QUIZ 1-INTRODUCTION TO

CRIMINOLOGY 7. “Respect begets respect” best describe what rule

1. Professionals in this field use their specialized in social contract?
knowledge to develop and implement policies and
procedures to address and prevent criminal activity. a. Social solidarity
a,. Criminology b. Mechanical solidarity
b. criminal justice c. Local solidarity
c. Criminal justice system d. Organic solidarity
d. Law enforcement administration
8. What is Republic Act 11131?
2. It is a view that government and political order
are based on the consent of the people who agree to A. A law that amend the Republic Act 6506
form a society. The people give up some of their B. A law that partially amend Republic Act 6506
natural rights in exchange for the protection of their C. A law that repeal the Republic Act 6506
basic rights and the promotion of the common good D. A law that do not repeal Republic Act 6506
by the government.
9. Which of these typologies of killer murder a
a. Social solidarity numerous number of people overtime and seek to
b. Social contract theory escape out of detection?
c. Mechanical solidarity
d. Organic solidarity A. Serial
B. Spree
3. Who added a social dimension to Lombroso's C. Mass
work by arguing that people commit crimes due to D. Chance
outside forces that they cannot control?
10. Criminology is also related to the study of
A. Cesare Beccaria ______________ behaviors or those actions that
B. Enrico Ferri depart from social norms, values, beliefs, and
C. Jeremy Bentham customs.
D. Raffaele Garofalo
A. deviant
4. The type of killer that run on a certain group of B. delinquency
people as their target. They believe to unworthy C. abnormal
people, the statement is referring to a mission D. violent
oriented killer but how about to excitement?
A. Mission-oriented 11. It is easily duped because his or her motivation
B. Lust killer for easy gain lowers his or her natural tendency to
C. Thrill oriented be suspicious.
D. Missionary motive killer
a. Greedy Type
5. What is innate to man when desire and b. Depressive Type
capability is present? c. Wanton Type
d. Tormentor Type
a. Intent
b. Motive 12. The following are the elements of the
c. Instrumentality positivistic approach which stresses a scientific
d. Criminal tendency method rather than a philosophical orientation.
EXCEPT___________.
6. Who is a person that commits crime due to less A. Fitness of the punishment to the crime
physical stamina or self-control? B. Application of the scientific method
C. Discovery and diagnosis of pathology (sickness)
A. Criminaloids that underlies the criminal’s actions.
B. Criminal by passion D. Individual treatment (therapy or corrections)
C. Insane criminal
D. Born criminal
13. What is this statement that confirms crime c. When it is undesirable due to behavioral
correlates to society that affects almost all people? maladjustment
A. Crime is progressive d. when it is reported.
B. Crime is expensive
C. Crime is destructive 20. The return of a trait or reappearance of
D. Crime is pervasive previous behavior after a period of absence.
a. ATAVISM
14. Which is not a function and consequence of b. ATAVISTIC ANOMALY
crime in society according to Emile Durkheim? c. Atavistic stigmata
d. Born Criminals
A. Society becomes vigilant
B. It creates unity in the society 21. All but one are the qualification of the
C. Disintegration and disunity of the society Chairperson and Members of the Board.*
D. Society decide what behavior must be prohibited a. Must be a natural-born Filipino citizen and a
resident of the Philippines
15. Maria has a poor relationship with her parents, b. Must be a graduate of Bachelor of Science in
has no goals for the future, and participates in few Criminology, and a holder of a Post Graduate
extracurricular activities; hence, this can lead to Degree in Criminology
deviance. Which theory explains assumption? c. having at least two (2) years of practice in the
A. Conflict profession prior to the appointment including no
B. Labeling less than ten (10) years teaching experience of
C. Self-control criminology or law subjects
D. Social control d. Must not be a member of the faculty of any
school, college or university where a regular class
16. All of the following except one are the or review course in criminology
indicative of criminal tendency according to the
Criminal anthropology of Cesare Lombroso. 22. As defined by Wolfgang, Robert Figlio, and
Thorsten Sellin, they are delinquents that were
A. measurement of the hairline arrested five or more times before the age of 18
B. measurement of the jaw who commit s disproportionate amount of all
C. measurement of the cheek bones criminal offenses.
D. measurement of the cleft palate a. Acute criminal
b. Chronic criminal
17. Which of the following encompasses the large c. Ordinary criminal
mass of people, who are relatively uneducated and d. Habitual criminal
are without power?
23. A criminological perspective that studies the
A. Proletariat relationships between economic disparity and
B. Conflict Model crime, avers that crime is the result of a struggle
C. Consensus Model between owners of capital and workers for the
D. Bourgeoisie distribution of power and resources, and posits that
crime will disappear only when capitalism is
18. Any crime committed by individual from a abolished.
lower social class of society. a. Radical criminology
A. White-Collar crime b. Comparative criminology
B. Blue-collar crime c. Environmental criminology
C. Political crime d. Economic criminology
D. None of these
24. A distinctive belief system.
19. In the scientific point of view, crime exists a. Religion
b. Ideology
a. When it violates a criminal law c. Norm
b. When it incurs injury to life, damage of property d. Culture
and violation of rights of others
25. Codified rules that are more serious norms and 30. This belief is true during the pagan age when
contain sanctions. any wrongful act of man is attributed to the will of
a. Tradition evil. The statement is referring to:
b. Regulations
c. Laws A. Devine will theory
d. Common law B. Supernatural theory
C. Classical theory
26. What is/are the realm of Developmental D. all of these
Psychology?
A. Inherent characteristics QUIZ 2-THEORIES OF CRIME CAUSATION
B. Nature-nurture 1. Anton suffered from frustration because of his
C. Genetics failure to pass his two subjects and became angry
D. Environmental and aggressive. As a result of his experience, he
always entangles into trouble and brawls. What
27. Which takes an additional meaning when used specific theory can explain the causes of his
with reference to leisure – the one domain in which criminal behavior?*
they have the opportunity to express their character A. Anomie theory
through action? B. Subculture theory
A. Boredom C. Strain theory
B. Intermittent D. Differential Association theory
C. Drift
D. Malice 2. The central feature of this theory is that
American culture defines monetary success as the
28. Holds that low intelligence is genetically predominant cultural goal to which all its citizens
determined and inherited. This was supported by should aspire. At the same, this culture restricts
Henry Goddard in his studies in 1920 that many certain segments of the population from attaining
institutionalized people were what he considered monetary success by legitimate means
“feebleminded” and concluded that at least half of A. Labeling theory
all juvenile delinquents were mentally defective. B. Anomie theory
A. Nature Theory C. Strain theory
B. NurtureTheory D. Stress theory
C. Somatotype
D. Phrenology 3. According to Freud it is the ability to learn about
the consequences of one’s action through
29. Aimed at making potential criminals fear the experience.*
consequences of crime showing that crime does not a. Reality principle
pay. It focuses on potential offenders and that these b. Pain principle
offenders must receive punishment in a severe, c. Pleasure principle
swift and certain way. It is also manifesting societal d. d. All of the foregoing
deterrence which aimed to target would be
offenders. For example: imposing long prison 4. A criminological theory that states that visible
sentences or in the Philippines lifetime signs of crime, anti-social behavior, and civil
imprisonment for violent or heinous crimes.* disorder create an urban environment that
A. Specific Deterrence encourages further crime and disorder, including
B. General Deterrence serious crimes.*
C. Active Precipitation A. Anomie Theory
D. Incapacitation Theory B. Differential Association Theory
C. Social Disorganization Theory
D. Broken Windows Theory
5. It is the process by which individual reduce the 11. What is the meaning of atavism?*
frequency of their offending behavior as the age A. Thinking in the future
increases. * B. Throwbacks to an earlier stage of evolution
a. doing gender C. Normlessness
b. aging out D. Lack of empathy to other
c. criminal reduction
d. active precipitation 12. Are those who commit crime due to less
physical stamina and less self control. *
6. According to Social Bond Theory, it refers to the A. Criminaloid
degree to which an individual cares about the B. Psuedo criminals
opinions of others.* C. Professional criminals
a. Commitment D. Born criminals
b. Involvement
c. Attachment 13. A theory that is based on the utilitarian concept
d. Belief of free will and the greatest good of the greatest
number.*
7. This theory identifies critical points in the life- A. Classical School
course that produce crime; in childhood, family B. Free will Theory
factors are critical; in adulthood, marital and job C. Labeling Theory
factors are key to show how crime is a D. Neoclassical Theory
developmental process that shift in direction over
the life course. * 14. Among the following classical thoughts in
a. Interactional theory Criminology is NOT correct-*
b. Age-graded theory A. The Classical school of Criminology is
c. Latent trait theory spearheaded by Bentham and Beccaria.
d. Life-course theory B. The Classical School of Criminology is an
advocate of punishment as a deterrent to crime.
8.According to Social Bond Theory, it refers to an C. The Classical School of Criminology argues that
individual’s investment of energy ad emotion in criminals were primitive creatures, incapable of
conventional pursuits, such as getting good grades.* living normally in society.
a. Commitment D. The Classical School of Criminology also
b. Involvement argued that nature has placed mankind under the
c. Attachment governance of two sovereign masters, “pain” and
d. Belief “pleasure’.

