

pandemic era, the researcher will focus on the recovery and what will be the

challenges and future of tourism in the Philippines. The study will be

conducted in Bestlink College of the Philippines in which the target

respondents are those currently enrolled in the school year 2021-2022.

This study also interpret the assessment of the respondents on the

Philippine tourism that can be a basis in creating a program for rehabilitation of

tourism sector in the Philippines.

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SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of this study was to determine the The Assessment on

Philippine Tourism in the Post Pandemic Era. This study will be beneficial to

the following group of people:

Administration - It is also beneficial for the school administration to

add more books to the library to provide new information for new researchers

who conduct applied research.

Local Tourist - The results of the study are anticipated to contribute to

knowledge on local tourist and tourism in the Philippines.

Teachers will give more knowledge about the Tourism Students'

Assessment on Local Tourism Sustainability in Times of Pandemic. They may

use this for teaching and give the student a point of view on how important it

is.

Student - It will guide what Tourism Students think about Local

Tourism Sustainability in Times of Pandemic.

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Future Research - It may serve as a reasonable basis for researchers as

a tool for enhancing their knowledge of how to develop research.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

One of the first things to do in research is to define important words or

terms. This is to know their meaning and for you to communicate the said

meaning to your readers.

The following terms will be defined either conceptually or

operationally:

Adaptable - able to adjust to new conditions.

Assessment - is the systematic basis for making inferences about the

learning and development of students. It is the process of defining, selecting,

designing, collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and using information to increase

students' learning and development.

Challenges - The situation of being faced with something that needs

great mental or physical or financial effort in order to be done successfully.

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Covid-19 - is a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus. 'CO'

stands for corona, 'VI' for virus, and 'D' for disease. Formerly, this disease was

referred to as '2019 novel coronavirus' or '2019-nCoV.

Pandemic - defined as "an epidemic occurring worldwide, or over a

very wide area, crossing international boundaries and usually affecting a large

number of people".

Tourism - is the activities of people traveling to and staying in places

outside their usual environment for leisure, business or other purposes for not

more than one consecutive year.

Recovery - the action or process of regaining possession or control of

something stolen or lost.

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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

The aim of this chapter is to provide theoretical background for the

study Philippine tourism in the post pandemic era through a review of relevant

studies and literature carried out both in the Philippines and elsewhere. The

studies and literature review will help in positioning the proposed study and the

contribution the study will have in the academic context.

LOCAL

The Philippines' tourism industry is a significant source of the country's

GDP throughout the years. In terms of tourism sector GDP share in Asia, the

Philippines' share was one of the highest-ranking. In the past year, though, the

COVID-19 pandemic had disrupted the tourism market's supply chain resulting

in an economic downturn for the Philippines. This year, the Philippines'

tourism industry has created major strategies and plan for domestic traveling in

the new normal to keep tourism alive and going with the closure of

international borders. (Sanchez, 2021).

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Meanwhile, an article published in 2021 entitled "How does the

Philippines envision tourism after the pandemic?" While 2020 proved to be a

challenging year for tourism, the Philippines' push to encourage domestic

travel and staycations could provide a short-term cushion. Meanwhile, efforts

to improve infrastructure and adjust to the new normal are readying hotels, tour

operators and other service providers for the eventual return of international

guests, expected in 2021.

According to Guinto (2020), Now that Covid-19 drives tourists to think

about their health and safety first, tourist spots must listen to these future

customers. Tourist places must do over and beyond what is required by the

guidelines of the department of tourism. On the other hand, Department of

tourism will promote multi-destination and summer packages as soon as the

outbreak calms down to recuperate the lost revenues. The department has been

working closely with major airlines in an attempt to introduce more discounted

accommodation rates, marked-down prices for domestic flights, and value-

added tour packages (Dollanganger, 2020).

According to Rapler (2020), Advanced measures may include

investing in infection control facilities such as widespread availability of

disinfectants and improved ventilation, redesigning public spaces to allow

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greater social distancing, and utilizing innovative and science-informed

technologies for contact tracing and testing. In addition, this COVID-19

moment also provides an opportunity to revisit local tourism plans and

redesign specific tourist locations using a strong public health lens. The goal

must be that once the pandemic is over, our tourist destinations are not just

coronavirus-free; they are also positively contributing to the health of both

people and the planet in the long run.

