Anjuman-I-Islam’s

M.H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic

8, M.H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic Road, Mumbai 400008

FINAL YEAR DIPLOMA IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING

(2023-2024)

PROJECT REPORT ON

PROJECT TITLE

AI Based Stream Analysis for career choice Aptitude Tests

BY

210403 Ansari Midhat Fatima

210409 Mantasha Mohammed Sadiq

210411 Welder Umme Haani

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

MS. ZAIBUNNISA MALIK MS. SALIMA KHATIB

Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education (MS-BTE)

Mumbai (Autonomous) (ISO 9001:2008) (ISO/IEC 27001:2005

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 Anjuman-I-Islam’s
M.H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic
8, M.H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic Road, Mumbai 400008

Certificate

This is to certify that Ms. Ansari Midhat Fatima from Computer Engineering
Department of M. H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic, Mumbai having Enrollment No.
2100020127 has completed Final Project Report having Title AI Based Stream
Analysis for career choice Aptitude Tests during the academic year 2023 – 2024 in
a group consisting of 3 persons under the guidance of Faculty Guide Ms.
Zaibunnisa Malik & Co Guide Ms. Salima Khatib .

Place: Mumbai Sign of Guide:

_____________

Date: ____________ Sign of HOD: _____________

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 Anjuman-I-Islam’s
M.H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic
8, M.H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic Road, Mumbai 400008

Certificate

This is to certify that Ms. Mantasha Mohammed Sadiq from Computer

Engineering Department of M. H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic, Mumbai having
Enrollment No. 2100020121 has completed Final Project Report having Title AI
Based Stream Analysis for career choice Aptitude Tests during the academic year
2023 – 2024 in a group consisting of 3 persons under the guidance of Faculty
Guide Ms. Zaibunnisa Malik & Co Guide Ms. Salima Khatib .

Place: Mumbai Sign of Guide:

_____________

Date: ____________ Sign of HOD: _____________

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 Anjuman-I-Islam’s
M.H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic
8, M.H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic Road, Mumbai 400008

Certificate

This is to certify that Ms. Welder Umme Haani from Computer Engineering
Department of M. H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic, Mumbai having Enrollment No.
2100020082 has completed Final Project Report having Title AI Based Stream
Analysis for career choice Aptitude Tests during the academic year 2023 – 2024 in
a group consisting of 3 persons under the guidance of Faculty Guide Ms.
Zaibunnisa Malik & Co Guide Ms. Salima Khatib .

Place: Mumbai Sign of Guide:

_____________

Date: ____________ Sign of HOD: _____________

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 INDEX

Sr.No. Title Marks Obtained Marks

Faculty Sign with Date

1. Problem Identification 02

Industrial Survey &

2. 02
Literature Review

3. Project Proposal 03

4. Execution of Plan 02

5. Final Project Report 06

6. Project Log Book 02

7. Project Portfolio 04

8. 04

Presentation & Defence

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Sr.No. Title Marks Obtained Marks
Faculty Sign with Date

Total 25

Project
Report

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 Acknowledgement

It is our esteemed pleasure to present the project report on

“AI Based Stream Analysis for career choice Aptitude Tests”

We would firstly like to thank our Principal (I/c), Head of the Department & Guide
Ms. Zaibunnisa Malik for encouraging and motivating us with her guidance and
total support for our work. We shall also like to thank Ms. Salima Khatib for
working as our sub guide and making our path to integrity much simpler.

We also thank all the teachers who constantly motivated us and provided us their
precious knowledge about the procedures carried out for making a project along
with technical knowledge they have availed.

We would also like to thank our principal Mr. A.K Qureshi for providing us this
Opportunity of integrating our own project and constantly supporting us
throughout the process.

It would also be pleasure thanking all the staff, be it teaching or non-teaching

who always understood by us and never made any problem tread our way.

