FLAMEVision

FV400 Series – 
Triple IR Flame
Detectors

Product Application and

Design Information Manual
120.515.123_FV-D-400-A

Doc. version 2
14. October 2013
© Thorn Security Ltd., Dunhams Lane, Letchworth, SG6 1BE, UK, 2013
Contents subject to change without notice.
All rights to this documentation, including the contents of the online help, are reserved, in particular but not limited
to the rights of copying, distribution and translation.
No portion of this documentation, including the online help, may be reproduced, edited, copied or distributed in any
form without prior written authorization from Thorn Security Ltd. Use of the data medium provided with this product
is restricted to copying the software for the purpose of data backup only.Use of the data medium provided with this
product is restricted to copying the software for the purpose of data backup only.
FV400 Series Flame Detectors Contents

Contents

1 Introduction ......................................................................................................5
1.1 About this Guide ............................................................................................................ 5
1.1.1 Who this Guide is For ................................................................................................................................5
1.1.2 What this Guide Covers.............................................................................................................................5
1.1.3 What this Guide does not Cover................................................................................................................5
1.2 Overview ........................................................................................................................ 5
1.3 Typical Features ............................................................................................................. 6
1.3.1 Detection ...................................................................................................................................................6
1.3.2 Electrical Interfaces ...................................................................................................................................6
1.3.3 Functions ...................................................................................................................................................6
1.3.4 Mechanical.................................................................................................................................................6

2 Flame Detection and False Alarm Immunity .....................................................7

2.1 Flame Detection Operation ............................................................................................ 7
2.1.1 Detection Range ........................................................................................................................................7
2.2 False Alarm Immunity .................................................................................................... 7
2.2.1 Detection of flame in the presence of Blackbody Radiation ......................................................................7
2.2.2 Immunity to Solar Radiation.......................................................................................................................8

3 Application........................................................................................................9
3.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 9
3.1.1 Choice of Mounting Position .....................................................................................................................9
3.1.2 Use in Hazardous Atmospheres ................................................................................................................9

4 Functional Characteristics ..............................................................................10

4.1 Electrical Characteristics ............................................................................................. 11
4.1.1 General ....................................................................................................................................................11
4.1.2 Fire and Fault Relay Outputs ...................................................................................................................11
4.1.3 4-20 mA Current Loop .............................................................................................................................11
4.1.4 MX Loop Interface ...................................................................................................................................12
4.1.5 MODBUS Network Interface ...................................................................................................................13
4.1.6 Conventional Interface.............................................................................................................................13
4.1.7 Window Heater........................................................................................................................................14
4.1.8 Walk-Test Input........................................................................................................................................14
4.1.9 Remote LED ............................................................................................................................................14
4.1.10 Video Output............................................................................................................................................14
4.2 Performance Characteristics........................................................................................ 15
4.2.1 General ....................................................................................................................................................15
4.2.2 False Alarm Immunity..............................................................................................................................16
4.3 Design of the System ................................................................................................... 16
4.3.1 General ....................................................................................................................................................16
4.4 General Construction ................................................................................................... 17
4.4.1 Mechanical Characteristics ......................................................................................................................18
4.5 Environmental 
Characteristics ............................................................................................................. 19
4.5.1 Temperature and Humidity ......................................................................................................................19
4.5.2 Vibration and Shock .................................................................................................................................19
4.5.3 Electromagnetic Compatibility .................................................................................................................19
4.6 Approvals, Compliance with Standards ....................................................................... 19
4.6.1 FlameProof Certification ..........................................................................................................................19
4.6.2 EN54 Approval .........................................................................................................................................20
4.6.3 Construction Product Directive ................................................................................................................20

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 3

Contents FV400 Series Flame Detectors

4.6.4 Marking....................................................................................................................................................20

5 Operation ........................................................................................................21
5.1 Flame Detection Operation .......................................................................................... 21
5.2 Indicators ..................................................................................................................... 21
5.2.1 Power Up and Initialization ......................................................................................................................21
5.2.2 Alarm and Pre-Alarm Indication ...............................................................................................................21
5.2.3 Alarm Signalling .......................................................................................................................................21
5.2.4 Pre-Alarm Signalling .................................................................................................................................22
5.2.5 Fault and OPM Indication ........................................................................................................................22
5.2.6 Configuration Fault Indication ..................................................................................................................22
5.2.7 Service Mode Indication ..........................................................................................................................22
5.2.8 Fault and OPM Signalling.........................................................................................................................23
5.2.9 Alarm Confirmation (Delay to Alarm) .......................................................................................................23
5.2.10 Resetting Alarm and Fault Conditions .....................................................................................................24

6 Maintenance....................................................................................................25
6.1 General ......................................................................................................................... 25
6.1.1 Routine Inspection ...................................................................................................................................25
6.1.2 Fault Finding ............................................................................................................................................25
6.1.3 Walk-Test and Window Test (OPM) ........................................................................................................25
6.1.4 WT300 Walk-Test Tool ............................................................................................................................25
6.2 Ordering Information ................................................................................................... 26

7 Appendix-A......................................................................................................27
7.1 MODBUS Interface ....................................................................................................... 27
7.1.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................................27
7.1.2 References ..............................................................................................................................................27
7.1.3 Electrical Interface ...................................................................................................................................27
7.1.4 MODBUS Serial Line Parameters ............................................................................................................27
7.1.5 Supported MODBUS Function Codes .....................................................................................................27
7.1.6 Registers..................................................................................................................................................27
7.1.7 Detector Command Register...................................................................................................................28
7.1.8 Detector Overall Status Register .............................................................................................................28
7.1.9 Command Transfer from PLC to FV400 Detector ...................................................................................29

8 Appendix-B ......................................................................................................30
8.1 Video Text Overlay ....................................................................................................... 30
8.1.1 Video Text Overlay...................................................................................................................................30
8.1.2 Quiescent State .......................................................................................................................................30
8.1.3 Alarm State ..............................................................................................................................................31
8.1.4 Window (OPM) Test and Alarm Test .......................................................................................................31
8.1.5 Hardware Fault State ...............................................................................................................................32
8.1.6 Other Messages ......................................................................................................................................33

4 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 1 Introduction

1 Introduction
This guide provides detailed information on the Design For some variants of the detector, an in-built CCTV cam-
and Application of the FV400 Series of detectors. It cov- era can transmit a “detector's eye view” of the pro-
ers all three flameproof variants: FV411f, FV412f and tected area to a CCTV monitor. Superimposed onto the
FV413f. CCTV is the video overlay showing alarm and status
information.
The FV400 Series of detectors has three flameproof var-
1.1 About this Guide iants as follows:
 FV411f - No camera
1.1.1 Who this Guide is For
 FV412f - PAL camera
This guide is aimed at suitably qualified engineers who
are experienced in the principles of Fire Detection and  FV413f - NTSC camera
Alarm System (FDAS) design. The detectors have the following outputs to connect to
It is assumed that they have prior knowledge of how to the external monitoring equipment:
apply flame detectors in hazardous areas and are famil-  4-20 mA Current Loop
iar with the appropriate standards and directives (ATEX,  MX Loop
IEC Ex etc).  Video Output (FV412f and FV413f)
 MODBUS (RS485)
1.1.2 What this Guide Covers  Fire and Fault Relays
This guide provides the necessary information to sup-  Conventional Interface
port the design of a fire detection system using the The detectors have heaters to keep the detector win-
FV400 Series of detectors. This guide includes the tech- dows clear of ice and mist.
nical information and relevant notes to design a FDAS The FV400 Series of detectors is highly configurable to
using the FV400 detectors. provide versatile detectors for all applications. The most
common options are set using DIP switches with more
advanced options set using the FV Consys.
1.1.3 What this Guide does not Cover
This guide does not provide general information on the
principles of fire alarm and control system design where Reference Document
this is covered by local regulations. These will typically Refer to the FV400 Series Fixing Instructions
cover cable specifications and detector siting restric- guide for information on DIP Switches config-
tions, and it will be the responsibility of the designer to uration.
ensure these are followed.

Reference Document The FV400 Series of detectors also include features

designed to reduce maintenance, including remote con-
Refer to the FV400 Series Fixing Instructions
figuration, internal diagnostic logs and built-in alarm and
guide for information on installation, mount-
window cleanliness tests. A portable test tool, suitable
ing, wiring, configuration and commissioning
for use in hazardous areas is available to operate the
of the detectors.
alarm and window test facilities remotely.
The detectors are housed in rugged stainless steel
housing suitable for external use in harsh environments
1.2 Overview (See Fig. 1). The housing provides two 20 mm cable
The FV400 Series of detectors is a family of advanced, gland entries for wiring with terminal blocks for cable
high technology triple IR flame detectors that provide termination.
reliable wide area flame detection of burning hydrocar- A stainless bracket is available to mount the detector. It
bon fuels. They also offer excellent false alarm immu- provides flexible adjustment (in any direction) to easily
nity. position the detector such that the detector’s field of
view covers the protected area.