Furthermore, In the post-Covid era, the Philippines seems to have the

potential to be a global leader in solid and cost-effective travel. For the longest

period of time, hygiene has never been a priority in the handling of passenger

complaints or in the management of the domestic and international travel

business in general. Covid-19 reminds people that health should be a priority in

post-pandemic travel strategic planning Because after all, the travel industry

thrives only when there are healthy people on a healthy earth.

Subsequently, as per Mendoza (2020), in the pandemic recovery phase,

the Philippine government should enhance affordable access to healthcare and

revisit the public-private balance in healthcare provision. Health services have

been identified as a sunrise industry for the Philippine economy. Health

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reforms in response to the current pandemic, if properly designed, can act as a

driver of broader economic development. It could also send a signal to

investors that the Philippines will be much more resilient to future health

shocks.

As a result of the COVID-19 experience, more grounded and complete

structures for medical treatment and social assurance are recommended, which

expand on and match the degree of social engagement in countries.

For instance, existing business models may have become obsolete,

thereby needing adjustments and re-assessments. While travel restrictions

remain, transition tourism takes place. Crucial at this period is considering

travelers' perceptions and sentiments. Following the findings in the various

surveys conducted, travelers are expected to engage in tourism activities with

health and safety as their priority, which further suggests their preference

towards natural areas and uncrowded destinations, digital travel, and

customised experiences (Gutierrez et al., 2020).

Finally, for Del Rosario and Baraero-Era (2020), plans for tourism

recovery should also emphasize cooperation and resilience through systematic

adaptation and transformation thus, tourism resilience will depend on the

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governments' good governance and transparency as its actions and decisions

are crucial in handling this health crisis. For instance, governments' travel

policy will form the people's travel behavior in relation to health, safety and

security. Moreover Travel and tourism has endured wars and catastrophic

events in the past, and with effective resilient strategies, we are bound to

recover from this pandemic.

In the end, the challenges brought about by the current health crisis that

we are experiencing should not deter us from fulfilling our mission to ensure

that the industry is seamless, secure, safe, inclusive and sustainable (Puyat,

2020).

FOREIGN

Tourism is among the industries that have been hit hardest by the

COVID-19 crisis. A study conducted by Assaf and Scuder (2020) Notably,

the tourism industry has faced several scenarios in the past. However, the

present crisis has been one of the most damaging. This industry will not look

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the same post-pandemic, and both the industry and the government have a role

to play in the recovery efforts.

According to Yeh, (2020) the government plays a major role in the

fight against COVID-19 on many levels, such as the recovery of the economy,

which includes the tourism industry. Because there are many local

governments, it is important to have open communication to build rapport and

a good working relationship. Furthermore, tourism-related businesses should

try to weather the storm. There are many government-sponsored loans

available with no interest to help businesses get through this turbulent time.

Shutting down a business or laying off employees could cause devastating

consequences for the entire country.

The tourism industry has commonly appeared to be the sector most

affected by extreme crises. However, a study entitled "THE FUTURE OF

TRAVEL & TOURISM IN THE WAKE OF COVID-19", the crisis has

provided an opportunity for change in the sector and hopefully enhanced

readiness for future crises. To ensure future preparedness and alignment across

the sector, governments should strengthen their engagement with the private

sector, sharing key learnings from this crisis, jointly defining and implementing

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measures for future crisis mitigation and implementing a modus operandi on

how to better collaborate on issues relating to resilience. (Wyman, 2020).

Also, while the road ahead may appear uncertain, we anticipate that the

challenges along the way can and will be converted into opportunities by the

travel & tourism sector. The sector will pivot, stretch, and adapt and ultimately

return stronger.

Indeed, the tourism sector has consistently bounced back, emerging

more grounded and soaring in the long run. The Covid-19 pandemic has

created a new dilemma that will require new approaches to effectively manage.

One should not forget that the Covid-19 is not the black death plague.

Subsequently, in the post-pandemic period, the biggest challenge will be for

the tourism and hospitality industry to restore the trust of international and

domestic tourists. As a result, creating a safe and clean environment could be

one of the strategies for regaining tourist trust.

According to Radiani et al. (2021), the tourism industry needs to pay

attention to tourist preferences after the pandemic. Tourists pay attention to

cleanliness and health in all aspects. The tourism industry needs to develop and

improve health protocols. Furthermore, as per Abbas et al. (2021), the tourism

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industry should consider starting renovations of hotels, improving staff quality,

simplifying the sale of tour groups and customer registration, and moving to

digital technology. Particular attention should be paid to family entertainment:

special programs for children and adolescents, the development of appropriate

menus, entertainment systems, etc. Future pandemics are likely to recover

fully, so tourism must first provide high-quality sanitation measures. In regard

to this result according to Andreis (2020) that several studies on the

repositioning of accommodation facilities during the SARS pandemic in

eastern countries have revealed that, following the health crisis, the facilities

that focused more on sanitizing and cleaning their environments recovered

market share more quickly.