9. Phillip was about to rape a women when a 15. The theory in criminology, which maintains
thought inside his head say “Don’t do it. It’s a that a person commits crime or behaves criminally
sin”. Phillip out of lust, still continued his act. What mainly because he or she is being possessed by evil
aspect of human psyche is that voice?* spirits or something of natural force that controls
a. Conscience his/her behavior is called:*
b. Super ego A. Devine Will Theory
c. ID B. Demonological Theory
d. both a and b C. Classical Theory
D. All of these
10. Is a criminal act that is modeled or inspired by
a previous crime that has been reported in the media 16. This theory states that crime is an economic
or described in fiction.* concept. It places emphasis on the notion that a
A.Copycat crime person expects to be rewarded if he commits a
B. Suggesto-imitative assaults crime.*
C. Imitation crime A. Routine Activities Theory
D. Idolized crime B. Rational Choice theory
C. Economic Theory
D. Free Will Theory
17. Which of the following best explains why 22. Which of the following choices does not relate
Cesare Lombroso was regarded as the father of to the characteristics of classical theory in criminal
modern Criminology?* law?*
A. He established the Positivist School A. The basis in criminal liability is human free will
B. He contributed through Empirical research to the and the purpose of penalty is retribution
field of criminology B. It has endeavored to establish a mechanical and
C. Founded the anthropological study which direct proportion between crime and penalty
became the pillar of the positivists school of C. That man is essentially a moral creature with an
Criminology absolutely free will to choose good and evil
D. He studied thousands of criminals D. That man is occasionally subdued by a strange
and morbid phenomenon
18. In Differential Association Theory,
______________ stressed that criminal conduct is 23. Hydraulic model is also referred to as _____
learned behavior and that learning occurs through theory.*
communication and association with others who are A. Passive-aggressive
in a criminal mind.* B. Psychodynamic
A. Cesare Beccaria C. Social learning
B. Cesare Lombroso D. Darwinian perspective
C. Cesare Montano
D. Edwin Sutherland 24. Identify the correct statement of Richard
Dugdale about the Juke Family Tree.*
19. This theory states that obedience to the norms A. Criminals in general were different from non-
of lower-class culture places people in conflict with criminal
norms of the dominant culture.* B. Heredity as a source of criminality based on
A. Theory of anomie studies of generations of criminals in relations to
B. Strain theory degeneracy and depravity
C. Differential association theory C. Crime is a result of social conflict
D. Culture conflict theory D. Criminality was a product of physical stigmata

