Follows the revised HSC syllabus prescribed by the Maharashtra State Board

of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education, Pune.

STD. XII Sci.

Board
A collection of
2013
to

Questions
2017

Physics  Chemistry  Mathematics  Biology

Includes all board questions from 2013 to 2017 and

several other relevant questions from previous years.

Salient Features
• Subjects covered: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Biology.
• Includes all board questions from 2013 till date.
• Also covers questions from previous years which fall under the current revised
syllabus.
• Board questions include: MCQs, Theory questions and Numericals.
• Topic-wise flow of the board questions.

Printed at: Repro India Ltd., Mumbai

© Target Publications Pvt. Ltd.

No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, C.D. ROM/Audio Video Cassettes or electronic, mechanical
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P.O. No. 55964

10300_11570_JUP
Chapter No. Units Page No.
Physics ‐ I 1
1 Circular Motion 2
2 Gravitation 6
3 Rotational Motion 10
4 Oscillations 14
5 Elasticity 19
6 Surface Tension 22
7 Wave Motion 25
8 Stationary Waves 30
9 Kinetic Theory of Gases and Radiation 34
Physics – II 39
10 Wave Theory of light 40
11 Interference and Diffraction 43
12 Electrostatics 48
13 Current Electricity 52
14 Magnetic Effect of Electric Current 55
15 Magnetism 58
16 Electromagnetic Induction 60
17 Electrons and Photons 64
18 Atoms, Molecules and Nuclei 67
19 Semiconductors 70
20 Communication System 72
Chemistry – I 74
1 Solid State 75
2 Solutions and Colligative Properties 77
3 Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics 79
4 Electrochemistry 82
5 Chemical Kinetics 84
6 General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements 86
7 pBlock Elements 88
Chemistry – II 90
8 d and fBlock Elements 91
9 Coordination Compounds 93
10 Halogen Derivatives of Alkanes and Arenes 94
11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 96
12 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 98
13 Compounds Containing Nitrogen 100
14 Biomolecules 102
15 Polymers 103
16 Chemistry in Everyday Life 104
Chapter No. Units Page No.
Maths – I 105
1 Mathematical Logic 106
2 Matrices 108
3 Trigonometric Functions 110
4 Pair of Straight Lines 112
5 Vectors 113
6 Three Dimensional Geometry 115
7 Line 116
8 Plane 117
9 Linear Programming 118
Maths – II 119
1 Continuity 120
2 Differentiation 121
3 Applications of Derivatives 123
4 Integration 124
5 Definite Integral 125
6 Applications of Definite Integral 126
7 Differential Equations 127
8 Probability Distribution 128
9 Binomial Distribution 130
Biology – I 131
1 Genetic Basis of Inheritance 132
2 Gene: It’s Nature, Expression and Regulation 133
3 Biotechnology: Process and Application 134
4 Enhancement in Food Production 136
5 Microbes in Human Welfare 137
6 Photosynthesis 139
7 Respiration 140
8 Reproduction in Plants 141
9 Organisms and Environment - I 143
Biology – II 144
10 Origin and Evolution of Life 145
11 Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance 146
12 Genetic Engineering and Genomics 147
13 Human Health and Diseases 149
14 Animal Husbandry 150
15 Circulation 151
16 Excretion and Osmoregulation 152
17 Control and Co-ordination 153
18 Human Reproduction 154
19 Organisms and Environment – II 156
Physics - I

1
Std. XII Sci.: Board Questions (Physics)

01 Circular Motion
8. The period of a conical pendulum in terms of
Multiple Choice Questions its length (l), semivertical angle () and
acceleration due to gravity (g) is: [Mar 15]
1. Angular speed of a minute hand of a wrist 1 l cos  1 l sin 
watch in rad/s is [Oct 10] (A) (B)
2 g 2 g
 
