Some of the financial impacts on organisation due to accident are enumerated below:

1. Immediate treatment and possible medical expenses for the injured workers.
2. Depending on the severity of the injury the apprentice or their family may take legal action
against the organization which leads to legal fees.
3. The accident may impact the organization's insurance premiums in the future.
4. Accident can damage the organization's reputation, potentially impacting sales and
customer confidence.
5. The organization may need to train other workers on new safety procedures to prevent
similar accidents in the future.
6. The near miss due to swarf build-up highlights the risk of future accidents with potentially
higher costs.
7. The accident may delay the construction project, leading to additional costs.
8. Potential repairs or maintenance needed for the robotic arm and machinery after the
accidents.
9. Possible legal expenses if the injured workers pursue compensation claims.
10. Higher insurance premiums due to reported accidents.
11. Hiring temporary staff to fill in for the injured workers.
12. Investment in additional safety measures and equipment to prevent future incidents.
13. Decreased employee morale and productivity due to concerns over safety.
14. Downtime of the robotic arm and bench-mounted machinery causing production delays.
15. Additional overtime payments to other workers covering the tasks of the injured
employees.

Here are some possible reasons that health and safety policy must be review in the
organisation:

1. The health and safety policy is signed by the previous site manager who retired six years
ago, indicating it has not been reviewed or updated that is health and safety policy must be
review.
2. The recent installation of robotic arms with wider areas of movement necessitates updated
safety protocols and procedures.
3. The presence of a recent near miss and an accident highlights potential gaps in the current
safety procedures.
4. The broken pneumatic vacuum system in the machinery workshop suggests maintenance
issues that need addressing in the policy.
5. Workers’ complaints about safety issues and cleaning of walkways being ignored by the
workshop manager indicate a need for a policy that ensures all safety concerns are
addressed.
6. Workers are afraid to report near misses due to potential criticism, showing a need for a
culture change in safety reporting.
7. Upcoming construction work and its impact on office safety need to be addressed in the
health and safety policy.
8. The contractor induction pack lacks specific details on restricted areas, indicating a need for
more comprehensive safety information.
9. The recent accident involving a young apprentice highlights the need for specific safety
measures for young or inexperienced workers.
10. The policy should clarify if stopping workers from removing swarf frequently to avoid
disciplinary action is acceptable.
11. The WM's dismissal of safety concerns and lack of funding for repairs highlight a potential
 need for policy revisions on management accountability.
12. The fallen sign and water trail near the accident scene indicate a potential lack of proper
housekeeping procedures addressed in the policy.
13. The policy review can ensure training materials are up-to-date to address new hazards and
proper use of safety equipment.
14. The policy should establish a regular review schedule to ensure it remains current and
reflects best practices.

As per scenario some are the positive approaches to Managing Home Working Risks:

1. Re-circulating the work-from-home policy ensures everyone has access to the latest
information and guidance.
2. Conducting new DSE assessments demonstrates concern for ergonomic risks associated
with home working.
3. Establishing regular online meetings for work updates and non-work discussions promotes
good communication and team spirit.
4. including well-being checks during meetings acknowledges the importance of mental health
for remote workers.
5. Leverage existing laptops avoids the need for new IT equipment, streamlining the process.
6. A questionnaire is sent to the affected workers to confirm their familiarity with the working-
from-home guidance.
7. The team leader agrees to have regular one-to-one online meetings with the individuals
working from home.
8. Online team meetings are arranged twice a week for discussing work updates and non-work-
related topics.
9. The contractor induction pack, which includes safety information, is saved electronically and
accessible to staff.
10. The workers impressively remember the working-from-home policy details from the pandemic
period.
11. The transition to home working is well-organized, with specific steps taken to ensure minimal
disruption and maintain safety standards.

After an accident these actions should be taken for the collection of evidence:

1. Collect a copy of the initial injury report from the first-aider.

2. Retrieve maintenance records and operational logs for the robotic arm involved.
3. Examine and photograph the fallen "Authorized Workers Only" sign. Note its condition and
previous attachment point.
4. Review the training records of the injured apprentice, particularly regarding safety protocols
around robotic arms.
5. Obtain a detailed interview of the incident from the injured apprentice.
6. Check if the accident or events leading up to it were captured on security cameras.
7. Examine the area for any physical evidence, such as the trail of water drops and the fallen
sign.
8. Review the maintenance records of the robotic arms to ensure they were in proper working
condition.
9. Get their perspective on the events leading up to the accident.
10. Gather information on what they observed and any actions they took.
11. Take photos of the accident site, including the position of the robotic arms and the sign
 leaning against the door.
12. btain written statements from anyone who saw the accident or the events leading up to it.
13. Investigate the source of the water and why the floor was wet, contributing to the worker’s
slip.
14. Assess the adequacy and placement of warning signs, including the ‘Authorised Workers
Only’ sign.

Based on the scenario, the immediate causes of the production line accident are following:

1. Construction contractor using a mobile phone, while near the robotic arms, leading to
distraction.
2. Fallen ‘Authorised Workers Only’ sign, allowing unauthorized access to the production line.
3. Wet floor due to rain, creating a slippery surface.
4. Worker slipping on the wet floor while trying to warn the contractor.
5. Poor communication and enforcement of restricted access to the production line area.
6. Insufficient warning and safety signage for construction contractors.
7. inadequate induction for contractors regarding safety around the robotic arms.
8. The new robotic arms with a wider range of movement could have been a factor if they were
not properly guarded or fenced off.
9. The water trail on the floor likely caused the worker to slip and fall.
10. construction contractor’s lack of reaction to the worker’s warning.