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 5

1.3 Typical Features FV400 Series Flame Detectors

1.3 Typical Features  Remote control of delay, range and remote test via
the MX Loop. (Options configured in FV Consys)
1.3.1 Detection
 Very low quiescent power consumption.
 Fast and reliable, high sensitivity flame detection
 Ease of installation.
with high false alarm immunity, throughout a wide
 Connection for remote LED.
field of view.
 Integral flame simulation for verification of detection
 Operational range 65 m (0.1 m2 heptane pan fire) on
axis with wide field of view - 90° horizontal and 85° and is activated by either using IR remote-control or
vertical field of view. (See Figs. 8 and 9) using the wired Walk-Test input.
 Consistent detection of different sizes of flames  Diagnostic logs: The detector keeps a log of all
from a wide range of hydrocarbon fuels such as events, alarms etc. This information can be read
wood cellulose, alcohol to aviation fuel (JP4 and remotely using the FV Consys and CTI400 for
JP5). maintenance purposes.
 Simplifies alarm handling for remote control  Hand-held Walk-Test tool available to initiate alarm
situations. and window tests and reset the detector on
demand.
 Video output provides immediate visual
 Wired Walk-Test input available to initiate the alarm
identification of the alarm location (FV412f and
FV413f). test.
 Excellent false alarm immunity. Proven to be
immune to common radiation sources (continuous 1.3.4 Mechanical
or modulated) such as halogen lamps, lightning,   Rugged two part stainless steel 316L housing
X-rays, sparks, corona, welding, heaters, etc. sealed to IP66 for use in harsh environments.
 Unaffected by sunlight, completely solar blind.  The back box has two M20 gland entries for cables
with terminal blocks for direct field wire termination.
1.3.2 Electrical Interfaces  Optional mounting bracket in 316L stainless steel
The FV400 Series of detectors provide a range of inte- allows +/-45°horizontally, 0° to -45° vertically.
gral interface options to leverage it’s flexibility which are  Detector ATEX and IECEx certified (‘Flameproof’).
selectable by configuration as follows:
 Fire and Fault relays (NO or NC contacts)
 4-20 mA (Source or Sink)
 MX Loop
 Conventional Interface
 Video output compatible with twisted pair balanced
line (FV412f (PAL) and FV413f (NTSC))
 MODBUS (RS485) interface
 Configuration port (RS485)
 Remote Indicator for fire and fault events
 Remote Self-test and Reset switches

1.3.3 Functions
The FV400 detectors have the following functions:
 Window heater fitted on all variants to reduce
window misting.
 Flexible configuration: Primary options on DIP
switches such as alarm delay timings, fire/fault
latching, etc.
Fig. 1: FV400 Detector - General View
 Advanced options set using the FV Consys such as
field network parameters etc.
 Regular self-testing of critical electronic circuits.
 Optical Path Monitoring (OPM) that monitors the
detector window cleanliness and hence reduces the
frequency of maintenance visits.

6 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 2 Flame Detection and False Alarm Immunity

2 Flame Detection and False Alarm

Immunity
2.1 Flame Detection 2.1.1 Detection Range
Operation The FV400 detector’s range can detect on axis a fully
developed 0.1 m2 n-heptane or petrol (gasoline) pan fire
The FV400 Series of detectors are designed to provide at a range of:
fast, reliable detection of fires from burning hydrocar-  65 m- Extended range
bon fuels. The detectors analyse radiant energy at three
 25 m- Normal range
different wavelengths (See Fig. 2). They offer all the
advantages of triple IR flame detectors.  12 m- Half range

The detector uses a well proven, flame detection tech-  <6 m- Close range
nique. This is based on monitoring for modulated infra-
red radiation in the 4.5 μm waveband corresponding to
CO2 emissions.

Temperature Movement

Flame

Hot Blackbody

Cold Blackbody

3.8 μm 4.5 μm 4.8 μm Wavelength

Fig. 2: Radiation from Objects

2.2 False Alarm Immunity This prediction is independent of the temperature of the
radiation source, allowing the FV400 detector to provide
The FV400 detectors implement a well-proven concept blackbody rejection over a wide range of source temper-
for eliminating nuisance alarms from modulated black- atures.
body sources.
The design incorporates a novel optical filter which ena-
bles a single electronic infra-red sensor to measure the 2.2.1 Detection of flame in the
radiated energy present in two separate wavebands presence of Blackbody Radiation
placed on either side of the flame detection waveband, The alarm threshold varies according to the amount of
at 3.8 μm and 4.8 μm respectively (see Fig. 2). non-flame radiation received at the time (see Fig. 3).
The signal from this ‘guard’ channel is cross-correlated This mechanism minimises the possibility of a false
with the signal from the flame detection channel to pro- alarm due to the presence of modulated blackbody
vide an accurate prediction of the non-flame energy sources of different temperatures and intensity.
present in the flame detection waveband.

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 7

2.2 False Alarm Immunity FV400 Series Flame Detectors

Alarm Threshold

Flame Signals

Blackbody Signals

Cross-Correlated Energy

Fig. 3: Signal Processing

2.2.2 Immunity to Solar Radiation FV400 detectors look for the flame in a very narrow
Modulated radiation from direct or reflected sunlight, as waveband where most of the sun radiation is absorbed
by CO2 gases in the atmosphere.
well as modulated radiation from strong sources of arti-
ficial lighting can produce an unwanted response from The sun may heat optical components. However, to pre-
vent the secondary re-radiation effects; an additional
triple IR flame detectors. To counter this possibility, the
long wave IR filter is present on the flame detection
channel.

8 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 3 Application

3 Application
3.1 General and the horizontal plane may need to be >45° (see
Fig. 9).
The FV400 Series of detectors are intended for the pro-
 The detector should not be sited in a position where
tection of high-risk areas where combustion produces
it will be continuously subjected to water drenching.
carbon dioxide, such as:
 In outdoor installations, in areas of high solar
 Flammable liquids, including petroleum products,
radiation, some form of sunshade like the weather
alcohol and glycol, etc.
hood (See Fig. 13) is recommended to prevent
 Flammable gases, including methane
excess heating of the detector.
 Paper, wood and packing materials
 The detector should not be sited in a position in
 Coal which it will be subjected to severe icing.
 Plastics Where a certain amount of icing or water condensa-
These substances ignite readily and burn rapidly, pro- tion can occur, it is recommended that the window
ducing flame, often accompanied by large volumes of heater is enabled.
dense smoke.  The detector must be mounted on a stable structure
that is readily and safely accessible for maintenance
Detecting Fires from Non-carbon staff.
Materials  Preferably, the detector should be mounted such
The detectors are not designed to respond to that the face is tilted downwards to prevent water
flames emanating from fuels which do not collection and lessen the settlement of particle
contain carbon, for example, hydrogen, deposits on the window.
ammonia and metals.
Hence, they should not be used for such risks Detector Mounting
without satisfactory fire testing. Avoid mounting detectors:
 In enclosed locations where they will be
exposed to concentrated chemical vapours
The FV400 detectors, by virtue of their construction and or where the chemical vapour can con-
rejection of spurious radiation, are suitable for use dense on the detector as it may be
indoors and outdoors in a wide range of applications. severely damaged.
OR
3.1.1 Choice of Mounting Position  Where they are subjected to high levels of
The mounting position should be chosen so that the vibration.
field of view of the detector covers the area to be pro-
tected. The location must be suitable to mount a detec-
tor considering access for servicing and maintenance. 3.1.2 Use in Hazardous Atmospheres
The following principles appended to the original sys- The FV400 detectors are certified 'Flameproof' to the
tem requirements should be followed. ATEX and IECEx directives.
 The detector must be positioned such that a clear They are classified as suitable for Zone 1 and 2 areas
line of sight is provided to all parts of the risk area. over an ambient temperature range of -40°C to +80°C
 The detectors must be mounted onto a rigid and for temperature class T4/T135 gasses and dust or -40°C
stable surface to limit the risk of vibration. to +70°C for the FV412f/FV413f. For the FV411f -40°C
 The detector should not be installed where it may be to +75°C for temperature classification T5/T100°C
subjected to mechanical or thermal stresses or gases and dust.
where it may be attacked by existing or foreseeable
aggressive substances. CAUTION
 Roof trusses, pipework, supporting columns and Cable glands and stopping plugs must be
similar structures in front of the detector can cause certified to the required safety standards.
significant shadowing and should be avoided. Detectors must be earthed to the required
 If the area immediately below the detector needs to safety standards.
be supervised, then the angle between the detector

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 9

4 Functional Characteristics FV400 Series Flame Detectors

4 Functional Characteristics
The electrical, mechanical, environmental characteris- As standard, the FV400 detector is supplied with the fol-
tics and the performance of the FV400 Series of detec- lowing interfaces (See Fig. 4) to enable it to be con-
tors must be taken into account while designing a sys- nected to a wide range of monitoring equipment to lev-
tem which uses these detectors. The following section erage it’s flexibility.
provides this information together with guidance on the
detector siting.

Power 18-30 VDC

Ancillary Power

18-30 VDC

IR Walk-Test Tool
Fire Relay

Alarm
Test,
Reset,
Window
Test
} Wired Walk-Test Input
Fault Relay

4-20 mA Current Loop

Network Interface

MX Loop
To
Monitoring
Video (Balanced Pair)
Equipment

Configuration/Diagnostics Port *

Remote Indicator Option

Fig. 4: FV400 Detector - Interfaces
*It is recommended to provide connections for this port to enable remote configuration and diagnostics.