(A) (B) l cos  l tan 
60 900 (C) 4 (D) 4
  4g g
(C) (D)
1800 3600 9. The difference in tensions in the string at
2. The bulging of earth at the equator and lowest and highest points in the path of the
flattening at the poles is due to _______. particle of mass ‘m’ performing vertical
[Mar 14] circular motion is [July 16]
(A) centripetal force (A) 2 mg (B) 4 mg
(B) centrifugal force (C) 6 mg (D) 8 mg
(C) gravitational force 10. Out of the following equations which is
(D) electrostatic force WRONG? [Mar 12]
3. If a cycle wheel of radius 0.4 m completes one      

revolution in 2 seconds, then acceleration of (A)  r F (B) ar    v

     
the cycle is _______. [Mar 11] (C) at    r (D) v r  
(A) 0.4  m/s2 (B) 0.4 2 m/s2
2 0.4 11. A particle rotates in U.C.M. with tangential
(C) m/s2 (D) m/s2 velocity ‘v’ along a horizontal circle of
0.4 2
diameter ‘D’. Total angular displacement of
4. A body performing uniform circular motion the particle in time ‘t’ is _______. [Mar 16]
has _______. [Oct 08]
v
(A) constant velocity (A) vt (B)  t
(B) constant acceleration D
(C) constant kinetic energy vt 2vt
(C) (D)
(D) constant displacement 2D D
5. A stone is tied to a string and rotated in a
horizontal circle with constant angular velocity. Theory Questions
If the string is released, the stone flies _____
[Oct 09; Mar 10] 1. Define linear velocity. Derive the relation
(A) radially inward between linear velocity and angular velocity.
(B) radially outward [Mar 96, 02 08, 12; Oct 09]
(C) tangentially forward 2. Derive an expression for linear acceleration of
(D) tangentially backward a particle performing U.C.M. [Mar 98, 08]
6. A car is moving along a horizontal curve of 3. In U.C.M. (Uniform Circular Motion), prove
radius 20 m and coefficient of friction between   
the road and wheels of the car is 0.25. If the the relation v   r , where symbols have
acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2, then its their usual meanings. [Mar 16]
maximum speed is _______. [Mar 08]
(A) 3 m/s (B) 5 m/s 4. For a particle performing uniform circular
  