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 Abstract
(One paragraph 150 words)

Most of the users are confused while selecting their streams according to their capability. In our
project, user can select career choice based on their aptitude. The main aim of project is to help
user for choosing their career option. System helps the user select their career choice according
to their interest in particular field. The aptitude test brings an easy interesting working
environment, more clarity in presenting appropriate information to the user and also it gives
faster access and retrieval of information from the database. Under this system, questions can be
stored and retrieved easily. The system checks the answer by matching the pre-defined answers
in database and users answer.

The marking criteria is decided by admin and stored in the system for reference. A career
guidance system where students can see various career opportunities, the system shows various
fields available after 10th standard. This project actually has a series of tests of various general
questions. After that a score will be calculated for each test.

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 Table of Content

Sr. No. Chapter Page No.

Introduction and Background

1.1. Introduction

1.2. Background

1.3. Motivation

1.4. Problem Statement

1.
1.5. Objective and Scope

1.6. Advantages

1.7. Disadvantages

1.8. Limitations

1.9. Conclusion

Literature Survey

2.1. Introduction
2.
2.2. Research Papers

2.3. References

2.4. Conclusion

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Sr. No. Chapter Page No.

Proposed Methodology

3.1. System Design

3.1.1. Introduction

3.1.2. Block Diagram

3.1.3. System architecture diagram

3.
3.1.4. Data Flow Diagram

3.1.5. Software Design Approach

3.2. Time Line Chart

3.3 Gantt Chart

3.4. Conclusion

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 Chapter 1: Introduction and Background

Content:

1.1. Introduction
1.2. Background
1.3. Motivation
1.4. Problem Statement
1.5. Objective and Scope
1.6. Advantages
1.7. Disadvantages
1.8. Limitations
1.9. Conclusion

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1.1. Introduction
In today's rapidly evolving job market, choosing the right career path has become more
challenging than ever. With numerous industries, job roles, and educational opportunities to
consider, individuals often find themselves in a dilemma when deciding on a career that aligns
with their aptitudes and interests. To address this issue, the project "AI-Based Stream Analysis
for Career Choice Aptitude Tests" aims to provide a data-driven solution to help individuals
make informed career choices.
This innovative project leverages the power of artificial intelligence (AI) and data analysis to
streamline the career decision-making process. Traditional aptitude tests and career assessments
often rely on static, one-size-fits-all approaches. In contrast, this project incorporates AI
algorithms to tailor career recommendations based on individual strengths, preferences, and the
ever-changing job market.

1.2. Background
The "AI-Based Stream Analysis for Career Choice Aptitude Tests" project is driven by the need
to address contemporary challenges in career guidance. Rapid technological advancements and
evolving job market dynamics demand up-to-date and personalized career recommendations.
The rise of personalization, data-driven decision-making, and the prevalence of skills
mismatches further highlight the need for a dynamic and modern approach to career choices.
Leveraging AI and real-time data analysis, this project seeks to provide individuals with tailored
guidance, aligning their skills and aspirations with the ever-changing employment landscape,
ultimately improving career outcomes in the 21st-century workforce.

1.3. Motivation

The AI Based Stream Analysis for career choice Aptitude Tests project was created to help
students choose their career path based on their aptitude and interests. The project uses an
aptitude test to determine the user’s intelligence quotient and then suggests the most suitable
career options based on their interests. The motivation behind this project is to provide students
with a tool that can help them make informed decisions about their future career paths. By using

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an aptitude test to determine a student’s intelligence quotient and then suggesting suitable career
options based on their interests, this project aims to help students make better-informed decisions
about their future careers. Additionally, by storing questions in a database and retrieving them
easily, this project aims to provide an efficient way for students to take tests and view their
results.

The main idea of creating such type of project arise when we saw the student who came to our
college for taking admission and were not clear about selecting their field/branch.

