THE

SHINGO
MODEL

shingo.org
 Acknowledgments
The Shingo Institute wishes to thank the team that provided
scholarly work to produce the Shingo Model and its guidelines,
which were first published in January 2008. The Shingo Model
is still the basis for the curriculum and other work the Institute
continues to develop today. Those most closely involved during
their tenure at the Shingo Institute and Utah State University
are Shaun Barker, Dr. Randall Cook, Robert Miller, and Jacob
Raymer. Special thanks to Dr. Brian Atwater and Brent Allen for
their contributions regarding systems thinking.

The Shingo Institute would also like to thank the members of

the Shingo Executive Advisory Board who provided practical
insights and critical feedback as the Model evolved. Many other
friends of the Shingo Institute continue to contribute time and
ideas in the pursuit of organizational excellence. The Institute is
appreciative of each of them.

Finally, special thanks to the Jon M. Huntsman School of

Business at Utah State University for providing the Shingo
Institute with a home and an environment to learn, flourish, and
grow.

The Shingo Model, Version 14.9

© Copyright 2022, Utah State University. All rights reserved.

Copyright and Trademarks

The content of the Shingo Model is copyrighted by Utah State University with
all rights reserved. All images and marks are trademarked, as noted. No part
of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or use of
any information storage or retrieval system, for any purpose without the express
written permission of Utah State University. Trademarks understood to be
owned by others are used in a non-trademark manner for explanatory purposes
only, or ownership by others is indicated to the extent known.

2 The Shingo Model

 Huntsman Hall • Jon M. Huntsman School of Business, Utah State University

The Shingo Purpose

Based on timeless principles, the Shingo Institute shapes
cultures that drive organizational and operational excellence.

The Shingo Institute Mission

The mission of the Shingo Institute is to improve the process of
improvement by conducting cutting-edge research, providing
relevant education, performing insightful organizational
assessment, and recognizing organizations committed to
achieving sustainable world-class results.

The Shingo Model 3

 Shingo Origins
Few individuals have contributed
more to the development of total
quality management (TQM), just-
in-time manufacturing (JIT), and
Lean manufacturing as Shigeo
Shingo.

Dr. Shigeo Shingo, 1988 Many years before these ideas

Jon M. Huntsman School of became popular in the western
Business graduation ceremony
world, Dr. Shingo wrote about
ensuring quality at the source,
flowing value to customers,
“No matter how working with zero inventories,
effective it may rapidly setting up machines
be to set clear through the system of “single-
objectives and minutes exchange of die” (SMED),
then strive to and going to the actual workplace
achieve them, to grasp the true situation there
(“going to gemba”).
bursts of effort
alone won’t do Over the course of his life, Dr.
the trick; in the Shingo wrote and published
final analysis, 18 books discussing these and
methods must other topics, seven of which have
be improved.” been translated from Japanese
into English. He also worked
~ Dr. Shigeo Shingo extensively with Toyota executives,
especially Mr. Taiichi Ohno, who
collaborated with Dr. Shingo to
apply these concepts.

4 The Shingo Model

 “It is universal truth that those who are not
dissatisfied will never make any progress. Yet even
if one feels dissatisfaction, it must not be diverted
into complaining; it must be actively linked to
improvement.”
~ Dr. Shigeo Shingo

The Shingo Model 5

 Always on the cutting edge of new ideas, Dr. Shingo envisioned
collaborating with an organization to further his life’s work
through research, practical-yet-rigorous education, and a
program for recognizing the best in organizational excellence
throughout the world.

In 1988, Dr. Shingo

received an
honorary doctorate
of management
from Utah State
University in
Logan, Utah, due
to the efforts of
Professor Vernon
Buehler, an
early advocate
of Shingo’s
teachings. Later
that year, Shingo’s
ambitions were
realized when the
Shingo Prize was
organized and incorporated as part of the university due to a
generous gift by Norman Bodek.

While the Shingo Prize remains an integral part of the Shingo

Institute, the scope of the Institute has expanded to include
various educational offerings such as conferences, webinars,
podcasts, benchmarking visits, study tours, and the Shingo
workshop series. The six Shingo workshops, based on the
Shingo Model, are delivered by an international network of
Shingo Licensed Affiliates.

6 The Shingo Model

 The Shingo Model™
For any organization to be successful long term, it must
engage in a relentless quest to improve. Improvement is
hard work but the alternative is entropy. There is no middle
ground. More than the application of a new tool or a leader’s
charismatic personality, organizational improvement
requires executives, managers, and team members that
are humble, engaged, and empowered. Sustainable results
require a culture in which every person is involved in making
improvements every day.

Sustainable results also depend upon the degree to which an

organization’s culture is aligned to specific guiding principles.
The Shingo Model provides a powerful framework designed to
guide the transformation of an organization’s culture toward
achieving ideal results.

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The Shingo Model TM

The Shingo Model 7

 Components of the
Shingo Model TM

Guiding Principles
The ten Shingo Guiding Principles are the basis for building
a lasting culture and achieving organizational excellence.
They are divided into three dimensions: Cultural Enablers,
Continuous Improvement, and Enterprise Alignment.

Systems
A system is a collection of tools working together to
accomplish an intended outcome.

Tools
A single device or point solution that accomplishes a specific
task.

Results
A measurable outcome, either successful or unsuccessful, that
results from the implementation of tools and systems.

Culture
All behaviors within an organization.

8 The Shingo Model

 The Shingo Model is a graphical representation of the concepts
discovered during its development. Most importantly, it
conveys the relationships and interactions between tools,
systems, principles, culture, and results. Because learning is
ongoing, the Shingo Model has changed over the years and
may continue to do so.

The Shingo Model is not an additional program or another

initiative for organizations to implement. Rather, it introduces
the Shingo Guiding Principles and articulates their relationship
to systems, tools, results, and culture. The Shingo Model
provides structure on which to anchor current initiatives and
with which to close gaps to work toward sustaining a culture
of organizational excellence.

Whether an organization’s objectives are for financial or

more altruistic purposes, the focus of all executives is on
results. Organizations design systems with the intent of
achieving specific results, and they select tools to support
those systems. When one system or tool doesn’t achieve
target results, executives try modifying current systems or
implementing new tools in the hope of reaching that target.

But tools and systems alone do not operate a business.

People do. Each person within an organization has a set of
values and beliefs that influences the way he or she behaves.
Ultimately, the aggregate of people’s behaviors makes up
organizational culture, and culture greatly influences the
organization’s results.

Edgar Schein, professor emeritus at the MIT Sloan School of

Management said, “The only thing of real importance that
leaders do is to create and manage culture. If you do not
manage culture, it manages you, and you may not even be
aware of the extent to which this is happening.”

The Shingo Model 9

 Cultures that form by accident or without attention can have
significant, far-reaching negative effects. A culture built around
“firefighting” honors and promotes the “firefighters” rather than
identifying and fixing the problems that cause emergencies
in the first place. In a culture that promotes those who seek to
gain power, people might withhold information except when
it has the potential to benefit them personally. They keep the
decision-making authority as close to them as possible rather
than trusting others to make appropriate choices. This makes
the organization respond much more slowly to issues and
much less likely to make the best decisions. Likewise, it is not
difficult to imagine the behaviors that will arise in organizations
that foster fear, survival, blaming and backbiting, malaise, and
other negative cultures.

