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3.2 Interrupts - Counters - Timers

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43 views17 pages

3.2 Interrupts - Counters - Timers

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phuc.phan246
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- CO3009 -

- Working with Time: Interrupts,


Counters, and Timers -
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 2

Timer in Stm32F103
§ Advanced-control timers (TIM1 and TIM8)
§ General-purpose timers (TIM2 to TIM5)
§ Basic timers (TIM6 and TIM7)
§ General-purpose timers (TIM9 to TIM14)
§ Real-time clock (RTC)
§ Independent watchdog (IWDG)
§ Window watchdog (WWDG)

anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 3

General-purpose Timers (TIM2 to TIM5)


§ The general-purpose timers consist of a 16-bit auto-reload counter
driven by a programmable prescaler.

§ They may be used for a variety of purposes, including:


▫ measuring the pulse lengths of input signals (input capture) or
▫ generating output waveforms (output compare and PWM).

§ Pulse lengths and waveform periods can be modulated from a few


microseconds to several milliseconds using the timer prescaler and the
RCC clock controller prescalers.

§ The timers are completely independent, and do not share any


resources.
anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 4

General-purpose TIMx Timer Features


§ 16-bit up, down, up/down auto-reload counter.
§ 16-bit programmable prescaler used to divide (also “on the fly”) the counter clock
frequency by any factor between 1 and 65536.
§ Up to 4 independent channels for:
▫ Input capture
▫ Output compare
▫ PWM generation (Edge- and Center-aligned modes)
▫ One-pulse mode output
§ Synchronization circuit to control the timer with external signals and to interconnect several
timers.
§ Interrupt/DMA generation on the following events:
▫ Update: counter overflow/underflow, counter initialization (by software or internal/external trigger)
▫ Trigger event (counter start, stop, initialization or count by internal/external trigger)
▫ Input capture
▫ Output compare
§ Supports incremental (quadrature) encoder and hall-sensor circuitry for positioning
purposes
§ Trigger input for external clock or cycle-by-cycle current management
anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 5

anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 6

TIMx Functional Description


§ Time-base unit
▫ Prescaler description

§ Counter modes
▫ Upcounting mode
▫ Downcounting mode
▫ Center-aligned mode (up/down counting)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VfbW6nfG4kw&t=637s

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lPCnbnfwLIAEaNPWvPxO6MSJ1Psvruva/view?usp=sharing
anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 7

anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 8

anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 9

Clock Selection
§ The counter clock can be provided by the following clock sources:
▫ Internal clock (CK_INT)
▫ External clock mode1: external input pin (TIx)
▫ External clock mode2: external trigger input (ETR).
▫ Internal trigger inputs (ITRx): using one timer as prescaler for another timer, for
example, Timer1 can be configured to act as a prescaler for Timer 2.

Questions?
§ How to configure the upcounter to count in response to a rising edge
on the TI2 input?
§ How to configure the upcounter to count each 2 rising edges on ETR?
anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 10

Capture/Compare Channels
§ Each Capture/Compare channel is built around a capture/compare register
(including a shadow register),
§ An input stage for capture (with digital filter, multiplexing and prescaler) and an
output stage (with comparator and output control)

anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 11

Capture/Compare Channels

anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 12

Capture/Compare Channels

anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 13

Input/Output Capture/Compare Mode


§ Input Capture Mode
▫ How to capture the counter value in TIMx_CCR1 when TI1 input rises?
▫ What happens when an input capture occurs?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZ0uszK2PMo

§ Output Compare Mode


▫ This function is used to control an output waveform or indicating when a period of
time has elapsed.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1F50A8NR4AR2zPZc7wvRDJZjfTO18WId1/view?usp=sharing

anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 14

PWM Input Mode


§ This mode is a particular case of input capture mode. The procedure is
the same except:
▫ Two ICx signals are mapped on the same TIx input.
▫ These 2 ICx signals are active on edges with opposite polarity.
▫ One of the two TIxFP signals is selected as trigger input and the slave mode
controller is configured in reset mode.

Questions
§ How to measure the period and the duty cycle of a PWM signal?
§ How to measure the period and the duty cycle of the PWM applied on
TI1?
https://drive.google.com/file/d/17RvIlt_PaihrqqBR-7AkB0DLXMItwL_b/view?usp=sharing
anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 15

PWM Mode
§ Pulse width modulation mode allows generating a signal with:
▫ A frequency determined by the value of the TIMx_ARR register and
▫ A duty cycle determined by the value of the TIMx_CCRx register.

§ The PWM mode can be selected independently on each channel (one


PWM per OCx output) by writing 110 (PWM mode 1) or ‘111 (PWM
mode 2) in the OCxM bits in the TIMx_CCMRx register.

§ The user must enable the corresponding preload register by setting the
OCxPE bit in the TIMx_CCMRx register, and eventually the auto-reload
preload register by setting the ARPE bit in the TIMx_CR1 register.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=92_CWBWXPw0
anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 16

Exercises
§ Write a program to generate a square wave on pin PD5 (1 kHz)
▫ Using HAL_Delay(uint32_t ms) function

§ Write a program using Timer3 to generate a square wave on pin PD5 (1


kHz)

§ Generate square waves on pins PD1 (10 Hz) and PD7 (100 Hz)
respectively.

anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn
CO3009 – Interrupts, Counters and Timers 17

Exercises (cont)
§ Use Timer2 and Timer3 interrupts to generate square waves on pins
PD1 (10 Hz) and PD7 (100 Hz) respectively.

§ Use Timer3 interrupts to generate square waves on pins PD1 (10 Hz)
and PD7 (100 Hz) respectively.

§ Write a program to count up PD[0-7] every 1 second using TIMER3


interrupt.

anhpham@hcmut.edu.vn

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