20. Otlum is a timid young boy who keeps getting 25. Who expounded the idea and belief that movies,
bullied for his cerebrotonic temperament. He television, reading material, and printed media
always wanna feel belonged to a group but he greatly affect young people to lurk into delinquency
doesn’t have the courage to join gangs or group in and crime?
his school because of his fragile ego and body. Gabriel Tarde
What gang would mostly Otlum belong?* A. Gabriel Tarde
a. Corner boy B. Edwin Sutherland
b. Interstitial C. Karl Marx
c. Conflict gang D. Richard Dugdale
d. Retreatist gang
26. In human personality which of the following
21.It is a set of logically related explanatory can differentiate reality from fantasy?*
hypotheses that are consistent with a body of A. Id
empirical facts and may suggest more empirical B. Ego
relationships.* C. Superego
a. Theory D. Super id
b. Contemplation
c. Speculation 27. In psychoanalytic theory, the unconscious wish
d. Theoria for death is called ____.
A. Eros
B. Mortem
C. Thanatos
D. Ethos
28. This emphasizes that crime-ridden environs as 34. The Differential Association Theory provides a
those in which residents are uninterested in good illustration of a social learning approach and
community matters, therefore, the common sources according to this theory, criminal behavior is-*
of control in terms of family, school or church are A. Result of an emotional disturbance
weak and mess up, what theory are we referring to? B. An innate quality of goodness or badness
* C. Learned and not inherited
A. Social disorganization theory D. An excess of wisdom
B. Social learning theory
C. Development theory 35. Otlum, because of poverty, forced to steal from
D. Cultural deviance theory convenience store to satisfy his hunger. What
source of coercion is this?*
29. What is this THEORY puts the focus on the a. Interpersonal coercion
process of naming behaviours and the people that b. Impersonal coercion
perform them.* c. Personal coercion
A. Functionalist d. Economic coercion
B. Rational choice e. Two sources of coercion.
C. Anomie
D. Labelling 36. As a third alternative, overcomes the
weaknesses of abductive and deductive reasoning
30. In this theory includes that in egalitarian via adopting a pragmatist perspective*
families, in which the husband and the wife share a. Inductive Reasoning
similar positions of power at home and in the b. Deductive Reasoning
workplace –daughters gain a kind of freedom that c. Abductive Reasoning
reflects reduced parental control.* d. Nota
a. Marginalization theory
b. Adler's theory of masculinity 37. This explains that in crime causation, biology
c. Power control theory can affect psychology, which can affect social well-
d. Critical feminist being, which can further affect biology, and so on.*
e. Opportunity theory a. The “Bio” component
b. The “Psycho” component
31. This theory supports that behavior is regulated c. The “Social” component
by behavioral activating inhibition systems that are d. The BIO-PSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL
two opposing mechanisms.*
a. Reward dominance theory 38. The 3 stages of theory development are _____
b. Behavior theory a. Deductive, abductive, and inductive
c. Differential association theory b. Speculative, descriptive and constructive
d. Psychological theory c. Problem, conclusion, and solution
d. Idea, knowledge, and proof.
32. This is the study of the perception of reality
and of the mental processes, which is concerned 39. Mitoy and Bambi were board passers who then
with how people morally represent and reason applied to PNP. Eventually, Kardo begin to distrust
about the world.* the society when he failed despite of being a
a. Cognitive theory topnotcher while Narda who is just a passer
b. Attachment theory successfully included to the successful applicant
c. Personality theory because his father is a well-known high official of
d. Self-control theory the government. Instead of pursuing his dream, he
became member of NPA. What theory best
33. This refers generally to theories of individual describes the situation?*
psychology that investigate how moral reasoning a. Relative deprivation theory
emerges in the individual and develops as the b. Cultural deviance theory
individual matures.* c. Delinquent subculture theory
a. Moral development theory d. Differential opportunity theory
b. Behavioral theory
c. Cognitive theory
d. Nota
40. He emphasized that a person is not born with 7. This suggests that people feel emotions first then
the ability to behave violently.* act upon them. This is a theory that emotion and
A. Albert Bandura psychological reaction occur simultaneously. These
B. Albert Hoffman actions include changes in muscular tension,
C. Albert Doderlein perspiration etc.
D. None of the above
a. JAMES-LANGE THEORY
QUIZ 3-HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND b. CANON-BARD THEORY
VICTIMOLOGY c. TWO FACTORY THEORY
1. What occurs when a victim unintentionally b. Nota
makes it easier for an offender to commit a crime, a
victim may, and in this way be a catalyst for 8. This is the inability to retain information, which
victimization ? has just been seen or read.