“People will not be set in motion until they are

convinced on an emotional level based on trust—
until they can say, ‘That’s right! I know that’ll make
the job easier and improve quality at the same
time!’ or ‘It looks kind of hard, but I believe the guy
who’s telling me this, so it’s got to work!”
~ Dr. Shigeo Shingo

Conversely, e­ xcellent organizational cultures are built

around humility, respect, trust, collaboration, innovation, and
empowerment. What behaviors would one expect to see within
these organizations? How might their results differ from the
results of organizations with weak cultures? Finally, what is at
the foundation of these organizations so that they manage their
culture rather than the culture managing them? In asking these
questions, the Shingo Institute gained three important insights:
results require ideal behaviors, purpose and systems drive
behavior, and principles inform ideal behavior.

10 The Shingo Model

 Three Insights of Organizational
Excellence

1. Ideal Results Require Ideal Behaviors

The results of an organization depend on the way its people
behave. To achieve ideal results, leaders must do the hard work
of creating a culture where ideal behaviors are expected and
evident in every team member.

2. Purpose and Systems Drive Behavior

It has long been understood that beliefs have a profound
effect on behavior. What is often overlooked, though, is the
equally profound effect that systems have on behavior. Most of
the systems that guide the way people work are designed to
create a specific business result without regard for the behavior
that the system consequentially drives. Managers have an
enormous job to realign management, improvement, and work
systems to drive the ideal behavior required by all people to
achieve ideal business results.

3. Principles Inform Ideal Behavior

Principles are foundational rules that govern consequences.
The more deeply one understands principles, the more clearly
he or she understands ideal behavior. The more clearly one
understands ideal behavior, the better he or she can design
systems to drive that behavior to achieve ideal results.

For any organization to be successful in the long term, it must

be engaged in a relentless quest to make things better. Failure
to make continuous improvement a priority will inevitably result
in organizational decline. Similarly, excellence must be the
pursuit of everyone. In fact, the passionate pursuit of perfection,
even knowing it is fundamentally impossible to achieve, brings
out the very best in every human being.

The Shingo Model 11

 “Principles always have natural consequences
attached to them. There are positive consequences
when we live in harmony with the principles. There
are negative consequences when we ignore them.”
~ Dr. Stephen R. Covey, author of the best-selling book
Seven Habits of Highly Effective People

Guiding Principles
The Shingo Guiding Principles are ten principles
that are the basis for building a sustainable
culture of enterprise excellence. In the Guiding
Principles diamond, the principles are divided
into three dimensions. Each dimension and
principle are discussed in further detail
on the following pages.

12 The Shingo Model

 Stephen R. Covey defined a principle as a natural law that
is universally understood, timeless in its meaning, and self-
evident. He taught that values govern actions but principles
govern the consequences of actions.

The Shingo Guiding Principles are ten principles that are the
basis for building a sustainable culture of enterprise excellence.
They are respect every individual, lead with humility, seek
perfection, embrace scientific thinking, focus on process, assure
quality at the source, improve flow & pull, think systemically,
create constancy of purpose, and create value for the customer.

Because Dr. Shingo encouraged us to think categorically, the

principles are divided into three dimensions: Cultural Enablers,
Continuous Improvement, and Enterprise Alignment.

The Shingo Model 13

 Learning and Teaching the Principles
The first step a leader must take in leading a cultural
transformation is understanding what each of the Shingo
Guiding Principles means. It is impossible for a leader to lead the
development of a principle-based culture until he or she has
gone through the deep personal reflection required to begin a
cultural transformation. This is no trivial task. Fully embracing
these principles requires a fundamental re-thinking of the rules
of engagement.

“There are three constants in life . . . change,

choice, and principles.”
~ Dr. Stephen R. Covey, author of the best-selling book
Seven Habits of Highly Effective People

At a minimum, leaders must be curious enough to experiment

with the principle. John Shook, of the Lean Enterprise Institute,
taught that it is impossible to “think our way into a new way
of acting.” Rather, guided by correct principles, one may do,
observe, learn, and then do something else until “we act
our way into a new way of thinking.” By carefully analyzing
the cause-and-effect relationship between principles and
results, a leader will begin to shift beliefs about what drives
optimal business performance. After gaining this new insight, it
becomes the leader’s primary responsibility to see that others
in his or her organization have experiences where they can gain
the same insight.

Whether acknowledged or not, the Shingo Guiding Principles

always govern the consequence of leadership and
management behaviors. For example, if a leader allows a
culture to emerge where employees are thought of merely as
an unfortunate cost burden or where the smartest people are
the only ones who rise to the top, the consequence will be a

14 The Shingo Model

 workforce that is not fully engaged. Ideas for improvement will
not be articulated and acted upon. People will feel unfulfilled
in their work and turnover will be high. Labor costs will become
excessively high, business systems will stagnate, and innovation
will not be fast enough to compete in the rapidly changing
business climate. Unwise leaders will see this as a validation of
what they believe, rather than the disappointing end of a self-
fulfilling prophecy.

Conversely, when people understand principles for themselves

they become empowered to take personal initiative. Leaders
who teach team members the principles behind the tools can
be more confident that individual behavior will be pointed in
the right direction. Leaders should also design systems that
will make it easier for people to do the right thing consistent
with the key behavioral indicator (KBI) identified. Principles will
inform ideal behavior which will provide leaders with the ability
to select KBIs that will move the organization’s culture closer to
the ideal.

The Shingo Model 15

 Aligning Systems with Principles
All work in an organization is the outcome of a system. Systems
must be designed to produce a specific end goal, otherwise
they evolve on their own. Systems create the conditions that
cause people to behave in a certain way. One of the outcomes
of poorly designed systems is enormous variation in behavior
or even consistently bad behavior. Variation in behavior leads
to variation in results. Organizational excellence requires ideal
behavior that translates into consistent and ideal results.

The Shingo Model illustrates the critical need to align

every management, improvement, and work system of the
organization with the Shingo Guiding Principles. When systems
are properly aligned with principles, they strategically influence
people’s behavior toward the ideal.

To learn more about the Shingo Model, the Shingo Guiding Principles,
and the Three Insights of Organizational Excellence, attend the
DISCOVER EXCELLENCE workshop, the prerequisite in the Shingo
education series. Visit shingo.org/education for workshop dates and
locations.

16 The Shingo Model

 “I have a foundational belief that business
results start with culture and your people.”
~ Doug Conant, former CEO of Campbell Soup

Cultur al Enablers
The first dimension of the Guiding Principles
diamond consists of the Cultural Enablers
principles of respect every individual and
lead with humility. Cultural enablers are at the
foundation of the pyramid because they focus on
the foundation of an organization: its people.

The Shingo Model 17

 Respect Every Individual
Respect must become something that is deeply felt for
and by every person in an organization. Respect for every
individual naturally includes respect for employees, customers,
suppliers, the community, and society in general. Individuals
are energized when this type of respect is demonstrated.
Most team members will say that to be respected is the most
important thing they want from their employer. When people
feel respected, they give far more than their hands; they give
their minds and hearts as well.

To better understand the principle of respect for every

individual, simply ask the question “why?” The answer is
because we are all human beings with worth and potential.
Because this is true, every individual deserves respect.

