13

WAVES
WAVES 137

EXERCISE – 1: BASIC OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

7. A sinusoidal travelling wave is described by
Introduction and Classification of Waves
y (x, t) = a sin (kx – t + ), where y(x, t) is the
1. The minimum distance between the two points having displacement as a function of position x and time t.
the same phase is: With reference to the above equation, match the items
(a) wavelength of the wave (b) amplitude of the wave in Column-I with terms in Column-II and choose the
(c) wave number (d) frequency of the wave correct option from the codes given below.
2. The distance travelled by the wave pattern in the time Column-I Column-I
required for one full oscillation by any constituent of (A) a denotes 1. Angular frequency of the
the medium is equal to: wave
(a) wavelength of the wave (B)  denotes 2. Angular wave number
(b) amplitude of the wave (C) k denotes 3. Amplitude of the wave
(c) wave number of the wave (D)  denotes 4. Initial phase angle at
(d) both (a) and (b) x = 0, t = 0
3. The path difference between the two waves Codes
 2 x  A B C D
y1  a1 sin   t  and
   (a) 3 2 4 1
 2 x  (b) 3 2 1 4
y2  a2 cos   t     is (c) 3 1 2 4
  
(d) 4 1 2 3
   
(a)  (b)    8. A wave equation is given by
2 2  2
  t x 1 
2   2 y  4sin      where, x is in cm and t is in
(c)    (d)     5 9 6 
  2 
seconds. The wavelength of the wave is:
4. Which of the following waves have the maximum
(a) 18 cm (b) 9 cm
wavelength?
(c) 36 cm (d) 6 cm
(a) Infrared rays (b) UV-rays
9. The equation of progressive wave is
(c) Radio waves (d) X-rays
5. Which of the following are not the transverse wave?  t x 
y  0.2sin 2    , where x and y are in
(a) sound waves in the air (b) visible light waves  0.01 0.3 
(c) X-rays (d)  - rays metres and t is in seconds. The velocity of
propagation of the wave is:
Equation of a Plane Progressive Wave (a) 30 ms
–1
(b) 40 ms
–1

–1 –1
6. The equation which represents a sinusoidal (c) 300 ms (d) 400 ms
(harmonic) wave travelling along the positive 10. The equation of a wave travelling on a string is
direction of the X-axis is:  x
y  4 sin  8t   if x and y are in centimetres,
(a) y (x, t) = a sin (kx – t + ) 2 8
(b) y (x, t) = a sin (kx + t + ) then velocity of wave is
(c) y (x, t) = a sin (kx + t) (a) 64 cm/sec in –ve x-direction
(d) y (x, t) = a sin (t + kx) (b) 32 cm/sec in –ve x-direction
(c) 32 cm/sec in +ve x-direction
(d) 64 cm/sec in +ve x-direction
WAVES 138

11. A transverse wave is described by the equation 17. A stationary boat is rocked by waves whose crests are
 x 100 m apart velocity is 25 m/s. The boat bounces up
y  y0 sin 2  ft  
  once in every:
The maximum particle velocity is equal to four times (a) 2500 s (b) 75 s
the wave velocity if (c) 4 s (d) 0.25 s
 y0  y0 18. A transverse wave passes through a string with the
(a)   (b)  
4 2 equation
(c)    y0 (d)   2 y0 y = 10 sin (0.02 x - 2.00t)
12. A progressive wave is given by where x is in meter and t in second. The maximum
 t x  velocity of the particle in wave motion is:
y  3sin 2   
 0.04 0.01  (a)100 m/s (b) 63 m/s
Where x, y are in cm and t in s. The frequency of (c)120 m/s (d) 161 m/s
wave and maximum acceleration will be Energy Transfer in a String Waves &
3 2 3 2
(a) 100 Hz, 4.7 × 10 cm/s (b) 50 Hz, 7.5 × 10 cm/s Longitudinal Waves
4 2 4 2
(c) 25 Hz, 4.7 × 10 cm/s (d) 25 Hz, 7.5 × 10 cm/s
19. Energy is not carried by which of the following
13. Which of the following is not true for the progressive
wave?
 t x 
(a) Progressive (b) Electromagnetic
wave y  4 sin 2   
 0.02 100  (c) Transverse (d) Stationary
Where x and y are in cm and t in seconds. 20. A sings with a frequency n and B sings with a
(a) The amplitude is 4 cm 1
(b) The wavelength is 100 cm frequency that of A. If the energy remains the
8
(c) The frequency is 50 Hz
same and the amplitude of A is a then amplitude of B
(d) The velocity of propagation is 50 cm/s
is:
Transverse Waves on a String (a) 16 a (b) 8 a
14. A string of 5.5 m length has a mass 0.035 kg. If the (c) 2 a (d) a
21. When a longitudinal wave propagates through a
tension in the string is 77 N, then the speed of wave
medium, the particles of the medium execute simple
on the string is: harmonic oscillations about their mean positions.
(a) 77 m/s (b) 102 m/s These oscillations of a particle are characterized by
(c) 110 m/s (d) 164 m/s an invariant
15. A long string having mass density as 0.01 kg/m is (a) Kinetic energy
subjected to a tension of 64 N. The speed of the (b) Potential energy
transverse wave on the string is: (c) Sum of kinetic energy and potential energy
(d) Difference between kinetic energy and potential
(a) 100 m/s (b) 120 m/s
energy
(c) 80 m/s (d) 90 m/s 22. When sound propagates through air, the region of
16. Wave pulse on a string shown in figure is moving to high density of air molecules is called:
the right without changing shape. Consider two (a) compression (b) rarefaction
particles at positions x1 = 1.5 m and x2 = 2.5 m. Their (c) denser (d) none of the above
transverse velocities at the moment shown in figure 23. The speed of a longitudinal wave in air is given by:
are along directions  B
(a) v  (b) v 
B 
 (V / V )
(c) v  (d) both (a) and (c)
p
24. The relation for Bulk modulus of a medium is given
by
(a) positive y-axis and positive y-axis respectively
p V
(a) B   (b) B  
(b) negative y-axis and positive y-axis respectively V / V p / p
(c) positive y-axis and negative y-axis respectively p p
(c) B  (d) B  
(d) negative y-axis and negative y-axis respectively V / V V / V
WAVES 139

25. Distance between successive compression and 33. A wave frequency 100 Hz is sent along a string
rarefactions is 1 m and velocity of sound is 360 m/s. towards a fixed end. When this wave travels back,
Then the frequency (in Hz) of the sound is after reflection, a node is formed at a distance of
10 cm from the fixed end of the string. The speeds of
Sound Intensity and Loudness
incident (and reflected) waves are:
26. An increase in intensity level of 1 dB implies an (a) 48 m/s (b) 20 m/s
increase in Intensity of (given antilog10 0.1 = 1.2589)
(c) 10 m/s (d) 15 m/s
(a) 1 % (b) 3.01 %
34. When two sound waves with a phased difference of
(c) 26 % (d) 0.1 %
 / 2 , and each having amplitude A and frequency
27. If separation between screen and source is increased , are superimposed on each other, then the
by 2% what would be the effect on the intensity
maximum amplitude and frequency of resultant wave
(a) Increases by 4% (b) Increases by 2% is
(c) Decreases by 2% (d) Decreases by 4% A  A
(a) : (b) :
28. The intensity level of two sounds are 100 dB and 2 2 2
50 dB. What is the ratio of their intensities? 
(a) 10
1
(b) 10
3 (c) 2 A : (d) 2A : 
5 10
2
(c) 10 (d) 10 35. The superposition takes place between two waves of
29. A source of sound emits 200  W power which is frequency f and amplitude A. The total intensity is
uniformly distributed over a sphere of radius 10 m. directly proportional to
What is the loudness of sound on the surface of the (a) A (b) 2A
sphere? (c) 2 A 2
(d) 4 A2
(a) 70 dB (b) 74 dB
36. If two waves of same frequency and same amplitude
(c) 80 dB (d) 117 dB
respectively on superimposition produced a resultant
30. The loudness and pitch of a sound note depends on disturbance of the same amplitude, find the phase
(a) intensity and frequency difference (in degrees) between the waves:
(b) frequency and number of harmonics Standing Waves
(c) intensity and velocity
37. A standing wave consisting of 3 nodes and 2
(d) frequency and velocity antinodes is formed between the two atoms having a
31. The power of a sound from the speaker of a radio is distance of 1.21 Å between them. The wavelength of
20 mW. By tuning the knob of the volume control, the standing wave is:
the power of the sound is increased to 400mW. The (a) 1.21 Å (b) 2.42 Å
power increase in decibels as compared to the (c) 6.05 Å (d) 3.63 Å
original power is 38. A string is stretched between fixed points separated
by 75.0 cm. It is observed to have resonant
(a)13 dB (b) 10 dB
frequencies of 420 Hz and 315 Hz. There are no other
(c) 20 dB (d) 800 dB resonant frequencies between these two. Then the
Superposition of Waves lowest resonance frequency for this string is
(a) 1.05 Hz (b) 1050 Hz
32. A pulse of a wave train travels along a stretched
(c) 10.5 Hz (d) 105 Hz
string and reaches the fixed end of the string. It will
be reflected back with 39. The fundamental frequency of a closed organ pipe of
length 20 cm is equal to the second overtone of an
(a) a phase change of 180° with velocity reversed
organ pipe open at both the ends. The length of organ
(b) the same phase as the incident pulse with no pipe open at both the ends is:
reversal of velocity
(a) 100 cm (b) 120 cm
(c) a phase change of 180° with no reversal of
(c) 140 cm (d) 80 cm
velocity
(d) the same phase as the incident pulse but with
velocity reversed
WAVES 140