Interface Configuration
The interfaces are selected by configuration. Table 1
shows the combinations of interfaces that can be used
together:
Interface Mode 4-20 mA Current Loop Relay MODBUS MX Conventional
Loop
4 - 20 mA Current Loop     
and Relay (Default)
Conventional     
4-20 mA     
MX Loop     

Table 1: Interface Modes

The interface modes are as selected by DIP switches* or FV Consys.
*For information on DIP Switches Configuration, refer to the FV400 Series Fixing Instructions guide.

10 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 4.1 Electrical Characteristics

4.1 Electrical Characteristics Parameter Value

Information Main supply voltage 18 V - 30 V
The characteristics depend upon the interface
Quiescent current (Main supply) 8 mA at 24 V
mode and the type of options that have been
enabled. It is important that the detector is Alarm current (Main supply) 20 mA at 24 V
correctly powered for the options selected. Ancillary supply voltage 18 V - 30 V
Ancillary current- No camera or 15 mA at 24 V
video system idle, window
4.1.1 General
heater off
The following section lists the Electrical characteristics
of the FV400 Series of detectors. Ancillary current- Camera active, 85 ma at 24 V
window heater off (2 W Typical)
Power Supplies Ancillary current- No camera 245 mA at 24 V
The FV400 detectors contain two power supply inputs. with video system idle, window (5.9 W Typical)
heater active
 The main power supply that operates the detector
and the selected interface can be either a D.C power Ancillary current- Camera active, 320 mA at 24 V
supply (18 - 30 V), an MX Loop or a Conventional window heater active (7.9 W Typical)
Interface. Fault relay Normally closed or
With the main power supply alone, the window normally open
cleanliness is tested using a low power IR LED sys- selectable
tem. A built-in Self-test is performed on the electron-
ics and the pyro sensors. Alarm relay Normally closed or
normally open
 An ancillary power supply that operates the window
selectable
heater, alarm test lamp, RS485 interface and cam-
era/video options. Contact rating 2 A at 30 VDC
With an ancillary power supply connected, the built- Table 3: Relay contact outputs -Electrical Characteristics
in alarm test uses a lamp to test the pyro sensors
with IR radiation. These tests are infrequently con- 4.1.3 4-20 mA Current Loop
ducted and take negligible current for the ancillary
The FV400 detectors provide an industry standard 
power supply.
4-20 mA interface. The Header links may be fitted to
The main and ancillary supplies can be combined if the terminal PCB to minimise wiring for the selected
there is a single power supply that can power the entire mode.
detector. When the MX Loop or Conventional Interface
The interface can be used in either sink or source
is used, the ancillary power supply must be a separate
modes.
D.C supply.
The total power consumption of the detector from both
supplies must not exceed the maximum rating to com- Reference Document
ply with the ATEX/IEC Ex-limits. For further information on routing links, refer
Parameter Value to the wiring diagrams in the FV400 Series
Fixing Instructions guide.
FV411f - variant without camera
Maximum Power 7W
FV412f / FV413f - variants with camera The FV400 detector outputs the appropriate currents to
signal normal, fire or fault status. The detector supports
Maximum Power 10 W several sets of current bands, selected by configuration
Table 2: General Electrical Characteristics to provide a flexible interface.
Some states can report a separate window fault and
pre-alarm. A setting is available that is compatible with
4.1.2 Fire and Fault Relay Outputs the S241f+ detectors.
The FV400 detectors have two independent volt-free With the main power supply alone, the window cleanli-
relays to signal fire and fault conditions. These are also ness (OPM) is tested using a low power IR LED system.
available in the 4-20 mA operating mode. The alarm A built-in self-test is performed on the electronics and
relay coil is monitored for correct operation. the pyro sensors.

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 11

4.1 Electrical Characteristics FV400 Series Flame Detectors

A separate ancillary power supply must be connected if 4-20 mA Variable Mode

the window heater and the camera or alarm test lamp Parameter Value
are required.
Status Nominal Range
The 4-20 mA Current Loop can be used alone or com-
bined with the relay and MODBUS interfaces. General fault 0 mA 0.0 to 0.8 mA
Parameter Value Window dirty 2 mA 1 to 3 mA
Main supply voltage 18 V - 30 V Normal 4.5 mA 3.5 to 5.5 mA
Quiescent current (Main supply) 1.5 mA at 24 V Flame sensing 5.7 to 17 mA 5.7 to 17 mA
Alarm current (Main supply) 6 mA at 24 V Alarm 17 mA 17 to 20 mA
Maximum current monitor 150 R (Source/Sink) Table 7: 4-20 mA Variable Electrical Characteristics
resistor This mode is equivalent to S241+ variable mode current
bands.
Table 4: General Electrical Characteristics
The Alarm LED turns on when the current value is approxi-
See Table 3 for ancillary power supply currents.
mately 17 mA.

4-20 mA Normal Mode

4.1.4 MX Loop Interface
Parameter Value
The FV400 detectors connect to the MX range of
Status Nominal Range addressable fire control panels via the MX Loop inter-
General fault 1.5 mA 1.0 to 3.0 mA face. The FV400 detectors connect directly to the MX
Loop and the main power is provided from the loop.
Normal 4.5 mA 3.5 to 5.5 mA A separate ancillary power supply must be connected if
Alarm 17 mA 15 to 19 mA the window heater and the camera or alarm test lamp
are required.
Table 5: 4-20 mA Normal Mode-Electrical Characteristics
This mode is equivalent to S241f+ discrete mode bands. Parameter Value
Supply voltage MX Loop
4-20 mA Enhanced Bands Supply current Quiescent mode: 1.5 mA
The 4-20 mA interface supports 3 different sets of cur- Alarm Current: 5.5 mA
rent bands which are selected by configuration.
Table 8: MX Loop Interface Values
Parameter Value See Table 3 for ancillary power supply currents.
Status Nominal Range
The detector reports the following conditions to the
General fault 0 mA 0.0 to 0.8 mA
panel:
Window dirty 2 mA 1 to 3 mA  Normal
Normal 4.5 mA 3.5 to 5.5 mA  Fault

Pre-alarm 11.5 mA 10 to 13 mA  Window Fault

 Pre-Alarm
Alarm 17 mA 15 to 19 mA
 Alarm
Table 6: 4-20 mA Enhanced Bands-Electrical Characteristics The detectors must be configured with an address
using an MX programming tool. The range and delay
options can either be set locally in the detector or
remotely from the panel using MX Consys.
The FV400 detectors can be used as direct replace-
ments for the S271f+ detectors without re-configuring
the panel.
With the main (loop) power supply alone, the window
cleanliness (OPM) is tested using a low power IR LED
system. A built-in self-test is performed on the electron-
ics and the pyro sensors.

12 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 4.1 Electrical Characteristics

4.1.5 MODBUS Network Interface MODBUS Communication Parameters

The FV400 detectors connect to the MODBUS protocol Parameter Value
via an RS485 connection.
Baud Rate 9,600 or 19,200 selectable
Maximum number  32
MODBUS Network Interface of units
The MODBUS interface is available in the 
4-20 mA Current Loop modes (See Table 2 Protocol To MODBUS Application
for details on power requirements). The ancil- Protocol Specification V1.1
lary power is required to operate the RS485 Mode RTU
interface.
Table 9: MODBUS Communication parameters Electrical
Characteristics

MODBUS Line Termination

The MODBUS network should be terminated at each
end of the cable. The resistor value should be chosen to
match the impedance of the cable. This is typically
120 R for the twisted pair cables and 100 R for CAT5
cables.

Twisted MODBUS
120 Ω
Detector Detector 120 Ω
Pair Controller

Fig. 5: Line Termination

4.1.6 Conventional Interface The FV400 detectors support the fault transmission sys-
The FV400 detectors have a two wire conventional tem used on the S231f+ detectors. The zone EOL resis-
interface designed to operate on any typical conven- tor should be wired to the EOL terminal of the last
tional fire detection control equipment providing a regu- FV400 detector on the circuit.
lated 20 VDC current monitoring loop. If a fault needs to be reported by any of the detectors, it
The detectors can also be used on a PLC that provides will be signalled to the end detector and the EOL will be
an analogue input to monitor the current through the disconnected to report the fault to the panel. The FV400
detector. detectors can be used as substitutes or with a combina-
tion of S231f+ devices.
With the main (loop) power supply alone, the window
Compatibility cleanliness (OPM) is tested using a low power IR LED
The compatibility should be assessed using system. A built-in self-test is performed on the electron-
the information as provided in Table 10. It is ics and the pyro sensors.
recommended that the evaluation tests are
Parameter Value
carried out prior to siting and installation.
Supply Voltage 18 V - 30 V
Quiescent current 750 uA
The alarm condition is signalled by a large increase in
the detector’s current supply. Resetting from the alarm Alarm current 33 mA at 24 V
state is achieved by removing the supply voltage for a Table 10: Conventional Interface Values
minimum period of 2 sec.