A. Victim precipitation a. Amnesia

B. Victim provocation b. Anterograde
C. Victim facilitation c. Retrograde
D. Victim instigation d. Localized

2. In Sigmund Freud's psychosexual development, 9. Moral development theory"; the basic moral
in phallic stage, the libido focuses on what? principles and social norms are learned through
social interaction and roleplaying was introduced
A. Bowel and bladder control by _________
B. Mouth area
C. Genitals a. Lawrence Kohlberg
D. Sexual interest b. Sigmund Freud
c. Jean Piaget
3. A manifestation of mental disorder through an d. Lev Vygotsky
erroneous perception without an external object of
stimulus. 10. Part of moral development theory; individuals
A. Mania examine customs and social rules according to their
B. Hallucination own sense of universal human rights, moral
C. Illusion principles, and duties- adults after age
D. Delusion
a. Preconventional level
4. What kind of crime victim does these people who b. Conventional level
experience the harm intensely through media c. Postconventional level
publicity as their source of information? d. Nota

A. Specific crime victim 11. A man who has been unkind to his wife buys
B. Tertiary crime victims her flowers (but does not apologize).
C. direct crime victim a. Undoing
D. indirect crime victim b. Introjection
c. Projection
5. It is defined as the way people react to d. Sublimation
frustration. This could be attributed to individual
differences and the way people prepared in the 11. These people are just simply confused and that
developmental task they faced during the early they could experience hallucination or delusion,
stages of their life. these people falls on the category of bizarre
a. Coping mechanism behavior. What does hallucination mean?
b. Defense mechanism
c. Fight/flight A. Bizarre behavior
d. Frustration Tolerance B. impaired functioning
C. false belief
D. false perception
12. It is having or claiming to have the power of 16. Under Analytic Psychology, the libidinal energy
seeing objects or actions beyond the range of is expected in learning to walk, talk and other skills
natural vision. necessary for survival.

a. Telepathy A. Childhood (birth to adolescence)

b. Clairvoyance B. Young adulthood (adolescence to 40)
c. Precognition C. Middle age (from 40 to later years of life)
d. Psychokinesis D. Old Age

13. According to Erik Erikson, during this time we 17. Is the focus of attention until the next child is
start pondering our accomplishments and we born, at which time he/she is “dethroned”.
develop integrity if we see ourselves as leading a
successful life. If we see our lives as fruitless, feel A. First Born
guilty about past situations, or feel that we did not B. Second Bord
accomplish our life goals, we then become C. Only Child
displeased with life and establish anguish, often D. Youngest
leading to depression and hopelessness.
18. Horney maintained that ______ is caused by
A. Birth to 1 year disturbed human relationships, particularly that
B. 3 to 5 yrs old between parent and child.
C. 18 mos to 3 years old
D. 65 yrs & up A. Neurosis
B. Ego
14. Hans J, Eysenck had Biological Typology C. Psychosis
where he defined personality as the stable and D. Libido
enduring organization of a person’s character,
temperament, intellect and physique, which 19. When girls see her mother as rival for her
determines his/her unique adjustment to the father’s attention this complex is termed as…
environment. One of the dimensions of
temperament is that neuroticism ranges from A. Oedipus Complex
normal to fairly calm but tends to be quite nervous; B. Electra Complex
indicative of emotional overreaction and having C. Penis Envy
difficulties adjusting to normal state after emotional D. Athena Complex
experiences.
20. It develops itself from the pleasure and pain
A. Stability-instability level and from the discovery that the behavior of
B. Psychoticism the seat of psychic energy can have boring results.
C. Extroversion
D. Introversion A. ID
B. Ego
15. He believed the core motive behind personality C. Superego
involves striving for superiority, or the desire to D. Awareness
overcome challenges and move closer toward self-
realization. This desire to achieve superiority stems 21. It is one of the broad reactions to frustrations
from underlying feelings of inferiority that Adler which is manifested by sulking, retreating,
believed were universal. becoming indifferent and giving up.

A. Karen Horney a. Flight

B. Alfred Adler b. Fight
C. Carl Jung c. Hop
D. Sigmund Freud d. Clash
22. What is known as the highest needs of all? 28. Maria is the mother of Pedro, who has injured
as a direct result of an act of violence. What is
a. self-actualization referred to Maria?
b. self-esteem
c. love and belonginess
c. criminologist a. Witness Secondary Victim
b. Parent Secondary Victim
23. His notion that victims contributed to their c. Close Family Member
victimization through their actions and behaviors d. Related Victim
led to the development of the concept of “Victim
Blaming” and is seen by many victim advocates as 29. Petra is injured as a direct result of witnessing
an attempt to assign equal culpability to the victim. an act of violence against another Pedro. Petra is
considered as?
a. Hans Von Hentig
b. Benjamin Mendelsohn a. Witness Secondary Victim
c. Benjamin E. Wolfgang b. Parent Secondary Victim
d. Stephen Schafer c. Close Family Victim
e. Menachem Amir d. Related Victim

24. Occurs when a victim makes it, unintentionally 30. If Petra witness to either a more or less serious
so, easier for an offender to commit a crime act of violence. Petra is considered as?

a. victim precipitation a. Witness Secondary Victim

b. victim facilitation b. Parent Secondary Victim
c. victim provocation c. Close Family Victim
d. victimology d. Related Victim

