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Reproduction in Plants Notes

bio grade 8

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64 views4 pages

Reproduction in Plants Notes

bio grade 8

Uploaded by

messyinformally
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BIOLOGY

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS

1. State three advantages of vegetative propagation in plants.


ANS: The advantages of vegetative propagation are as follows: Plants that do not
produce seeds can be grown by this method. Vegetative plants grow faster than
the ones produced by seeds.
The plants produced by this method are exactly the same as the original plant. This is helpful for
farmers as they get the exact copies of the required plant.

2. What is the difference between unisexual and bisexual flowers?


ANS: Some flowers Such as China rose, Sweet pea and mustard have both sex organs in a
single flower and are called Bisexual flowers. As they have all parts of flower, they are also
called complete flowers.
Some others, such as flowers of papaya and mulberry plants, have either male or female sex organ
and are called unisexual flowers. Since they lack one of the sex organs, they are also called
incomplete flowers.

3. How does the process of fertilisation take place in flowers?


Ans When pollen lands on stigma, it germinates and gives rise to a pollen tube that passes through
the style and reaches the ovary of a pistil. When the pollen tube reaches an ovule, it releases the
male gametes. A male gamete fuses with a female gamete in the ovule. This process is known as
fertilisation. The cell which is formed after the fusion of a male and a female gamete is known as
zygote. This zygote divides several times in order to form the embryo present inside the seed.

4. Describe the technique of grafting. How is it different from the technique of layering?
ANS: Grafting is a method in which two plants are joined together in such a way that
two stems join and grow as a single plant. The plant which is attached to soil is called
as stock and the cut stem of another plant without the roots is called as scion. This technique is
BIOLOGY

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS

very useful in propagating improved varieties of various flowers and fruits.


Examples: mango, Apple, citrus fruits, etc.

Layering is a method in which branch of the plant with at least one node is bent towards the
ground and a part of it is covered with moist soil leaving the tip of the branch exposed above the
ground. After sometime, new roots develop from the part of the branch buried in the soil. The
branch is then cut-off from the parent plant. The part which has developed roots grows to become a
new plant,

5. Explain sexual mode of reproduction in plants.

ANS: The flower is the reproductive organ of a flowering plant. Sexual mode of reproduction
in plants involves fusion of male and female gametes. A flower consists of four whorls.
The outermost whorl is of sepals the second whorl is of colorful petals, the third whorl has
the male sex organs, stamens, and the innermost whorl has the female sex organ pistil. The
stamen consists of a filament and an anther. The anther contains pollen grains. The male
gametes are produced inside the pollen grains. The female organ, pistil has three parts Ovary,
style and stigma. The ovary contains many ovules. The ovule contains egg cell or the female
gamete. The stigma provides a platform for the pollen grains to germinate. Zygote is formed
by fusion of male and female gametes. The zygote eventually grows into a new plant.

6. A potato is cut into many pieces which are placed on wet cottons in a tray. After a few days
leafy outgrowths are observed in some pieces but not all. Why?
ANS: Potato tuber has buds or 'eyes' that grow into a new plant. If a cut potato with an eye on it
is placed in wet cotton, it will show leafy outgrowths. whereas, potato piece which do not have
eye will not show outgrowth.
7. A branch of blue rose is grafted on to a plant bearing red roses. Which colored flowers will be
produced in the plant after grafting?

ANS: Plant will bear blue roses. In this method, the two parts of the plant are joined to grow
BIOLOGY

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS

together. The two parts are placed in such a way that their vascular tissue joins together to
successfully grow as a single plant, such that, the plant has root sturdiness of the stock and
desirable qualities of the scion. Here branch with blue roses is acting like scion.
BIOLOGY

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS

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