18 The Shingo Model

 Lead with Humility Cultural Enablers
Ideal Behaviors*
One common trait among leading
practitioners of organizational Coaching is consistent
excellence is a sense of and evident throughout
humility. Humility is an enabling all levels of an
principle that precedes learning organization.
and improvement. A leader’s Leadership is
willingness to seek input, listen consistently and
carefully, and continuously learn predictably engaged
creates an environment where where the work
team members feel respected and happens.
energized and will give freely of All employees turn in
their creative abilities. Improvement suggestions.
is only possible when people
Near-misses are
are willing to acknowledge their
captured and
vulnerability and abandon bias and addressed
prejudice in their pursuit of a better immediately.
way.
Decision-making is
pushed down to the
Cultural Enablers lowest level possible
with feedback given for
Supporting Concepts any decisions made.
Assure a Safe Environment
There is no greater measure of
*Note: The examples in
respect for the individual than the above list are not
creating a work environment comprehensive or prescriptive.
that promotes both the health

The Shingo Model 19

 Cultural Enablers and safety of employees and the
Systems* protection of the environment
and the surrounding community.
• Individual development
Environmental and safety systems
• On-the-job training
embody a philosophical and
or training within the
industry (OJT/TWI) cultural commitment that begins
with leadership. When leadership
• Coaching
is committed, the organization
• Standard daily creates and supports appropriate
management systems and behaviors. In short,
• Leadership safety is first.
development
• Idea sharing Develop People
• Suggestion People development has
emerged as an important and
• Reward and
powerful cultural enabler and
recognition
goes hand-in-hand with principles
• Communication of organizational excellence.
• Environment, health, Through people development,
and safety (EHS) the organization creates “new
• Education and training scientists” who will drive future
• Community improvement. People development
involvement is more involved than simple
classroom training. It includes
• Recruitment and
succession planning hands-on experiences where
people can discover new ideas in
• Accountability
a way that creates personal insight
• Engagement and and a shift in mindset and behavior.
involvement
• Leader standard work An organization’s executives must
be committed to developing
people and expanding the
knowledge base. Expenses
*Note: The examples in
the above list are not for education and training are
comprehensive or prescriptive. necessary investments for
For clarification on systems,
see pages 39-40. the long-term health of the
organization. As such, executive
commitment to this investment
must not waver.

20 The Shingo Model

 Empower and Involve Everyone
For an organization to be competitive, the full potential of every
individual must be realized. People are the only organizational
asset that has an infinite capacity to appreciate in value. The
challenges of competing in global markets are so great that
success can only be achieved when every person at every
level of the organization is able to continuously innovate
and improve. Elimination of barriers to that innovation is the
responsibility of management.

Fundamental to the Shingo Model is the concept of teaching

people the key principles (the “why”) behind everything they do.
When people understand why, they become empowered to
take personal initiative. Managing a team of people who share a
deep understanding and commitment to the key concepts and
principles is much easier than managing the work of those who
are only doing what they are told to do. Empowered employees
who understand relevant principles are far more likely to make
good decisions about the direction and appropriateness of their
improvement ideas.

Similarly, when employees have a clear sense of direction and

strategy and have a real-time measure of contribution, they
become a powerful force for propelling the organization forward.

A “Learning” Organization
The knowledge of an organization is the cumulative knowledge
of its people. To have a “learning organization,” cumulative
knowledge increases over time. As people solve problems, they
discover better ways to do things and should share them across
the organization. At that point, standard work must be adjusted
accordingly.

To learn more about the first dimension of the Shingo

Model, attend a CULTURAL ENABLERS workshop.
Visit shingo.org/education for workshop dates and
locations.

The Shingo Model 21

 “Improvement means the elimination of
waste, and the most essential precondition
for improvement is the proper pursuit of
goals. We must not be mistaken, first of all,
about what improvement means. The four
goals of improvement must be to make
things easier, better, faster, and cheaper.”
~ Dr. Shigeo Shingo

Continuous Improvement
Where the first dimension addressed the
principles around the people of an organization,
the second dimension in the Guiding Principles
diamond addresses processes. In a culture of
continuous improvement, the focus must not be
only on quality or cost. The organization must
incorporate all aspects of value as perceived by
the customer: innovation, quality, cost, flexibility,
quick delivery, and a comprehensive view of
environment, health, and safety.

22 The Shingo Model

 Seek Perfection
Perfection is an aspiration not likely to be achieved, but
the pursuit of perfection creates a mindset and culture of
continuous improvement. What is possible is only limited by
the paradigms through which we see and understand the
organization’s current reality.

Embrace Scientific Thinking

Innovation and improvement are the consequence of repeated
cycles of experimentation, direct observation, and learning. A
relentless and systematic exploration of new ideas, including
failures, enables us to constantly refine our understanding
of reality.

Focus on Process
All outcomes are the consequence of a process. It is nearly
impossible for even good people to consistently produce ideal
results with poor processes. It is human nature to blame the
people involved when something goes wrong or when the

The Shingo Model 23

 resulting product or service is less than ideal. But in reality,
an issue is usually rooted in an imperfect process, not in the
people involved.

Assure Quality at the Source

Perfect quality can only be achieved when every element of
work is done right the first time. If a defect occurs in a product
or service, it must be detected and corrected at the time it is
created.

Improve Flow & Pull

Value for customers is highest when it is created in response
to real demand and at a continuous and uninterrupted flow.
Although one-piece flow is the ideal, demand is often distorted
between and within organizations. Waste is anything that
disrupts the continuous flow of value.

“Most of what we call ‘management’ consists

of making it difficult for people to get their
work done.”
~ Dr. Peter Drucker, management consultant, educator, and author

Continuous Improvement
Supporting Concepts
Stabilize Processes
Stability in processes is the bedrock foundation of any
improvement system. It creates consistency and repeatability
and is the basis for problem identification. Nearly all continuous
improvement principles rely on stability because it is the
precursor to achieving flow. Many of the rationalizations for
waste are based on the instability of processes, as if they are
beyond our control. Instead, organizations should apply the
basic tools available to reduce or eliminate instability and thus
create processes that help to identify and eliminate waste.

24 The Shingo Model

 Standard Work
While stability is a necessary precondition for creating flow
and improvement, creating standard work builds control into
the process itself. Standard work is the supporting principle
behind maintaining improvement rather than springing back to
preceding practices and results. Standard work also eliminates
the need to control operations through cost standards,
production targets, or other traditional supervisory methods.
When standard work is in place, the work itself serves as the
management control mechanism. Supervisors are more free
to work on other tasks when there is no need to monitor and
control the work process.

“Where there is no standard, there can be no

improvement. For these reasons, standards
are the basis for both maintenance and
improvement.”
~ Masaaki Imai, founder of the Kaizen Institute

Go & Observe
Direct observation is a supporting principle tied to scientific
thinking. It is, in fact, the first step of the scientific method.
Observation is necessary to truly understand the process or
phenomenon being studied. All too frequently, perceptions,
past experience, instincts, and inaccurate standards are
misconstrued as reality. Through direct observation, reality can
be seen, confirmed, and established.

Focus on Value Stream

Improve Flow & Pull combined with Focus on Process
necessitates defining value streams and focusing on them.
A value stream is the collection of all the necessary steps
required to deliver value to the customer. Defining what
customers value is an essential step in focusing on the
value stream. Clearly understanding the entire value stream,
however, is the only way for an organization to improve the
value delivered and/or to improve the process by which it is
delivered.

The Shingo Model 25

 Keep It Simple and Visual
In society today we frequently see a bias toward complex
solutions as well as a premium paid to those who seem to
manage complexity well. But usually, better results at a lower
cost can be achieved by simplification. Dr. Shingo’s life work in
mistake-proofing is centered on this principle.

Much of waste is the result of information deficits. Making

information visual, when combined with simplification, solves
the information deficits.

