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Heat Exchangers-2

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16 views3 pages

Heat Exchangers-2

Uploaded by

jason smtih
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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HEAT EXCHANGER EXPERIMENT

Aim
• To determine heat transfer coefficients in heat exchangers as a result of fluid-
to-fluid heat transfer.
Key Facts
• A heat exchanger is a device that allows thermal energy (heat) from a liquid or
gas to pass another fluid without the two fluids mixing.
• It transfers the heat without transferring the fluid that carries the heat. Therefore,
just the heat is exchanged from one fluid to another.

Introduction

Water is used as the hot and cold fluid.


Two types of heat exchanger units have been made available to determine the
objectives: a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a plate heat exchanger.

Experimental apparatus
The shell and tube heat exchanger (Fig. 1) consists of seven tubes, surrounded by a
transparent outer shell. The hot water flows through the tube space and the cold water
through the space in the shell. Part of the thermal energy of the hot water is transferred
to the cold water. Baffle plates are used to deflect the flow in the shell in such a way
as to create greater turbulence and thus a more intensive transfer of heat. The total
heat transfer area of the exchanger is 200 cm2, and the tube bundle is constructed of
stainless steel. The tubes have a wall thickness of 1 mm, and an outer tube diameter
of 50 mm. The shell is constructed from PMMA with a wall thickness of 3 mm, and an
outer shell diameter of 50 mm.
The plate heat exchanger (Fig. 2) is made up of profiled plates with water flowing
through the spaces between them. These are one “cold” and one “hot” flow channel,
in an alternating arrangement. Part of the thermal energy of the hot water is transferred
to the cold water. The heat exchanger is formed of 6 plates made of stainless steel,
with a total heat transfer area of 480 cm2.

Experimental procedure
Shell and tube heat exchanger
1) Consider all the documentation and consult a demonstrator before you start the
experiment.
2) Ensure that the heat exchanger is ready for operation. Make sure the heat
exchanger is set to counter-current flow for this experiment.
3) Set the hot water flow rate to 1.5 l/min and the hot water inlet temperature to 40°C.
Switch on the hot water circulation.
4) Once the hot water inlet temperature has been achieved, turn on the cold-water
flow by setting the cold-water valve opening to 100 %. Note the corresponding cold
water flow rate in l/min.

1
5) After allowing the system to reach steady state (i.e., temperatures stabilise), record
the necessary temperature readings.
6) Repeat the procedure in steps 4 - 5 at cold water valve openings of 75% and 50%.
Note the corresponding cold water flow rates in l/min.
7) Shut down the heat exchanger safely after retrieving all data.
Plate heat exchanger
1) Consider all the documentation and consult a demonstrator before you start the
experiment.
2) Ensure that the heat exchanger is ready for operation.
3) Set the heat exchanger operation to counter-current flow. Set the hot water flow
rate to 1.5 l/min and the hot water inlet temperature to 40°C. Switch on the pump.
4) Once the hot water inlet temperature has been achieved, adjust the cold-water
valve setting to give a flow rate of approximately 1 l/min.
5) After allowing the system to reach steady state (i.e., temperatures stabilise), record
the necessary temperature readings.
6) Repeat the procedure in steps 3 - 5 with the heat exchanger in co-current flow
configuration.
7) Shut down the heat exchanger safely after retrieving all data.

Materials and data


Water: data available in Green and Perry (2007).

References
D.W. Green and Perry R.H., 2007, Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, 8th ed.,
McGraw-Hill Book Company.

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Figure 1. Schematic of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger unit. 1 hot water, 2 cold
water, 3 tube, 4 shell; red: hot water, blue: cold water. (Adapted from Gunt).

Figure 2. Schematic of the plate heat exchanger unit. 1 plate with cold water, 2 plate
with hot water; red: hot water, blue: cold water. (Adapted from Gunt).

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