40. Standing waves are produced in 10 m long stretched 45. Column-I has figures showing different modes of
string. If the string vibrates in 5 segments and wave oscillation of the system (a string tied at both the
velocity is 20 m/s, then its frequency will be: ends) and Column-II has name of the corresponding
(a) 5 Hz (b) 2 Hz modes. Match the items in Column I with terms in
Column II and choose the correct option from the
(c) 10 Hz (d) 2 Hz
–4
codes given below.
41. A stretched string of length 1m and mass 5 × 10 kg, Column-I Column-II
fixed at both ends, is under a tension of 20 N. If it is A. 1. Fundamental
plucked at points situated at 25 cm from one end, it mode
would vibrate with a frequency:
(a) 400 Hz (b) 200 Hz B. 2. Second
(c) 100 Hz (d) 256 Hz harmonic
42. A standing wave is formed on a string fixed at both
the ends. The individual waves i.e., incident wave and C. 3. Sixth
reflected wave are y1 (x, t)  a sin(kx   t) y1 and harmonic

y 2 (x, t)  a sin(kx   t) , respectively. The two waves D. 4. Fifth

have same wavelength ‘  ’. harmonic
The position of nodes is given as
Codes
n A B C D
(a) x  ; n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ...
2 (a) 4 2 3 1
(2n  1) (b) 4 3 1 2
(b) x  ; n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ...
2 (c) 3 2 1 4
(c) x = n; n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ... (d) 2 3 1 4
(d) x = (2n + 1) ; n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ... 46. An open organ pipe of length l vibrates in its
43. A standing wave is formed on a string fixed at both fundamental mode. The pressure variation is
the ends. The individual waves i.e., incident wave and maximum:
reflected wave are y1 (x, t)  a sin(kx   t) and (a) at the two ends
y 2 (x, t)  a sin(kx   t) , respectively. The two waves (b) at the distance l/2 inside the ends
have same wavelength ‘  ’. (c) at the distance l/4 inside the ends
The position of anti-nodes is given by the equation,
(d) at the distance l/8 inside the ends
 1 47. A pipe closed at one end produces a fundamental note
(a) x   n   ; n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ...
 2 2 of 412 Hz. It is cut into two equal lengths, the
n fundamental notes produced by the two pieces are
(b) x  ; n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ...
2 (a) 206 Hz, 412 Hz (b) 206 Hz, 824 Hz
(2n  1) (c) 412 Hz, 824 Hz (d) 824 Hz, 1648 Hz
(c) x  ; n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ... 48. An open pipe is suddenly closed at one end with the
2
(d) x = (2n + 1); n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ... result that the frequency of third harmonic of the
44. A standing wave is formed on a string fixed at both closed pipe is found to be higher by 100 Hz than
the ends. The individual waves i.e., incident wave and fundamental frequency of the open pipe. The
reflected wave are y1 (x, t)  a sin(kx   t) and fundamental frequency of the open pipe is
(a) 200 Hz (b) 300 Hz
y 2 (x, t)  a sin(kx   t) , respectively. The two waves (c) 240 Hz (d) 480 Hz
have same wavelength ‘  ’.
The distance between any two consecutive anti-nodes
is

(a)  (b)
2
3
(c) (d) 2
2
WAVES 141

49. An open pipe is in resonance in 2nd harmonic with 56. A uniform wire of length L, diameter D and density S
frequency f1. Now one end of the tube is closed and is stretched under a tension T. The correct relation
frequency is increased to f2 such that the resonance between its fundamental frequency f, the length L and
again occurs in nth harmonic. Choose the correct the diameter D is:
option. 1 1
3 5 (a) f  (b) f 
(a) n = 3, f2 = f (b) n = 3, f2 = f LD L D
4 1 4 1
5 3 1 1
(c) n = 5, f2 = f1 (d) n = 5, f2 = f1 (c) f  2
(d) f 
4 4 D LD 2
50. If the length of a closed organ pipe is 1 m and 57. A wire under tension vibrates with a fundamental
velocity of sound is 330 m/s, then the frequency of 1st frequency of 600 Hz. If the length of the wire is
overtone is: doubled, the radius is halved and the wire is made to
(a) 4 (330/4) Hz (b) 3 (330/4) Hz vibrate under one-ninth the tension. Then, the
(c) 2 (330/4) Hz (d) none of these fundamental frequency will become:
51. An open organ pipe of length l vibrates in its (a) 400 Hz (b) 600 Hz
fundamental mode. The displacement variation is (c) 300 Hz (d) 200 Hz
maximum: 58. Three sound waves of equal amplitudes have
(a) at the two ends frequencies (f – 1), f, (f + 1). They superpose to give
(b) at the distance l/2 inside the ends beats. The number of beats produced per second will
(c) at the distance l/4 inside the ends be
(d) at the distance l/8 inside the ends (a) 4 (b) 3
52. A pipe closed at one end and open at the other end (c) 2 (d) 1
resonates with sound waves of frequencies 135 Hz 59. Two sound waves with wavelength 5.0 m and 5.5 m
and also 165 Hz but not with any wave of frequency respectively, each propagate in a gas with velocity
intermediate between these two. The frequency of the 330 m/s. Number of beats per second produced is:
fundamental note is: (a) 6 (b) 12
(a) 30 Hz (b) 15 Hz (c) 0 (d) 1
(c) 60 Hz (d) 7.5 Hz 60. A tuning fork vibrating with a sonometer having 20
cm wire produces 5 beats/s. The beat frequency does
53. If we study the vibration of a pipe open at both ends,
not change if the length of the wire is changed to 21
then, which of the following statement is NOT true?
cm. The frequency of the tuning fork must be:
(a) Open end will be anti-node.
(a) 200 Hz (b) 210 Hz
(b) Odd harmonics of the fundamental frequency will
(c) 205 Hz (d) 215 Hz
be generated.
61. A source of frequency f gives 5 beats/s when sounded
(c) All harmonics of the fundamental frequency will
with a frequency 200 Hz. The second harmonic of
be generated.
source gives 10 beats/s when sounded with a source
(d) Pressure change will be maximum at both ends.
of frequency 420 Hz. The value of f is:
54. A pipe closed at one end and open at the other end
(a) 200 Hz (b) 210 Hz
resonates with sound waves of frequency 135 Hz and
(c) 205 Hz (d) 195 Hz
also 165 Hz but not with any wave of frequency
62. When temperature increase, the frequency of a tuning
intermediate between these two. Then find the
fork
frequency (in Hz) of the first overtone:
(a) increases
Experimental Study of Standing Waves & Beats (b) decreases
55. A cylindrical tube, open at both ends, has a (c) remains same
fundamental frequency, f, in air. The tube is dipped (d) increases of decreases depending on the material
vertically in water so that half of it is in water. The 63. Two wires are fixed on a sonometer. Their tensions
fundamental frequency of the air-column is now are in the ratio 8 : 1, their lengths are in the ratio 36 :
f 35, the diameters are in the ratio 4 :1 and densities are
(a) f (b)
2 in the ratio 1 : 2. If the note of the higher pitch has a
–1
3f frequency 360 s , the frequency of beats ( in Hz)
(c) (d) 2f
4 produced is
WAVES 142

Doppler's Effect of Sound 71. A whistle producing sound waves of frequencies

9500 Hz and above is approaching a stationary person
64. A vehicle with a horn of frequency n is moving with a
with speed v m/s. The velocity of sound in air is 300
velocity of 30 m/s in a direction perpendicular to the
m/s. If the person can hear frequencies up to a
straight line joining the observer and the vehicle. The
maximum of 10,000 Hz, the maximum value of v up
observer perceives the sound to have a frequency
to which he can hear the whistle is:
(n + n1). If velocity of sound in air is 300 m/s, n1
would be (a) 15 / 2 m/s (b) 15 m/s
(a) n1 = 10 n (b) n1 = 0 (c) 30 m/s (d) 15 2 m/s
(c) n1 = 0.1 n (d) n1 = – 0.1 n 72. A source of sound is travelling towards a stationary
65. Two sources A and B are sounding notes of observer. The frequency of sound heard by the
frequency 680 Hz. A listener moves from A to B with observer is three times the original frequency. The
a constant velocity u. If speed of sound is 340 ms-1, velocity of sound is v m/s. The speed if source will
what should be the value of u so that he hears 10 be
beats/s?
2
(a) 2.0 ms-1 (b) 3.0 ms-1 (a) v (b) v
-1 3
(c) 2.5 ms (d) 3.5 ms-1
66. When a source is going away from a stationary 3
(c) v (d) 3v
observer with a velocity equal to velocity of sound in 2
air, then the frequency heard by the observer will be 73. A train is moving with a constant speed along a
(a) same (b) double circular track. The engine of the train emits a sound
(c) half (d) one third of frequency f. The frequency heard by the guard at
67. A car sounding its horn at 480 Hz moves towards a rear end of the train is
high wall at a speed of 20 ms-1, the frequency of the (a) less than f
reflected sound heard by the man sitting in the car (b) equal to f
will be nearest to; (speed of sound 330 m/s) (c) is greater than f
(a) 480 Hz (b) 510 Hz (d) may be greater than, less or equal to f depending
(c) 540 Hz (d) 570 Hz on the factors like speed of train, length of train
68. A siren placed at a railway platform is emitting sound and radius of circular track
of frequency 5 k Hz. A passenger sitting in a moving 74. A train approaches a stationary observer, the velocity
train A records a frequency of 5.5 k Hz, while the 1
of train being of the velocity of sound. A sharp
train approaches the siren. During his return journey 20
in a different train B, he records a frequency of 6.0 k blast is blown with the whistle of the engine at equal
intervals of a second. The interval between the
Hz, while approaching the same siren. The ratio of
successive blasts as heard by the observer is:
the velocity of train B to that of train A is
1 1
(a) 242/252 (b) 2 (a) s (b) min
20 20
(c) 5/6 (d) 11/6
69. A car is moving towards a high cliff. The driver 19 19
(c) s (d) min
sounds a horn of frequency f. The reflected sound 20 20
heard by the driver has a frequency 2 f. If v be the 75. Two trains, each moving with a velocity of 30 m/s,
cross each other. One of the trains gives a whistle
velocity of sound, then the velocity of the car, in the
whose frequency is 600 Hz. If the speed of sound is
same velocity units would be 330 m/s, then the apparent frequency (in Hz) for
(a) v/4 (b) v/2 passengers sitting in the other train before crossing
(c) v/ 2 (d) v/3 would be:
70. A police car with a siren of frequency 8 kHz is
moving with uniform velocity of 36 km/h towards a
tall building which reflects the sound waves. The
speed of sound in air is 320 m/s. The frequency of the
siren heard by the car driver is:
(a) 8.50 kHz (b) 8.25 kHz
(c) 7.75 kHz (d) 7.50 kHz
WAVES 143

