6.

Plant-Water Relation
 1-Mark Questions
1)Why water acts as a thermal buffer?
Ans = Water has high specific heat, high heat of
vaporization and high heat of fusion, due to this it
acts as a thermal buffer.
2)Define: Root hair.
Ans = The cytoplasmic extension (prolongation) of
the epiblema cell is called ‘root hair'.
3)Define: Gravitational Water.
Ans = The water which percolates deep in the soil,
due to gravity is called ‘Gravitational Water'.
4)Define: Hygroscopic Water.
Ans = Fine soil particles imbibe/absorb water and
hold it very tightly, this is called ‘Hygroscopic
Water'.
5)Define: Combined Water.
Ans = Water present in the form of hydrated oxides
of silicon, aluminum, etc., is called ‘Combined
Water'.
6)Define: Capillary Water.
Ans = Some amount of water is held in pores
present between the neighbouring soil particles,
due to capillarity. This is called capillary water
which is available for absorption.
7)What is the composition of inner layer of root
hair?
Ans = Outer layer of root hair is composed of
pectin.
8)From which type of cells, root hair is originated?
Ans = The inner layer of root hair is made up of
cellulose.
 2-Mark Questions
1)Why water is called as ‘Elixir of Life' ?
Ans =
i. Water is in liquid form at room temperature
and is the best solvent for most of the
solutes.
ii. In pure form, it is the inert inorganic
compound with neutral pH, due to this water
is the best transporting medium for dissolved
minerals and food molecules.
iii. It is an essential raw material for
photosynthesis.
 iv. Due to high surface tension and high
adhesive and cohesive force, it can easily
rise in the capillaries.
This is why water is called as ‘Elixir Of Life'.
2)What are the different types of water?
Ans = The different types of water present in soil
can be classified as :
i. Gravitational Water : The water which develops
percolates deep in the soil, due to gravity is
known as ‘Gravitational Water'.
ii. Hygroscopic Water : This water refers to the
thin film of water that tightly adheres to soil
particles due to adsorption forces.
iii. Combined Water : Water present in the form of
hydrated oxides of silicon, aluminum, etc., is
known as ‘Combined Water'.
iv. Capillary Water : This water refers to tge
moisture that is retained to the soil and is held
around the soil particles by capillary forces.
This type of water is essential for plant growth
as it us the primary source of water available
to plant roots.
3)In which forms water is available to roots for
absorption?
Ans = Some amount of water is held in pores
present between the neighbouring soil particles,
due to capillarity. This is called capillary water
which is available for adsorption.
4)Explain the different properties of water.
Ans = Properties of Water :
i. Water is the liquid form at room temperature
and is the best solvent for most of the solutes.
ii. It is the best aqueous medium for all
biochemical reactions occuring in the cells.
iii. It is an essential raw material for
photosynthesis.
iv. Water molecules have good adhesive and
cohesive forces of attraction.

 3-Mark Questions
1)Write a note on the morphological structure of
the root.
Ans = A typical root of terrestrial plants has four
regions from the apex to the base of the root.
These are :
1.Region of cell division: This is a meristematic
region which lies at the tip of the root, where
the division of cell occurs.
 2.Region of cell elongation: Cells of this region
undergo elongation, as a result, the length of
the root increases.
3.Region of absorption: This is the region of
water absorption and bears root hairs. Root
hairs absorb water and mineral salts from the
soil.
4.Region of maturation: Cells of this region
undergo maturation and from different types of
tissues.
2)Which root can act as a water absorbing organ?
Ans =
1.A typical root of a terrestrial plant shows the
presence of four regions viz. region of cell
division, region of cell elongation, region of
absorption, and region of maturation.
2.The region of absorption is responsible for the
absorption of water due to presence of root
hairs, (it is the cytoplasmic extension of
epiblema cells).
3.The water held in pores present between the
neighbouring soil particles, due to capillarity
(capillary water) is available for absorption.

 4-Mark Question
1)Describe the Structure of root hair in brief.
Ans =
i. Root hair is a cytoplasmic extension
(prolongation) of epiblema cell.
ii. Each root hair may be approximately 1 to
10 hmm long and tube-like structure.
iii. It is colourless, unbranched, short-lived
(ephemeral), and very delicate.
iv. It has a large central vacuole surrounded
by a thin film of cytoplasm, plasma
membrane, and thin cell wall, which is two-
layered.
v. Outer layer is composed of pectin and the
inner layer is made up of cellulose.
vi. Cell wall of a root hair is freely permeable
but the plasma membrane is selectively
permeable.
(2) Draw a neat labelled diagram of Root hair.)
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