1.4. Problem Statement

Selecting the right career path is a complex process marred by generic aptitude tests, outdated
recommendations, information overload, and a lack of continuous support. Conventional
methods often fail to consider individual aptitudes and evolving job markets, resulting in
misinformed career choices. Additionally, educational and training paths may not align with
career objectives. The project "AI-Based Stream Analysis for Career Choice Aptitude Tests"
aims to overcome these challenges by delivering personalized, ultimately enabling individuals to
make informed decisions and align their skills with the ever-changing job market.

1.5. Objective and Scope

 Objective:
 To study Holland’s career model
 To Collect the data through questionnaire provided by Holland’s model.
 To Analyze data collected and apply the AI algorithms
 To Predict Career based on the data.
 Scope:

The project scope encompasses various aspects of career guidance, including aptitude
assessment, real-time data analysis, education and training pathways, goal tracking, and user-
friendly accessibility. It aims to offer comprehensive, individualized, and up-to-date career

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 guidance, addressing the challenges of traditional career assessment methods and in returns
provide the needs of today's dynamic job market.

1.6. Advantages

 It provides students with a tool that can help them make informed decisions about their future
career paths.
 Personalized Career Guidance: The project offers personalized career recommendations,
taking into account an individual's unique strengths, interests, and goals, which can lead to
more satisfying and suitable career choices.
 Less time required: less time is required as compared to the traditional methods followed,
quick response is achieved and counsellor time is saved.
 Accessibility: The project can be accessed through user-friendly website, making it widely
available to those seeking career guidance.
 No skilled employs required: Does not require human interference or efforts which in turns
reduce the expenses.
 Reduces complexity: Less complex as resources required are less and easy to use.
 Accuracy: More accurate and always provide correct results according to the inputs given.

1.7. Disadvantages
 The system must be given proper inputs otherwise it can produce wrong results
 Algorithmic Bias: AI algorithms used for aptitude assessments and career recommendations
may inherit biases present in the training data, potentially leading to biased recommendations
that could reinforce inequalities or stereotypes.

 Dependence on AI Accuracy: The accuracy of AI-based assessments and recommendations

is crucial. Inaccurate results or biased algorithms may lead to misguided career choices.

 Lack of Adaptation for Unique Circumstances: Some individuals have unique

circumstances that cannot be fully addressed by an AI-driven system, such as individuals
with disabilities or specific career constraints.

1.8. Limitations

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 Lack of Adaptation for Unique Circumstances: Some users may have unique
circumstances, such as disabilities or specific career constraints, which may not be
adequately addressed by an AI-driven system.
 User Device and Connectivity Constraints: User accessibility may be limited by factors
like internet access, device availability, and digital literacy, potentially excluding certain
demographics.
 Data Quality and Bias: The accuracy and reliability of AI recommendations are highly
dependent on the quality of the data used for training the algorithms. Biased or incomplete
data can result in biased recommendations, potentially reinforcing existing inequalities and
stereotypes.
 Lack of Human Element: AI-driven career guidance may lack the human touch, empathy,
and nuanced understanding that can be crucial in career counseling. It may struggle to
address unique individual circumstances or emotional factors.
 Inflexibility: Some users may have non-traditional career aspirations or unique constraints
that AI-driven systems may not easily accommodate, potentially limiting their utility.
 Dependency on Technology: Users of the system may become overly reliant on the
technology, potentially reducing their ability to make independent career decisions.

1.9. Conclusion

The "AI-Based Stream Analysis for Career Choice Aptitude Tests" project represents a
significant step towards modernizing and enhancing the career decision-making process.
However, it is essential to acknowledge and mitigate the project's limitations, including concerns
about data quality, privacy, the absence of a human element, algorithmic accuracy, and the
potential for overemphasis on current trends.

To maximize the benefits of this project, it should be viewed as a valuable supplementary

resource rather than a sole determinant of career choices. The human touch in career guidance
remains indispensable, especially in addressing unique individual circumstances and emotional
factors. Striking a balance between data-driven insights and personalized support will be crucial
in ensuring that individuals can make informed, fulfilling, and sustainable career decisions.