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 13

4.1 Electrical Characteristics FV400 Series Flame Detectors

Due to the low operating current in conventional mode, Walk-Test

the camera, alarm test lamp, WT300, RS485 and Video Where FV400 detectors are installed in dust
interfaces are not supported. risk environments the wired Walk-Test input
The Window Heater may be used by providing a sepa- should be used, as the WT300 Test tool is not
rate ancillary supply. approved for such areas.
The window cleanliness (OPM) is tested using a low
power IR LED system. A built-in self-test is performed
on the electronics and the pyro sensors. 4.1.9 Remote LED
An external LED indicator can be connected to the
detector. The output follows the indications of the alarm
Test Tool
LED and provides pulsed indications for fault conditions
In the conventional mode, the detector needs and a steady-state indication if the detector is in alarm.
to be tested using T210+ test source.
The connections are as shown in Fig. 7.

4.1.7 Window Heater +3.3 V

The FV400 detectors have a heater to warm the sensing Remote Alarm
window and prevent misting. The heater is enabled on
LED Output
the DIP switches. When enabled, the heater will turn off
when the detector temperature rises above +40 ºC.

3 mA
Window Heater
The window heater is supplied from the ancil-
Detector
lary power input.

0V
Parameter Value
Fig. 7: Remote LED Wiring Diagram
Window Heater current 245 mA at 24 V  The maximum current available is 3 mA.
(Ancillary power supply) (5.5 W Typical) The voltage drop across the LED must be < 3 V.
Heater current:
5.5 W ÷ Supply Voltage External LED Output
Table 11: Window Heater Current The external LED output should be used for
visual indication only. It should not be used for
signalling alarms to other equipment.
4.1.8 Walk-Test Input
The Walk-Test Input provides a means to activate the
alarm test and window test (OPM) functions or to reset 4.1.10 Video Output
the detector. The required operation is selected by con-
The FV400 detectors provide a video output from the
necting the appropriate resistor value (See Fig. 6)
optional internal camera for connection to CCTV sys-
between the Walk-Test Input and 0 V using a momen-
tems. It is available in either PAL or NTSC format
tary switch. The switch should be opened once the
(FV412f and FV413f). The detector superimposes an
function has been activated. (See Walk-Test Input Wir-
overlay with status information on top of the picture to
ing diagram in the FV400 Series Fixing Instructions
notify alarms and faults.
guide).
The video output is a balanced signal suitable to drive
Walk-Test
twisted pair cable. The cable should be terminated in a
Input balun to provide the connection to the video system.
15 K 4K7 1K8
The video output operates from -30 °C to +70 °C and
Window Test Reset Alarm the video camera from -10 °C to +50 °C. The detector
Test controls the video output to prevent damage if the tem-
perature goes outside the range (see Table 13).

0V

Fig. 6: Walk -Test Input

14 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 4.2 Performance Characteristics

Video Output
Parameter Value
Output impedance 100 Ω into 100 Ω twisted pair
Receiving end Active balun NV - 652 W
(603.015.027)
Table 12: Video Output Electrical Characteristics
If the RS485 interface option is used, a 24 V supply is required
for the active balun and isolated from detector supply.
Balun earth should not be connected.

From (º C) To (º C) Text Overlay Video Camera Video Output

+70 +80 OFF OFF No video signal
+50 +70 ON OFF Overlay with blue background
-10 +50 ON ON Camera or blue background with overlay
-40 -30 OFF OFF No video signal
Table 13: Temperature Range Video Output Characteristics
The detector monitors the internal temperature to decide when to switch the video output mode. The temperatures in shown as
above are external temperatures and vary depending on the environmental conditions and if the window heater is enabled.

4.2 Performance Character- The detection range is also a function of pan area. Field
trials using n-heptane fires indicate that the detection
istics range increases by approximately 20% when the pan
4.2.1 General area is doubled.
A large number of fire tests have been carried during the
development phase of the FV400 variants of the detec- Gas Flames
tor to determine their response limits. The results of The FV400 detectors will not detect a hydrogen fire as
these tests are summarised below. it does not contain carbon. The FV400 detectors will
detect gas fires from inflammable gases containing car-
Fire-Test Data bon and hydrogen providing its flame produces flame
modulation in the 1 to 15 Hz range. Fires burning a pre-
The FV400 Series of detectors have been assessed to
mixed air/gas mixture may be difficult to detect as they
BS EN 54 Part 10 : 2002 and classified as a Class 1
may produce little modulation.
flame detector on the extended range and Half range
settings. The FV400 detectors are certified as Class 3 Tests show that an FV400 detector set to the extended
on the 12 m range setting. range will typically detect a 0.8 m high and 0.2 sqm area
methane/natural gas flame (venting from an 8 mm
diameter gas vent at 0.5Bar (7.5lbs/sq in) as below:
Other Liquid Hydrocarbons
Range 30 m 40 m 50 m
Typical ranges achieved with other fuels burning on
0.1m2 pans, relative to that for n-heptane, are as fol- Time to Respond 3 sec 6 sec 15 sec
lows: Table 15: Range vs Time to Respond
Hydrocarbons Ranges
Alcohol  100%: Test performed using Directional Sensitivity
(Ethanol, Meths) meths in a 0.25 m2 pan. The sensitivity of the FV400 detector is at a maximum
on the detector axis. The variation of range with angle of
Petrol 95%
incidence is shown in Figs. 8 and 9 for open air tests
Paraffin, 70%: Test performed using using 0.1 m2 pan fires with the detector operating at
Kerosene, JP4 paraffin. Normal range.
Diesel fuel 52%
Table 14: Liquid Hydrocarbons

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 15

4.3 Design of the System FV400 Series Flame Detectors

Detector Plan View A sun shade is available for use in tropical climates
o o
90 90
where intense sunlight may occur it also provides pro-
80
o
80
o tection from rain falling on the window.
0.20
False Alarm Source Distance (m)
o
70 o 70
0.40 Sunlight No response
o o
60 60 Sunlight with rain No response
0.60
100 W tungsten filament >3 m
50
o
0.80
50
o lamp
Fluorescent lamp (bank of >3 m
o o o o
1
o o o o o
4 x 32 W circular lamps)
40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40
125 W mercury vapour >3 m
Fig. 8: Pan Fires - Relative Range vs Angle of Incidence.  lamp
- Horizontal Plane
1 KW radiant electric fire >3 m
Fire Above element
o

o
o

o
o
90

80

60

50
70

Detector 2 KW fan heater >3 m

o
40

Halogen torch >3 m

Car headlights  >3 m
(60 W halogen)
o
30

Lighted cigarette >3 m

Grinding metal >3 m
o
20

Electric arc welding >3 m

(2.5 mm rod)
o
10

Photographic quartz lamp >3 m

(1000 W)
o
0.40

0.60
0.20

0.80

0
1

Photographic electronic >3 m

flash unit a
o
10

Table 16: False Alarm Immunity vs Distance

o

a – Minolta Maxim/ Program Flash 5400HS - operates in both

20

single and multi-flash modes.

o
30

4.3 Design of the System

4.3.1 General
o
40

Fire Below Using the information given in the preceding sections, it

70 o

o
o
o

is possible to design a flame detection system having a

60
90

80

Detector
50

predictable performance. Guidelines on the application

Fig. 9: Relative Range vs Angle of Incidence.- Vertical Plane of the above data and on siting of detectors are given in
Note: The field of view looking upwards is restricted to 38°due the following paragraphs.
to the window test reflector.

Determining the number of detectors

4.2.2 False Alarm Immunity It will be clear that the number of detectors required for
The FV400 detectors have been subjected to the follow- a particular risk will depend on the area to be monitored
ing stimuli which might be considered potential sources and the fire size at which detection is required.
of false alarms. Unless otherwise specified, tests were There are as yet no agreed ‘rules’ for the application of
performed at a minimum distance between source and flame detectors and the overall system sensitivity must,
detector of 3 m. The detectors were set to maximum therefore be agreed between the installer and the end
sensitivity (Extended range). Steady state sources were  user.
modulated at regular and random frequencies in the
Once decided, the system designer can determine the
range 0 - 10Hz.
area covered by each detector using a scaled plot based

16 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 4.4 General Construction

on Figs. 8 and 9 and the fire test data. This plot is best
drawn to the same scale as the site plan so that direct
superposition can be used to determine detector cover-
age.
In carrying out the design, certain factors should be kept
in mind:
 Mounting the detectors on the perimeter of the area
and pointing into the area will give the best coverage
for area rather than spot protection.
 As the FV400 detectors are line of sight detectors
any object within the detector’s field of view will
cause a ‘shadow’ in the protected area. Even small
objects close to the detector can cause large shad-
1
ows.
 The detectors are passive devices and will not react
with one another. They may therefore be positioned
with their fields of view overlapping.
 If the FV400 detectors are installed in dust risk envi-
Fig. 10: FV400 Detector - General View
ronments then the Walk-Test wired input should be 1 – Tagging Loop Connection Point
used. The WT300 is not approved for dust risk envi-
ronments. A lanyard enables the two halves of the enclosure to
 The RS485 Configuration port from the FV400 detec- remain attached when opening the detector during
tor is wired back to a central point to support remote maintenance work.
configuration and diagnostics.
 The configuration port can be wired as a bus con-
necting up to 16 detectors.
 The configuration port requires an RS485 to PC inter-
face (RS232 or USB) that can communicate at up to
38,400 baud with direction controlled by the RTS 1
line.
2