EXERCISE – 2: PREVIOUS YEARS JEE MAINS QUESTIONS

Questions marked with asterisk (*) are 8. The mass per unit length of a uniform wire is
0.135 g/cm. A transverse wave of the form
deleted from JEE Main y = –0.21 sin (x + 30t) is produced in it, where x is in
1. Which of the following equations represents a meter and t is in second. Then, the expected value of
travelling wave? [2021] tension in the wire is x × 10–2 N. N. Value of x is
(a) y  A sin 15 x  2t  (b) y  Ae  x  vt   
2
………
(Round-off to the nearest integer) [2021]
(c) y  Ae x cos t    (d) y  A sin x cos t
9. A closed organ pipe of length L and an open organ
2. A student is performing the experiment of resonance pipe contain gases of densities ρ1 and ρ2 respectively.
column. The diameter of the column tube is 6 cm.
The compressibility of gases is equal in both the
The frequency of the tuning fork is 504 Hz. Speed of
the sound at the given temperature is 336 m/s. The pipes. Both the pipes are vibrating in their first
zero of the meter scale coincides with the top end of overtone with same frequency. The length of the open
the resonance column tube. The reading of the water x 
level in the column when the first resonance occurs pipe is L 1 where x is ……… (Round off to the
is: [2021]
3 2
(a) 18.4 cm (b) 13 cm Nearest Integer) [2021]
(c) 14.8 cm (d) 16.6 cm 10. A transverse wave is represented by y  2 sin  t  kx 
3. A tuning fork A of unknown frequency produces
5 beats/s with a fork of known frequency 340 Hz. cm. The value of wavelength (in cm) for which the
When fork A is filed, the beat frequency decreases to wave velocity becomes equal to the maximum particle
2 beats/s. What is the frequency of fork A? [2021] velocity, will be
(a) 338 Hz (b) 335 Hz (JEE Main 2022)
(c) 345 Hz (d) 342 Hz (a) 4 (b) 2
4. A sound wave of frequency 245 Hz travels with the
(c)  (d) 2
speed of 300m / s along the positive x – axis. Each
point of the wave moves to and fro through a total 2
11. In the wave equation y  0.5sin  400t  x  m the
distance of 6 cm. What will be the mathematical 
expression of this travelling wave? [2021] velocity of the wave will be : (JEE Main 2022)
 3

(a) Y  x, t   0.03 sin 5.1x  0.2 10 t  (a) 200 m/s (b) 200 2 m/s
(b) Y  x, t   0.06 sin 5.1x  1.5 10  t 
3
(c) 400 m/s (d) 400 2 m/s
12. Sound travels in a mixture of two moles of helium and
(c) Y  x, t   0.06 sin 0.8x   0.5 10  t 
3
n moles of hydrogen. If rms speed of gas molecules in
(d) Y  x, t   0.03 sin 5.1x  1.5 10  t 
3 the mixture is 2 times the speed of sound, then the
value of n will be (JEE Main 2022)
5 *. Two cars are approaching each other at an equal (a) 1 (b) 2
speed of 7.2 km/hr. When they see each other, both (c) 3 (d) 4
blow horn having frequency of 676 Hz. The beat 13. The equations of two waves are given by
y1  5sin 2  x  vt  cm
frequency heard by each driver will be ……… Hz.
[Velocity of sound in air is 340 m/s.] [2021] y2  3sin 2  x  vt  1.5  cm
6. A signal of 0.1 kW is transmitted in a cable. The These waves are simultaneously passing through a
attenuation of cable is –5 dB per km and cable length string. The amplitude of the resulting wave is
is 20 km. The power received at receiver is 10–x W. (JEE Main 2022)
The value of x is ……… (a) 2 cm (b) 4 cm
(c) 5.8 cm (d) 8 cm
P  14. The displacement of simple harmonic oscillator after 3
[Gain in dB = 10log10  0  ] [2021]
 Pi  seconds starting from its mean position is equal to half
of its amplitude. The time period of harmonic motion
7. The percentage increase in the speed of transverse is (JEE Main 2022)
waves produced in a stretched string if the tension is (a) 6s (b) 8s
increased by 4%. Will be ……… %. [2021] (c) 12s (d) 36s
WAVES 144

Questions marked with asterisk (*) are Young's modulus is 1.2 × 1011 Nm–2. The extension of
the wire over its natural length due to its tension will
deleted from JEE Main
be x  10 5 m. The value of x is_______.
15*. An observer moves towards a stationary source of
(JEE Main 2022)
sound with a velocity equal to one-fifth of the velocity
23*. An observer is riding on a bicycle and moving towards
of sound. The percentage change in the frequency will
a hill at 18 kmh–1. He hears a sound from a source at
be (JEE Main 2022)
some distance behind him directly as well as after its
(a) 20% (b) 10%
reflection from the hill. If the original frequency of the
(c) 5% (d) 0%
sound as emitted by source is 640 Hz and velocity of
16*. A sinusoidal wave 
y  t   40sin 10  106  t  is the sound in air is 320 m/s, the beat frequency between
amplitude modulated by another sinusoidal wave the two sounds heard by observer will be _____ Hz.
x  t   20 sin 1000 t  . The amplitude of minimum (JEE Main 2022)
24. Two waves executing simple harmonic motion
frequency component of modulated signal is:
travelling in the same direction with same amplitude
(JEE Main 2022)
and frequency are superimposed. The resultant
(a) 0.5 (b) 0.25
amplitude is equal to the times of amplitude of
(c) 20 (d) 10
individual motions. The phase difference between the
17. The equation of a particle executing simple harmonic
two motions is ________ (degree)
 1
motion is given by x  sin   t   m . At t = 1s, the (JEE Main 2022)
 3 25. True travelling waves of equal amplitudes and equal
speed of particle will be (Given:  = 3.14). frequencies move in opposite directions along a string.
(JEE Main 2022) They interfere to produce a stationary wave whose
(a) 0 cm s–1 (b) 157 cm s–1
(c) 272 cm s–1 (d) 314 cm s–1  2 t 
equation is given by y   10 cos  x sin  cm. The
18. In an experiment to determine the velocity of sound in  T 
air at room temperature using a resonance tube. the 4
first resonance is observed then the air column has a amplitude of the particle at x  cm will be ___ cm.
3
length of 20.0 cm for a tuning fork of frequency 400 (JEE Main 2022)
Hz is used. The velocity of the sound at room 26. The first overtone frequency of an open organ pipe is
temperature is 336 ms–1. The third resonance is equal to the fundamental frequency of a closed organ
observed when the air column has a length of cm pipe. If the length of the closed organ pipe is 20 cm.
(JEE Main 2022) The length of the open organ pipe is _______ cm.
19*. When a car is approaching the observer, the frequency (JEE Main 2022)
of horn is 100 Hz. After passing the observer, it is 27. A set of 20 turning forks is arranged in a series of
50Hz. If the observer moves with the car, the increasing frequencies. If each fork gives 4 beats with
respect to the preceding fork and the frequency of the
x
frequency will be Hz where x = _____ last fork is twice the frequency of the first, then the
3 frequency of last fork is _____ Hz.
(JEE Main 2022) (JEE Main 2022)
20. A wire of length 30 cm, stretched between rigid 28. A tuning fork of frequency 340 Hz resonates in the
supports, has it’s nth and (n + 1)th harmonics at 400 Hz fundamental mode with an air column of length 125
and 450 Hz, respectively. If tension in the string is cm in a cylindrical tube closed at one end. When water
2700 N, it’s linear mass density is……..kg/m. is slowly poured in it, the minimum height of water
required for observing resonance once again is cm.
(JEE Main 2022)
(Velocity of sound in air is 340 ms–1)
21*. The frequency of echo will be _________ Hz if the (JEE Main 2022)
train blowing a whistle of frequency 320 Hz is moving 29. A travelling wave is described by the equation
with a velocity of 36 km/h towards a hill from which
y  x, t    0.05sin 8 x  4t  m . The velocity of the
an echo is heard by the train driver. Velocity of sound
in air is 330 m/s. (JEE Main 2022) wave is : [all the quantities are in SI unit]
22. The speed of a transverse wave passing through a (JEE Main 2023)
string of length 50 cm and mass 10 g is 60 ms–1. The (a) 4 ms 1 (b) 2 ms 1
area of cross-section of the wire is 2.0 m m2 and its (c) 0.5 ms 1 (d) 8 ms 1
WAVES 145

Questions marked with asterisk (*) are

deleted from JEE Main 37. A guitar string of length 90 cm vibrates with a
30*. A person observes two moving trains, ‘A’ reaching the fundamental frequency of 120 Hz . The length of the
station and ‘B’ leaving the station with equal speed of string producing a fundamental frequency of 180 Hz
30 m/s. If both trains emit sounds with frequency 300 will be _________ cm . (JEE Main 2023)
Hz, (Speed of sound : 330 m/s) approximate difference 38. A transverse harmonic wave on a string is given by
of frequencies heard by the person will be :
y  x, t   5sin  6t  0.003 x 
(JEE Main 2023)
(a) 33 Hz (b) 55 Hz where x and y are in cm and t in sec. The wave
(c) 80 Hz (d) 10 Hz velocity is ________ ms 1 . (JEE Main 2023)
31. A steel wire with mass per unit length 7.0  10 3 kg m 1 39. The equation of wave is given by
is under tension of 70 N. The speed of transverse  
Y  102 sin2 160t  0.5x  
waves in the wire will be: (JEE Main 2023)  4
(a) 200 m / s (b) 100 m / s where x and Y are in m and t in s . The speed of
(c) 10 m / s (d) 50 m / s the wave is ________ km h 1 . (JEE Main 2023)
32*. The engine of a train moving with speed 10ms 1 40. A wire of density 8  103 kg / m 3 is stretched between
towards a platform sounds a whistle at frequency 400
two clamps 0.5 m apart. The extension developed in
Hz. The frequency heard by a passenger inside the
train is: (neglect air speed. Speed of sound in air the wire is 3.2 104 m . If Y  8 1010 N / m 2 , the
fundamental frequency of vibration in the wire will be
 330 ms 1 ) (JEE Main 2023)
_________ Hz . (JEE Main 2023)
(a) 400 Hz (b) 388 Hz
41. For a certain organ pipe, the first three resonance
(c) 412 Hz (d) 200 Hz
frequencies are in the ratio of 1: 3 : 5 respectively. If
33*. A car P travelling at 20ms sounds its horn at a
1
the frequency of fifth harmonic is 405 Hz and the
frequency of 400 Hz. Another car Q is travelling
speed of sound in air is 324 ms –1 the length of the
behind the first car in the same direction with a
organ pipe is ______ m (JEE Main 2023)
velocity 40 ms 1 . The frequency heard by the
42. The fundamental frequency of vibration of a string
passenger of the car Q is approximately [Take, velocity
stretched between two rigid support is 50 Hz . The
of sound  360 ms 1 ] (JEE Main 2023)
mass of the string is 18 g and its linear mass density is
(a) 485 Hz (b) 471 Hz
(c) 514 Hz (d) 421 Hz 20 g / m . The speed of the transverse waves so
34. The distance between two consecutive points with produced in the string is ___________ ms 1
phase difference of 60 in a wave of frequency 500 (JEE Main 2023)
Hz is 6.0 m. The velocity with which wave is traveling 43. In an experiment with sonometer when a mass of
is _______ km / s (JEE Main 2023) 180 g is attached to the string, it vibrates with
35*. A person driving car at a constant speed of 15 m / s is fundamental frequency of 30 Hz . When a mass m is
approaching a vertical wall. The person notices a attached, the string vibrates with fundamental
change of 40 Hz in the frequency of his car's horn frequency of 50 Hz . The value of m is ___________
upon reflection from the wall. The frequency of horn is g. (JEE Main 2023)
__________ Hz .
(Given: Speed of sound : 330 m / s )
(JEE Main 2023)
36. An organ pipe 40 cm long is open at both ends. The
speed of sound in air is 360 ms 1 . The frequency of the
second harmonic is ______ Hz .
(JEE Main 2023)
WAVES 146