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Continuous refinement and adaptation to address these limitations will be key to the project's
success and its ability to meet the diverse needs of its users in the ever-evolving world of work.

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 Chapter 2: Literature Survey

Content:

2.1. Introduction
2.2. Research Papers
2.3. References
2.4. Conclusion

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2.1. Introduction

In today's rapidly evolving job market, choosing the right career path has become more
challenging than ever. In this chapter we have done research on technologies that need to be
implemented for successful completion of our project.
Any project cannot be implemented directly a lot of research needs to be made. Research papers
play a vital role in such situations. Research papers are reviewed and then project problem
statement is identified. Same has been done with our project.

2.2. Research Papers

Paper Title 1: Online Career Counsellor System based on Artificial Intelligence: An approach
Author: Kartikey Joshi, Amit Kumar Goel, Amit Kumar Goel
Published in: 2020
Abstract: Many students nowadays are facing problems in deciding their career. As the students
are going through their academics, they need to realize their capabilities and check their areas of
interest so that they will decide which career is best suited for them. This system will help
nowadays youth to decide which career path is best for their future that brings out the best results
if they choose that prescribed career. This will help in improving the performance of the student
and also motivate their interest so that they will be focused on their targeted career. This system
is based on a test that a student has to perform and depend on the answers that are provided by
the student, it will generate a summarized result. The main aim of this system is to provide an
overview of the Artificial Intelligence techniques that we used to predict the performance of the
student. This system will also be focusing on the way we are using prediction algorithms to
identify attributes in student data. Using this system proved to be beneficial for the students,
Educational Institutions and educators also.

Paper Title 2: Augmented Intelligence: Surveys of Literature and Expert Opinion to Understand
Relations Between Human Intelligence and Artificial Intelligence
Author: Kok-Lim Alvin Yau, Heejeong Jasmine Lee, Yung-Wey Chong, Aqeel Raza Syed
Published in: IEEE

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Abstract: Augmented intelligence (AuI) integrates human intelligence (HI) and artificial
intelligence (AI) to harness their strengths and mitigate their weaknesses. The combination of HI
and AI has seen to improve both human and machine capabilities, and achieve a better
performance compared to separate HI and AI approaches. In this paper, we present a survey of
literature to understand how AuI has been applied in the literature, including the roles of HI and
AI, AI approaches, features, and applications. Due to the limited literature related to this topic,
we also present a survey of expert opinion to answer four main questions to understand the
experts’ implications of AuI, including: a) the definition of AuI and the significance of HI in
AuI; b) the roles of HI in AuI; c) the current and future applications of AuI in research, industry,
and public, as well as the advantages and shortcomings of AuI; and d) end users’ view of the
application of AuI. We also present recommendations to improve AuI, and provide a comparison
between the findings from the surveys of both literature and expert opinion. The discussion of
this paper shows the promising potential of AuI compared to separate HI and AI approaches.

Paper Title 3: Artificial Intelligence in the 21st Century

Author: Jiaying Liu, Xiangjie Kong
Published in: IEEE
Abstract: The field of artificial intelligence (AI) has shown an upward trend of growth in the
21st century (from 2000 to 2015). The evolution in AI has advanced the development of human
society in our own time, with dramatic revolutions shaped by both theories and techniques.
However, the multidisciplinary and fast growing features make AI a field in which it is difficult
to be well understood. In this paper, we study the evolution of AI at the beginning of the 21st
century using publication metadata extracted from 9 top-tier journals and 12 top-tier conferences
of this discipline. We find that the area is in the sustainable development and its impact
continues to grow. From the perspective of reference behavior, the decrease in self-references
indicates that the AI is becoming more and more open-minded. The influential
papers/researchers/institutions we identified outline landmarks in the development of this field.
Last but not least, we explore the inner structure in terms of topics’ evolution over time. We have
quantified the temporal trends at the topic level and discovered the inner connection among these
topics. These findings provide deep insights into the current scientific innovations, as well as
shedding light on funding policies.