Identify and Eliminate Waste

Identification and elimination of waste is a practical concept
for making processes flow, thus it becomes a primary focus
of continuous improvement. Waste is anything that slows or
disrupts the continuous flow of value to customers. Waste
elimination is a powerful supporting principle because it is
easily understood. Focusing on the elimination of waste will
consistently drive appropriate behavior, while the wrong
focus can frequently become a barrier to improvement. In the
end, identifying and eliminating waste will engage the entire
organization in the continuous improvement effort.

No Defect Passed Forward

The No Defect Passed Forward concept is essential for
organizational excellence from many different points of view.
From an executive’s perspective, it requires great courage to
stop the process long enough to understand the root cause
and to take counter-measures that prevent the process from
reoccurring. This often means trading any short-term loss for
substantial long-term gain. From a manager’s perspective,
systems must be in place to ensure that any result that varies
from the standard, even slightly, creates an expectation of and
support for immediate action. This is often called “swarming.”
From a team member’s point of view, no defect passed
forward requires a mind-set of ownership and accountability.
If standards are clearly defined, every person should know
what good is. Executives and managers should role-model
and then create the conditions for team members to develop

26 The Shingo Model

 the mind-set of personal integrity. Continuous
This means that no one would ever Improvement
knowingly or willingly forward the Ideal Behaviors*
outcome of their value contribution Successes and
to someone else if it contained failures are openly
the slightest variation from the communicated.
standard. Standard work
is monitored and
validated according to
“Everything should a schedule.
be made as simple as Improvement is part of
possible, but not simpler.” the work and not an
extra activity.
~ Albert Einstein
Flow is made visual.

This supporting concept feeds the Everyone is trained in

a structured, scientific
mind-set and tools of continuous approach to problem
improvement and creates the solving; coaching is
conditions for seeking perfection. It ongoing.
is possible to achieve perfection in Go and observe is part
the application of this concept. of the leader standard
work.

Integrate Improvement with Work Everyone learns how to

collect data by going
As the migration toward a to where the work
principle-based culture occurs, happens.
the activities and approaches for Abnormal conditions
continuous improvement become are quickly recognized
part of the everyday work of every and reacted to.
employee in an organization. Each Inventory is constantly
person in an organization performs minimized and viewed
daily work. When improvement is as waste, not as an
asset.
integrated with work, each person
naturally accepts responsibility Customers provide
direct or real-time
for improvement of the daily work feedback.
processes.

Executives are responsible *Note: The examples in

the above list are not
for improving strategy-setting comprehensive or prescriptive.
processes or perhaps resource-
alignment processes. They are

The Shingo Model 27

 Continuous primarily responsible for deploying
Improvement mission-critical strategy and
Sub-Systems metrics into the organization so
that every person not only has a
• Voice of the customer
clear line of sight to what matters
• Problem-solving most but are also motivated by
(A3 Thinking, PDCA,
the mission in a way that creates a
DMAIC)
compelling case for improvement.
• Value stream mapping
• Total productive Managers are responsible for
maintenance (TPM) improving quality systems, or
• Visual management performance development
systems, or value stream flow.
• 5S methodology
• Supplier development
Team members are responsible
• Continuous for improving their cycle times,
improvement or quality of work, or yields. They
methodology
become “scientists” who continually
• Production Process assess the current state of their
Preparation (3P) processes and pursue a better,
• Quick changeover future state that will enhance
or setup reductions value (or eliminate waste) and thus,
(SMED) pursue perfection.
• Error proofing/zero
defects Integrating improvement with
• New market work is more than assigning
development and responsibility; it entails the
current market creation of standardized work that
exploitation
defines the necessary systems for
• Quality function improvement.
deployment,
concurrent engineering,
etc. for product
development

28 The Shingo Model

 Rely on Data and Facts Continuous
Dr. Shingo emphasized the Improvement
importance of being data-driven Sub-Systems*
in the pursuit of continuous
(Continued)
improvement. He frequently shared
examples of specific situations • Design for
manufacturability,
where data was collected, but
testing, maintenance,
the data was incorrect or wasn’t assembly, i.e., making
actually used in the improvement it simpler and easier
process. He was adamant that to deliver best quality
the understanding of the actual and the quickest, most
process be so thorough that reliable response to the
customer at the lowest
when implementing a change in
cost
the process, the improvement,
• Engagement and
as evidenced by the data, could
involvement
be predicted. Thus, reconciliation
would be required between
the predicted results and the
actual results, making the *Note: The examples in
improvement process truly data- the above list are not
comprehensive or prescriptive.
driven. Ultimately, when data is For clarification on systems,
treated loosely or imprecisely, see pages 39-40.

the tendency is to leave potential

improvement on the table or,
even worse, to not achieve any
improvement at all.

To learn more about the second

dimension, attend a CONTINUOUS
IMPROVEMENT workshop. Visit
shingo.org/education for workshop
dates and locations.

The Shingo Model 29

 “Business and human endeavors are systems
. . . We tend to focus on snapshots of isolated
parts of the system and wonder why our
deepest problems never get solved.”
~ Dr. Peter Senge, senior lecturer at MIT
and author of The Fifth Discipline

Enterprise Alignment
The preceding sections describe the first two
dimensions of the Guiding Principles diamond
regarding people and processes. The third
dimension details the principles regarding
the purpose of an organization. To achieve
enterprise excellence, an organization must
effectively align every value stream.

30 The Shingo Model

 Think Systemically
By understanding the relationships and interconnectedness of
a system, people will make better decisions and improvements
that will more naturally align with the desired outcomes of an
organization.

Create Constancy of Purpose

An unwavering understanding of why the organization exists,
where it is going, and how it will get there enables people to
align their actions, as well as to innovate, adapt, and take risks
with greater confidence.

Create Value for the customer

Ultimately, value must be defined through the lens of what
a customer wants and is willing to pay for. Organizations that
fail to deliver both effectively and efficiently on this most
fundamental outcome cannot be sustained long term.

The Shingo Model 31

 Enterprise Enterprise Alignment
Alignment Ideal Supporting Concepts
Behaviors
See Reality
Everyone has a deep The ability to truly see reality is
enough knowledge
a very important concept. Most
of the value stream to
managers and executives consider
be able to understand
processes upstream
themselves capable of seeing
and downstream. the world around them and
assessing the current situation.
There is daily However, people can have blind
conversation about
spots due to long-held paradigms,
impact with internal and
life experience, history, personal
external customers.
expectations, and more. Thus,
Executives and the practice of Go & Observe was
managers coach team developed based on the principle
members to ensure that reality needs to be perceived
a clear connection
using the five senses.
between purpose
and the work being
performed.
Most organizations create barriers
that make it very difficult for people
Goals are visual and to see and tell the truth about what
understood, and they see. A recently-retired U.S.
everyone knows if they
senator wrote that, having traveled
are winning or losing.
on numerous trips with other

32 The Shingo Model

 political and military leaders to Enterprise
areas of serious world conflict, his Alignment Ideal
greatest disappointment was that Behaviors* (continued)
all of their assessments of progress Executives hold to
were greatly distorted from the principles even during
actual data they observed. challenging times.
Visits by executives and
Further, most organizations managers to the place
where work happens
unintentionally build cultures that
are frequent.
prevent the free flow of information
Team members are
that communicates an honest
commonly sent to
picture of reality. Max De Pree, the customer site to
former CEO of Hermann Miller said, understand how their
“The first responsibility of a leader product or service is
used.
is to define reality.” For example, a
leader must establish systems that Customer expectations
are clear and visual.
make organizational performance
and team member behavior Improvement activities
demonstrate a clear
transparent to all. understanding of
customer feedback.
No leader can effectively lead Measures are simple
without having a firm grasp of the and understood by all.
current business realities.