25. Occurs when a person actually does something 31. Who first coined the term victimology?
that incites another person to commit an illegal act
a. Cesare Beccaria
b. Robert Peel
a. victim precipitation c. Benjamin Mendelsohn
b. victim facilitation d. Hans Von Hentig
c. victim provocation
d. victimology 32. The person is incapable of becoming sexually
aroused unless pain or humiliation is incorporated
26. Pedro is injured as a direct result of an act of into sexual act:
violence committed against him. Pedro is
considered as a? a. masochism
b. algolagnia
a. Primary victim c. active algolagnia
b. Special victim d. maniac
c. Secondary victim
d. Related victim 33. These people are just simply confused and that
they could experience hallucination or delusion,
27. Juan is a person who suffers nervous shock these people fall into the category of bizarre
without himself being exposed to danger. He is behavior. What does hallucination mean?
referred as?
a. Bizarre behavior
a. Secondary victim b. false interpretation
b. Special victim c. false belief or grandeur
c. Primary victim d. false perception
d. Related victim
34. Victim provokes violent encounter or use of 40. Unfaithful boyfriend suspects his girlfriend to
words that cause physical confrontation with have other “LOVER”. The statement best describes;
offender.
A. sublimation
a. passive B. displacement
b. active C. suppression
c. facilitation D. projection
d. intentional

35. It is the term that describes the relationship ---

between the victim and the criminal.
1. **A wealthy businessman is caught engaging in
a. couple illegal financial activities through fraudulent stock
b. penal couple trades. Which criminological theory best explains
c. twin his actions?**
d. victim
a. Biological Theory
36. It has the qualities of both those who like to be b. Classical Theory
alone and one who likes to be with others. He is an c. White Collar Crime (Sutherland)
______ d. Sub-cultural Theory

a. introvert ---
b. extrovert
c. ambivert 2. **A 35-year-old man with a history of theft is
d. pervert caught stealing from his employer. When
questioned, he claims that his actions were
37. The following are the factors that affects human influenced by an inability to achieve financial
behavior, except: success due to his social status. Which theory
applies best to his situation?**
a. Heredity
b. Environment a. Cultural Deviance Theory
c. Learning b. Social Disorganization Theory
d. Development c. Strain Theory (Merton)
d. Social Bond Theory
38. Behavior that departs from social norms is
otherwise known as _____ behavior ---

a. Juvenile 3. **A city has seen an increase in crimes against

b. irrational property during the winter season. According to the
c. Deviant thermic law of crime, which factor might best
d. truant explain this trend?**

39. A 27 years old man having a mental capacity of a. Socio-economic deprivation in urban areas
a 4 years old child is considered as mentally b. Increased strain and frustration during the cold
retarded that falls of what particular category? months
c. Crimes against persons are more common
A. moron during colder months
B. idiot d. Property crimes increase in colder climates,
C. imbecile while violent crimes rise in warmer climates
D. dull-minded
---

4. **In a disorganized urban neighborhood, crimes

are rampant due to broken families, poverty, and
lack of social control. Which sociological theory c. Chiseling
best explains the rise in crime in this area?** d. Corporate Crime

a. Social Learning Theory ---

b. Differential Association Theory
c. Social Disorganization Theory 9. **A law enforcement officer claims that
d. Containment Theory deterring crime in a community requires swift and
certain punishment, as well as punishments severe
--- enough to outweigh the benefits of criminal gains.
Which criminological theory does this approach
5. **A known criminal claims that his family represent?**
upbringing, involving harsh discipline and little
affection, led him to become violent. This best fits a. Strain Theory
which theory of criminal behavior?** b. General Deterrence Theory
c. Social Bond Theory
a. Biological Theories d. Differential Opportunity Theory
b. Psychological Theory (Freud's psychoanalysis)
c. Routine Activity Theory ---
d. General Deterrence Theory
10. **In a small rural community, a series of
--- violent crimes are committed by individuals
claiming to be possessed by spirits. This aligns with
6. **A criminal offender argues that he committed which classical criminological theory?**
a robbery because he saw others in his social group
doing the same thing, and he learned to justify it by a. Demonological Theory
claiming that the victims "deserved it." Which b. Biological Theories
theory best explains his behavior?** c. Eclectic Theory
d. Rational Choice Theory
a. Neutralization Theory (Matza and Sykes)
b. Routine Activities Theory ---
c. Rational Choice Theory
d. Cultural Conflict Theory

---

7. A man is apprehended for a crime he claims to

have committed out of jealousy and emotional
instability, influenced by his upbringing in a violent
household. He insists he did not act out of free will.
Which school of criminology supports this view?**

a. Classical School
b. Positivist School
c. Neoclassical School
d. Chicago School

---

8. **A government worker is caught embezzling

funds but argues that his low income forced him to
do so. His defense aligns with which of the
following types of white-collar crimes?**