EXERCISE – 3: ADVANCED OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Objective Questions I [Only one correct option] 6. Transverse waves are produced in a long string by
attaching its free end to a vibrating tuning fork.
1. The amplitude of a wave disturbance propagating
1 Figure below shows the shape of a part of string.
along positive x-axis is given by y  at t = 0 Which pairs of points are in phase?
1 x2
1
and y  at t = 2 s where x and y are in
1  ( x  1) 2
metres. The shape of the wave disturbance does not
change with time. The velocity of the wave is
(a) 0.5 m/s (b) 1 m/s
(a) A and D (b) B and E
(c) 2 m/s (d) 4 m/s
(c) C and F (d) A and G
2. The distance between two consecutive crests in a
7. When a wave travels in a medium, the particle
wave train produced in string is 5 cm. If two complete
displacements are given by
waves pass through any point per second, the velocity
y (x, t) = 0.03 sin  (2t – 0.01 x) where y and x are
of the wave is
in meters and t in seconds.
(a) 10 cm/s (b) 2.5 cm/s
The wave length of the wave is
(c) 5 cm/s (d) 15 cm/s
(a) 10 m (b) 20 m
3. A equation of plane progressive wave
(c) 100 m (d) 200 m
y = A sin (  t + kx). Its wrong statement is
8. Transverse wave of amplitude 10 cm is generated at
2 one end (x = 0) of a long string by a tuning fork of
(a) is wavelength
k frequency 500 Hz. At a certain instant of time, the
 displacement of a particle A at x = 100 cm is - 5 cm
(b) is velocity of wave
k and of particle B at x = 200 cm is + 5 cm. What is the
 wave length of the wave?
(c) is frequency of wave
2 (a) 2 m (b) 3 m
k (c) 4 m (d) 5 m
(d) is maximum velocity of particle 9. A source of sound vibrates according to the equation

4. An equation of plane progressive wave y = 0.05 cos  t. It sends out waves of velocity 1.5
a 2  x  m/s. The wave length of the waves is
y  sin  t   . If maximum velocity of particle (a) 1.5 m (b) 3.0 m
 3  b
(c) 4.5 m (d) 6.0 m
and velocity of wave are equal.
10. A progressive wave in a medium is represented by the
a
Now will be  5 
b equation y  0.1sin 10  t   x  where y and x
 11 
2 3 are in cm and t in seconds. The maximum speed of a
(a) (b)
3 2 particle of the medium due to the wave is
1 (a) 1 cm s
–1
(b) 10 cm s
–1
(c) (d) none of these
2 (c)  cms
–1
(d) 10  cms
–1

5. A transverse wave is represented by the equation

5  x
2 11. The equation of wave y  sin  t   where
y  y0 sin (vt  x) for what value of  , the 2  2

displacement is in cm and time in sec. The phase
maximum particle velocity is equal to two times the
angle between two particles at distance 12 cm is
wave velocity? o
(a) 6 (b) 6 radian
 y0 o
(a)   (b) y0 (c) 3 (d) 3 radian
2
2 y0
(c) = 2y0 (d)  
2
WAVES 147

12. The particle displacement in a travelling harmonic 20. Two periodic waves of amplitudes a and b pass
wave is given by through a region at the same time and in the same
y (x, t) = 2.0 cos2(10t – 0.008x + 0.35) where x and y direction. If a > b, the difference in the maximum and
are in centimetres and t is in seconds. What is the minimum possible amplitudes is:
phase difference between oscillatory motion at two (a) a + b (b) a – b
points separated by a distance of 4 m? (c) 2 a (d) 2 b
(a) 0.2  (b) 6.4  21. The extension in a string, obeying Hooke’s law, is x.
(c) 0.6  (d) 0.8  The speed of the wave in the stretched string is v. If
13. Transverse waves of the same frequency are the extension in the string is increased to 1.5 x, the
generated in two steel wires A and B. The diameter of speed of the wave in the string will be
A is twice that of B and the tension in A is half that in (a) 1.22 v (b) 0.61 v
B. The ratio of the velocities of waves in A and B is (c) 1.50 v (d) 0.75 v
22. A uniform rope of mass 0.1 kg and length 2.45 m
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 2 hangs from a ceiling. The time taken by a transverse
wave to travel the full length of the rope is (g = 9.8
(c) 1 : 2 2 (d) 3 : 2 2 2
m/s )
14. The velocity of sound in air is 332 m/s. If the air
(a) 1 s (b) 2 s
consists of nitrogen and oxygen in the ratio 4 : 1, the
(c) 3 s (d) 4 s
velocity of sound in oxygen is –8 –2
23. A sound has an intensity of 2 × 10 Wm . Its
(a) 372 m/s (b) 278 m/s
intensity level in decibels is: (log10 2 = 0.3)
(c) 418 m/s (d) 315 m/s
(a) 23 (b) 4.3
15. The speed of sound in oxygen ( O2 ) at a certain
(c) 43 (d) none of these
temperature is 460 ms 1 . The speed of sound in 24. Two waves represented by the following equations
helium (He) at the same temperature will be (assume are travelling in the same medium
both gases to be ideal) y1 = 5 sin 2 (75t – 0.25 x),
–1 –1
(a) 330 ms (b) 460 ms y2 = 10 sin 2 (150 t – 0.50 x)
–1 –1
(c) 500 ms (d) 1420 ms I1
16. The speed of sound in a gas is v and the root mean The intensity ratio of the two waves is:
I2
square speed of gas molecules is vrmsIf the ratio of
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 4
the specific heats of the gas  = 1.5, then the ratio of
(c) 1 : 8 (d) 1 : 16
speed of sound to vrms is 25. The intensity level of a sound wave is 4dB. If the
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 2 intensity of the wave is doubled, then the intensity
level of the sound, as expressed in dB, would be:
(c) 1: 3 (d) 1 : 3
(a) 8 (b) 16
17. Under the same conditions of pressure and
(c) 7 (d) 14
temperature, the velocity of sound in oxygen and
26. Two sound waves of the same frequency have
hydrogen gases are v0 and vH then:
respective amplitudes of 3 units and 1 unit and are
(a) vH = 2v0 (b) vH = 4v0 travelling in opposite directions in the same straight
(c) v0 = 4vH (d) vH = v0 line. At a particular place in that line, the resultant
18. If the temperature of the gaseous medium drops by wave will vary in loudness. The ratio of maximum
1%, the velocity of sound in that medium: loudness to minimum loudness is:
(a) increase by 5% (b) remains unchanged (a) 9/1 (b) 6/1
(c) decreases by 0.5% (d) decreases by 2% (c) 9/2 (d) 2/1
19. The velocity of sound through a diatomic gaseous 27. A sound absorber attenuates the sound level by 20
medium of molecular weight M at 0°C: dB. The intensity decreases by a factor of
R 3R (a) 100 (b) 1000
(a) (b) (c) 10000 (d) 10
M M
382 R 273 R
(c) (d)
M M
WAVES 148

2
28. Two sounds waves have intensities 100W/m and 33. A string fixed at both ends is vibrating in the lowest
2
400W/m respectively. The later sound is mode of vibration for which a point at quarter of its
(a) 6 decibel louder than the other length from one end is a point of maximum
(b) 4 decibel louder than the other displacement. The frequency of vibration in this mode
(c) 0.6 decibel louder than the other is 100 Hz. What will be the frequency emitted when it
(d) data is not sufficient vibrates in the next mode such that this point is again
29. The power of a sound from the speaker of a radio is a point of maximum displacement?
20 mW. By turning the knob of the volume control, (a) 400 Hz (b) 200 Hz
the power of the sound is increased to 400 mW. The (c) 600 Hz (d) 300 Hz
power increase in decibels as compared to the original 34. A string is stretched between fixed points separated
power is by 75 cm. It is observed to have resonant frequencies
(a) 13.0 dB (b) 10 dB of 420 Hz and 315 Hz. There are no other resonant
(c) 20 dB (d) 8000 dB frequencies between these two. Then, the lowest
30. A wave is incident on fixed target as resonant frequency for this string is
 x (a) 10.5 Hz (b) 105 Hz
y  5sin 2  t   , the equation of reflected wave (c) 1.05 Hz (d) 1050 Hz
 2
35. Two stretched strings of same material are vibrating
through rigid target
under the same tension in fundamental mode. The
 x  x ratio of their frequencies is 1 : 2 and ratio of the
(a) y = –5 sin 2  t   (b) y = +5 sin 2  t  
 2  2 length of the vibrating segments is 1 : 4. Then the
 x  x ratio of the radii of the strings is :
(c) y = +5 sin 2  t   (d) y = –5 sin 2  t  
 2   2 (a) 2 : 1 (b) 4 : 1
31. Two loudspeakers A and B, 1.0 m apart, produce (c) 3 : 2 (d) 8 : 1
sound waves of the same wavelength and in the same 36. A string of length 1 m has the mass per unit length
–1
phase. A sensitive sound detector, moving along PQ, 0.1 g cm . What would be the fundamental frequency
parallel to line AB, 2.4 m away, detects maximum of vibrating of this string under tension of 400 N?
sound at P (on the perpendicular bisector of AB) and (a) 400 Hz (b) 100 Hz
another maximum sound when it first reaches Q (c) 50 Hz (d) 200 Hz
directly opposite to B, as shown in Figure. What is 37. Four wires of identical length, diameters and of the
the wavelength of sound emitted by the speakers? same material are stretched on a sonometer wire. If
the ratio of their tensions is 1 : 4 : 9 : 16, then the
ratio of their fundamental frequencies are :
(a) 16 : 9 : 4 : 1 (b) 4 : 3 : 2 : 1
(c) 1 : 4 : 2 : 16 (d) 1 : 2 : 3 : 4
38. The fundamental frequency of sonometer wire is
600 Hz when length of wire is short by 25%. Now
st
(a) 0.1 m (b) 0.2 m frequency of 1 overtone will be
(c) 0.3 m (d) 0.4 m (a) 800 Hz (b) 1200 Hz
32. Two waves are passing through a region in the same (c) 1600 Hz (d) 2000 Hz
direction at the same time. If the equation of these 39. The length of sonometer wire is 1.8 m. What is
waves are: wavelength of wave when number of nodes are 10
2 (a) 20 cm (b) 36 cm
y1  a sin  vt  x  (c) 40 cm (d) 72 cm

