GENERAL SPECIFICATION 20.

07
INDUCTION BENDING

NEWFIELD PENINSULA MALAYSIA INC.

C 4 May 2011 General Update D Fell D Ramsay G Bamford

B 24/04/06 ISSUED FOR BID NA SZN BB RS
A 04/04/06 ISSUED FOR COMMENTS NA SZN BB RS
Rev. Date Description By Reviewed Approved
 GENERAL SPECIFICATION DOCUMENT NO: GS.20.07
INDUCTION BENDING REVISION NO: C
NEWFIELD PENINSULA MALAYSIA INC (994202-T) DATE: 5 MAY 2011

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 SCOPE 3
2.0 DEFINITION OF TERMS 3
3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 3
4.0 BENDING PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION 3
5.0 PRODUCTION BENDS 5
6.0 DIMENSIONAL AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE INSPECTION 6
7.0 MECHANICAL TESTING 6
8.0 HYDROSTATIC TESTING 7
9.0 MARKING, HANDLING AND SHIPPING 8
10.0 DOCUMENTATION 8

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 GENERAL SPECIFICATION DOCUMENT NO: GS.20.07
INDUCTION BENDING REVISION NO: C
NEWFIELD PENINSULA MALAYSIA INC (994202-T) DATE: 5 MAY 2011

1.0 SCOPE

This specification presents requirements for induction bending of carbon steel

pipe (ASME P1 pipe, API 5L line pipe, CAN3-Z245.1 line pipe and ISO 3183-1
and ISO 3183-2 line pipe). Submerged arc welded (SAW), seamless (SMLS) or
electric resistance welded (ERW) pipe may be bent according to this
specification.

2.0 DEFINITION OF TERMS

NEWFIELD NEWFIELD PENISULAR MALAYSIA IN.

CONTRACTOR NEWFIELD, or their agents, designated in the Contract as being
the selected main CONTRACTOR
VENDOR Supplier or manufacturer who supplies material or equipment for
the work

3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1 The manufacture of bends shall meet the requirements of the Data Sheet
contained in Appendix 1.

3.2 The pipe shall be fed through the induction coil at a constant speed followed by
a continuous water quench.

3.3 Prior to bending, the inside and outside pipe surfaces shall be free of dirt,
scale, oil or grease, and other contaminants.

3.4 The pipe shall not contact copper-based materials, such as the electrical
cables or coils while hot.

3.5 For ASME P1, API 5L, CAN3Z-245.1, ISO 3183-1 and ISO 3183-2 the metal
temperature during bending shall be in the range of 1500°F to 2000°F;
optimally in the 1600F -1700°F range. Temperature shall be measured with an
optical pyrometer.

3.6 Pipe lengths containing circumferential butt welds shall not be induction bent
without prior qualification. Qualification shall include mechanical testing of the
circumferential weld per Data Sheet 3 in Appendix 1(including Charpy
toughness if required for the original pipe).

4.0 BENDING PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION

4.1 Bending Procedure

Prior to production bending, the bending procedure for each bending group (defined
in 3.1.3) shall be submitted in writing for approval by the COMPANY. Production
bending shall not begin until the bending procedure is approved. One of the following
three methods shall be used to qualify the bending procedure.
4.1.1 Non-Qualified
All of the following conditions shall be met for all non-qualified bending
procedures:

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 GENERAL SPECIFICATION DOCUMENT NO: GS.20.07
INDUCTION BENDING REVISION NO: C
NEWFIELD PENINSULA MALAYSIA INC (994202-T) DATE: 5 MAY 2011