Focus on the Long Term *Note: The examples in

the above list are not
Jeffrey K. Liker, award-winning comprehensive or prescriptive.
author and professor at the
University of Michigan, highlights
the principle of long-term focus.
He teaches that focusing on the
long term provides a foundation of
“The most
stability in the executive suite that
magnificent
can be achieved in no other way.
scheme in the
When an organization is focused
world will be
on the long term, it is more likely
worthless if your
to make decisions that will pursue
perception of the
safety, quality, delivery, and cost
current situation
rather than just monthly or quarterly
is in error.”
financial targets or bonus cut-offs. ~ Dr. Shigeo Shingo

The Shingo Model 33

 Enterprise In conjunction with short- and
Alignment medium-term priorities, thinking
Systems* in terms of 20- to 50-year legacy
• Strategy deployment goals significantly reduces the
tendency for knee-jerk reactions to
• Assessment
urgent pressures.
• Communication
• Customer relationship Align Systems
management (CRM) From the stakeholders’
• Information technology perspectives, the full potential is
realized only when most critical
• Accounting/finance
aspects of an enterprise share a
• Measurement common platform of principles
• Reporting/ of operational excellence,
accountability management systems, and
• Voice of the customer tools. While it is expected that
organizations develop some unique
• Visual management
elements of their local culture, it
• Risk management
is also expected that principles
• Human resource become a common, unifying part of
• Governance each locale. Top-level leadership,
staff, and business processes
• Regulatory
should exemplify the same
• Project management principles, systems, and tools as
*Note: The examples in the operational components of the
the above list are not entire enterprise.
comprehensive or prescriptive.
For clarification on systems,
see pages 39-40.

34 The Shingo Model

 “It’s the easiest thing in the world to argue
logically that something is impossible. It is much
more difficult to ask how something might be
accomplished, to transcend its difficulties, and to
imagine how it might be made possible. Go all out
in pursuit of ways to do the impossible.”
~ Dr. Shigeo Shingo

Align Behaviors with Performance

Ideal behavior drives long-term results. This happens when the
systems are aligned with principles of operational excellence.
Managers should help each person anchor their personal
values with these same principles, because personal values
are what ultimately drive individual behaviors. Executives are
responsible for creating the environment and the process for
people to evaluate their own values relative to the performance
results required of the organization.

One business set a goal to reduce customer complaints only

to find that as they did, they began to lose valuable customers.
The measure drove behavior that made complaining such a
painful experience that customers just stopped calling. A better
goal might have been to increase the number of complaints so
that every disappointment could be given an opportunity to be
resolved.

Policy Deployment
Policy deployment is a planning and implementation
system based on scientific thinking, employee involvement,
and respect for the individual. At the strategy level, policy
deployment provides leadership with the necessary principles,
systems, and tools to carefully align key objectives and
execution strategies. This empowers the organization, through
cascading levels of detail, to achieve those objectives. Because
so many people are involved, clarity is critical. An aligned
strategy helps keep everyone on the same page and pointed in
the same direction.

The Shingo Model 35

 Standardized Daily Management
The concept of having some level of detailed work description
for how to actually do daily work applies at all levels of an
organization, even leadership. (Regardless of the perception
among many executives, their work can and should be
organized into standard components.)

Standard daily management creates a reference point from

which continuous improvement can be based. Standard
daily management can lead to greater process control,
reduction in variability, improved quality and flexibility, stability
(or predictable outcomes), visibility of abnormalities, clear
expectations, and to a platform for individual and organizational
learning. Standard daily management also enables creativity
that is focused and controlled rather than ad hoc. Executives
who follow and insist upon standard work send a clear
message that no one is above continuous improvement.

Measure What Matters

Historically, organizations have tended to measure the things
management needs to know to be able to plan, organize, and
control. But widespread involvement is essential for continuous
improvement and consistent performance. Therefore, it is
important to define measures that matter to those who need
and use them. Team members need different measures than
managers who need to plan on a larger scale and executives
who are responsible for the entire enterprise.

Measurements should directly tie to strategic priorities, are

easy to capture, give timely feedback tied to the work cycle,
and drive improvement. Ultimately, measurements should be
created to ensure that everyone is focused on the appropriate
strategic activities that drive continuous improvement to move
the entire enterprise forward.

Identify the Customer

Although the traditional view of customers as immediate
recipients of a product or service may be appropriate in some
contexts, this view is often too narrow. In the context of the

36 The Shingo Model

 Shingo Model, a customer may include multiple relevant
stakeholders that span the supply and value chains and
beyond. This view addresses the needs, wants, and sensitivities
of producers or providers, as well as users, consumers, or
recipients of products and services. It also includes those
directly or indirectly impacted by the manufacture, distribution,
use, or provision of a product or service. This may include
individuals, policy makers, and the natural environment. This
contemporary view of customers requires a balancing of
stakeholder considerations and is consistent with increasing
expectations that enterprises should be both socially and
environmentally responsible.

Identify Cause-and-Effect Relationships

When drivers want to make a car go faster, they simply
apply more pressure to the gas pedal. So, the “dial” is the
speedometer. What moves the dial? Pressing on the gas pedal.
Why does this work? Because there is a physical connection
between the pedal, the engine, and the axle. This is a clear
cause-and-effect relationship. To create value, organizations
must discover similar cause-and-effect relationships to
determine how goals can be achieved.

To learn more about the third dimension in the Shingo Model, attend
the ENTERPRISE ALIGNMENT workshop. Visit shingo.org/education
for workshop dates and locations.

To learn how all dimensions work together to build a culture of

organizational excellence, attend the capstone workshop, BUILD
EXCELLENCE. Visit shingo.org/education for workshop dates and
locations.

The Shingo Model 37

 “An organization moves closer
to excellence as it achieves its desired
results as an outcome of behaviors, driven by
systems that can sustain not only the results
but also the culture that created them.”
~ Shingo Institute

Systems, Tools,
Results, and Culture
The final four diamonds on the Shingo
Model—Systems, Tools, Results, and Culture—
are critical to the long-term success of an
organization. Together, they drive behavior
ever closer to the ideal and to a sustainable
culture of organizational excellence.

38 The Shingo Model

 Tools
A tool is a point solution or a specific means
to an end. Dr. Shingo described the concept
of a tool as a technique for solving a specific
problem, necessary but not sufficient by itself
to solve broader problems. Tools should be selected to enable
a system to perform its intended purpose. They should be
eliminated or changed when the tool is no longer needed or
fails to be the best solution.

One common mistake made by organizations is focusing too

heavily on a specific tool-set as the basis for improvement
efforts. Tools do not answer the question “why,” they only focus
on “how.” But knowing the “how” without understanding fully
the “why” often leaves team members waiting for instructions,
powerless to act on their own.

Conversely, when team members understand how the tools

they use serve the system as a whole and help achieve its
purpose, they are better able to use the tools toward the
desired outcome. In other words, if they understand why
the tool is important to the system, they can use the tool in
alignment with the purpose of the system. It is an important
form of empowerment for team members.

Systems
Think of a system as a collection of tools
working together to accomplish an intended
outcome. W. Edwards Deming, author of Out
of the Crisis, defined a system as “a network
of interdependent components that work together to try to
accomplish the aim of the system. The aim of the system must
be clear to everyone in the system.”