a. Client Fraud
b. Stings and Swindles
 ### 6. **Which classification of victim includes
CRIMINOLOGY 1 those unable to think clearly and who may be easily
--- exploited?**
- A. The Old
### 1. **Which law regulates the practice of the - B. The Female
criminology profession in the Philippines?** - C. The Immigrant
- A. R.A. 11131 - D. The Mentally Defective
- B. R.A. 6506
- C. R.A. 10175 ---
- D. R.A. 10912
### 7. **Which branch of criminology deals with
--- the punishment of crime and jail management?**
- A. Sociology of Law
### 2. **A criminologist studies the social - B. Penology
phenomenon of crime. According to Edwin H. - C. Etiology of Crime
Sutherland, criminology also includes which of the - D. Victimology
following?**
- A. The economic impact of crime ---
- B. The process of making laws, breaking laws,
and society’s reaction ### 8. **What does the term “White Collar Crime”
- C. The psychological rehabilitation of criminals refer to?**
- D. Political implications of criminal actions - A. Crimes committed in rural areas
- B. Economic crimes committed by individuals
--- of higher status
- C. Violent crimes committed by professionals
### 3. **Sociological Criminology focuses on - D. Crimes associated with property theft
crime in relation to:**
- A. Criminal justice system policies ---
- B. Demographic and group variables
- C. Biological causes of crime ### 9. **Which law mandates the Continuing
- D. Individual psychological traits Professional Development (CPD) for all regulated
professions in the Philippines?**
--- - A. R.A. 11131
- B. R.A. 6506
### 4. **Which theory posits that criminal behavior - C. R.A. 10175
is a learned process through socialization with - D. R.A. 10912
others?**
- A. Routine Activities Theory ---
- B. Differential Association Theory
- C. Strain Theory ### 10. **According to Cesare Lombroso, which
- D. Social Control Theory category describes a criminal with identifiable
hereditary traits?**
--- - A. Born Criminals
- B. Criminaloids
### 5. **Which of the following terms describes a - C. Pseudo-Criminals
condition where there is a breakdown of social - D. Insane Criminals
order and normlessness?**
- A. Victimology ---
- B. Social Control
- C. Anomie ### 11. **Which theory is associated with the idea
- D. Social Conflict that crime results from the absence of social norms?
**
--- - A. Routine Activity Theory
- B. Anomie Theory
- C. Social Control Theory
 - D. Labeling Theory - A. R.A. 6506
- B. The Human Security Act of 2007
--- - C. The Anti-Money Laundering Act
- D. The Public Safety Act
### 12. **In Moffitt’s Dual Pathway Theory,
which group of offenders exhibit criminal behavior ---
that begins prior to puberty and continues into
adulthood?** ### 18. **Which sociological theory emphasizes
- A. Adolescent-Limited Offenders the convergence of a motivated offender, a suitable
- B. Life Course Persistent Offenders target, and the absence of a capable guardian?**
- C. Cultural Deviant Offenders - A. Differential Association Theory
- D. Retreatist Offenders - B. Social Learning Theory
- C. Routine Activities Theory
--- - D. Strain Theory

### 13. **Which crime prevention policy focuses ---

on increasing the fear of punishment to deter crime?
** ### 19. **Which concept suggests that people
- A. General Deterrence rationalize their deviant actions, leading them to
- B. Specific Deterrence commit crimes?**
- C. Incapacitation - A. Neutralization Theory
- D. Rehabilitation - B. Labeling Theory
- C. Differential Opportunity Theory
--- - D. Strain Theory