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Paper Title 4: A Systematic Review of Human–Computer Interaction and Explainable Artificial
Intelligence in Healthcare With Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Author: Mobeen Nazar, Muhammad Mansoor Alam, Eiad Yafi, And Mazliham Mohd Su’ud
Published in: IEEE
Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the emerging technologies. In recent decades,
artificial intelligence (AI) has gained widespread acceptance in a variety of fields, including
virtual support, healthcare, and security. Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is a field that has
been combining AI and human-computer engagement over the past several years in order to
create an interactive intelligent system for user interaction. AI, in conjunction with HCI, is being
used in a variety of fields by employing various algorithms and employing HCI to provide
transparency to the user, allowing them to trust the machine. The comprehensive examination of
both the areas of AI and HCI, as well as their subfields, has been explored in this work. The main
goal of this article was to discover a point of intersection between the two fields. The
understanding of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), which is a linking point of HCI and
XAI, was gained through a literature review conducted in this research. The literature survey
encompassed themes identified in the literature (such as XAI and its areas, major XAI aims, and
XAI problems and challenges). The study’s other major focus was on the use of AI, HCI, and
XAI in healthcare. The poll also addressed the shortcomings in XAI in healthcare, as well as the
field’s future potential. As a result, the literature indicates that XAI in healthcare is still a novel
subject that has to be explored more in the future.

Paper Title 5: Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Review

Author: Lijia Chen , Pingping Chen, And Zhijian Lin
Published in: IEEE
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on
education. Premised on a narrative and framework for assessing AI identified from a preliminary
analysis, the scope of the study was limited to the application and effects of AI in administration,
instruction, and learning. A qualitative research approach, leveraging the use of literature review
as a research design and approach was used and effectively facilitated the realization of the study
purpose. Artificial intelligence is a field of study and the resulting innovations and developments
that have culminated in computers, machines, and other artifacts having human-like intelligence
characterized by cognitive abilities, learning, adaptability, and decision-making capabilities. The

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study ascertained that AI has extensively been adopted and used in education, particularly by
education institutions, in different forms. AI initially took the form of computer and computer
related technologies, transitioning to web-based and online intelligent education systems, and
ultimately with the use of embedded computer systems, together with other technologies, the use
of humanoid robots and web-based chatbots to perform instructors’ duties and functions
independently or with instructors. Using these platforms, instructors have been able to perform
different administrative functions, such as reviewing and grading students’ assignments more
effectively and efficiently, and achieve higher quality in their teaching activities. On the other
hand, because the systems leverage machine learning and adaptability, curriculum and content
has been customized and personalized in line with students’ needs, which has fostered uptake
and retention, thereby improving learners experience and overall quality of learning.

Paper Title 6: Peeking Inside the Black-Box: A Survey on Explainable Artificial Intelligence
(XAI)
Author: Amina Adadi And Mohammed Berrada
Published in: IEEE
Abstract: At the dawn of the fourth industrial revolution, we are witnessing a fast and
widespread adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in our daily life, which contributes to
accelerating the shift towards a more algorithmic society. However, even with such
unprecedented advancements, a key impediment to the use of AI-based systems is that they often
lack transparency. Indeed, the black-box nature of these systems allows powerful predictions, but
it cannot be directly explained. This issue has triggered a new debate on explainable AI (XAI). A
research field holds substantial promise for improving trust and transparency of AI-based
systems. It is recognized as the sine qua non for AI to continue making steady progress without
disruption. This survey provides an entry point for interested researchers and practitioners to
learn key aspects of the young and rapidly growing body of research related to XAI. Through the
lens of the literature, we review the existing approaches regarding the topic, discuss trends
surrounding its sphere, and present major research trajectories.