A successful enterprise is usually made up of complex systems

that can be divided into layers of management, improvement,
and work systems, each containing the necessary

The Shingo Model 39

 communication tools and system components to enable the
successful outcome of the system. Successful outcome is
defined in both performance and behavioral terms.

The primary role of managers must shift from firefighting to

designing, aligning, and improving systems. To this end, the
Shingo Institute defines three types of systems—management
systems, improvement system and its sub-systems, and work
systems. Each system has a specific focus. Management
systems focus on leading the organization by developing
system leaders, improvement systems focus on making the
organization better, and work systems focus on improving
the workflows. Critical components and tools have also been
defined for creating a structure that is robust and sustainable.

Results
The focus of most leadership is on what many
consider to be their key responsibility: results
(commonly referred to as key performance
indicators or KPIs). Please do not misunderstand.
An organization must have performance results to succeed.
Value needs to be considered from the perspective of the
customer, rather than from enterprise leadership. But lagging
indicator KPIs are usually what an organization uses as
measurements of behavior and, therefore, culture.

It is important to differentiate between leading and lagging

indicators. Leading indicators are generally described as, or
are closest to, behavior. Whereas, lagging indicators measure
performance results. The indicators used to influence and
change behavior and culture are generally different from, but
connected to, the ones that report the performance of an
organization or KPIs on which leadership is measured. Simply
put, when it comes to sustainability and enterprise excellence,
how an organization achieves the result (behavior) is just as
important as the result itself (KPI).

40 The Shingo Model

 Culture
The foundation of an enterprise is culture, and it
is at the heart of the entire Shingo Model. All the
guiding principles need to be embedded into
the culture. Principles inform ideal behaviors, or
what becomes the behavioral goals. Cultural transformation
requires a shift in behaviors and the systems that drive behavior.
Therefore, systems need to align with the principle through
the ideal behaviors they inform, shifting the culture ever closer
to ideal behavior. In the end, an organization will most likely
need to adjust old systems, create new systems, and eliminate
systems that no longer drive desired behavior or are misaligned.
Focusing only on KPIs means that the enterprise is focused
on the short term. It is not sustainable. It tends to focus on
fighting fires in order to provide short-term results. However, if
an organization creates a principle-based culture, it focuses on
both KPIs and KBIs. Principle-based cultures are focused on the
long term. When an organization is long-term focused, it drives
improved KPIs through improving KBIs.

An enterprise that does not operate on principles operates

on an ever-growing set of policies. The enterprise becomes
overwhelmed with an overabundance of unnecessary control
systems that police team members rather than empower them.
In the end, the principle-based cultural shift encompasses and
consumes all systems, tools, and results, whereas a policy-
based structure controls systems. That is simply not acceptable
because control costs too much. An organization needs a
long-term, principle-based culture in order to drive sustainable
organizational excellence.

The Shingo Model 41

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Summary of the Shingo Model

Organizational excellence is the vision many organizations
use to drive improvement. Real change is only possible when
leaders understand the timeless principles of organizational
excellence and embed them in the organization’s culture.
Leaders must drive principles and culture while managers
must design and align systems to drive ideal, principle-based
behavior. Involvement of the entire organization—every team
member—is essential for genuine, sustainable improvement.

Each of the four remaining components of the Shingo Model—

systems, tools, results, and culture­—should be influenced
by the principles. Culture is the sum of all behaviors in an
organization. Systems drive behavior and, if aligned to principles

42 The Shingo Model

 through the ideal behaviors they
inform, systems will drive behavior
ever closer to ideal. Systems
will make it easier to do the right
thing, or the thing the system was
designed to do in the first place.

The closer an organization moves

toward ideal behavior the better
the principle drives results.
Therefore, the results achieved
affirm the correctness of the “A relentless
behavior informed by the principle. barrage of ‘why’
Finally, systems select the tools is the best way
needed to enable the system to prepare your
to achieve results. The level of
results achieved determines if the
mind to pierce
tools need to be refined within the the clouded
system. veil of thinking
caused by the
The Shingo Model provides the status quo. Use
framework for any organization it often.”
or industry to transform its
organizational culture. The Shingo ~ Dr. Shigeo Shingo
Prize assessment, based on the
Shingo Model, is a standard of
excellence for organizations to
leverage their strengths and
opportunities. Regardless of
whether an organization challenges
for the Shingo Prize or not, the real
prize from embracing the Shingo
Model is a sustainable culture of
organizational excellence.

The Shingo Model 43

 Shingo Workshops
The Shingo workshops help attendees
gain a deeper understanding of the
Shingo Model. These workshops teach the
ideal behaviors necessary to achieve ideal
results within an organization.

44 The Shingo Model

 Discover Excellence
This foundational, two-day workshop introduces
the Shingo Model, the Shingo Guiding Principles, and
the Three Insights of Organizational Excellence. With
active discussions and on-site learning at a host
organization, this program is a highly interactive
experience. It is designed to make your learning meaningful and
immediately applicable as you discover how to release the latent
potential in an organization to achieve organizational excellence. It
provides the basic understanding needed in all Shingo workshops;
therefore, it is a prerequisite to all the other workshops, and concludes
with the BUILD EXCELLENCE workshop.

As a participant, you will:

• Learn and understand the Shingo Model.
• Discover the Three Insights of Organizational Excellence.
• Explore how the Shingo Guiding Principles inform ideal behaviors that
ultimately lead to sustainable results.
• Understand the behavioral assessment process through an
interactive case study and on-site learning.

Systems Design
This two-day workshop integrates classroom and
on-site experiences at a host facility to build upon
the knowledge and experience gained from the
DISCOVER EXCELLENCE* workshop, and focuses
on the Systems and Tools diamonds in the Shingo
Model. It begins by explaining that all work in an organization is the
outcome of a system. Systems must be designed to create a specific
end objective; otherwise, they evolve on their own. Systems drive
the behavior of people, and variation in behavior leads to variation in
results. Organizational excellence requires well-designed systems to
drive ideal behaviors that are required to produce sustainable results.

In this workshop, you will:

• Discover the three types of essential systems.
• Explore the five required communication tools for each system.
• Learn how to create and use system maps.
• Understand system standard work and how it drives improvement.
*DISCOVER EXCELLENCE is a prerequisite to this workshop.

The Shingo Model 45

 Cultural Enablers
This two-day workshop integrates classroom and
on-site experiences at a host facility to build upon
the knowledge and experience gained from the
DISCOVER EXCELLENCE* workshop. It takes you
deeper into the Shingo Model by focusing on the
principles identified in the Cultural Enablers dimension:

• Respect Every Individual

• Lead with Humility

Cultural Enablers principles make it possible for people in an

organization to engage in the transformation journey, progress in
their understanding, and build a culture of organizational excellence.
Organizational excellence cannot be achieved through top-down
directives or piecemeal implementation of tools. It requires a
widespread organizational commitment. The CULTURAL ENABLERS
workshop will help you define ideal behaviors and the systems that
drive them by using behavioral benchmarks.
*DISCOVER EXCELLENCE and SYSTEMS DESIGN are prerequisites to this workshop.