4.4 General Construction 3

The detector is of robust construction to allow its use in
harsh environments.
The detector comprises a two-part stainless steel
‘spigot-type’ enclosure. Both halves of the enclosure
are guided together by an alignment pin. The front sec-
tion of the enclosure contains the detector optical and
electronic sub-assemblies. Connectors on the rear of
the front section mate with headers in the rear section
to provide electrical connection to the field wiring.
The rear section of the detector is provided with two
M20 gland entry holes at the bottom of the detector.
Two 13-way terminal blocks are provided for termina-
tion of the field wiring.
Fig. 11: FV400 Detector - Earthing Point
The rear section has a dedicated earthing point on the 1 – Screw
side of the casting (Fig. 11) to connect an earth bonding 2 – Split Washer
wire from the nearest safety earthing point to the enclo- 3 – Square Washer
sure. Also, a tagging loop (see item 1 in Fig. 10) is pro-
vided on the side of the rear enclosure to attach a suita- The front section of the enclosure is attached to the rear
ble label to identify the detector on site. section by four captive bolts. An O-ring seal provided
between the front and rear sections ensure protection
to IP66.
The front section of the enclosure is fitted with a win-
dow guard plate to protect the two detector windows.

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 17

4.4 General Construction FV400 Series Flame Detectors

A locally formed section of this plate acts as a mirror for Ionisation Radiation
the Optical Path Monitoring test. This plate also con- The FV400 detector, like other triple IR detectors, is
tains the mandatory markings required by the Flame- insensitive to X-rays and gamma radiation as used in
proof and Explosion Proof Regulatory standards (ATEX non-destructive testing.
and IECEx ). The detector will operate normally and will not false
The detector may be fitted directly to a suitable surface alarm when exposed to this type of radiation. However,
or to an adjustable mounting bracket. long-term exposure to high radiation levels may lead to
permanent damage.

Corrosion
The use of a sealed stainless steel 316L enclosure
allows the FV400 detector to withstand the effects of
most corrosive substances and gas. In particular, it
meets the requirements for sulphur dioxide (SO2) con-
ditioning in EN 54-10 and exposure to salt mist concen-
tration as specified in LRS, DNV and GL test specifica-
tions for approval of equipment for marine use.

Discolouration of outer surfaces

Over time, the outer surfaces of the detector may dis-
colour and give an appearance of being ‘rusty’.
This discolouration is caused by the oxidation of con-
taminants collected on the surface of the enclosure,
especially areas with a textured finish.
It only affects the surface of the material and does not
reduce the thickness or affect the mechanical proper-
Fig. 12: FV400 Detector - Top Section
ties of the enclosure in any way.
An optional weather hood is available for use where pro-
tection against extreme environmental conditions such 4.4.1 Mechanical Characteristics
as hot sun or heavy downpour is needed (Fig. 13). The mechanical characteristics of the FV400 variants of
the detector are:

Dimensions
Parameter Value
Height 138.8 mm
Width 152.8 mm
Depth 91.7 mm
Weight 3.96 kg
Gland Entries Standard M20 gland
tapped holes (two)
Mounting bracket weight 1.54 kg
Table 17: Dimensions
Fig. 13: FV400 Detector With Weather Hood Fitted

18 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 4.5 Environmental Characteristics

Materials 4.5.2 Vibration and Shock

Parameter Value The FV400 detectors have been designed and tested for
vibration and shock and comply with the following
Enclosure Stainless steel 316L, ANC4BF-
requirements:
CLC to BS 3146: Part 2
 EN 54-10, European standard for point flame detec-
Detection window Sapphire tors.
Camera window Toughened glass  Lloyd’s Register of Shipping (LRS) Test Specification
Number 1 (2002).
Guard/label plate Stainless steel 316S16 to BS
1449: Part 2  Germanisher Lloyd, Test Requirements for Electrical
/ Electronic Equipment and Systems 2012
Mounting bracket Stainless steel 316S16 to BS
 Electrical, Electronic Equipment, Computers and
1449: Part 2
Peripherals (April 2001).
Screws etc. Stainless steel 316 A4
exposed
4.5.3 Electromagnetic Compatibility
to the elements
The FV400 Series of detectors comply with the follow-
Electronic modules Fibreglass substrate ing requirements:
Table 18: Materials  European Union EMC Directive 2004/108/EC.
 EN 50130-4, the European product family standard

IP Rating for components of fire and security systems.

 EN61000-6-3: Radiated emissions
Parameter Value
 VdS 2504 1996-12 (01)
Enclosure protection IP66  LRS Test Specification Number 1 (2002)
Table 19: IP Rating Values  DNV Certification Notes No 2.4 (April 2001), Class A
Cable gland entries must be suitably sealed to achieve the  Germanisher Lloyd, Test Requirements for Electrical
required IP rating / Electronic Equipment and Systems 2012

4.5 Environmental  4.6 Approvals, Compliance

Characteristics with Standards
The design and construction of the FV400 variants of 4.6.1 FlameProof Certification
the detector are such that they may be used over a wide
range of environmental conditions. The flameproof variants of the FV400 Series of detec-
tors are certified to the ATEX and IECEx directives.
The detectors are designed to comply with
4.5.1 Temperature and Humidity BS EN60079-0: 2009, IEC 60079-0: 2011, 
Parameter Value BS EN60079-1:2007, IEC 60079-1:2007, 
BS EN61241-0:2006, BS EN61241-1:2004, 
FV411f - variant without camera IEC61241-0: 2004, IEC61241-1: 2004
Operating temperature range -40°C to +80°C They are certified:
Storage temperature range -40°C to +80°C  ATEX code: II 2 G D
 Certificate: ITS12ATEX17586X
FV412f / FV413f - variants with camera
 IECEx/Cenelec code for FV411f:
Operating temperature range -10°C to +50°C – Ex d IIC T4 Gb Ta -40°C to +80°C
Storage temperature range -20°C to +70°C – Ex d IIC T5 Gb Ta -40°C to +75°C
All variants – Ex tb IIIC T135°C Db Ta -40°C to +80°C
Relative Humidity Up to 99%  – Ex tb IIIC T100°C Db Ta -40°C to +75°C
(non-condensing)  IECEx/Cenelec code for FV412f / FV413f:
– Ex d IIC T4 Gb Ta -40°C to +80°C
Table 20: Temperature and Humidity
– Ex d IIC T5 Gb Ta -40°C to +70°C
The detector will turn the camera off whilst the temper- – Ex tb IIIC T135°C Db Ta -40°C to +80°C
ature falls outside this range; however, the fire detec- – Ex tb IIIC T100°C Db Ta -40°C to +70°C
tion capability is still present when the video is switched  Certificate:IECExITS12.0035X
off.

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 19

4.6 Approvals, Compliance with Standards FV400 Series Flame Detectors

These detectors are designed and manufactured to pro- CPD Information

tect against other hazards as defined in paragraph 1.2.7
of Annex I1 of the ATEX directive 94/9/EC.

0786
4.6.2 EN54 Approval Thorn Security Ltd
The FV400 variants of the detector have been approved Dunhams Lane
Letchworth SG6 1BE
to BS EN 54 Part 10:2002 + A1:2005. UK
13
The FV400 Series of detectors is classified as Class 1 on
0786-CPD-21221
the Extended and Normal range settings. The FV400
detector is certified as Class 3 on the Half range setting. EN 54-10: 2002 + A1: 2005
(The close range setting cannot be classified within
FV411f
EN54.) Class 1 IR point flame detector for use in fire detection and alarm systems

FV412f
Class 1 IR point flame detector for use in fire detection and alarm systems
4.6.3 Construction Product Directive FV413f
Class 1 IR point flame detector for use in fire detection and alarm systems
The FV400 Series of detectors comply with and are
manufactured to the requirements of the Construction
FV400 Fixing Instructions: 120.515.124_FV-D-400-F
Products Directive. The detectors carry the CE and CPD
marks.

4.6.4 Marking
All the markings required by the various approval bodies
are on the front plate with the exception of:
 The Year of Manufacture/Construction which is
stated on a label affixed to the rear of the front case
assembly.
 The ‘WEEE’ mark, EN54-10 approval and CPD
approval which are on a label affixed internally.

20 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 5 Operation

5 Operation
5.1 Flame Detection will flash briefly. If a fault is detected, the fault LED
flashes in periodic intervals (see Fig. 15).
Operation Additionally, the remote indicator (if fitted) flashes
The FV400 Series of detectors has a range of integral briefly on power up and shows the same fault indication
interface options and various indicators to report alarms as appears on the fault LED.
and faults.
Their functionality including the operation of the auto-
Conventional Interface
mated OPM and alarm test features are as described
below. In the Conventional Interface mode, the LEDs
do not flash during power up to minimise
power consumption.