Carbon Steel (API SPEC 5L Gr. B through X52, CAN3-Z245.1 Gr. 172 through
359, ASTM/ASME A53 Gr. B, A106 Gr. B, ISO 3183-1 and ISO 3183-2)
Tempering following bending at 1150°F minimum for one hour per inch of wall
thickness and one-hour minimum
Carbon Equivalent (C% + Mn%/6)< 0.42
Carbon  0.12%
4.1.2 Previously Qualified
For qualification to be valid under a previously qualified procedure it should
meet all of the requirements of the bending group defined in Para. 3.1.3a.
4.1.3 Project Qualified
If 4.1.1 is not applicable or the procedure is not qualified under 4.1.2, the
bending procedure shall be qualified prior to production bending. A separate
qualification is required for each "bending group". A change in any one of
these essential variables shall constitute a change in the “bending group”.
a. Bending Group
The bending group shall be defined by the following essential variables:
Material Grade
Carbon Equivalent* (not exceeding ±0.05% of the pipe carbon equivalent)
Process of Manufacture (SMLS, SAW, ERW)
Bending speed (+0.15 inch per minute to –0.25 inch per minute from the
speed qualified)
Cooling Method and Cooling Method Volume (+/-10% of volume qualified)
Difficulty Factor**
Tempering Time and Temperature (±25°F)
Bending machine and settings (±10% coil power and ±100°F bend
temperature)
*Carbon Equivalent (CE) =

CE= C + Mn + (Cr+Mo+V) + (Ni+Cu)

6 5 15
(use C + Mn/6 + 0.03 if a complete chemical analysis is unavailable)
**Difficulty Factor = (Pipe Diameter)2
(Thickness x Bend Radius)
The bend angle and the bend radius of the procedure bend shall be the most
acute combination, as shown on Data Sheet 1 contained in Appendix 1.
Before fabricating the procedure bend, the following measurements and tests
shall be performed on each of the selected pipes:
Wall thickness measurement, in the segment to be bent, at intervals of one
(1) foot (305mm).
Ovality measurements, along the entire pipe length, at intervals of one (1)
foot (305mm).

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 GENERAL SPECIFICATION DOCUMENT NO: GS.20.07
INDUCTION BENDING REVISION NO: C
NEWFIELD PENINSULA MALAYSIA INC (994202-T) DATE: 5 MAY 2011

4.2 Bending Parameters

The bending CONTRACTOR shall submit the bending parameters required by Data
Sheet 2 contained in Appendix 1, for all bends, including non-qualified procedures.
The CONTRACTOR shall also submit the qualification data in Data Sheet 3
contained in Appendix 1, for previously qualified and project qualified procedures.

5.0 PRODUCTION BENDS

5.1 The production bends shall be made using the machine settings and tempering
heat treatment in the approved bending procedure.

5.2 Weld seams shall be oriented as close to the neutral axis as possible for single
plane bends. On a compound bend the weld seam shall be located about 45
off of the neutral axis.

5.3 Prior to bending, the thickest part of seamless pipe shall be oriented to the
outside of the bend.

5.4 Cold pressing following tempering to reduce bend ovality is not allowed.

5.5 Bend angles on carbon steel and intermediate strength line pipe bends (ASME
P1 and API 5L Gr. B through X-52 and CAN3-Z245.1 Gr. 172 through 359 ISO
3183-1 and ISO 3183-2) may be corrected by locally applied heat (such as with
a rosebud touch). Metal temperature shall be limited to maximum tempering
temperature of the bend (Para 5.1) or 1200°F whichever is lower (measured by
temperature indicating crayons). Localized heating shall be followed by air
cooling. Water cooling is not permitted.

5.6 The entire length of all bends shall be furnace tempered to meet the hardness
requirements. For qualification bends, the bending CONTRACTOR shall
determine the actual tempering temperature necessary to meet the mechanical
requirements of the pipe material specification. Production bending tempering
temperature shall be controlled to 25F of the qualified temperature. The
maximum temperature and time at temperature (time above the minimum
temperature specified above) shall be recorded on Data Sheet 2 contained in
Appendix 1. Localized heat treatment is not acceptable.

5.7 For qualification bends, attach one thermocouple to each end of the bend. For
production bends, a minimum of one thermocouple is required for each stacked
layer of bends within the furnace. Attach all furnace thermocouple charts to the
Data Sheets.