Moreover, according to Antón and Almeida (2020) that the hospitality

industry should be focused on building trust with tourists, reinforcing their

brand and adapting their operations to the so-called "new normal". Those

strategies could be valuable in this period and in the near future when the

pandemic is controlled. Considering this result, as per (Mohamed et al, 2020),

it is time to take a step forward and explore alternative ways of breaking out of

the simple perception of healing. We must design a framework to curb the

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cycles of social, economic, and environmental violence and inequality.

Tourism necessitates a structure that represents precisely the right notions to

guide tourism research and practice.

Afterwards, the study (Sharma et al, 2021) stated that the tourism

sector may end up evolving in a much more sustainable way post-pandemic.

The involvement of local communities is going to be immensely critical in this

journey, as the restrictions on international travel may last longer than

anticipated. Such developments would widen not only the base of the tourism

industry but also present opportunities for less-developed tourism spots to grow

further. Large-scale tourism players will need a reboot to survive in the post-

pandemic times. However, according to (Hussain and Forné, 2021), the

recovery of the tourism industry will be determined by how resilient people are

at grass-root levels. The more resilient tourism-related jobs and businesses are,

the more resilient the industry is. People affiliated with tourism often look for a

quick and easy opportunity to generate income, making them vulnerable when

tourism stops. Furthermore, the tourism industry needs to learn how to absorb

and manage shocks and crises with local stakeholders' participation. Recovery

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should serve as an antidote.Since the first stages of the return of tourism are

very recent, the industry will need to evolve with the virus.

Eventually, Strielkowski, (2021) Globalisation and the technological

revolution have already provided us with many useful tools that should now be

effectively deployed to pave the way to post-viral tourism and travel. Efforts

need to be made by governments and politicians to promote these tools and

these technology-based solutions and to make people trust them and to use

them on a wide scale. Subsequently, one of the effective recovery strategies for

tourism organisations in the post-viral world might be allowing people with

antibodies against the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus to travel freely with some

form of confirmation of their health status. Airlines, hotels, and spas should be

the first to offer them various discounts and packages.

Furthermore, in the year 2020, a study titled "IMPACT OF COVID-19

ON TOURISM IN KENYA, THE MEASURES TAKEN, AND THE

RECOVERY PATHWAYS" stated that consideration should be given to the

following strategies: more marketing and promotion campaigns; infrastructure

development and improvement; diversification of tourism products and

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markets; strong partnerships and collaboration; image re-building and

destination marketing

As has been noted, solutions will vary by country, and the speed and

extent of recovery will, of course, be influenced by global events. However,

there is a significant opportunity to be taken advantage of. Aside from reducing

the pandemic's immediate damage, countries will need to establish a "new

normal" for the tourism industry.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Figure 1 describe the conceptual framework of the study wherein the

input is consisting the following: How does the Philippine tourism recover

after the disaster due to the Covid-19, How does the Philippine tourism adopt

the new challenges in the post pandemic era, and What are the challenges that

Covid-19 produced in the philippine tourism.

On the other side, the process being used is through questionnaire,

survey and statistical treatment such as slovin, pearson product moment of

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correlation and t-test. The output is, In order to recover the Philippine Tourism

in the disaster that brought by COVID-19, the Tourism sector should be open

and adoptable in the changes happening.

The researcher want to assess the future of Philippine tourism in which

examine the relationship between travelers assessment and recovery of tourism

in the Philippines. A basis in creating a program for rehabilitation of Philippine

tourism sector. The table shows how the researchers researched, surveyed and

solved the thesis statement.

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INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

How does the

Philippines
Tourism recover Conduct survey to
after the disaster selected In order to
due to the Covid- respondents recover the
19? Philippine
Tourism in the
Gathering data disaster that
How does the from the survey
Philippine brought by
tourism adopt the COVID-19, the
new challenges in Analysis and Tourism sector
the post pandemic interpretation of should be open
era? Data and adoptable in
the changes
make this happening.
What are the
challenges that comprehensive
Covid-19 pls. it might be
produced in the good if you will
philippine add the the proper
tourism? collecting data
process.