(C) 7 m/s (D) 9 m/s motion v = ω × r . Obtain an expression for
7. The time period of conical pendulum is linear acceleration of the particle performing
_______. [Oct 11] non-uniform circular motion. [Mar 14]
l cos  l sin    
(A) (B) 2 5. In circular motion, assuming v   r , obtain
g g
an expression for the resultant acceleration of
l cos  l sin  a particle in terms of tangential and radial
(C) 2 (D)
g g component. [Mar 15]
22
 Chapter 01 : Circular Motion
6. Derive an expression for radial acceleration of 21. Obtain an expression for optimum speed of a
a particle performing uniform circular motion. car on a banked road. [Oct 99]
Why is it so called? [Mar 04; Oct 05]
22. Explain the necessity of banking of the road.
7. What is centripetal and centrifugal force? [Mar 99; Oct 01, 06]
[Mar 04] 23. Show that the angle of banking is independent
of mass of vehicle. [Mar 10; Oct 10]
8. Define centripetal force and give its any two 24. Obtain an expression for maximum safety
examples. [Mar 11] speed with which a vehicle can be safely
9. What is pseudo force? Why centrifugal force driven along curved banked road.
is called pseudo force? [Oct 99] [Mar 10, 12; Oct 10]
25. Draw a diagram showing all components of
10. Distinguish between centripetal force and forces acting on a vehicle moving on a curved
centrifugal force. banked road. Write the necessary equation for
[Mar 05, 09, 10; Feb 13 old course] maximum safety, speed and state the
significance of each term involved in it.
11. Derive an expression for centripetal
[Oct 14]
acceleration of a particle performing uniform
circular motion. [Mar 02, 06] 26. Define angle of banking. Obtain an expression
for angle of banking of a curved road and
12. Explain the concept of centripetal force. show that angle of banking is independent of
[Mar 17] the mass of the vehicle.
[Mar 03, 97; Oct 03]
13. Explain
i. Centripetal force 27. A certain body remains stationary on the
ii. Centrifugal force. [Mar 00] vertical inner wall of a cylindrical drum of
radius ‘r’, rotating at a constant speed. Show
14. What is banking of road? that the minimum angular speed of the drum is
[Mar 99, 12; Oct 01, 06] g
, where “” is coefficient of friction
r
15. Define angle of banking. Draw a neat labelled
diagram showing different forces and their between the body and surface of the wall.
components acting on a vehicle moving on a [Oct 06]
banked road. [Oct 97] v2
28. For a conical pendulum prove that tan  =
rg
16. Draw a neat labelled diagram showing the
various forces and their components acting on [Oct 09]
a vehicle moving along curved banked road. 29. Define period of conical pendulum and obtain
[July 16] an expression for its time period.
[Oct 08, 09]
17. Define angle of banking. Obtain an expression
for angle of banking of a curved road and 30. Derive an expression for period of a conical
show that angle of banking is independent of pendulum. [Mar 08]
the mass of the vehicle. [Mar 03, 97; Oct 03] 31. Draw a neat labelled diagram of conical
18. What is banking of road? Obtain an expression pendulum. State the expression for its periodic
for angle of banking. On what factors does it time in terms of length. [Oct 15]
depend? [Oct 00, 02, 04; Mar 06] 32. Show that total energy of a body performing
vertical circular motion is conserved.
19. Derive the expression for the maximum speed [Mar 11]
of a vehicle on the banked road. State the
factors on which the optimum speed depends. 33. A particle of mass m, just completes the
[Mar 01] vertical circular motion. Derive the expression
for the difference in tensions at the highest and
20. Obtain an expression for maximum speed with the lowest points. [Mar 13]
which a vehicle can be driven safely on a
34. Derive an expression for linear velocity at
banked road. Show that the safety speed limit
lowest point and at highest point for a particle
is independent of the mass of the vehicle.
revolving in vertical circular motion.
[Mar 10; Oct 10] [Oct 11]
3
Std. XII Sci.: Board Questions (Physics)
12. Calculate the maximum speed with which a
Numericals
car can be safely driven along a curved road of
radius 30 m and banked at 30 with the
1. What is the angular speed of the minute hand horizontal [g = 9.8 m/s2]. [Mar 96]
of a clock? If the minute hand is 5 cm long.
What is the linear speed of its tip? [Oct 04] 13. A motorcyclist rounds a curve of radius 25 m at the
speed of 36 km/hr. The combined mass of
2. The minute hand of a clock is 8 cm long. motorcycle and motorcyclist is 150 kg.
Calculate the linear speed of an ant sitting at (g = 9.8 m/s2)
its tip. [Mar 05] What angle the motorcycle makes with
vertical? [Feb 13 old course]
3. The frequency of a particle performing
14. A vehicle is moving on a circular track whose
circular motion changes from 60 r.p.m to 180
surface is inclined towards the horizon at an
r.p.m in 20 second. Calculate the angular
acceleration. [Oct 98] angle of 10. The maximum velocity with
which it can move safely is 36 km / hr.
4. The spin dryer of a washing machine rotating Calculate the length of the circular track.
at 15 r.p.s. slows down to 5 r.p.s. after making [ = 3.142] [Mar 17]
50 revolutions. Find its angular acceleration. 15. A train rounds a curve of radius 150 m at a
[Mar 15] speed of 20 m/s. Calculate the angle of
banking so that there is no side thrust on the
5. The frequency of a spinning top is 10 Hz. If it rails. Also find the elevation of the outer rail
is brought to rest in 6.28 sec, find the angular over the inner rail, if the distance between the
acceleration of a particle on its surface. rails is 1 m. [Oct 96]
[Oct 05] 16. Find the angle which the bicycle and its rider
will make with the vertical when going round
6. If the frequency of revolution of an object
a curve at 27 km/hr on a horizontal curved
changes from 2 Hz to 4 Hz in 2 second,
road of radius 10 m. [g = 9.8 m/s2]
calculate its angular acceleration. [Oct 03]
[Mar 98]
7. A car of mass 1500 kg rounds a curve of 17. Find the angle of banking of curved railway
radius 250 m at 90 km/hour. Calculate the track of radius 600 m, if the maximum safety
centripetal force acting on it. [Mar 13] speed limit is 54 km/hr. If the distance
between the rails is 1.6 m. find the elevation of
8. An object of mass 400 g is whirled in a the outer track above the inner track.
horizontal circle of radius 2 m. If it performs [g = 9.8 m/s2] [Oct 98]
60 r.p.m, calculate the centripetal force acting
on it. [Oct 96; Mar 01] 18. Calculate the angle of banking for a circular
track of radius 600 m as to be suitable for
9. A racing car completes 5 rounds of a circular driving a car with maximum speed of
track in 2 minutes. Find the radius of the track 180 km/hr. [g = 9.8 m/s2] [Mar 06]
if the car has uniform centripetal acceleration 19. A vehicle is moving along a curve of radius
of 2 m/s2. [Oct 13] 200 m. What should be the maximum speed
with which it can be safely driven if the angle
10. A coin kept on a horizontal rotating disc has of banking is 17? (Neglect friction)
its centre at a distance of 0.1 m from the axis [g = 9.8 m/s2] [Mar 07]
of the rotating disc. If the coefficient of
friction between the coin and the disc is 0.25; 20. A stone of mass 1 kg is whirled in horizontal
find the angular speed of disc at which the circle attached at the end of a 1 m long string.
coin would be about to slip off. If the string makes an angle of 30° with
(Given g = 9.8 m/s2) [Oct 11] vertical, calculate the centripetal force acting
on the stone. (g = 9.8 m/s2). [Mar 14]
11. A coin kept at a distance of 5 cm from the
centre of a turntable of radius 1.5 m just 21. A stone of mass 2 kg is whirled in a horizontal
begins to slip when the turnable rotates at a circle attached at the end of 1.5 m long string.
speed of 90 r.p.m. Calculate the coefficient of If the string makes an angle of 30 with
static friction between the coin and the vertical, compute its period. (g = 9.8 m/s2)
turntable. [g = 9.8 m/s2]. [Mar 16] [July 16]