40. The total length of a sonometer wire between fixed
2
y2  b sin  vt  x   x0  ends is 110 cm. Two bridges are placed to divide the
  length of wire in ratio 6 : 3 : 2. The tension in the
 wire is 400 N and the mass per unit length is 0.01
then the amplitude of the resultant wave for x0  ,
2 kg/m. What is the minimum common frequency with
is:
which three parts can vibrate?
(a) | a – b | (b) (a + b)
(a) 1100 Hz (b) 100 Hz
(c) zero (d) a 2  b2 (c) 166 Hz (d) 1000 Hz
WAVES 149

41. Figure shows a stationary wave between two fixed (c) 8.1 cm (d) 10.8 cm
point P and Q. Which point(s) of 1,2 and 3 are in 49. A pipe of length 20 cm is open at both ends. Which
phase with the point X? harmonic mode of the pipe is resonantly excited by a
–1
1700 Hz source? The speed of sound = 340 ms .
(a) First harmonic (b) Second harmonic
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2 only (c) Third harmonic (d) Fourth harmonic
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 3 only 50. A knife–edge divides a sonometer wire into two parts.
42. Particle displacements (in cm) in a standing wave are The fundamental frequencies of the two parts are f1
given by y (x, t) = 2 sin (0.1  x) cos (100  t).
and f2. The fundamental frequency of the sonometer
The distance between a node and the next anti–node
wire when the knife–edge is removed will be
is
1
(a) 2.5 cm (b) 5.0 cm (a) f1 + f2 (b) ( f1  f 2 )
(c) 7.5 cm (d) 10.0 cm 2
43. Two parts of a sonometer wire, divided by a movable f f
(c) f1 f 2 (d) 1 2
knife–edge, differ in length by 1 cm and produce 1 f1  f 2
beat per second when sounded together. If the total 51. A tube closed at one end containing air, produces,
length of the wire is 100 cm, the frequencies of the when excited, the fundamental note of frequency
two parts of the wire are 512 Hz. If the tube is open at both ends, the
(a) 51 Hz, 50 Hz (b) 50.5 Hz, 49.5 Hz fundamental frequency that can be excited is (in Hz)
(c) 49 Hz, 48 Hz (d) 49.5 Hz, 48.5 Hz (a) 1024 (b) 512
44. An organ pipe closed at one end is excited to support (c) 256 (d) 128
the third overtone. It is found that air in the pipe has 52. An organ pipe P1, closed at one end vibrating in its
(a) 3 nodes and 3 antinodes first harmonic and another pipe P2, open at both ends
(b) 3 nodes and 4 antinodes vibrating in its third harmonic, are in resonance with a
(c) 4 nodes and 3 antinodes given tuning fork. The ratio of the lengths of P1 and P2
(d) 4 nodes and 4 antinodes
is
45. Two organ pipes A and B are closed and open
respectively. Third overtone of each are unison. The 8 1
(a) (b)
ratio of their length is 3 6
(a) 8/7 (b) 7/8 1 1
(c) (d)
(c) 7/4 (d) 4/7 2 3
46. The fundamental frequency of open organ pipe is f 53. Two closed pipes produce 10 beats/s when emitting
when it filled with one–fourth length with water now their fundamental nodes. If their length are in ratio of
frequency will be 25 : 26. Then their fundamental frequency in Hz, are :
f (a) 270, 280 (b) 260, 270
(a) f (b)
3 (c) 260, 250 (d) 260, 280
2f 4f 54. When two tuning forks A and B are sounded together,
(c) (d) x beats/sec are heard. Frequency of A is n. Now,
3 3
when one prong of fork B is loaded with a little wax,
47. Two organ pipes, each closed at one end, give 5 beats
the number of beats decreases. The frequency of fork
per second when emitting their fundamental notes. If
B is:
their lengths are in the ratio of 50:51, their
(a) n + x (b) n – x
fundamental frequencies (in Hz) are
(c) n + 2x (d) n – 2x
(a) 250, 255 (b) 255, 260
55. A tuning fork of frequency 100 when sound together
(c) 260, 265 (d) 265, 270
with another tuning fork of unknown frequency
48. Standing waves are produced by the superposition of
produces 2 beats/s. On loading the tuning fork whose
two waves y1 = 0.05 sin (3t – 2x) and
frequency is not known and sounded together with the
y2 = 0.05 sin (3t + 2x) where x and y are expressed in same tuning fork produces one beat, then the
metres and t is in seconds. What is the amplitude of a frequency of the unknown tuning fork is:
0
particle at x = 0.5 m. Given cos (57.3 ) = 0.54 (a) 102 (b) 98
(a) 2.7 cm (b) 5.4 cm (c) 99 (d) 101
WAVES 150

56. An organ pipe, open from both ends produces 5 62. A motorcycle starts from rest and accelerates along a
2
beats/s when vibrated with a source of frequency 200 straight line at 2.2 m/s . At the starting point of the
Hz in its fundamental mode. The second harmonic of motorcycle, there is a stationary electric siren. How
the same pipe produces 10 beats/s with a source of far has the motorcycle gone when the driver hears the
frequency 420 Hz. The fundamental frequency of frequency of the siren at 90% of its value when the
pipe is: motorcycle was at rest?
(a) 195 Hz (b) 205 Hz (Speed of sound in air = 330 ms-1)
(c) 190 Hz (d) 210 Hz (a) 123.75 m (b) 247.5 m
57. A metal wire of diameter 1 mm is held on two knife (c) 495 m (d) 990 m
edges separated by a distance of 50 cm. The tension 63. A whistle emitting a sound of frequency 440 Hz is
in the wire is 100 N. The wire vibrating with its tied to a string of 1.5 m length and rotated with an
fundamental frequency and a vibrating tuning fork angular velocity of 20 rad/s in the horizontal plane.
together produce 5 beats per second. The tension in Then the range of frequencies heard by an observer
the wire is then reduced to 81 N. When the two are stationed at a large distance from the whistle will be
excited, beats are heard at the same rate. What is the (Speed of sound v = 330 m/s)
frequency of the fork? (a) 400.0 Hz to 484.0 Hz (b) 403.3 Hz to 480.0 Hz
(a) 90 Hz (b) 95 Hz (c) 400.0 Hz to 480.0 Hz (d) 403.3 Hz to 484.0 Hz
(c) 100 Hz (d) 105 Hz 64. A car sounding its horn at 480 Hz moves towards a
58. A closed organ pipe and an open organ pipe of same high wall at a speed of 20 m/s. If the speed of sound
length produce 2 beats when they are set into –1
is 340 m/s , the frequency of the reflected sound
vibrations simultaneously in their fundamental mode. heard by the man sitting in the car will be nearest to
The length of open organ pipe is now halved and of
closed organ pipe is doubled. The number of beats (a) 480 Hz (b) 510 Hz
produced will be: (c) 540 Hz (d) 570 Hz
(a) 8 (b) 7
(c) 4 (d) 2 Objective Questions II
59. A train standing at a certain distance from a railway [One or more than one correct option]
platform is blowing a whistle of frequency 500 Hz. If 65. A bat flying above a lake emits ultrasonic sound of
the speed of sound is 340 ms-1, the frequency and 100 kHz. When this wave falls on the water surface, it
wavelength of the sound of the whistle heard by a is partly reflected and partly transmitted. The speed of
man running towards the engine with a speed of 10 –1
sound in air is 340 ms and in water 1450m/s, Then:
ms-1 respectively are (a) wavelength of sound in air is 6.8 mm
(a) 500 Hz, 0.7 m (b) 500 Hz, 0.68 m (b) wavelength of sound in air is 3.4 mm
(c) 486 Hz, 0.7 m (d) 515 Hz, 0.68 m (c) wavelength of sound in water is 14.5 mm
60. In the above question a wind starts blowing in the (d) wavelength of sound in water is 1.45 mm
direction from the engine to the platform with a speed 66. When two sound waves with a phase difference of
of 10 ms-1. The frequency and wavelength of the 
sound of the whistle heard by a man standing at the , and each having amplitude A and frequency ,
2
platform will be
are superimposed on each other, Then:
(a) 500 Hz, 0.68 m (b) 500 Hz, 0.7m
A
(c) 486 Hz, 0.7 m (d) 515 Hz, 0.68 m (a) the maximum amplitude is
61. A train blowing its whistle moves with a constant 2
velocity u away from the observer on the ground. The (b) frequency of resultant wave is 
ratio of the actual frequency of the whistle to that (c) the maximum amplitude is 2A
measured by the observer is found to be 1.2. If the

train is at rest and the observer moves away from it at (d) frequency of resultant wave is
2
the same velocity, the ratio would be given by
(a) 0.51 (b) 1.25
(c) 1.52 (d) 2.05
WAVES 151