### 14. **The term “felicific calculus” is ---

associated with which criminologist?**
- A. Cesare Beccaria ### 20. **In Classical Criminology, what
- B. Jeremy Bentham assumption is made about individuals and crime?**
- C. Edwin Sutherland - A. Crime is caused by mental illness
- D. August Comte - B. Individuals have free will and can choose to
commit crimes
--- - C. Crime is a result of social structure
- D. Criminals are biologically inferior
### 15. **Who coined the term "criminology" in
1885?** ---
- A. Edwin Sutherland
- B. Raffaele Garofalo ### 21. **Under the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020,
- C. Cesare Lombroso how long can a person suspected of terrorism be
- D. Paul Topinard detained without a judicial warrant?**
- A. 7 days
--- - B. 10 days
- C. 14 days
### 16. **The idea that a criminal is biologically - D. 30 days
inferior and distinguishable by physical features is
associated with which theory?** ---
- A. Psychological Theory
- B. Biological Theory ### 22. **Cesare Beccaria is known for advocating
- C. Routine Activities Theory which of the following principles?**
- D. Cultural Deviance Theory - A. Crime is a result of biological defects
- B. Punishments must fit the crime
--- - C. Criminal behavior is learned
- D. Criminology is a social science
### 17. **The Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020 replaced
which previous legislation in the Philippines?** ---
 - C. Labeling Theory
### 23. **Which type of offender does Raffaele - D. Rational Choice Theory
Garofalo classify as motivated by revenge?**
- A. Violent Criminals ---
- B. Deficient Criminals
- C. Lascivious Criminals ### 29. **What is the primary focus of Penology
- D. Murderers within criminology?**
- A. Crime prevention through education
--- - B. Rehabilitation and punishment of offenders
- C. Study of criminal behavior in society
### 24. **Which sociologist introduced the concept - D. Examination of victims' roles in crime
of "anomie," where society provides little moral
guidance to individuals?** ---
- A. Gabriel Tarde
- B. Émile Durkheim ### 30. **In Freud's psychoanalytic theory, which
- C. Karl Marx part of the personality represents the moral
- D. Travis Hirschi conscience?**
- A. Id
--- - B. Ego
- C. Superego
### 25. **Which theory holds that individuals are - D. Subconscious
rational actors who weigh the consequences of their
actions before committing a crime?** ---
- A. Strain Theory
- B. Rational Choice Theory ### 31. **Which legislation in the Philippines
- C. Labeling Theory addresses cybercrime, including illegal activities
- D. Cultural Deviance Theory involving computers?**
- A. R.A. 10175
--- - B. R.A. 11131
- C. R.A. 10912
### 26. **According to the Routine Activities - D. R.A. 6506
Theory, which of the following is NOT a
requirement for a crime to occur?** ---
- A. Presence of a motivated offender
- B. Presence of a capable guardian ### 32. **Which type of offender, according to
- C. A suitable target Edwin Sutherland’s Differential Association
- D. Absence of witnesses Theory, learns criminal behavior through
communication with others?**
--- - A. Cultural Deviants
- B. Socialized Offenders
### 27. **Under R.A. 11131, a registered - C. Habitual Criminals
criminologist refers to a person who has:** - D. Pseudo-Criminals
- A. Graduated with a degree in criminology
- B. Passed the board exams and registered with ---
the PRC
- C. Specialized in criminal law ### 33. **Which of the following is NOT a type of
- D. Completed police training damage that can be awarded to a victim in the
context of victimology?**
--- - A. Moral Damages
- B. Temperate Damages
### 28. **Which criminological theory suggests - C. Exemplary Damages
that people may be pushed or pulled into crime due - D. Punitive Damages
to external factors?**
- A. Containment Theory ---
- B. Routine Activities Theory
### 34. **Who is known as the "Father of Modern - C. Rehabilitation programs
Criminology" and is credited with the theory of - D. Public humiliation of offenders
atavism?**
- A. Jeremy Bentham ---
- B. Cesare Beccaria
- C. Cesare Lombroso ### 40. **In Merton’s Strain Theory, which mode
- D. Edwin Sutherland of adaptation involves rejecting societal goals but
continuing to follow societal means?**
--- - A. Innovation
- B. Rebellion
### 35. **Which sociological theory emphasizes - C. Ritualism
that individuals commit crimes due to frustration - D. Retreatism
from being unable to achieve societal goals?**
- A. Strain Theory ---
- B. Labeling Theory
- C. Social Bond Theory ### 41. **Which type of criminal according to
- D. Differential Association Theory Cesare Lombroso is characterized by the inability to
distinguish right from wrong due to brain defects?
--- **
- A. Criminaloids
### 36. **Which of the following is NOT part of - B. Insane Criminals
Hirschi’s Social Bond Theory?** - C. Born Criminals
- A. Commitment - D. Pseudo-Criminals
- B. Attachment
- C. Neutralization ---
- D. Involvement
### 42. **Which model developed by Bard and
--- Sangrey explains the stages of a victim’s experience
after a crime?**
### 37. **According to Routine Activity Theory, - A. Disaster Victim’s Model
which of the following factors contributes to an - B. Victims of Crime Model
increase in crime rates in urban areas?** - C. Penal Couple Model
- A. Increased law enforcement presence - D. Routine Activities Model
- B. High population density and social isolation
- C. A lack of motivation to commit crimes ---
- D. Decreased access to resources
### 43. **Which theory by Gabriel Tarde
--- emphasizes that individuals become criminals by
imitating others?**
### 38. **Which criminological school of thought - A. Strain Theory
posits that individuals have free will and are - B. Routine Activities Theory
rational actors capable of choosing between right - C. Imitation Theory
and wrong?** - D. Labeling Theory
- A. Positivist School
- B. Classical School ---
- C. Chicago School
- D. Labeling School ### 44. **Who introduced the concept of "felicific
calculus" to explain how individuals make
--- decisions to commit crimes based on pleasure and
pain?**
### 39. **In Cesare Beccaria’s theory, what is - A. Jeremy Bentham
considered the most effective way to prevent crime? - B. Cesare Beccaria
** - C. Edwin Sutherland
- A. Swift and certain punishment - D. Karl Marx
- B. Longer prison sentences
--- ### 50. **Which branch of criminology studies the
role of victims in the commission of a crime?**
### 45. **Which type of victim is described as - A. Penology
becoming vulnerable due to emotional disturbance, - B. Victimology
such as heartache?** - C. Sociology of Law
- A. The Depressed - D. Criminalistics
- B. The Heartbroken
- C. The Lonesome ---
- D. The Wanton
CRIMINOLOGY 2
--- ### 1. **A 35-year-old woman was arrested for
theft. During interrogation, she confessed after
### 46. **Which legislation in the Philippines hours of intense questioning and physical
addresses terrorism and outlines penalties for those discomfort imposed by the police. Based on
who engage in terrorist acts?** criminological principles, which type of criminal
- A. R.A. 6506 justice system abuse is evident in this scenario?**
- B. R.A. 11479 - A. Exemption from punishment
- C. R.A. 11131 - B. False accusation
- D. R.A. 10175 - C. Coerced confession
- D. Plea bargaining
---
---
### 47. **Which criminological theory posits that
criminal behavior results from a breakdown in ### 2. **A suspect involved in a robbery claims
social bonds, particularly in disorganized that his brain injury from a recent accident impaired
communities?** his judgment and ability to differentiate right from
- A. Social Disorganization Theory wrong. According to Cesare Lombroso's theory,
- B. Differential Association Theory this suspect would be classified as:**
- C. Routine Activities Theory - A. Criminaloid
- D. General Strain Theory - B. Insane criminal
- C. Born criminal
--- - D. Pseudo-criminal