Negative Health and Safety Culture Indicators at the Car Manufacturing Organisation
includes:

1. The pneumatic vacuum system in the machinery workshop has been broken for a month and
not repaired.
2. Piles of swarf are left in walkways, creating tripping hazards and leading to near misses and
accidents.
3. Workers' complaints about safety issues, such as the vacuum system, are ignored by the
WM.
4. Workers are disciplined for taking time to safely remove swarf, discouraging them from
following safety practices.
5. Workers fear reporting near misses due to potential criticism from the WM.
6. The WM states there is no money for essential safety repairs due to funding being diverted to
construction work.
7. The health and safety policy is outdated, still signed by a manager who retired six years ago.
8. The contractor induction pack is incomplete, lacking specific information about restricted
areas.
9. A crucial 'Authorized Workers Only' sign was found on the floor, not properly maintained.
10. he fallen sign near the entrance was not promptly fixed or replaced.
11. The WM dismisses discussions about urgent safety issues like the broken vacuum system.
12. The machinery workshop WM is unavailable for safety discussions and does not support HS
supervisors.
13. Workers express anxiety about reporting safety issues due to potential disciplinary action.
14. Workers are working overtime due to injuries caused by unsafe conditions.
15. The accident involving the apprentice shows a lack of preparedness and immediate response
mechanisms.
16. Water dripping from a contractor’s coat and leading to the accident scene indicates slip
hazards are not promptly managed.
17. Contractors using mobile phones in hazardous areas without proper monitoring.
18. The apprentice involved in the accident was not adequately trained or supervised.
19. Workers and contractors are not adhering to safety protocols, such as staying in designated
areas
20. The injured worker is a 17-year-old apprentice, indicating neglect in protecting young and
inexperienced workers.
21. Lack of effective communication between the HS supervisor and the WM.

Following the recent accident, the contractor induction should be updated to include the
following information:

1. Clearly list all restricted areas and highlight those that are off-limits during the construction
period.
2. Provide detailed emergency procedures, including evacuation routes, assembly points, and
emergency contact numbers.
3. Explain the meaning and importance of various safety signs, including those indicating
restricted areas and hazards.
4. Outline the mandatory PPE required on-site, such as hard hats, safety glasses, and high-
visibility clothing.
5. Instruct contractors on how to report hazards, near misses, and accidents immediately to a
designated health and safety supervisor.
6. Specify the locations of robotic arms, their movement zones, and the associated hazards,
including the need to stay clear.
7. Detail the proper use and handling of tools and equipment, emphasizing the importance of
using equipment as intended.
8. Stress the importance of maintaining a clean work area, including the proper disposal of
waste and debris to prevent trip hazards.
9. Clarify the designated access and egress routes for contractors, including any changes due
to ongoing construction work.
10. Set expectations for professional behavior, including no horseplay, respecting others'
workspace, and maintaining a cooperative attitude.
11. Provide contact information for health and safety supervisors and site managers,
emphasizing the chain of command for reporting issues.

Here are some individual human factors that could have influenced the behaviour of those
involved in the production line accident:

1. The injured worker was a 17-year-old apprentice, likely with limited experience and possibly
less awareness of safety protocols.
2. The construction contractor was using a mobile phone to video the robotic arms, diverting
their attention from their surroundings.
3. The new worker reacted impulsively to the contractor’s risky behavior, running towards them
and subsequently slipping.
4. The construction contractor might have been unfamiliar with the production line area and its
hazards.
5. The worker’s high-visibility coat was wet, likely from the rain, which could have caused the
water trail and the slippery conditions.
6. The ‘Authorised Workers Only’ sign had fallen, leading to unauthorized access by the
contractor.
7. The contractor might not have received adequate training on the production line's safety
protocols, especially regarding the robotic arms.
8. The contractor might have been complacent or overconfident in handling the situation,
ignoring the potential dangers of the robotic arms.
9. The production line supervisor was returning from lunch, indicating a possible lack of
immediate supervision during the incident.
10. The apprentice and workers might have been fatigued due to long hours or strenuous work,
affecting their alertness and reaction times.

Some of Administrative Control Measures to Prevent Production Line Accident Repeat are
below:

1. Update and ensure comprehensive safety induction for all new workers and contractors,
including clear instructions on the hazards of robotic arms and the use of mobile phones near
machinery.
2. Include detailed information on restricted areas and specific safety protocols in the contractor
induction pack, ensuring contractors are aware of and comply with all safety regulations.
3. Ensure that all safety signs, including ‘Authorised Workers Only’, are properly displayed and
maintained. Regularly check that signs are visible and in good condition.
4. Conduct frequent safety audits of the production line and surrounding areas to identify and
address potential hazards, including checking the functionality and placement of safety
equipment.
5. Train all workers on the proper use of emergency stop buttons for machinery and ensure they
are familiar with emergency procedures.
6. The SM should collaborate with Health and Safety (HS) to ensure clear communication of
safety protocols to construction workers.
7. Prohibit construction workers from using mobile phones in production areas, especially near
robotic arms.
8. Investigate the source of the water leak and fix it promptly to prevent slips and falls.
9. Ensure apprentices receive proper safety training specific to the production line, including
robotic arm awareness.
10. While the policy seems adequate, consider refreshing the memory of team leaders on their
responsibilities for remote worker well-being.
11. Immediately address the malfunctioning vacuum extractor system in the machinery
workshop.
12. Develop a safe and efficient procedure for swarf removal that doesn't involve workers
creating blockages in walkways.
13. Implement a system for reporting near misses to identify and address potential safety issues
before accidents occur.