67. The length of a sonometer wire AB is 110 cm. Where 72. A wave moves at a constant speed along a stretched
should the two bridges be placed from A, to divide string. Mark the incorrect statement out of the
the wire in 3 segments whose fundamental following:
frequencies are in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 3? (a) Particle speed is constant and equal to the wave
(a) 30 cm (b) 60 cm speed.
(c) 90 cm (d) 80 cm (b) Particle speed is independent of amplitude of the
68. A tuning fork of frequency 340 Hz is sounded above periodic motion of the source.
a cylindrical tube 1 m high. Water is slowly poured (c) Particle speed is independent of frequency of
–1
into the tube. If the speed of sound is 340 ms , at periodic motion of the source.
what levels of water in the tube will the sound of the (d) Particle speed is dependent on tension and linear
fork be appreciably intensified? mass density the string.
(a) 25 cm (b) 75cm 73. An observer A is moving directly towards a stationary
(c) 20cm (d) 100cm sound source while another observer B is moving
69. Two whistles A and B have frequencies 660 Hz and away from the source with the same velocity. Which
590 Hz respectively. An observer is standing in the of the following statements are correct?
middle of line joining the two sources. Source B and (a) Average of frequencies recorded by A and B is
observer are moving towards right with velocity 30 equal to natural frequency of the source.
m/s and A is standing to the left side. If the velocity (b) Wavelength of wave received by A is less than
of sound in air is 300 m/s. Then: that of waves received by B.
(a) beat frequency is 6Hz (c) Wavelength of waves received by two observers
(b) beat frequency is 4Hz will be same.
(c) apparent wavelength for B is 0.45 (d) Both the observers will observe the wave
(d) apparent wavelength for B is 45m travelling with same speed.
70. A wave equation which gives the displacement along
Numerical Value Type Questions
Y-direction is given by
y  104 [sin (60t  20 x)] 74. A string has a mass 10 g and a length L = 3 m. Its two
ends are tied to two walls at a distance D = 2 m apart.
where x and y are in metres and t is time in seconds.
Two blocks of mass M = 2 kg each are suspended
This represents a wave
from the string as shown in figure. In what time in
(a) travelling with a velocity of 30 m/s in the negative
milliseconds will a wave pulse sent from a point A,
x-direction
reach point B?
(b) of wavelength  metres
(c) of frequency 30/ Hertz 3g
(given:  3)
–4
(d) of amplitude 10 m travelling along the negative 2 2
D
x-direction.
71. For a transverse wave on a string, the string L/4 L/4
displacement is described by L/2
y = (x, t) = f(x – at) A B
where f represents a function and a is a negative
constant. Then which of the following is/are correct
statement(s)? M M
(a) Shape of the string at time t = 0 is given by f(x)
(b) The shape of wave form does not change as it
moves along the string
(c) Wave form moves in +ve x-direction
(d) The speed of waveform is a
WAVES 152

75. Two narrow cylindrical pipes A and B have the same y2 = a sin 2008 t
length. Pipe A is open at both ends and is filled with a The number of beats (in Hz) heard per second is:
monoatomic gas of molar mass MA. Pipe B is open at 83. A tuning fork of frequency 480 Hz produces 10
one end and closed at the other end, and is filled with beat/s, when sounded with a vibrating sonometer
a diatomic gas of molar mass MB. Both gases are at
string. What must be frequency (in Hz) of the string,
the same temperature. If the frequency of the second
if a slight increase in tension produces more beats per
harmonic of the fundamental mode in pipe A is equal
to the frequency of the third harmonic of the sec, then before?
MA Assertion & Reason
fundamental mode in pipe B, if the value of is
MB
(A) If both Assertion and Reason are true and reason
100n is the correct explanation of the assertion.
, find the value of n.
63 (B) If both Assertion and Reason are true but reason
76. A “pop” gun consists of a tube 25 cm long closed at is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
one end by a cork and at the other end by a tightly (C) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(D) If both Assertion and Reason are false.
fitted piston. The piston is pushed slowly in. When
the pressure rises to one and half times the 84. Assertion: Both transverse and longitudinal
atmospheric pressure, the cork is violently blown out. mechanical waves can propagate in solids but only
longitudinal mechanical waves can propagate in
Calculate the frequency of the “pop” caused by its
gases.
ejection. Reason: Gases cannot withstand a shearing stress;
(v = 340 m/s) hence they have only bulk modulus. Choose the
77. A weight is attached to the free end of a sonometer correct statement from the following.
wire. It gives resonance at a length 40 cm when it is (a) A (b) B
in resonance with a tuning fork of frequency 512 Hz. (c) C (d) D
The weight is then immersed wholly in water, the 85. Assertion: Compression and rarefaction involve
resonant length is reduced to 30 cm. The relative changes in density and pressure.
16 Reason: When particles are compressed, density of
density in which weight suspended is , find the medium increases and when they are rarefied, density
n
value of n of medium decreases.
78. Two tuning forks A and B produce 10 beats per (a) A (b) B
second when sounded together. On slightly loading (c) C (d) D
fork A with a little wax, it was observed that 15 beats 86. Assertion: The phase difference between two
medium particles having a path difference  is 2  .
are heard per second. If the frequency of fork B is 480
Reason: The phase difference is directly proportional
Hz, what is the frequency (in Hz) of fork A before it
to path difference of a particle.
was loaded?
(a) A (b) B
79. Nine tuning forks are arranged in order of increasing
(c) C (d) D
frequency. Each tuning fork produces 4 beats per
87. Assertion: Sound would travel faster on a hot
second when sounded with either of its neighbours. If summer day than on a cold winter day.
the frequency of the 9th tuning fork is twice that of Reason: Velocity of sound is directly proportional to
the first, what is the frequency (in Hz) of the first the square of its absolute temperature.
tuning fork? (a) A (b) B
80. A tuning fork produces 4 beats per second when (c) C (d) D
sounded with a sonometer of vibrating length 48 cm. 88. Assertion: Where two vibrating tuning forks having
It produces 4 beats per second also when the vibrating frequencies 256 Hz and 512 Hz are held near each
length is 50 cm. What is the frequency (in Hz) of the other, beats cannot be heard.
tuning fork? Reason: The principle of superposition is valid only
81. 1 = 100 cm, 2 = 99 cm and velocity of sound if the frequencies of the oscillators are nearly equal.
= 396 m/s. The number of beats (in Hz) is:
82. Following two wave trains are approaching each (a) A (b) B
other: (c) C (d) D
y1 = a sin 2000 t
WAVES 153

93. What is the displacement of the particle of the string

Match the Following at x = 50 cm at time t = 0.05 s?
Each question has two columns. Four options are given
1
representing matching of elements from Column-I and (a) cm (b) 2cm
2
Column-II. Only one of these four options corresponds to
a correct matching. For each question, choose the option 3 2
corresponding to the correct matching. (c) cm (d) cm
2 3
89. Match the column
Column–I Column–II
94. What is the velocity of this particle at this instant?
(a) Wave in solids (p) Transverse only
(b) Electromagnetic (q) Can be transverse (a) 10 2  cm/ s (b) 40 2  cm/s
waves or longitudinal
(c) Longitudinal (r) Require a medium (c) 30 2  cm / s (d) 20 2  cm / s
waves to propagate
(d) Pressure waves (s) Elastic parameters Use the following passage, solve Q. 95 to Q. 97
dependent Passage – 2
90. Match the column:
For the travelling wave A train approaching a hill at a speed of 40 km/hr sounds a
y = 0.02 sin 2 (10t – 5x), (all in SI units) whistle of frequency 580 Hz when it is at a distance of 1 km
Column–I Column–II
from the hill. A wind with a speed of 40 km/hr is blowing in
(a) Speed of wave (p) 10
(b) Frequency of (q) 0.4  the direction of motion of train.
wave Velocity of sound = 1200 km/hr.
(c) Wavelength of (r) 2
95. Find the frequency of the whistle as heard by an
wave
(d) Maximum particle (s) 0.2 observer on the hill
speed (a) 599.33 Hz (b) 590.33 Hz
Paragraph Type Questions (c) 582.30 Hz (d) 370.22 Hz

Use the following passage, solve Q. 91 to Q. 94 96. What is the distance from the hill at which the echo
Passage – 1 from the hill is heard by the driver?
A long string having a cross-sectional area 0.80 mm2 and 15 20
(a) km (b) km
density 12.5 g/cm3 is subjected to a tension of 64 N along 16 31
the x-axis. One end (at x = 0) of this string is attached to a
vibrator moving in transverse direction at a frequency of 20 17 29
(c) km (d) km
Hz. 18 30
At, t = 0, the source is at a maximum displacement y = 97. What is the frequency heard by the driver?
1.0cm.
(a) 620 Hz (b) 630 Hz
91. Find the speed of the wave travelling on the string.
(a) 20 m/s (b) 10 m/s (c) 650 Hz (d) 640 Hz
(c) 80 m/s (d) 40 m/s
92. Write the equation for the wave.
–1 –1
(a) y = (1.0 cm) cos [(40 s ) t – {(/2m ) x}]
–1 –1
(b) y = (1.0 cm) cos [(40 s ) t + {(/2m ) x}]
–1 –1
(c) y = (1.0 cm) cos [(40 s ) t – {(/4m ) x}]
–1 –1
(d) y = (1.0 cm) cos [(40 s )t + {(/4m )x}]
WAVES 154

Use the following passage, solve Q. 98 to Q. 100 100. In a detective system, the apparent frequency found
Passage – 3 with the source moving with a speed u = 0.8v is f1 and
RADAR is the acronym of radio detection and ranging. the source being at rest and the RADAR moving with
A radar detects an enemy aircraft by the use of radio-waves u = 0.9v is f2, then
which are received after reflection. In analogy with plane (a) f1 = f2 (b) f1 > f2
mirror reflection, one can take the reflected wave to be 8
coming from a virtual source. If the reflector is moving with (c) f1 < f2 (d) f 2  f1
9
a speed u, the speed of source relative the receiver can be 2u.
Even when this kind of motion exist with the source and to
the receiver, Doppler’s effect can be applied. According to
Doppler’s effect as a source and an observer are approaching
each other, the apparent frequency f’, of a signal of
frequency f is,
 v  v0 
f ' f  
 v  vs 
Using the elaborated idea solve the following questions:
98. If an aircraft is approaching a given radar with a
speed u, the apparent frequency of f, received by the
radar will be [v – velocity of electromagnetic wave]

 v   v 
(a) f   (b) f  
 v u   v u 
 v   v 
(c) f   (d) f  
vu   v  2u 
99. The apparent decrease in frequency, if the air-craft
moves away is
2u u
(a) f (b) f
v v
u 2uf
(c) f (d)
2v v  2u
WAVES 155