Paper Title 7: Identify Key Factors for Career Choice by Using TOPSIS and Fuzzy Cognitive
Map
Author: Yu-Tso Chen, Wen-Chun Peng, Hsin-Yu Yu

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Published in: IEEE
Abstract: Many career surveys report that nearly half of high school and college students in
Taiwan are not sure what their future career will be. This is a serious issue regarding to career
choice and planning. In order to solve this problem, this paper introduces a study integrating the
typical and atypical factors to build a comprehensive factor model for better career matching.
Through exploring the relationship between typical factors, atypical factors and occupational
items, as well as leveraging the operations of TOPSIS and Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM), the
proposed model identifies the key factors for career choice. The research results can not only
indicate a valuable research field towards career counseling and human resource planning, but
also can benefit the design and implementation of an operational career prediction system in the
future.

Paper Title 8: Prediction Modelling in Career Management

Author: Hadary Mallafi, Dwi H. Widyantoro
Published in: IEEE
Abstract: A question that is often arose on career management is how to choose potential
employees to become chief and achieve performance target based on employees’ historical data.
This research attempts to answer the question and tries to determine what factors can affect an
employee to become a chief and capable to achieve performance target.Toaddress the question,
this study adopts predictive modelling approach using classification techniques and kldivergence
function.The research proposes some recommendations based on applied algorithm.
Additionally, the study shows it is easier to choose a chief based on their historical data compare
to predicting which employee can perform well in the future or predicting both potential chief
and high performer employees. If organization wants to select potential employees to become
chief and predicts them achieving their target, classification techniques should include all
employees as the population and avoid to choose only subsets to ensure the confidence of result.
Meanwhile, KL-Divergence function generates competencies that affect employee who become
a chief and achieve the target. They are achievement orientation, adaptability, analytical
thinking, communication and information seeking.

Paper Title 9: An Intelligent Career Guidance System using Machine Learning

Author: Vignesh S, Shivani Priyanka C, Shree Manju H, Mythili K

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Published in: IEEE
Abstract: Most of the students across the world are always in confusion after they complete
higher secondary and the stage where they have to choose an appropriate career path. At the age
of 18, the students don't have adequate maturity to accurately know about what an individual has
to follow in order to choose a congenial career path. As we pass through the stages, we realize
that every student undergoes a series of doubts or thought processes on what to pursue after 12th
which is the single tallest question. Then comes the next agony whether they have essential skills
for the stream they’ve chosen. Our computerized career counselling system is used to predict the
suitable department for an individual based on their skills assessed by an objective test. I f one
completes their online assessment which we have created in our system, then automatically they
will end up in choosing an appropriate course which will also reduce the failure rate by choosing
a wrong career path.

Paper Title 10: Novel Professional Career prediction and recommendation method for
individual through analytics on personal Traits using C4.5 Algorithm
Author: Lokesh S. Katore, Bhakti S. Ratnaparkhi, Dr. Jayant S. Umale
Published in: IEEE
Abstract: The awareness of choosing the right option for career is increasing among the
students. The students fail to know their strengths and choose career randomly which leads to
frustration and demoralization. The automated systems used by the counsellors are to evaluate
the personality traits of the individual. The accuracy of prediction depends on the set of relevant
skill parameters and analytics on these. The research in view to design the accurate prediction
and recommendation systems shows use of mining and statistical algorithms. In this work we
propose the improved accuracy approach for prediction where C4.5 algorithm for rules
generation and applying statistical correlation on the results

Paper Title 11: Smart Learning Guidance System for University Students
Author: Pasan Kamburugamuwa, Walakulu Gamage A.I.S, Dissanayaka W. R, Ahamed M. M.
I, Ms. Lasantha Abesiri, Ms. Nadeesa Premadasa
Published in: IJERT
Abstract: The motivation of this research paper is to find solutions for student problems faced
during their academic years in college. In this paper, we used machine learning algorithms, feed

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forward neural networks, and regression models to predict student’s final GPA based on their
grades in previous semesters, and calculate the estimated workload for each student based on the
past academic results. The main contribution of the paper is that we have used various models to
predict and analyze each function and get an accuracy of almost above 75% for each module. To
preprocess data, we have used NLP techniques, applied the linear regression algorithms and the
bag of words model to discover classification rules. We extracted useful knowledge for final
GPA and identify the most important courses in the student’s study plan based on their grades in
the mandatory courses. Another main reason having this research paper is that the exponential
growth in using the mobile devices market over the last decade and chatbots are becoming an
increasingly popular option while this can be used for educational purposes as well. This study
examined educational chat-bots for helping students to achieve the expected GPA by giving real-
time answers to student questions, predict the final GPA of students based on past results, and
calculate the student workload.