5.2 Indicators
The FV400 detectors have a red LED for reporting 5.2.2 Alarm and Pre-Alarm Indication
alarms and a fault LED for reporting faults. Both LEDs The alarm (red) LED illuminates when the detector is in
are located in the camera window as shown in Fig. 14. alarm. It remains in the illuminated state until the reason
The alarm LED turns on to report an alarm. The fault for the alarm has cleared (non-latching mode) when it
LED flashes to report hardware faults or an OPM ‘dirty will turn off. In latching mode, the detector will need to
window’ fault. be reset to clear the alarm.
1 The alarm (red) LED remains off when the detector
enters the pre-alarm state.

5.2.3 Alarm Signalling

The FV400 detector has a number of external inter-
faces. An alarm condition is signalled on all of these
interfaces as follows:
4
Indicator Description
5 Conventional Interface Increase in current drawn
6 from supply,
4-20 mA Current Loop Current drawn on the loop
will be 17.0 mA.

2 3 Relay Interface Alarm relay will close.

MX Loop Returned values will be 190
Fig. 14: LED Location bits.
1 – Window Test Lamp Under Reflector
2 – Sapphire Window MODBUS A status register is available
3 – Reinforced Glass Window so that a MODBUS
4 – Walk-Test Tool IR Receiver controller can request the
5 – Alarm LED (Red) alarm and fault status from
6 – Fault LED (Yellow) the detector. The detector
also supports commands to
Fault LED Indicators perform OPM and alarm
The fault LED flashes in different patterns to indicate tests, reset latched alarms
the detector statuses as follows: and faults.
Table 21: Alarm Signal Indicators

5.2.1 Power Up and Initialization

Each interface will remain activated until the reason for
On power up, the detector performs a complete self- the alarm has cleared (non-latching mode) when it will
test during which the alarm (red) and fault (yellow) LEDs turn off. In latching mode the detector will need to be
reset, see below.

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 21

5.2 Indicators FV400 Series Flame Detectors

5.2.4 Pre-Alarm Signalling The pre-alarm condition will escalate into a full alarm if
The detector enters a pre-alarm state when it detects a the source is determined to be a fire or it will clear if the
source within the field of view that has not yet reached source is removed.
the alarm threshold. The source may be worthy of
investigation.
5.2.5 Fault and OPM Indication
A pre-alarm condition is signalled on some interfaces as
The fault (yellow) LED will flash, when a hardware fault
follows:
has been detected. It will continue flashing until the rea-
Indicator Description son for the fault has cleared (non-latching mode). In the
Alarm Relay No change, the alarm relay latching mode, the detector will need to be reset.
will remain open. If the regular OPM test determines that the window is
dirty, then the fault (yellow) LED will flash. If the win-
4-20 mA Current Loop The current (source or sink)
dow is found to be completely obscured, it is classified
becomes 11.5 mA.
as a hardware fault and the fault LED will flash using the
MX Loop Returned value of 153 bits. fault pattern. The diagrammatic representation of the
fault LED pulsing patterns are as shown in Fig. 15.
MODBUS The pre-alarm bit is set in
the status register and is
available at the next read of
the unit.
Video No change.
Table 22: Pre-Alarm Signal Indicators

2 sec 2 sec 2 sec 2 sec 2 sec 2 sec 2 sec 2 sec

¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤
System Fault

5 sec 5 sec 5 sec

¤ ¤ ¤ ¤
Hardware Fault

5 sec 5 sec 5 sec

¤¤ ¤ ¤¤ ¤
Window Cleanliness Fault

5 sec 5 sec 5 sec

¤¤ ¤¤ ¤¤ ¤¤
Configuration Fault/Service Mode

Fig. 15: Fault LED Pulsing Patterns

5.2.6 Configuration Fault Indication 5.2.7 Service Mode Indication

A configuration fault will be reported if: When the RS485 port is connected to a PC, the detector
 An error is detected in the configuration downloaded can be placed in Service Mode for configuration or diag-
from the FV Consys. nostics. When it is in this mode, the alarm (red) LED and
 The window heater is enabled and the ancillary sup-
the fault (yellow) LED will flash together once every 5
ply is disabled. sec.

22 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 5.2 Indicators

Service Mode 5.2.9 Alarm Confirmation (Delay to

In Service Mode the detector is disabled and Alarm)
will not detect a fire. The FV400 detector continuously processes the sensor
signal to identify a potential alarm event. If an event is
detected, the FV400 confirms it as an alarm by checking
5.2.8 Fault and OPM Signalling that the event is still present over a longer period.
The FV400 provides three confirmation windows which
The FV400 detector has a number of external inter-
are configurable via the DIP switches. In each confirma-
faces. A fault condition is signalled on these interfaces
tion window, the alarm condition is checked every sec-
as follows:
ond and if the event is present for the required duration,
Indicator Description an alarm is reported on all the active interfaces. This
Alarm Relay The fault relay will open. introduces a delay to alarm reporting.
(Hardware, window and The available windows are:
OPM faults)  3 sec in a 5 sec window
4-20 mA Current Loop The current (source or sink)  6 sec in an 8 sec window
become 0 mA for hardware  12 sec in a 14 sec window.
and window faults or 2 mA For example, an alarm is reported in the first window
for OPM faults. where an event occurs for 3 sec within any 5 sec win-
MX Loop The returned value dow. The minimum response time to a fire is 3 sec.
becomes <= 10 for hard-
ware faults and <=51 >=11 Note
for window dirty (OPM)
In the continuous 4-20 mA variable mode,
faults.
there is no alarm confirmation, as the output
MODBUS The appropriate fault bit will is directly generated from the pyro sensor
be set in the status register outputs. Appropriate alarm confirmation
and is available at the next should be provided in the host system.
read of the unit. Hardware
faults, window obscured
and window dirty are  Reference Document
identified separately. For additional information on DIP Switches
Video A fault banner will be super- and Delay Settings, refer to the FV400 Series
imposed on the CCTV Fixing Instructions guide.
image with an information
field to specify the fault
type. The selected confirmation window also defines the
alarm clearing time in non-latching mode. An alarm is
Table 23: Fault and OPM Signal Indicators
cleared after a number of reports which show that no
alarm is present. The default setting requires that 10
Modes reports (10 sec) are required. Thus, a detector remains
Each output will remain activated until the in alarm for at least 10 sec.
reason for the fault has cleared (non-latching
mode) when it will return to normal status. In
latching mode the detector will also need to
be reset.

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 23

5.2 Indicators FV400 Series Flame Detectors

5.2.10 Resetting Alarm and Fault Condi- manual OPM test can be initiated at any time when the
tions detector is in automatic OPM mode and will produce an
In the latching mode, alarms and faults, will continue to immediate test result reported on the indicators and
be indicated and signalled, even if the event that caused outputs as described above.
the alarm generation has been cleared. The detector If the automatic OPM test detects the dirty condition 
can be reset by activating the wired input, using the (5-50%) for 20 successive tests then an OPM fault is
MODBUS network or remotely using the Walk-Test trig- reported. If the window is considered to be obscured
ger tool. (<5%) then the OPM test interval reduces to 5 minutes
During the reset, the indicators and outputs will be and if the window remains obscured for 5 further tests
turned off but if the alarm or fault is still present the con- then an OPM fault is reported. The obscured condition
dition will be re-established. The detector will perform is thus detected and reported much faster. Either fault
re-tests if necessary, such as an OPM test, to deter- will be cleared when the window is cleaned and the test
mine if faults have cleared. re-run to give a clean result. The test can be activated
manually after cleaning rather than waiting for the next
The detector may be reset by reducing the supply and
timed automatic test.
voltage to less than 2 V for greater than 2 sec.

Alarm Test (Walk-Test)

Self-Monitoring
WARNING
The FV400 detector continuously monitors the hard-
The Detector outputs will be
ware for correct functionality. If any unexpected condi-
activated during a Walk-Test.
tions are detected, then a fault will be reported and
Disconnect all extinguishing systems
logged.
or external devices that should not be
activated during a test.
Window Cleanliness Test/Optical Path
Monitoring (OPM)
The FV400 detector can check the cleanliness of the The FV400 detector has a built in alarm test facility. A
window used by the pyro sensors. The detector briefly lamp is flashed in a pattern to simulate a flame. The IR
flashes an IR LED which shines onto a mirror that output from the lamps reflects off the mirror and onto
reflects the energy back through the window onto an IR the pyro sensors.
receiver. The detector analyses the reflected signal to The lamp signal is then processed and compared with
assess if the window is dirty. the signal levels from an external source that produces
The OPM test can be initiated manually using the Walk- an alarm.
Test trigger tool, the Walk-Test wired input or from the The alarm self-test may also be initiated from the wired
field network interface. When the OPM test is activated Walk-Test input, the remote IR Walk-Test tool unit or
manually, a single test is performed and the result the field network interface.
reported on the indicators and outputs. If the window is This result is then reported as an alarm on the LED and
considered to be dirty or obscured then an OPM fault is signalled on all the external interfaces. Thus, the ability
reported. The fault will be cleared when the window is of the detector to detect a fire is tested.
cleaned and the test re-run to give a clean result.
Requests for a manual OPM test will be ignored if the
detector is in alarm, pre-alarm or performing an alarm Video Display
test. The FV400 detector can overlay alarm and fault informa-
Alternatively, the detector can be configured to perform tion onto the camera picture (CCTV output). The overlay
the OPM test automatically at regular intervals by set- is normally enabled but can be disabled by configuration
ting a DIP switch (OPM Man/Auto). The default is auto- (if no camera is fitted then the video interface is not fit-
matic OPM testing. The time interval can be adjusted ted either).
using the PC configuration tool. The default OPM test If an alarm is detected, an alarm message is superim-
interval is every 20 minutes. The first OPM test will be posed over the camera image.
made 20 minutes (or the configured time) after power- Faults are individually identified on the display as shown
up. The regular OPM test will be delayed if the detector in Fig. 21.
is in alarm, pre-alarm or performing an alarm test. A