EXERCISE – 4: PREVIOUS YEARS JEE ADVANCED QUESTIONS

1. A sonometer wire resonates with a given tuning fork 5. A closed organ pipe of length L and an open organ
forming standing waves with five antinodes between pipe contain gases of densities 1 and 2 respectively.
the two bridges when a mass of 9 kg is suspended The compressibility of gases are equal in both the
from the wire. When this mass is replaced by mass M. pipes. Both the pipes are vibrating in their first
The wire resonates with the same tuning fork forming overtone with same frequency. The length of the open
three antinodes for the same positions of the bridges. organ pipe is
The value of M is: [2002] [2004]
(a) 25 kg (b) 5 kg L 4L
(c) 12.5 kg (d) 1/25 kg (a) (b)
3 3
2. In the experiment for the determination of the speed
of sound in air using the resonance column method, 4L 1 4L 2
(c) (d)
the length of the air column that resonates in the 3 2 3 1
fundamental mode, with a tuning fork is 0.1 m. When 6. An open pipe is in resonance in 2nd harmonic with
this length is changed to 0.35 m, the same tuning fork frequency f1. Now one end of the tube is closed and
resonates with the first overtone. Calculate the end frequency is increased to f2 such that the resonance
correction. [2003]
again occurs in nth harmonic. Choose the correct
(a) 0.012 m (b) 0.025 m
option. [2005]
(c) 0.05 m (d) 0.024 m
3. A police car moving at 22 m/s chases a motorcyclist.
3 5
(a) n  3, f 2  f1 (b) n  3, f 2  f1
The police man sounds his horn at 176 Hz, while both 4 4
of them move towards a stationary siren of frequency 5 3
(c) n  5, f 2  f1 (d) n  5, f 2  f1
165 Hz. Calculate the speed of the motorcycle. If it is 4 4
given that the motorcyclist does not observe any beats 7. A tuning fork of 512 Hz is used to produce resonance
(speed of sound = 330 m/s) [2004] in a resonance tube experiment. The level of water at
first resonance is 30.7 cm and at second resonance is
63.2 cm. The error in calculating velocity of sound is:
[2005]
(a) 204.1 cm/s (b) 110 cm/s
(c) 58 cm/s (d) 280 cm/s
8. A massless rod BD is suspended by two identical
(a) 33 m/s (b) 22 m/s massless strings AB and CD of equal lengths. A block
(c) zero (d) 11 m/s of mass m is suspended from point P such that BP is
4. A source of sound of frequency 600 Hz is placed equal to x. If the fundamental frequency of the left
inside water. The speed of sound in water is 1500 m/s wire is twice the fundamental frequency of right wire,
and in air it is 300 m/s. The frequency of sound then the value of x is: [2006]
recorded by an observer who is standing in air is
[2004]
(a) 200 Hz (b) 3000 Hz
(c) 120 Hz (d) 600 Hz

(a) l/5 (b) l/4

(c) 4l/5 (d) 3l/4
WAVES 156

Paragraph Type Questions 13. The distribution of the sound intensity of the whistle
Use the following passage, solve Q. 9 to Q. 11 as observed by the passengers in train A is best
Passage - 1 represented by [2007]
Two plane harmonic sound waves are expressed by the (a)
equations.
y1 (x, t) = A cos (0.5 x – 100 t)
y2 (x, t) = A cos (0.46 x – 92 t)
(All parameters are in MKS)
9. How many times does an observer hear maximum
intensity in one second? [2006]
(a) 4 (b) 10 f1 f2 Frequency
(c) 6 (d) 8 (b)
10. What is the speed of the sound?
[2006]
(a) 200 m/s (b) 180 m/s
(c) 192 m/s (d) 96 m/s
11. At x = 0 how many times the amplitude of y1 + y2 is
zero in one second? [2006]
f1 f2 Frequency
(a) 192 (b) 48
(c)
(c) 100 (d) 96
Paragraph Type Questions
Use the following passage, solve Q. 12 to Q. 14
Passage - 2
Two trains A and B are moving with speeds 20 m/s and
30 m/s respectively in the same direction on the same
straight track, with B ahead of A. The engines are at the f1 f2 Frequency
front ends. The engine of train A blows a long whistle. (d)

f1 f2 Frequency f1 f2 Frequency
Assume that the sound of the whistle is composed of 14. The spread of frequency as observed by the
components varying in frequency from f1 = 800 Hz to passengers in train B is
f2 = 1120 Hz, as shown in the figure. The spread in the [2007]
(a) 310 Hz (b) 330 Hz
frequency (highest frequency–lowest frequency) is thus
(c) 350 Hz (d) 290 Hz
320 Hz. The speed of sound in air is 340 m/s.
12. The speed of sound of the whistle is [2007]
(a) 340 m/s for passengers in A and 310 m/s for
passengers in B
(b) 360 m/s for passengers in A and 310 m/s for
passengers in B
(c) 310 m/s for passengers in A and 360 m/s for
passengers in B
(d) 340 m/s for passengers in both the trains
WAVES 157

15. A transverse sinusoidal wave moves along a string in 18. A 20 cm long string, having a mass of 1.0 g, is fixed
the positive x–direction at a speed of 10 cm/s. The at both the ends. The tension in the string is 0.5 N.
wavelength of the wave is 0.5 m and its amplitude is
The string is set into vibration using an external
10 cm. At a particular time t, the snap-shot of the
wave is shown in figure. The velocity of point P when vibrator of frequency 100 Hz. Find the separation (in
its displacement is 5 cm is: [2008] cm) between the successive nodes on the string.
[2009]
19. A stationary source is emitting sound at a fixed
frequency f0, which is reflected by two cars
approaching the source. The difference between the
frequencies of sound reflected from the cars is 1.2%
of f0. What is the difference in the speeds of the cars
3 ˆ 3 ˆ
(a) jm/s (b)  jm/s
50 50 (in km per hour) to the nearest integer? The cars are
3 ˆ 3 ˆ moving at constant speeds much smaller than the
(c) i m/s (d)  im/s
50 50 speed of sound which is 330 ms .
–1
[2009]
16. A vibrating string of certain length l under a tension T
20. When two progressive waves y1 = 4 sin (2x – 6t) and
resonates with a mode corresponding to the first
overtone (third harmonic) of an air column of length  
y2 = 3 sin  2 x  6t   are superimposed, the
75 cm inside a tube closed at one end. The string also  2
generates 4 beats/s when excited along with a tuning
fork of frequency n. Now when the tension of the amplitude of the resultant wave is [2010]
string is slightly increased the number of beats 21. A hollow pipe of length 0.8 m is closed at one end. At
reduces to 2 per second. Assuming the velocity of its open end a 0.5 m long uniform string is vibrating
sound in air to be 340 m/s, the frequency n of the
in its second harmonic and it resonates with the
tuning fork in Hz is: [2008]
(a) 344 (b) 336 fundamental frequency of the pipe. If the tension in
(c) 117.3 (d) 109.3 the wire is 50 N and the speed of sound is 320 ms ,
–1

17. A student performed the experiment to measure the

the mass of the string is: [2010]
speed of sound in air using resonance air-column
method. Two resonances in the air-column were (a) 5 g (b) 10 g
obtained by lowering the water level. The resonance (c) 20 g (d) 40
with the shorter air-column is the first resonance and
22. A police car with a siren of frequency 8 kHz is
that with the longer air column is the second
resonance. Then, [2009] moving with uniform velocity 36 km/h towards a tall
(e) the intensity of the sound heard at the first building which reflects the sound waves. The speed
resonance was more than that at the second
of sound in air is 320 m/s. The frequency of the siren
resonance
(f) the prongs of the tuning fork were kept in a heard by the car driver is [2011]
horizontal plane above the resonance tube (a) 8.50 kHz (b) 8.25 kHz
(g) the amplitude of vibration of the ends of the (c) 7.75 kHz (d) 7.50 kHz
prongs is typically around 1 cm
(h) the length of the air–column at the first resonance
was somewhat shorter than l/4th of the wavelength
of the sound in air
WAVES 158

23. Column-I show four systems, each of the same (d) a high-pressure pulse starts travelling up the pipe,
length L, for producing standing waves. The lowest if the other end of the pipe is closed.
possible natural frequency of a system is called its 26. A student is performing an experiment using a
fundamental frequency, whose wavelength is denoted resonance column and a tuning fork of frequency
as f Match each system with statements given in 244 s-1. He is told that the air in the tube has been
Column-II describing the nature and wavelength of replaced by another gas (assume that the column
the standing waves. [2011] remains filled with the gas). If the minimum height at
Column-I Column-II which resonance occurs is (0.350  0.005) m, the gas
(A) Pipe closed at one (p) Longitudinal in the tube is
end waves (Useful information: 167 RT  640 J 1/ 2 mole 1/ 2 ;
140 RT  590 J 1/ 2 mole 1/ 2 . The molar masses M in
grams are given in the options. Take the values of
O L 10
for each gas as given there.) [2014]
(B) Pipe open at both (q) Transverse M
ends waves 10 7
(a) Neon (M = 20,  )
20 10
10 3
O L (b) Nitrogen (M = 28,  )
28 5
(C) Stretched wire (r) f = L
clamped at both ends 10 9
(c) Oxygen (M = 32,  )
32 16
O L 10 17
(d) Argon (M = 36,  )
(D) Stretched wire (s) f = 2L 36 32
27. One end of a taut string of length 3m along the x axis
clamped at both ends
is fixed at x = 0. The speed of the waves in the string
and at mid-point is 100 ms-1. The other end of the string is vibrating in
the y direction so that stationary waves are set up in
O L the string. The possible waveform (s) of these
L/2 stationary waves is (are) [2014]
(t) f = 4L
x 50 t
(a) y (t) = A sin cos
6 3
24. A student is performing the experiment of resonance
column. The diameter of the column tube is 4 cm.  x 100 t
(b) y (t) = A sin cos
The frequency of the tuning fork is 512 Hz. The air 3 3
temperature is 38°C in which the speed of sound is 5 x 250 t
(c) y (t) = A sin cos
336 m/s. The zero of the meter scale coincides with 6 3
the top end of the resonance column tube. When the 5 x
(d) y (t) = A sin cos 250 t
first resonance occurs, the reading of the water level 2
in the column is [2012] 28. A container of fixed volume has a mixture of one
(a) 14.0 cm (b) 15.2 cm mole of hydrogen and one mole of helium in
(c) 16.4 cm (d) 17.6 cm equilibrium at temperature T. Assuming the gases are
ideal, the correct statement (s) is (are) [2015]
25. A person blows into open-end of a long pipe. As a
(a) The average energy per mole of the gas mixture is
result, a high-pressure pulse of air travels down the 2RT
pipe. When this pulse reaches the other end of the (b) The ratio of speed of sound in the gas mixture to
pipe, [2012] that in helium gas is 6 / 5
(a) a high-pressure pulse starts travelling up the pipe, (c) The ratio of the rms speed of helium atoms to that
if the other end of the pipe is open. 1
(b) a low-pressure pulse starts travelling up the pipe, of hydrogen molecules is
2
if the other end of the pipe is open (d) The ratio of the rms speed of helium atoms to that
(c) a low-pressure pulse starts travelling up the pipe, 1
of hydrogen molecules is
if the other end of the pipe is closed 2
WAVES 159