Continuous Improvement
This two- or three-day workshop integrates
classroom and on-site experiences at a host facility
to build upon the knowledge and experience
gained from the DISCOVER EXCELLENCE* workshop.
It begins by teaching you how to clearly define
value through the eyes of your customers. It continues the discussion
about ideal behaviors, fundamental purpose, and behavioral
benchmarks and takes you deeper into the Shingo Model by focusing
on the principles identified in the Continuous Improvement dimension:

• Seek Perfection
• Embrace Scientific Thinking
• Focus on Process
• Assure Quality at the Source
• Improve Flow & Pull

The CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT workshop will deepen your

understanding of the relationship between behaviors, systems, and
principles, and how they drive results.
*DISCOVER EXCELLENCE and SYSTEMS DESIGN are prerequisites to this workshop.

46 The Shingo Model

 Enterprise Alignment
This two-day workshop integrates classroom and
on-site experiences at a host facility to build upon the
knowledge and experience gained from the DISCOVER
EXCELLENCE* workshop. It takes you deeper into the
Shingo Model by focusing on the principles identified in
the Enterprise Alignment dimension:

• Think Systemically
• Create Constancy of Purpose
• Create Value for the Customer

To succeed, organizations must develop management systems that align

work and behaviors with principles and direction in ways that are simple,
comprehensive, actionable, and standardized. Organizations must get
results, and creating value for customers is ultimately accomplished
through the effective alignment of every value stream in an organization.
The ENTERPRISE ALIGNMENT workshop continues the discussion
around defining ideal behaviors and the systems that drive them.
*DISCOVER EXCELLENCE and SYSTEMS DESIGN are prerequisites to this workshop.

Build Excellence
This two-day capstone workshop integrates
classroom and on-site experiences at a host facility
to solidify the knowledge and experience gained
from the previous five Shingo workshops. The
BUILD EXCELLENCE* workshop demonstrates
the integrated relationships and execution of principles, systems, and
tools that drive behavior in a culture toward the ideal while achieving
desired results. The workshop addresses the Shingo Model in its entirety
by developing a structured approach that will accelerate a cultural
transformation.

In this final Shingo workshop, you will:

• Discover how the Shingo Model strengthens the execution of your
strategy.
• Learn how to shift your culture, guided by organizational purpose, to
the next level.
• Use Go & Observe to understand the practical application of the
Shingo Model.
• Accelerate your cultural transformation by applying the learnings
gained from the Shingo Model into a PDCA cycle.
*All Shingo workshops are prerequisites to this capstone workshop.
Individuals that complete the full workshop series will become Shingo Alumni.

The Shingo Model 47

 Shingo Alumni
Individuals that complete the
Shingo workshop series are
inducted into an elite group of
Shingo Alumni. They earn this
recognition by applying what they
Alumni Benefits learned in the workshops and by
• Recognition at Shingo implementing systems that help to
Awards Gala drive their cultural transformation.
• Discount to Shingo A Shingo Alum’s cultural
conferences/summits transformation is highlighted by
• Name and company
measured improvement in key
listed on Shingo performance indicators driven by
website the appropriate behaviors.
• Shingo Alumni graphic
for email signature line
and business cards To apply for Shingo Alumni
recognition, visit shingo.org/
alumni.

48 The Shingo Model

 Licensed Affiliates
Shingo Licensed Affiliates are organizations that
are well-established in targeted regions around
the world and are heavily involved in leading
organizations to organizational excellence
through cultural transformation.

Affiliates are also well-versed in the Shingo

Model and assessment methodology and are
authorized to teach the Shingo workshops.

The Shingo Model 49

 Licensed Affiliates
Each affiliate has years of teaching experience and a wide array
of expertise. An affiliate is available to help you on your Shingo
journey in almost any country or language. They teach the
Shingo workshops as scheduled events available to the general
public or as exclusive workshops for private groups.

Learn More: shingo.org/affiliates

4results.pl alfraleanadvisors.com alphadi.de

blomconsultancy.nl bpi-group.com.ua caldwellassociatesexcel.com

eesolpra.com.mx efeso.com gaticonsultoria.com.br

gbmp.org gpicorporation.com pxsglobal.net

gohkpo.com impactperformancesolutions.com lean.lk

50 The Shingo Model

 ktd.mx ledbusinessconsulting.com legup.solutions

lensys.mx macgroup.co.za makoto-investments.com

manufacturersnetwork.co.uk mobius.eu opexacademy.net

qualityforexcellence.pt sapartners.com/shingo sisulms.com

manufacturinginstitute.co.uk tmac.org unopro.com.tr

valuecapturellc.com xcelliumconsulting.com xi-horizons.com

Licensed Online Provider

Visit myeducator.com
to view select online
content.

6-sigma.com.cn myeducator.com

The Shingo Model 51

 Shingo MBA
In conjunction with the Utah State
University Master of Business Administration,
the Shingo Institute administers a concentration
in Operational Excellence, known
as the Shingo MBA.

52 The Shingo Model

 SHINGO MBA
The Shingo MBA is an online program where students gain a
deep understanding of the Shingo Model and the principles
and behaviors necessary to make operational excellence
sustainable.

The Operational Excellence concentration requires students

to complete all six of the Shingo workshops and participate
in them alongside working professionals. Students also
complete an improvement project that is administered within
their own organization and are assigned a mentor among the
experienced Shingo examiners. This gives each Shingo MBA
student the opportunity to connect with a senior, experienced
Shingo leader.

To apply their knowledge to the real world, students are

given the opportunity to participate in a virtual study tour of
organizations that are currently using the Shingo Model to drive
significant improvements in their organizations.

Finally, along with registration to Shingo conferences, summits,

and other popular events, the Shingo MBA program allows
students the rare opportunity to observe a Shingo site
assessment where Shingo examiners assess the achievements
of Prize-challenging organizations.

The AACSB-accredited degree can be completed in as little

as two years. Applications are accepted throughout the year.
Students may begin their program at the start of any semester.

To learn more about the Shingo MBA, please

visit huntsman.usu.edu/mba/shingo-online-mba.

The Shingo Model 53

 Shingo Events
The Shingo Institute hosts a variety of events
designed to bring together leaders, managers,
and team members to network and learn from
transformational experts and thought leaders
from around the world.

54 The Shingo Model

 Shingo Conferences and Summits
Shingo conferences and summits highlight Shingo recipient
organizations, thought leaders, and industry experts who share
their experience using the Shingo Model and how they shape
cultures that drive organizational excellence.

Each event offers a selection of workshops, site tours, keynote

speakers, and breakout sessions designed to provide ongoing
knowledge, insight, and experience for organizations in their
pursuit of organizational excellence. They are the perfect
opportunity to network with leaders and managers who are all
striving to improve their organizations.

Shingo Study Tours and Showcases

Shingo Study Tours and Shingo Showcases allow participants to
see organizational culture through the lens of the Shingo Model.
Participants will experience first-hand what is at the heart of this
enterprise excellence model by benchmarking host companies,
speaking with company leaders, and peer networking.
Participants will see the tools, systems, and behaviors of
operational and organizational excellence in action. Private
Study Tours and Showcases can be customized to your request.

Shingo Principles Podcast, Webinars,

and the Shingo Blog
The Shingo Principles Podcast and webinars provide ways for
attendees to engage with thought leaders and practitioners
from around the world that are experienced in transforming
cultures using the Shingo Model. Guests also write an article
highlighting their experience using the Shingo Model, which is
then posted on the Shingo blog.

To learn more about future events, please

visit shingo.org/events.

The Shingo Model 55

 “The Shingo Guiding Principles, founded in
logic and built over time, have assisted us in
moving further toward operational excellence. As
we adapted our site to align with these principles,
we found ourselves doing things that just make
sense. This is testament to the power of the
principle-led approach.”