24 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 6 Maintenance

6 Maintenance
6.1 General Detector Cleaning
The detectors have a window cleanliness test facility.
The FV400 Series of detectors contain no replaceable or
The window test can either operate automatically at
adjustable components within the housing, which
regular intervals or it can be activated at any time man-
should not be opened once installed and commis-
ually by using the Walk-Test Tool, the Walk-Test Input or
sioned.
by initiating a network command.
Routine maintenance is, therefore, limited to cleaning
The detector reports a window fault if the test deter-
and testing the detectors.
mines that the windows are dirty. After cleaning, reset
the detector to re-run the test and the fault will clear. If
6.1.1 Routine Inspection the window is blocked, a fault will be indicated which
At regular intervals of not more than 3 months, detec- can be cleared by cleaning the window and resetting
tors should be visually inspected to confirm that no the detector to re-run the test.
physical damage has occurred and that the alignment of
the detectors has not been disturbed. The detector win- 6.1.2 Fault Finding
dows should be checked to confirm that they are not
If the detector reports a fault, then the indicators along
blocked and that no physical obstructions have been
with the 4-20 mA, video or network interfaces can be
placed between the detector and the protected area.
used to diagnose the cause. For further details, refer to
Check that switch settings are correct.
sections 5 “Operation” and “Appendix-B” for informa-
Any excessive deposits of dirt, oil etc. should be tion on video overlay messages.
removed from the detector housing.
The most likely fault is a dirty or blocked window. To
In addition, at intervals of not more than 1 year, each clear the fault, clean the window and manually activate
detector should be checked for correct operation. the window test using the Walk-Test Input or the Walk-
Test Tool. When the window test has finished the fault
Inspection Frequency should be cleared.
The inspection frequency specified above The configuration faults can be rectified on- site by cor-
should be considered as a minimum require- recting the DIP switch settings on the detector or updat-
ment to be applied in the average environ- ing the downloaded configuration.
ment. The inspection frequency should be However, system and hardware faults cannot be recti-
increased for dirtier environments or those fied on site, so the detector needs to be replaced.
which present a higher risk of physical dam-
age.
6.1.3 Walk-Test and Window Test
(OPM)
For flameproof detectors, the following periodic checks Refer to “Window Cleanliness Test/Optical Path Moni-
must be made: toring (OPM)” and “Alarm Test (Walk-Test)” on
 The O-ring on the body of the detector should be
page 24) for information on performing the respective
inspected for damage, wear and tear, corrosion and tests.
replaced if necessary to ensure that the detector is
properly sealed. 6.1.4 WT300 Walk-Test Tool
 As required by EN60079-17 Electrical installations,
The WT300 Walk-Test is a portable, hand-held and bat-
inspection and maintenance: In dust environments tery powered tool that can be used in hazardous areas
the O-ring must be inspected every 3 years and to activate the alarm test, window test and reset the
replaced if worn. The O-ring should be replaced on FV400 detectors. The WT300 is a remote control; it is
or before the third inspection. not a test torch.
 Spigot joints should be separated and the faces
It uses IR signals to communicate with the detector to
examined for possible defects resulting from corro- activate commands and has a range of 6 m. This means
sion, erosion or other causes. that the Walk-Test Tool can activate tests on the FV400
 Check that all stopping plugs and bolts are in position detectors from the ground without needing poles or any
and tight. other means to reach the detector.
 No attempt should be made to replace or repair win-
dows except by complete assembly replacement.

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 25

6.2 Ordering Information FV400 Series Flame Detectors

6.2 Ordering Information

Components Ordering 
Numbers
FV411f - without camera 516.300.411
FV412f - with PAL camera 516.300.412
FV413f - with NTSC camera 516.300.413
FLAMEVision MB300 Mounting 517.300.001
Bracket
FLAMEVision WH300 Weather 517.300.002
Hood
FLAMEVision MK300 Field 517.300.006
Spares Kit
FLAMEVisionWT300 Walk-Test 517.300.021
Controller
FLAMEVision CTI400  517.300.024
Configuration Tool Kit
NV – 652W Active video balun 603.015.027
ADAM4520 RS485/RS422 to 557.180.151
RS232 Converter
Table 24: Ordering Information

26 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 7 Appendix-A

7 Appendix-A
7.1 MODBUS Interface 7.1.3 Electrical Interface
7.1.1 Introduction The FV400 detector’s MODBUS interface operates on a
2-Wire serial bus in accordance with EIA/TIA-485 stand-
The FV400 Series of detectors can connect to a MOD- ard.
BUS network as a slave device conforming to V1.1 pro-
tocol specification. The detector provides a bank of 16
bit registers to provide comprehensive information on Installation
the status of the detector. The MODBUS serial bus must be fitted with
A status register is available so that a MODBUS control- a set of termination resistors at one point
ler can request the alarm and fault status from the only. See section 4.1.5 “MODBUS Network
detector. Full location information is available for an Interface” for additional details. While install-
alarm. The detector also supports commands to per- ing on an existing bus check that the correct
form OPM and alarm tests, reset latched alarms and resistors have been fitted.
faults and to control masking.

7.1.4 MODBUS Serial Line Parameters

7.1.2 References
The FV400 detectors meet the Basic Implementation
MODBUS Application Protocol Specification V1.1can be
Class for a Slave device. These options are summarised
downloaded from www.MODBUS.org.
in Table 25.
MODBUS over serial line specification and implementa-
tion guide V1.0 can be downloaded from www.MOD-
BUS.org.
Parameters Basic Default Value FV400 Configurations
Node Addressing Configurable Address from 1 to 1 to 247
247
Register Address Offset 0 to 0xFFFF
Broadcast Accept broadcast, Yes
(target address 0) (non-configurable)
Baud Rate 9600 (19200 recommended) 19200 19200, 9600
Parity EVEN EVEN EVEN, ODD, NONE
Mode RTU RTU RTU Only
Electrical Interface RS-485 2W-cabling RS-485 2W-cabling
Connector Type Screw Terminal
Table 25: MODBUS Serial Line Parameters

The MODBUS parameters are configured on the Net- Code Function

work tab of the FV Consys configuration tool.
03 Read Holding Registers
When MODBUS is enabled or disabled or if the network
parameters are changed, then the detector should be 04 Read Input Registers
powered down and up or restarted from the configura- 06 Write Single Registers
tion tool to activate the new settings.
16 Write Multiple Registers
The MODBUS protocol starts running 30 sec after pow-
ering up the detector. Table 26: Supported MODBUS Function Codes

7.1.5 Supported MODBUS Function 7.1.6 Registers

Codes The FV400 detector has one block of 16 bit registers
The FV400 detectors support the following MODBUS used for MODBUS access organised as follows:
Function Codes:

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 27

7.1 MODBUS Interface FV400 Series Flame Detectors

Offset Register Data Read/Write (R/W)

00 Commands See 7.1.6 R/W
01 Reserved
02 Reserved
03 Reserved
04 Reserved
05 Reserved
06 Reserved
07 Reserved
08 Overall Status See 7.1.7 R
09 4-20 mA Current Loop 4-20mA level x 1000 R
for example, Alarm=17mA,Value=17000
Table 27: FV400 Detector Registers

The base address for the register block is set in the PC 7.1.7 Detector Command Register
configuration tool. The default is 00. The command register allows the PLC to activate func-
tions within the detector.

MSB LSB
Request Bit
Command

Command Code (4 bits)

Fig. 16: FV400 Detectors - Command Register

Command Codes: 7.1.8 Detector Overall Status Register

 Initiate alarm test The FV400 detector’s status register is a collection of
 Initiate manual OPM test flags that report the current state of the detector.
 Reset latched alarm or faults

MSB LSB
Alarm Test

Command
OPM Test

Watchdog
Heartbeat
Obscured
Hardware
Reserved

Reserved

Reserved
Reserved
Reserved

Reserved

Reserved
Pre-alarm

Window

Window

Active

Active
Alarm

Done
Fault

Dirty

Fig. 17: FV400 Detectors - Overall Status Register

The Watchdog Heartbeat toggles from 0 to 1 or from 1

to 0 every 16 sec.