5.8 For grades of pipe with a carbon equivalent less than 0.35%, tempering of the
bend may be omitted when the bend is intended for sweet service and the
qualification bend meets the requirements of the original pipe without
tempering. Qualification testing per paragraph 4.0 of this specification shall be
done for each mill heat when the production bends are not tempered following
induction bending unless specifically waived by NEWFIELD.

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 GENERAL SPECIFICATION DOCUMENT NO: GS.20.07
INDUCTION BENDING REVISION NO: C
NEWFIELD PENINSULA MALAYSIA INC (994202-T) DATE: 5 MAY 2011

6.0 DIMENSIONAL AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE INSPECTION

6.1 Each bend shall meet the dimensional requirements of the design code
specified in Data Sheet 1 contained in Appendix 1. Where these design codes
are silent on the dimensional requirements, the following shall be met:

Bend Angle: +1/2°

Bend Radius: +1%

Plane of Bend: +0.01 times the centerline radius.

Linear Tolerances: +1/16-inch.

Cut ends: +1/16-inch perpendicularity to the

longitudinal axis of the pipe.

6.2 Buckles, dented, wrinkled, or cracked pipe bends are not acceptable.

6.3 Ovality greater than 2.5% is not acceptable, where:

Ovality = (Max. Dia. - Min. Dia.) x 100%

Nominal Pipe Dia.

6.4 Wall thickness shall be measured using an ultrasonic thickness gauge and
shall meet the original pipe specification tolerances. Readings shall be taken
along the extrados (outside radius) at appropriate intervals to assure uniform
thickness.

6.5 The bend shall be capable of passing a sizing or gauging pig or plate of the
size specified in Data Sheet 1..

6.6 A visual inspection shall be carried out on all production bends on all
accessible surfaces following cleaning of the surface and before any coating is
applied. The surfaces shall be free of defects that would be rejectable under
the original pipe specification.

6.7 All production bends shall have their ends beveled as detailed on Data Sheet 1
contained in Appendix 1 and the ends shall be inspected for laminations on the
ends using ultrasonics. The inspection shall cover the area four inches from the
end around the entire circumference. The rejection criteria shall be the same as
for the pipe materials.

7.0 MECHANICAL TESTING

7.1 Induction bends shall meet the mechanical property requirements of the
original pipe material specification or as specified on Data Sheet 1 contained in
Appendix

7.2 Mechanical property and hardness testing of the qualification bends shall be
done following bending and tempering. The tests and sample locations are
specified in Data Sheet 3 contained in Appendix 1. Hardness testing shall also
be done on production bends as detailed below.

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 GENERAL SPECIFICATION DOCUMENT NO: GS.20.07
INDUCTION BENDING REVISION NO: C
NEWFIELD PENINSULA MALAYSIA INC (994202-T) DATE: 5 MAY 2011

7.3 Charpy V-Notch impact testing shall be required on the qualification bend when
specified by Data Sheet 1 contained in Appendix 1.

7.4 Hardness Tests of Qualification Bends

Hardness tests shall be conducted as part of the bending qualification

procedure. Acceptable test methods are the Rockwell and the Vickers test
methods.
7.4.1 The hardness test specimens shall come from the same location as the
mechanical property or impact test coupons. If welded pipe is being qualified,
hardness tests shall also be made on the weld.
7.4.2 For unwelded pipe, a hardness traverse must be taken at both the inside and
outside bend radius. The traverse consists of (3) impressions at 1/16” from
each surface plus at mid wall
7.4.3 In addition, for welded pipe the same set of impressions must be taken in
both the weld metal and heat affected zone.
7.4.4 No hardness test impression shall exceed 22 HRC or 250 HV10 maximum.
7.5 Hardness Tests of Production Bends