44
 Chapter 01 : Circular Motion
22. The vertical section of a road over a bridge in
the direction of its length is in the form of an
arc of a circle of radius 4.4 m. Find the
greatest velocity at which a vehicle can cross
the bridge without losing contact with the road
at the highest point, if the center of the vehicle
is 0.5 m from the ground.
[Given: g = 9.8 m/s2] [Oct 01]
23. An object of mass 2 kg attached to wire of
length 5 m is revolved in a horizontal circle. If
it makes 60 r.p.m. Find its
i. angular speed
ii. linear speed
iii. centripetal acceleration
iv. centripetal force [Mar 09]
24. A stone of mass one kilogram is tied to the
end of a string of length 5 m and whirled in a
verticle circle. What will be the minimum
speed required at the lowest position to
complete the circle?
[Given: g = 9.8 m/s2] [Oct 10]
25. An object of mass 1 kg is tied to one end of a
string of length 9 m and whirled in a verticle
circle. What is the minimum speed required at
the lowest position to complete a circle?
[Oct 08]
26. A stone of mass 100 g attached to a string of
length 50 cm is whirled in a vertical circle by
giving velocity at lowest point as 7 m/s. Find
the velocity at the highest point.
[Acceleration due to gravity = 98 m/s2]
[Oct 15]
27. A stone of mass 5 kg, tied to one end of a rope
of length 0.8 m, is whirled in a vertical circle.
Find the minimum velocity at the highest point
and at the midway point. [g = 98 m/s2]
[Oct 14]
28. In a conical pendulum, a string of length
120 cm is fixed at rigid support and carries a
mass of 150 g at its free end. If the mass is
revolved in a horizontal circle of radius
0.2 m around a vertical axis, calculate tension
in the string. (g = 9.8 m/s2) [Oct 13]

5
Physics - II

39
Std. XII Sci.: Board Questions (Physics)

10 Wave Theory of Light

8. Light of a certain wavelength has a wave
Multiple Choice Questions
number  in vacuum. Its wave number in a
1. Huygens’ wave Theory of light could not medium of refractive index n is _______.
explain _______. [Mar 08] [Oct 15]
(A) reflection n 1
(A) (B)
(B) refraction  n
(C) interference 
(C) (D) n
(D) Photoelectric effect n