Paper Title 12: Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Automotive Major in Vocational

Education Training
Author: Beresaw Belestie Degu, Wang Zhongmin, Zhao Wenping
Published in: IJERT
Abstract: This paper has assessed the influence of artificial intelligence development on
automotive major in vocational education curriculum. Different literatures related to vocational
education and artificial intelligence development has been collected and qualitative analysis by
using MAXQDA has been done. Humankind has the ability to create and learn new things due to
the inborn capabilities. The innovation and development in use of machine has been through
different stages. Intelligent machines are made to complete tasks without help from human.
Application of science and engineering to make the machine intelligent enough that can
understand human language and perform as human is known as artificial intelligence. Artificial
intelligence is one of the major aspects of modern life about which most people have some
degree of awareness. In the current era of artificial intelligence and ever hasty pace of technology
innovation; economic development, employment, competitiveness, and vocational education and
training schools impacted incredibly hard. These unprecedented changes brought by artificial
intelligence has also challenged automotive major of vocational education training. Vocational
education produces working force personnel for different companies and enterprises. Therefore,

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teaching curriculum of vocational education has to fit the requirements of companies and
enterprises to mitigate the influence made by AI. The existing automotive curriculum is unable
to catch the rapid changes made by the industries, consequently, it is concluded that it needs to
be restructured with core courses of artificial intelligence with the cross integration of disciplines
to cultivate highly skilled and comprehensive talented graduates. To be able to reduce the gap,
automotive has to include the basics of AI into its teaching curriculum such as smart technology
products, big data, physics, programming, cloud computing, deep learning and trending
technologies. Furthermore, close cooperation of vocational school and industry is crucial to
strengthen transfer of AI knowledge through learning by doing principle in company practices.
Therefore, there should be changes according to the current technology changes in school
education as a whole to not let AI obsolete its training

Paper Title 13: Artificial Intelligence for Every Individual? It’s Easy if You Do it Smart
Author: Srijana Shet, Suman Antony Lasrado
Published in: IJERT
Abstract: Man-made wit usually referred to as Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) may be a
multidisciplinary field whose objective is to robotize exercises that directly need human insight.
A.I is dynamical the method we have a tendency to work and live. whether or not you wish to
understand what’s behind the buzzwords or whether or not you wish to maybe use AI yourself
either in an exceedingly personal context or in an exceedingly corporation or different
organization. In line with a study by McKinsey International Institute, AI is calculable to form a
further thirteen trillion US bucks useful annually by the year 2030. Despite the fact that AI is
already making tremendous amounts useful to be created in an exceedingly future lies outside the
software system trade. In sectors, like retail, travel, transportation, automotive, materials,
producing then on. the intense issue zones cared-for in an exceedingly. Here in this paper, I have
tried to allow a way of AI technologies and what they will do or cannot do and can also be
accustomed to build valuable skills