29. Four harmonic waves of equal frequencies and equal 32. A train S1, moving with a uniform velocity of 108
  km/h, approaches another train S2 standing on a
intensities I0 have phases angles  and  . platform. An observer O moves with a uniform
 
When they are superposed, the intensity of the velocity of 36 km/h towards S2, as shown in figure.
resulting wave is nI0 .The value of n is. [2015] Both the trains are blowing whistles of same
frequency 120 Hz. When O is 600 m away from S2
30. Two loudspeakers M and N are located 20 m apart
and distance between S1 and S2 is 800 m, the number
and emit sound at frequencies 118 Hz and 121 Hz,
of beats heard by O is ……… (Speed of the sound =
respectively. A car is initially at a point P, 1800 m
330) [2019]
away from the midpoint Q of the line MN and moves
towards Q constantly at 60 km/hr along the
perpendicular bisector of MN. It crosses Q and
eventually reaches a point R, 1800 m away from Q.
Let v(t) represent the beat frequency measured by a
person sitting in the car at time t. Let fP, fQ and fR be
the beat frequencies measured at locations P, Q and
R, respectively. The speed of sound in air is 330 ms-1.
Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true
33. A musical instrument is made using four different
regarding the sound heard by the person? [2016]
metal strings 1, 2, 3 and 4 with mass per unit length
(a) The plot below represents schematically the
 , 2  , 3 and 4  respectively. The instrument is
variation of beat frequency with time
played by vibrating the strings by varying the free
length in between the range L0 and 2L0. It is found
that in string 1(  ) at free length L0 and tension T0
the fundamental mode frequency is f0. [2019]

List-I List-II
(b) The plot below represents schematically the (I) String-1 (  ) (P) 1
variation of beat frequency with time (II) String-2 (2  ) (Q) 1
2
(III) String-3 (2  ) (R) 1
2
(IV) String-4 (4  ) (S) 1
3
(T) 3
(c) The rate of change in beat frequency is maximum 16
when the car passes through Q (U) 1
(d) fP + fR = 2 fQ
31. Two men are walking along a horizontal straight line 16
in the same direction. The man in front walks at a The length of the strings 1, 2, 3 and 4 are kept fixed at
speed 1.0 ms-1 and the man behind walks at a speed 3L 5 L 7L
L0, 0 , 0 and 0 , respectively. Strings 1, 2, 3 and
2.0 ms-1. A third man is standing at a height 12 m 2 4 4
above the same horizontal line such that all three men 4 are vibrated at their 1st, 3rd, 5th and 14th
are in a vertical plane. The two walking men are harmonics, respectively such that all the strings have
blowing identical whistles which emit a sound of same frequency. The correct match for the tension in
frequency 1430 Hz. The speed of sound in air is 330 the four strings in the units of T0 will be:
ms-1. At the instant, when the moving men are 10 m (a) I  P, II  R, III  T, IV  U
apart, the stationary man is equidistant from them. (b) I  P, II  Q, III  R, IV  T
The frequency of beats in Hz, heard by the stationary (c) I  P, II  Q, III  T, IV  U
man at this instant, is ……… [2018] (d) I  T, II  Q, III  R, IV  U
WAVES 160

34. A stationary tuning fork is in resonance with an air

column in a pipe. If the tuning fork is moved with a
speed of 2 ms-1 in front of the open end of the pipe
and parallel to it, the length of the pipe should be
changed for the resonance to occur with the moving
tuning fork. If the speed of sound in air is 320 ms-1,
the smallest value of the percentage change required
in the length of the pipe is ………… [2020]
35. A source, approaching with speed u towards the open
end of a stationary pipe of length L, is emitting a When only S 2 is emitting sound and it is Q , the
sound of frequency f s . The farther end of the pipe is frequency of sound measured by the detector in Hz is
closed. The speed of sound in air is v and f 0 is the _____ [2023]
fundamental frequency of the pipe. For which of the 38. S1 and S1 are identical sound sources of frequency
following combination(s) of u and fs will the sound 656 Hz. The source S1 is located at O and S 2 moves
reaching the pipe lead to a resonance? [2021] anti-clockwise with a uniform speed 4 2 ms 1 on a
(a) u=0.8 v and f s  f 0 circular path around O, as shown in the figure. There
(b) u=0.8 v and f s  2 f 0 are three points P, Q and R on this path such that P
(c) u=0.8 v and f s  0.5 f 0 and R are diametrically opposite while Q is
(d) u=0.5 v and f s  1.5 f 0 equidistant from them. A sound detector is placed at
36. 3
A string of length 1 m and mass 2  10 kg is under point P . The source S1 can move along direction
tension T. When the string vibrates, two successive OP .
harmonics are found to occur at frequencies 750 Hz [Given: The speed of sound in air is 324 ms-1]
and 1000 Hz. The value of tension T is _____
Newton. [2023]
Paragraph Type Questions
Use the following passage, solve Q. 37 and Q. 38
Passage - 3
37. S1 and S1 are identical sound sources of frequency
656 Hz. The source S1 is located at O and S 2 moves
anti-clockwise with a uniform speed 4 2 ms 1 on a
circular path around O, as shown in the figure. There Consider both sources emitting sound. When S 2 is at
are three points P, Q and R on this path such that P
R and S1 approaches the detector with a speed
and R are diametrically opposite while Q is
4 ms1 , the beat frequency measured by the detector
equidistant from them. A sound detector is placed at
is ______ Hz. [2023]
point P . The source S1 can move along direction
OP .
[Given: The speed of sound in air is 324 ms-1]
ANSWER KEY 169

Answer Key
CHAPTER - 13 WAVES

EXERCISE - 1 : EXERCISE - 2 :
BASIC OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS PREVIOUS YEARS JEE MAIN QUESTIONS

DIRECTION TO USE - DIRECTION TO USE -

Scan the QR code and check detailed solutions. Scan the QR code and check detailed solutions.

1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 1.(a) 2.(c) 3.(b) 4. (d)

5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (a) 5.(8.00) 6.(8.00) 7.(2.00) 8.(1215)
9. (a) 10. (d) 11. (b) 12. (d) 9.(4.00) 10. (a) 11. (c) 12. (b)
13. (d) 14. (c) 15. (c) 16. (b) 13. (a) 14. (d) 15. (a) 16. (d)
17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (d) 20. (b) 17. (b) 18. (104.00) 19. (200.00) 20. (3.00)
21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (a) 21. (340.00) 22. (15.00) 23. (20.00) 24. (60.00)
25. (180) 26. (c) 27. (d) 28. (c) 25. (5.00) 26. (80.00) 27. (152.00) 28. (50.00)
29. (d) 30.(a) 31. (a) 32. (a) 29. (c) 30. (b) 31. (b) 32. (a)
33. (b) 34.(d) 35.(d) 36. (120) 33. (d) 34. (18.00) 35. (420) 36. (900)
37. (a) 38.(d) 39.(b) 40. (a) 37. (60) 38. (20) 39. (1152) 40. (80)
41. (1) 42. (90) 43. (500)
41. (b) 42.(a) 43.(a) 44. (b)
45. (b) 46.(b) 47.(d) 48. (a)
49. (c) 50.(b) 51. (a) 52. (b)
53. (d) 54.(45) 55.(a) 56. (a)
57. (d) 58.(c) 59.(a) 60. (c)
61. (c) 62.(b) 63.(10) 64. (b)
65. (c) 66.(c) 67. (c) 68. (b)
69. (d) 70.(a) 71. (b) 72. (a)
73. (b) 74.(c) 75. (720)
ANSWER KEY 170

CHAPTER - 13 WAVES

EXERCISE - 3: EXERCISE - 4:
ADVANCED OBJECTIVE QUESTION PREVIOUS YEARS JEE ADVANCED QUESTIONS

DIRECTION TO USE - DIRECTION TO USE -

Scan the QR code and check detailed solutions. Scan the QR code and check detailed solutions.

1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (b) 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (d)

5. (b) 6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (a) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (a)
9. (b) 10. (c) 11. (b) 12. (b) 9. (a) 10. (a) 11. (c) 12. (b)
13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (d) 16. (b) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (a)
17. (d) 18. (c) 19. (c) 20. (d) 17. (a,d) 18. (5.00) 19. (7.00) 20. (5.00)
21. (a) 22. (a) 23. (c) 24. (b) 21. (b) 22. (a)
25. (c) 26. (d) 27. (a) 28. (a) 23. (A – p, t; B – p, s; C – q, s; D – q, r)
29. (a) 30.(a) 31. (b) 32. (a) 24. (b) 25. (b,d) 26. (d)
33. (d) 34.(b) 35.(d) 36. (b) 27. (a,c,d) 28.(a,b,d) 29.(3.00) 30.(a,b,c)
37. (d) 38.(c) 39.(c) 40. (d) 31.(5.00) 32.(8.13) 33.(c) 34.(0.62 to
41. (d) 42.(b) 43.(b) 44. (d) 0.63)
45. (b) 46.(d) 47.(a) 48. (b) 35.(a,d) 36.(5) 37.(648) 38.(8.2)
49. (b) 50.(d) 51. (a) 52. (b)
53. (c) 54.(a) 55.(a) 56. (b)
57. (b) 58.(b) 59.(d) 60. (b)
61. (b) 62.(b) 63.(d) 64. (c)
65. (b,c) 66.(b,c) 67. (b,c) 68. (a,b)
69. (b,c) 70. (c,d) 71. (a,b,d)
72. (a,b,c,d) 73. (a,c) 74. (50)
75. (4.00) 76. (510) 77. (7.00) 78. (470)
79. (32) 80.(196) 81. (4.00) 82. (4.00)
83. (490) 84.(a) 85.(a) 86. (b)
87. (c) 88.(c)
89. (a-q; b - p; c - r, s; d - r)
90. (a - r; b - p; c - s; d - q)
91. (c) 92. (a) 93.(a) 94. (d)
95. (a) 96.(d) 97. (a) 98. (d)
99. (a) 100.(c)