2. During the refraction of a green light from 9. An unpolarised beam of transverse waves is
denser medium to rarer medium, the property one whose vibrations [Oct 11]
of light which always remains constant is its (A) occur in all directions.
(B) occur in all directions perpendicular to
[Oct 10]
the direction of wave propagation.
(A) speed (B) frequency (C) occur in one direction.
(C) wavelength (D) direction (D) occur in all directions parallel to the
direction of wave propagation.
3. A parallel beam of light traveling in glass is
incident obliquely on water surface. After 10. If the polarizing angle for a given medium is
refraction, its width _______. [Mar 10] 60, then the refractive index of the medium is
(A) decreases (B) increases [Oct 08; Mar 16]
(C) remains same (D) becomes zero 1
(A) (B) 1
3
4. A parallel beam of light travelling in water is
incident obliquely on a glass surface. After 3
(C) (D) 3
refraction its width ______. [July 16] 2
(A) decreases (B) increases 11. The angle of incidence at which the
(C) remains the same (D) becomes zero polarisation of light reflected from the surface
5. A ray of light passes from vacuum to a medium of glass occurs is 58. The refractive index of
glass is [Mar 12]
of refractive index . Angle of incidence is
found to be twice the angle of refraction. The (A) 1.9 (B) 1.8
angle of incidence is given by [Oct 13] (C) 1.7 (D) 1.6
 12. In Doppler effect of light, the term “red shift”
(A) cos1   (B) cos1 ()
2
  is used for ______. [Mar 17]
 