~ Pat Kealy, Manager of Operations, Abbott Vascular Division Clonmel

2014 Shingo Prize Recipient

Shingo Awards
Originating in 1988, the Shingo Prize
has become the world’s highest standard
for organizational excellence.

56 The Shingo Model

 Shingo Awards
As an effective way to benchmark progress toward
organizational excellence, organizations throughout the world
challenge for the Shingo Prize.

Originating in 1988, the Shingo Prize has become the world’s

highest standard for organizational excellence. This is in
response to a systematic process of “raising the bar,” which
began in 2008 after a deep study regarding the necessary
components of creating a culture that is able to sustain
improvements and consistently drive results. Focus shifted from
an emphasis on tool and programmatic assessment toward a
complete assessment of an organization’s culture.

Volunteer Shingo examiners now focus on determining the

degree to which the Shingo Guiding Principles are evident in
the behavior of every employee. They observe behavior and
determine the frequency, duration, intensity, and scope of the
desired principle-based behavior.

They observe the degree to which leaders are focused on

principles and culture, and managers are focused on aligning
systems to drive ideal behaviors at all levels. This focus is
the most rigorous way of determining if an organization is
fundamentally improving for the long term or just going
through the motions of another short-term initiative. Recipients
of Shingo recognition fall into three categories: Shingo Prize,
Shingo Silver Medallion, and Shingo Bronze Medallion.

Shingo Prize
The Shingo Prize is awarded to organizations
THE
SHINGO that have robust key systems driving behavior
PRIZE close to ideal, as informed by the principles of
organizational excellence, and supported by
strong key performance indicator and key behavioral indicator
trends and levels. Shingo Prize recipients show the greatest
potential for sustainability as measured by the frequency,
intensity, duration, scope, and role of the behaviors evident in
the organizational culture.

The Shingo Model 57

 Shingo Silver Medallion
The Shingo Silver Medallion is awarded
to organizations that are well along the
transformation path and heading in an
appropriate direction as it relates to principles,
systems, tools, and results. Behaviors and measures show
results from a focus on key systems. Significant progress has
been made with respect to frequency, intensity, duration,
scope, and role of the behaviors evident in the organizational
culture.

Shingo Bronze Medallion

The Shingo Bronze Medallion is awarded to
organizations that are at the developmental stage
as it relates to principles, systems, tools, and
results. Behaviors and measures are identified and
the organization is working toward stability in both. Progress is
made with respect to frequency, intensity, duration, scope, and
role of the behaviors evident in the organizational culture.

Most organizations do not wait until they believe they might

qualify for the Shingo Prize to challenge. They challenge for
the Prize so they can have a team of organizational excellence
experts, Shingo examiners, visit the organization and evaluate
its culture and performance.

Some organizations do not intend to challenge for the Prize,

but use the Shingo Model and the Prize Assessment process to
measure themselves as they work toward the highest standard
of excellence in the world to which they can aspire.

If you are interested in challenging for the Shingo Prize,

please visit shingo.org/challengefortheprize to download the
Application Guidelines and the Application Form.

58 The Shingo Model

 H
IN
GO
Shingo Publication Award
INSTI
TU
T
E
•S

The Shingo Publication Award recognizes and

•

promotes writing that has had a significant impact

D

U
and advances the body of knowledge regarding
P

BL A
IC A W
TIO N A

organizational excellence. Submissions for

this award either contribute substantial new knowledge and
understanding of organizational excellence, or offer a significant
extension of existing knowledge and understanding of
organizational excellence. The types of accepted submissions
include books or monographs, published articles, case studies,
and applied publications/multimedia programs.

H
IN
GO Shingo Research Award
INSTI
TU
T

The Shingo Research Award recognizes and

E
•S

promotes research and writing that advances

the body of knowledge regarding organizational
D

E
R

SE
R

A
AR C H AW

excellence. Submissions for this award either

contribute substantial new knowledge and understanding
of operational excellence, or offer a significant extension
of existing knowledge and understanding of operational
excellence. The types of accepted submissions include books
or monographs, published articles, and case studies.

The Shingo Model 59

 THE
SHINGO
PRIZE

Recent Shingo Prize Recipients

2022
Hologic, Coyol, Costa Rica

2021
Jabil Healthcare, Bray, Dublin, Ireland

2020
Abbott Nutrition Supply Chain, One China Enterprise, Shanghai,
Jiaxing, China
Ipsen Pharma Biotech, Signes, SUD, France

2019
Abbott Nutrition Supply Chain, Sturgis, Michigan, USA
Abbott Nutrition Supply Chain, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
Boston Scientific, Coyol, Costa Rica
Merit Medical Systems Inc., Tijuana, México
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Industrial Operations &
Product Supply, Rensselaer, New York, USA

2018
Abbott Nutrition Supply Chain, Granada, Spain
AbbVie Ballytivnan, Sligo, Ireland
Ball Beverage Packaging Europe, Naro-Fominsk Cans, Novaya
Olkhovka, Russia

60 The Shingo Model

 Recent Silver Medallion
Recipients

2022
Boston Scientific, Arden Hills, Minnesota, USA
Abbott Diabetes Care, Donegal, Ireland

2020
Boston Scientific, Clonmel, Ireland
Edwards Service Technology Center, Jhunan, Taiwan

2019
Analog Devices International, Limerick, Ireland
Hologic Surgical Products, Coyol, Costa Rica
Visteon Electronics India Private Limited, Chennai, India

Recent Bronze Medallion

Recipients

2020
Edwards Service Center Technology Center, Cheonan, Korea

2019
Abbott Healthcare Products B.V., Weesp, Netherlands
DSV Panalpina Sorocaba Facility, Sorocaba, Brazil

For the list of Publication and Research Award recipients, please

visit shingo.org/awards/publication-award or shingo.org/awards/
research-award.

The Shingo Model 61

 Shingo Executive Advisory Board
The Shingo Executive Advisory Board consists of outstanding
leaders from a wide variety of organizations and industries
who have established themselves in their careers as principle-
centered leaders building cultures of excellence.

Chad Albrecht Kieran Noonan

Professor of Strategy & MBA Director Site Director of Operations
Jon M. Huntsman School of Business, Bausch & Lomb
Utah State University
Gary Peterson
Nigel Blenkinsop Executive Vice President, Supply
Executive Director, Quality & Customer Chain & Production
Satisfaction O.C. Tanner Company
Jaguar Land Rover
Fernando Ramirez-Garza
Andy Eichfeld CEO & Founder
Chief Human Resources & Leap Consulting
Administrative Officer
Discover Financial Services Ritsuo Shingo
President
Sandrine Garcia Institute of Management Improvement
Site Director
Ipsen Signes Ken Snyder
Executive Director
Tony Hayes Shingo Institute
Senior Director, Wabash Management
System, CI and Quality Billy Taylor
Wabash Founder & CEO
LinkedXL
Michelle Lue-Reid
Chief Spring Officer John Toussaint
TPG Telecom CEO
Catalysis Inc.
Sheila Montney
Alderman Heidi Wirtz
City of Bloomington, Illinois Senior Director, Global Lean Six Sigma
Jabil Circuit
Torbjørn Netland
Chair of Production and Operations Fulian Ye
Management Opex Specialist
ETH Zürich Dana Motion Systems

62 The Shingo Model

The Shingo Institute is part of the Jon M. Huntsman School
of Business at Utah State University and is named after
Japanese industrial engineer Dr. Shigeo Shingo.

shingo.org

Shingo Institute
3521 Old Main Hill
Logan, Utah 84322
USA