Figure I. Research Paradigm

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CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the process which will be used in collecting the

data necessary in answering the main and the specific problems stated in

Chapter 1. It includes research design, respondents of the study, sampling

techniques, instrument used in the study, validation of the research instrument,

construction of the instrument and the statistical treatment of data used.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The correlational method of research will be used in this study.

Correlational method is a fact finding study with adequate and accurate

interpretation of the findings. It is trying to determine if there is a relation

between the Travelers assessment and Recovery of Philippine tourism.

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LOCALE OF THE STUDY

This study was conducted at Bestlink College of the Philippines, this

place was selected for knowing the assessment on Philippine tourism in the

post-pandemic era; this study was implemented on the third-year college

students. Bestlink College of the Philippines is a higher education platform that

provides quality education with the best programs founded by the owner and

president of the school Ms. Maria M. Vicente.

POPULATION AND SAMPLING

The respondents of the study will be the Third year college students of

Bestlink College of the Philippines. They will be accomplishing a set up of

questionaire regarding Philippine tourism in the post pandemic era. The total

population of the students is 100.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE OF THE STUDY

To get needed data for the specific questions stated in the statement of

the problem, the researchers used the Random Sampling. Random sampling is

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a method that allows for sample selection to be randomized, meaning that each

sample has the same chance of being chosen as a representative of the full

population as other samples.

INSTRUMENT USED IN THE STUDY

The major tool used in the assessment was a survey questionnaire. The

most common approach for gathering data from subjects is to conduct a survey.

This is because it is normally conservative, has standardized questions, may

ensure obscurity, and questions can be prepared for a specific goal.

The questionaire will be composed of three parts. Part I is all about

how does the Philippines Tourism recover after the disaster due to the Covid-

19. Part II How does the Philippine tourism adopt the new challenges in the

post pandemic era. Part III covers what are the challenges that Covid-19

produced in the philippine tourism. Questionnaires were sent out to students for

completion via google forms. The researchers requested fifty (50) respondents

from third year college students and received questionnaires. The students

spent thirty minutes in completing the questionnaires.

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The following will be catergorization and quantification of the

following variables of the study:

For the profile of the respondents, frequency counts with their

frequency percentage will be use. For the respondents overall assessment, five

scales of quality will be employed: 5 for strongly agree, 4 for agree, 3 for

moderate agree, 2 for disagree, and 1 for strongly disagree.

VALIDATION OF THE INSTRUMENTS

The instrument used in conducting the research was validated by the

research adviser. After the revisions made, the questionnaire is pre-tested to

random third year college students in Bestlink College of the Philippines who

are not scope of the study. The mistakes sent to the researchers and made some

revisions. The questionnaire is ready to use as instruments of the study.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

After the validation of the instrument, the researchers will ask

permission to conduct the study from the administrators of Bestlink College of

the Philippines through letter request.After given permission, the researchers

collected the data by means of survey questionnaire. After selection of the

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respondent, the research starts to give the survey questions to the respondent

who meets the criteria. The researchers explained the purpose of the study to

the selected respondents and then they made sure each participant corresponds.

Precise instructions will be given to the respondents to avoid dicrepancies of

data retrieved. After all the retrieval of data, totalling and interpretation of data

gathered will me made.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

The researchers used the frequency and percentage method in getting

the total results of the study. Individual responses were tallied before they were

put in tables ready for the statistical treatment.

Frequency Count (f) and Percentage (%). Describe the respondents-

related factors;

Mean (x̅ ) is used to determine the assessment on Philippine tourism in

the post pandemic era.

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Pearson Product Moment of correlation (rxy) measures the relationship

between the travelers assessment and recovery of Philippine tourism.

t – Test (t) determines the significant relationship between variables and

used to test the hypothesis, and Statistical Formulas Used

Percentage

%= f/N(100)

%= Percentage

f= frequency

N= Sample size

Mean (Ungrouped Data) Mean (Grouped Data)

∑x ∑ x (f )
x= x=
n n

x̅ = values

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f= Frequency

n= Number of cases or issues

Pearson Product Moment of Correlation

n(∑ xy )−( ∑ x)(∑ y )

rxy=
√¿¿¿

rxy = Pearson Correlation Coefficient

x = Independent Variable

y = Dependent Variable

n = Sample

T-Test for inferences about Correlation Effect

t= (r√ (n-2))/√ (1-r²)

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r = Correlation Coefficient from rxy

t = Computed Value

n = Number of respondents

df = n – 2df = Degrees of freedom

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