(A) frequency increase
(C) 2 cos1   (D) 2 sin1   (B) frequency decrease
2
  2
 
(C) wavelength decrease
6. The absolute refractive index of air is _______. (D) frequency and wavelength increase
[Oct 09]
Theory Questions
(A) 0 (B) 0.95
(C) 1 (D) 
1. Define:
7. The refractive indices of glass and diamond i. Wavefront ii. Wave normal
with respect to air are 1.5 and 2.4 respectively. [Mar 99; Oct 2000, 06]
The refractive index of diamond with respect
2. Define a wavefront and explain Huygens’
to glass is [Mar 09]
construction of a plane wavefront. [Mar 98]
(A) 0.62 (B) 0.9
(C) 1.95 (D) 1.6 3. State Huygens’ principle. [Oct 99, 04]
40
 Chapter 10 : Wave Theory of Light
4. State Huygens’ principle and explain 20. What do you mean by polarisation? [Oct 09]
Huygens’ construction of a spherical
wavefront. [Oct 96; Mar 03, 05] 21. What is a polaroid? State its ‘two’ uses.
[Mar 15]
5. State Huygens’ principle of propagation of
light and explain refraction of light on the 22. Draw a neat labelled diagram showing the
basis of wave theory of light. [Oct 2000] plane of vibration and plane of polarisation for
polarised light. [Oct 14]
6. State Huygens’ principle and prove Snell’s
law for refraction of light on the basis of
Numericals
Huygens’ wave theory. [Mar 04]
7. State Huygen’s principle. Explain refraction of a 1. The refractive indices of glycerine and
plane wavefront at a plane surface on the basis of diamond with respect to air are 1.4 and 2.4
Huygen’s wave theory of light. [Oct 08] respectively. Calculate the speed of light in
8. Give a brief account of Huygens’ wave theory glycerine and in diamond. From these results
of light. [Oct 01, 04] calculate the refractive index of diamond w.r.t.
glycerine. [Oct 96]
9. State demerits of Huygens’ wave theory of
light. [Oct 01] 2. The wave number of beam of light in air is
2.5  106 per metre. What is the wavelength
10. Explain the Huygens’ construction of plane in glass if refractive index of glass is 1.5?
wavefront. [Oct 99]
[Oct 02]
OR
Using Huygens’ principle explain the 3. A ray of light is incident on a glass slab
propagation of a plane wavefront. [Mar 06] making an angle of 30 with the surface.
11. Explain the Huygens’ construction of Calculate the angle of refraction in glass and
spherical wavefront. [Mar 12] velocity of light in glass, if the refractive index
of glass and velocity of light in air are 1.5 and
12. On the basis of Huygens’ wave theory of light, 3  108 m/s respectively. [Mar 98, 05]
prove that velocity of light in a rarer medium
is greater that velocity of light in a denser 4. A ray of light is incident on a glass slab
medium. [Mar 13] making an angle of 25 with the surface.
Calculate the angle of refraction in glass and
13. On the basis of wave theory of light explain
velocity of light in glass, if the refractive index
the laws of reflection. [Oct 96]
of glass and velocity of light are 1.5 and
14. Draw neat and labelled ray diagram of 3  108 m/s respectively. [Oct 01]
reflection of light from a plane reflecting
surface using plane wavefront. 5. A ray of light is incident on a water surface of
[Mar 96; Oct 99, 04, 12] 4
refractive index making an angle of 40 with
3
15. Draw a neat labelled ray diagram of refraction the surface. Find the angle of refraction.
of a plane wavefront at a plane surface. [Mar 10]
[Oct 10, 11]
6. The width of plane incident wavefront is
16. State the laws of refraction. Derive the Snell’s
found to be doubled on refraction in denser
law on the basis of Huygens’ wave theory of
light. [Mar 06] medium. If it makes an angle of 65 with the
normal, calculate the refractive index for the
17. Explain refraction of light on the basis of denser medium. [Mar 17]
wave theory. Hence prove laws of refraction.
[Mar 96, Mar 13 old course] 7. A parallel beam of monochromatic light is
OR incident on glass slab at an angle of incidence
Prove the laws of refraction on the basis of 60. Find the ratio of the widths of the beam in
wave theory of light. glass to that in air, if refractive index of glass
[Mar 02, 03, 05; Oct 03, 05, 06] is 1.5. [Mar 01; Oct 15]
18. Show that velocity of light in rarer medium is 8. The refractive indices of water for red and
greater than velocity in denser medium. violet colours are 1.325 and 1.334
[Oct 08] respectively. Find the difference between
velocities of the rays for these two colours in
19. State and explain Brewster’s law. [Oct 09] water. [Oct 98, 13]
41
Std. XII Sci.: Board Questions (Physics)
9. If the difference in the velocities of light in 18. A ray of light travelling in air is incident on
glass and water is 0.25  108 m/s, find the the glass making an angle of 30 with the
velocity of light in glass. surface. Calculate the angle by which the
refracted ray in glass is deviated from its
 3 4 [Oct 11]
Given  g = 2 and  w  3  original path and velocity of light in glass
  [R. I of glass is 1.5] [Oct 05]
10. If the difference in velocities of light in glass 19. The wavelength of a beam of light in air is
and water is 2.7  107 m/s, find the velocity of 3750 Å. Find the number of waves of the
light in air. beam in 10 cm of glass. Also find the time
(Refractive index of glass = 1.5, Refractive required by the beam to pass through 10 cm of
index of water = 1.333) [Mar 14] glass of refractive index 1.5.
[Velocity of light in air = 3  108 m/s]
11. The number of waves in 6 cm of vacuum is [Mar 11]
same as the number of waves in x cm of a
medium. If the refractive index of the medium 20. If the critical angle of a medium is sin1 (3/5),
3 find the polarising angle. [Mar 15]
is , find x. [Oct 10]
2 21. For a glass plate as a polariser with refractive
index l.633, calculate the angle of incidence at
12. Determine the change in wavelength of light which light is polarised. [Mar 14]
during its passage from air to glass, if
refractive index of glass with respect to air is
1.5 and frequency of light in 4  1014 Hz. Find
the wave number of light in glass.
[Velocity of light in air = 3  108 m/s].
[Mar 08]

13. Determine the change in wavelength of light

during its passage from air to glass, if the
refractive index of glass with respect to air is
1.5 and the frequency of light is 5  1014 Hz.
Find the wave number of light in glass
(velocity of light in air c = 3  108 m/s).
[July 16]

14. Determine the change in wavelength of light

during its passage from air to glass. If the
refractive index of glass with respect to air is
1.5 and the frequency of light is 3.5  1014 Hz,
find the wave number of light in glass.
[Velocity of light in air (c = 3  108 m/s)]
[Mar 16]

15. The wavelength of monochromatic light is

5000 Å in air. What will be its wave number
in air? [Mar 13 old course]

16. Red light of wavelength 6400 Å in air has

wavelength 4000 Å in glass. If the wavelength
of violet light in air is 4400 Å, find its
wavelength in glass. (Assume that r  v)
[Mar 2000; Oct 14]

17. The refractive index of glass with respect to

water is 1.125. If velocity and wavelength of
light in a glass are 2  108 m/s and 4  107 m
respectively. Find the velocity, wavelength
and frequency of light in water. [Oct 03]
42