Hardness tests shall be performed on the OD surface of production bends as

specified in 7.5.1 or 7.5.2.
7.5.1 Non Sour Service
For non sour service a hardness test shall be made on 20% of the production
bends in each tempering furnace lot or if not heat treated every 5th
production bend shall be tested. If welded pipe is being bent a hardness test
shall also be made on the weld. The maximum permitted hardness shall be
22 HRC, 240 BHN or 520 Ld maximum (for the Equotip). The hardness
reading shall be recorded.
If a bend fails the hardness tests, the lot may be retempered or every bend in
the heat treat lot shall be tested.
Note: Use of the Equotip shall be limited to pipes with diameter/wall thickness
ratios of less than 30 to keep measurement error within acceptable limits.
Also strict adherence to manufacturers recommendations for surface
preparation is required.
7.5.2 Sour Service
When sour service is specified on Data Sheet 1 contained in Appendix 1,
every production bend shall be hardness tested on the extrados, intrados and
neutral axis. If welded pipe is being bent a hardness test shall also be made
on the weld. No hardness impression shall exceed 22 HRC or 240 BHN.
Bends not meeting the hardness requirement may be re-tempered and then
retested. Record the hardness values.

8.0 HYDROSTATIC TESTING

When specified by Data Sheet 1 contained in Appendix 1, the each

finished bend shall be pressure tested at the pressure to be used for the
field hydrotest. The test pressure shall be maintained for (1) hour
minimum.

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 GENERAL SPECIFICATION DOCUMENT NO: GS.20.07
INDUCTION BENDING REVISION NO: C
NEWFIELD PENINSULA MALAYSIA INC (994202-T) DATE: 5 MAY 2011

9.0 MARKING, HANDLING AND SHIPPING

9.1 Each bend shall be clearly marked by paint stenciling with white paint and 1-
inch (minimum) high letters on the ID of the bend. Marking shall be by paint
stencil only.

9.2 The following information shall be marked:

Induction bending CONTRACTOR name or trademark

Nominal wall thickness
Outside diameter
Grade per API SPEC 5L, CAN3-Z245.1 or ASME/ASTM
Bend identification number
Purchaser's name and purchase order number
Hydrostatic test pressure and date (if performed)
Tempering heat treatment verification
9.3 Bends shall be handled and stored in such a manner as to avoid damage.

9.4 Unless otherwise approved by NEWFIELD, shipment shall be done in

accordance with API RP 5L1.

9.5 CONTRACTOR shall provide, for NEWFIELD's approval, a description of his

procedures for Inventory control, interim storage, shipping preparation, stacking
and handling and loading and unloading.

9.6 Unless the bends are specified in the Purchase Order to be factory coated,
bends shall be shipped bare; i.e., free from lacquer, oils or any other coating.
The CONTRACTOR shall supply and fit PVC pipe end caps to all bends after
bending, and must be in place during shipment of bends.

10.0 DOCUMENTATION

10.1 A record of information shall be provided for project qualified and previously
qualified bends as required by Data Sheet 3 contained in Appendix 1.

10.2 A bending procedure shall be submitted for all bends, including non-qualified
procedures. The bending procedure shall include the bending parameters
required by Data Sheet 2 contained in Appendix 1.

10.3 A record of quality assurance information for production bends as required by

Data Sheet 2, shall be provided unless waived in Data Sheet 1.

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 GENERAL SPECIFICATION DOCUMENT NO: GS.20.07
INDUCTION BENDING REVISION NO: C
NEWFIELD PENINSULA MALAYSIA INC (994202-T) DATE: 5 MAY 2011

APPENDIX 1

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 GENERAL SPECIFICATION DOCUMENT NO: GS.20.07
INDUCTION BENDING REVISION NO: C
NEWFIELD PENINSULA MALAYSIA INC (994202-T) DATE: 5 MAY 2011

DATA SHEET 1

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 GENERAL SPECIFICATION DOCUMENT NO: GS.20.07
INDUCTION BENDING REVISION NO: C
NEWFIELD PENINSULA MALAYSIA INC (994202-T) DATE: 5 MAY 2011

DATA SHEET 2

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 GENERAL SPECIFICATION DOCUMENT NO: GS.20.07
INDUCTION BENDING REVISION NO: C
NEWFIELD PENINSULA MALAYSIA INC (994202-T) DATE: 5 MAY 2011

DATA SHEET 3

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