28 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 7.1 MODBUS Interface

7.1.9 Command Transfer from PLC to  When completed, the FV400 detector sets the
FV400 Detector Command Done in the Overall Status register.
 The PLC will examine the Command Done bit in the  The PLC will detect that the Command Done bit has
FV400 detector’s overall status register and wait been set showing that the command has been
until it is cleared by the FV400 detector. completed.
 The PLC will set the Command Code in the  The PLC will clear the Command Request bit in the
Command Register. Command Register.
 The PLC will set the Command Request bit in the  The FV400 detector detects the change in
Command Register. Command Request bit and clears the Command
 The FV400 detector detects the change in Done bit.
Command Request bit and will action the command
code.

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 29

8 Appendix-B FV400 Series Flame Detectors

8 Appendix-B
8.1 Video Text Overlay used to identify the detector and its location. This infor-
mation is programmed using the FV Consys configura-
8.1.1 Video Text Overlay tion tool. The identity and location will be displayed on
The FV400 Series of detectors can be supplied with a the overlay if an event occurs but can be permanently
built in colour video camera which looks out over the shown if required.
same field of view as seen by the flame sensors. The In addition to the upper (ABC…) and lower (abc…) case
camera provides a balanced output video signal on alphabet and numbers (0123…), the following charac-
twisted pair connections suitable to feed into a CCTV ters may be used in the identity and location string:
system. (An active balun may be required to connect to
some systems.)
! ” # % & ’ ( ) * + , - . / : ; < = > ? [ ] _ | ~with '{' displayed
The detector superimposes a text overlay (12 lines of 24
as '((' and '}' as '))'
characters) onto the live video output to provide identity
and status information. The content of the overlay Characters that cannot be displayed on the overlay will
changes depending on the state of the detector and is be shown as a “?”.
described below.
The following describes the overlay configured in stand- 8.1.2 Quiescent State
ard mode. The fields are shown enclosed in ‘< >’. In the quiescent, normal, operation, the text overlay dis-
plays the basic identity, location and status information.
Identity and Location Information The default layout of the overlay is shown in Fig. 18.
Each detector can be configured with a user defined
text string up to 24 characters long. This is normally
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
1 F l a m e V i s I o n Log Counter
2 Location and Identity Field
3 D
4 R
5 O
6 W
7
8
9
10
11
12

Fig. 18: Quiescent State Overlay

The top of the overlay gives the basic identity and loca- edge. The displayed fields can be turned on or off using
tion information, with option flags down the left-hand the PC configuration tool.

Overlay Field Contents Description

Name FLAMEVision Name of detector range, permanently displayed.
Location & Identity User data A user defined location and identity message up to 24
characters. Set by the configuration tool.
Table 28: Fault and OPM Signal Indicators

The top left-hand corner of the overlay gives the status

information about configurable options and the delay
settings as follows:

30 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 8.1 Video Text Overlay

Overlay Field Contents Description

D S / M / L Detector delay setting represented as:
S - Short / M - Medium / L - Long
R C / H / N / E This field shows the selected Detector range setting:
C - Close / H - Half / N - Normal / E - Extended
O M / A Shows the mode of the OPM test:
M - Manual / A - Automatic
W - / W Shows the window heater status: - OFF / W - ON
Table 29: Fault and OPM Signal Indicators

8.1.3 Alarm State The log counter will be displayed to show where the
If the detector enters the alarm state, then the overlay event is recorded in the detectors internal log.
will change to report the event with a flashing
"!!ALARM!!" message in the centre of the overlay.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
1 F l a m e V i s i o n Log Counter
2 Location and Identity Field
3 D
4 R
5 O
6 W
7
8
9 ! ! A L A R M ! !
10
11
12

Fig. 19: Alarm State Overlay

8.1.4 Window (OPM) Test and Alarm The OPM MODE (O) field shows the current OPM oper-
Test ating mode, automatic or manual.
The OPM test and alarm test (AT) have their own sec-
tions of the text overlay to report status.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
1 F l a m e V i s i o N Log Counter
2 Location and Identity Field
3 D Serial Number Field
4 R OPM Condition Field
5 O
6 W
7
8
9
10
11 OPM/AT Progress Field
12
Fig. 20: OPM and Alarm Test Overlay

The top of the text overlay gives the basic identity and displayed when an event occurs to show where it is
location information which is displayed as described for held it is recorded in the internal log.
the quiescent state above. The log counter will be

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 31

8.1 Video Text Overlay FV400 Series Flame Detectors

The OPM/AT operation field displays alternating mes- test is due; this is triggered by a timer set by configura-
sages to show progress and how the test was initiated. tion. The following messages are displayed:
This field can also give a prompt when a regular alarm

Message Field Description

MANUAL OPM TEST / IN PROGRESS An OPM test is in progress; initiated manually using the Walk-
Test Tool, wired input or network.
AUTO OPM TEST / IN PROGRESS An OPM test is in progress; initiated automatically at the con-
figured regular time interval.
ALARM TEST / IN PROGRESS An alarm test is in progress; initiated manually using the Walk-
Test Tool, wired input or network.
WALK TEST DUE A reminder that the regular alarm test should be performed.
This is a configurable option.
Table 30: OPM Messages

If the OPM test determines that the window is clean However, if the OPM test fails then the Serial Number
then the overlay returns to the quiescent condition. and a message describing the problem are displayed on
two lines of the overlay.

OPM Condition Messages Description and How to fix it

DIRTY The sensing window is dirty and must be cleaned soon.
BLOCKED The sensing window is completely blocked and must be
cleaned immediately.
Table 31: OPM Condition Messages

8.1.5 Hardware Fault State indicated on the fault LED and signalled on the outputs
If a hardware fault is found in the detector then it will be as described in Sections 5.2.5 “Fault and OPM Indica-
reported by a message displayed in the middle section tion” and 5.2.7 “Service Mode Indication”.
of the text overlay. This is in addition to the fault being
y p
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
1 F l a m e V i s i o n Log Counter
2 Location and Identity Field
3 D Serial Number Field
4 R Fault Field #1
5 O Fault Field #2
6 W OPM Condition Field
7
8
9
10
11
12
Fig. 21: Hardware Fault Overlay

The top of the fault state overlay gives the basic identity The next line displays the device serial number. This is
and location information which is displayed as described the serial number as etched on the front plate of the
for the quiescent state. The log counter will be dis- detector and is entered during manufacture, it cannot
played when an event occurs to show where it is be changed. This is followed by one or two lines
recorded in the internal log. describing the fault.
The status messages indicate:

32 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 8.1 Video Text Overlay

Message Field Contents Description

Log Counter Counter Used to index the internal event log.
Serial Number "Ser. No. nnnn/YY" Shows front plate serial number and year from
internal memory.
Faults "Wiring Fault" / "Detector Fault" Simple report of detected fault(s) - Faults shall be put
in either category. More details may be displayed in
development mode.
OPM Condition See Table 30: “OPM Messages” See 8.1.4 “Window (OPM) Test and Alarm Test”.
Table 32: Fault and OPM Signal Indicators
Other fields shall be the same as in the Quiescent state.

8.1.6 Other Messages off. A message will be displayed on the video overlay,
There are a few messages that can appear towards the with a blue background, reporting the condition. The
bottom of the quiescent mode text overlay to report detector will also report if the camera signal is lost.
other states of the detector. The FV400 detector will turn off the video section if the
An FV400 detector’s banner message appears briefly temperature goes above +70°C or below -30°C.
for a few sec and then clears. Additionally, another mes- If the video is active then, the log counter will be dis-
sage appears if the detector is in the service mode (see played when an event occurs to show where it is
Fig. 22). recorded in the internal log.
If the temperature is between +55°C and +70°C or
between -10°C and -30°C, then the camera switches
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
1 F l a m e V i s i o n Log Counter
2 Location and Identity Field
3 D
4 R
5 O
6 W
7
8
9
10 Banner Field
11 Service Field
12 Camera State Field
Fig. 22: Power Up and Other Messages Overlay
The Log Counter is not visible for the initial Power Up screens (Banner and Service Fields).

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 33

8.1 Video Text Overlay FV400 Series Flame Detectors

Fig. 22 shows position of the other message fields on The status messages indicate as follows:
the text overlay.

Status Message Contents Description

Banner Blank / FV400 Series /  Displayed while the detector is powering up.
Service Mode
Service Detection Disabled/Blank Displayed while the detector is in service mode for
configuration or diagnostics. In normal operation this
field is blank.
Camera State CAMERA FAULT/ The following messages will be displayed on a blue
CAMERA OFF/TOO HOT background as the camera signal is not available:
CAMERA OFF/TOO COLD  CAMERA FAULT - The camera signal has been lost.
 CAMERA OFF: TOO HOT - The camera 
temperature is too hot and it has been turned OFF.
 CAMERA OFF: TOO COLD - The camera 
temperature is too cold and it has been turned OFF.
Table 33: Other Messages
Other fields shall be the same as in the Quiescent state.

34 Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2

FV400 Series Flame Detectors 8.1 Video Text Overlay

Product Information and Design Application Doc. version 2 35

120.515.123_FV-D-400-A, doc. version 2, 14. Oct 2013. Subject to change without notice.

Further information about Tyco can be found on

the Internet at www.tycoemea.com

Company stamp