### 48. **Which criminologist is known for ---

proposing that criminals are biologically and
physically inferior to non-criminals?** ### 3. **A group of teenagers was caught breaking
- A. Jeremy Bentham into cars in a poor neighborhood. According to
- B. Cesare Lombroso Social Disorganization Theory, what is the most
- C. Edwin Sutherland likely explanation for this crime?**
- D. Emile Durkheim - A. Lack of educational opportunities
- B. Breakdown of social bonds and community
--- ties
- C. Poor family relationships
### 49. **Which theory of crime causation - D. Presence of a capable guardian
emphasizes the role of socialization and the
learning of criminal behavior from others?** ---
- A. Differential Association Theory
- B. Labeling Theory ### 4. **A man commits fraud by stealing client
- C. Routine Activities Theory funds through his company position. He claims he
- D. Containment Theory did it because his financial goals were impossible to
achieve through legitimate means. This behavior
--- aligns with which mode of adaptation under
Merton's Strain Theory?**
- A. Innovation
- B. Retreatism
 - C. Ritualism
- D. Rebellion ### 9. **A woman living in a poor, overcrowded
neighborhood frequently reports crimes happening
--- near her home. According to Criminal Ecology,
what factor contributes most to the high crime rate
in this area?**
### 5. **A criminologist studying patterns in urban - A. Mental health issues in the population
crime notices that violent crimes occur more - B. Overcrowding and poor living conditions
frequently during the summer months. Which - C. Genetic predisposition to crime
concept best explains this phenomenon?** - D. Lack of moral guidance
- A. Strain Theory
- B. Cultural Deviance Theory ---
- C. Thermic Law of Crime
- D. Routine Activities Theory ### 10. **A young man is caught shoplifting in a
mall. He explains that he was peer-pressured by his
--- friends to steal for fun, even though he knew it was
wrong. According to Matza and Sykes'
### 6. **A suspect in a murder case grew up in an Neutralization Theory, which technique of
environment of poverty, where criminal behavior neutralization is he likely using to justify his
was common and accepted by his peers. According actions?**
to Differential Association Theory, why did this - A. Denial of responsibility
individual likely commit the crime?** - B. Appeal to higher loyalties
- A. He experienced strain from societal - C. Denial of victim
pressures. - D. Condemnation of the condemners
- B. He learned criminal behavior from those
around him. ---
- C. He was biologically predisposed to commit
crime.
- D. He lacked proper legal guidance. CRIMINOLOGY 3
---
---
### 1. **A group of students vandalizes school
### 7. **A father is caught sexually abusing his property, and when asked why they did it, one
daughter and justifies it by saying that it’s an student replies, "The school doesn't care about us,
expression of love and education. According to so why should we care about their property?" This
Benjamin Mendelsohn’s classification, what type of justification reflects which criminological theory?
offender does this represent?** **
- A. The Acquisitive - A. Social Bond Theory
- B. The Wanton - B. Strain Theory
- C. The Rationalizer - C. Neutralization Theory
- D. The Tormented - D. Labeling Theory

--- ---

### 8. **A suspect arrested for drug trafficking ### 2. **A 19-year-old man is caught shoplifting
claims that he joined the drug trade due to but claims that he only did it because his friends
economic hardship. He argues that it was the only pressured him into it. He explains that this was the
way to provide for his family. Which theory of first time he engaged in criminal behavior.
crime causation supports this justification?** According to Moffitt’s Dual Pathway Theory, this
- A. Social Learning Theory individual would likely be classified as:**
- B. Labeling Theory - A. Life Course Persistent Offender
- C. Economic Determinism - B. Adolescent-Limited Offender
- D. Classical Criminology - C. Criminaloid
- D. Born Criminal
---
--- ### 7. **A young man involved in a gang robbery
justifies his actions by saying he only did it because
### 3. **A man steals money from his employer, he had to protect his gang members. Which of
reasoning that the company’s profits are Sykes and Matza's techniques of neutralization is he
excessively high and they wouldn’t miss the stolen using?**
amount. According to Sykes and Matza’s - A. Denial of responsibility
Neutralization Theory, this is an example of:** - B. Denial of injury
- A. Denial of injury - C. Appeal to higher loyalties
- B. Denial of victim - D. Condemnation of the condemners
- C. Appeal to higher loyalties
- D. Condemnation of the condemners ---

--- ### 8. **A suspect is found guilty of assault, but he

blames his actions on his inability to control his
### 4. **A teenager from a lower-income family anger due to a neurological disorder. According to
turns to drug dealing because he feels he has no the Positivist School of Criminology, which factor
other way to achieve financial success in society. is the main cause of his criminal behavior?**
Which theory best explains this behavior?** - A. Free will
- A. Social Control Theory - B. Biological or psychological factors
- B. Strain Theory - C. Social conditioning
- C. Differential Association Theory - D. Lack of opportunity
- D. Cultural Deviance Theory
---
---
### 9. **A man engages in a string of petty crimes,
### 5. **A middle-aged man with a history of such as shoplifting and fraud, but claims that the
violent behavior explains his actions by saying that laws are only in place to protect the wealthy, not
he grew up in a violent neighborhood where such people like him. According to Labeling Theory,
behavior was common. According to Social how does this view contribute to his continued
Learning Theory, which element is responsible for criminal activity?**
his criminal behavior?** - A. He rejects the societal label of "criminal."
- A. He learned criminal behavior from others. - B. He has been labeled a criminal and
- B. His criminal behavior is genetically inherited. internalized this identity.
- C. He lacks self-control due to poor upbringing. - C. He believes the laws are unjust, leading to
- D. His criminal behavior is a response to social rebellion.
strain. - D. He learned criminal behavior from others.

--- ---

### 6. **A man is arrested for selling illegal drugs ### 10. **A juvenile delinquent repeatedly
and claims that he did it to make money quickly commits minor offenses like vandalism and
because he felt society didn’t offer him any legal shoplifting. According to Hirschi’s Social Bond
ways to succeed. This reasoning aligns with which Theory, which weakened social bond is most likely
mode of adaptation in Merton’s Strain Theory?** contributing to this behavior?**
- A. Rebellion - A. Lack of commitment to conventional goals
- B. Innovation - B. Weak attachment to parents or school
- C. Retreatism - C. Limited belief in societal norms
- D. Ritualism - D. Lack of involvement in conventional
activities
---