Paper Title 14: A Review on Artificial Intelligence (AI) is Future Generation

Author: M. Vignesh, K. Thanesh

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Published in: IJERT
Abstract: In the future, intelligent machines will replace or enhance human capabilities in many
areas. Artificial intelligence is the intelligence exhibited by machines or software. It is the
subfield of computer science. Artificial Intelligence is becoming a popular field in computer
science as it has enhanced the human life in many areas. Artificial intelligence in the last two
decades has greatly improved performance of the manufacturing and service systems. Study in
the area of artificial intelligence has given rise to the rapidly growing technology known as
expert system. Application areas of Artificial Intelligence is having a huge impact on various
fields of life as expert system is widely used these days to solve the complex problems in various
areas as science, engineering, business, medicine, weather forecasting. The areas employing the
technology of Artificial Intelligence have seen an increase in the quality and efficiency. This
paper gives an overview of this technology and the application areas of this technology. This
paper will also explore the current use of Artificial Intelligence technologies in the PSS design to
damp the power system oscillations caused by interruptions , interruptions, in Network Intrusion
for protecting computer and communication networks from intruders, in the medical are a
medicine, to improve hospital inpatient care, for medical image classification, in the accounting
databases to mitigate the problems of it and in the computer games.

Paper Title 15: Ethics in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Author: Mr.Soham Shripad Gumaste, Ms.Madhuri Pote
Published in: IJERT
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI), a field of computer science enabling computers to be
better than humans at traditionally human tasks, is a developing field and hence it is of utmost
importance to establish a guideline for ethical practices going forward. It can be used ethically to
maximize quality of life in every aspect such as health-care, transport and city planning.
However, unethically, it can be used to gather data and spy on individuals violating their
personal space, as an enabler of an Orwellian state and as a means of war. Action needs to be
taken now to ensure AI is used ethically. We describe some ethical and unethical uses cases and
propose some laws and regulations to ensure ethical use of AI in the future

Paper Title 16: Artificial Intelligence Techniques

Author: Rishita Jain, Divya Nahata, Priyanka Mangal

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Published in: IJERT
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) involves two basic ideas. First, it involves studying the
thought processes of human beings. Second, it deals with representing those processes via
machines (computers, robots, etc). AI is the behavior of a machine, which, if performed by a
human being, would be called intelligent. It makes machines smarter and more useful, is less
expensive than natural intelligence. Natural Language Processing (NLP) refers to Artificial
Intelligence methods of communicating with a computer in a natural language like English. The
main objective of a NLP program is to understand input and initiate action. The input words are
scanned and matched against internally stored known words. Identification of a keyword causes
some action to be taken. In this way, one can communicate with computer in one language. AI
methods are applied for speech recognition. Speech recognition (in many contexts, also known
as automatic speech recognition, computer speech recognition or voice recognition) is the
process of converting a speech signal to a set of words, by means of an algorithm implemented
as a computer program.

Paper Title 17: The World of Quantum Artificial Intelligence- the Smart and Faster Way to
Reach Artificial General Intelligence
Author: Mr. Alvyn Abranches, Dr. Rajeshree Khande
Published in: IJERT
Abstract: Considering the existing Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology in the current scenario
has been reaching the ultimate stage where some minor Computers changes won’t affect the
overall working of the current system. Therefore, we need some different advanced technology
that works better than the existing system. That can only be Quantum Computers (QCs) and a
replacement to the existing AI can be Quantum AI (QAI). This research or survey paper how
QAI can change the way of looking of Machine Intelligence and what betterments the QAI can
bring compared to the disadvantages of the existing systems and hence will provide some
suitable solutions for the same. It will then go into how we can put our human sense intelligence
into QCs to make the Intelligence to feel, taste and smell which cannot be done with Classical
Computers. It will go through the disadvantages of vision and hearing in the existing AI and how
it doesn’t act as human intelligence does it and how it can be overcome by QAI. It will further

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expand on the changes we need in the current classical systems and find out how we can get
faster responsive machines compared to the existing ones

Paper Title 18: A Literature Survey on Artificial Intelligence

Author: Nishika Gupta
Published in: IJERT
Abstract: There is an endless exciting new research in the field of Artificial Intelligence; this
review is far from a global summary of the progress made in the last decade. There also scores of
fields within AI. Much of the research covered in this review could be applicable to developing
strong AI. Creating a machine capable of understanding the concepts behind the words is
important because it allows for more humanlike conversations as well as improved translation.
There is also fascinating research into detecting human emotions through audio and video cues.
In particular, this paper provides a full review of recent developments within the field of artificial
intelligence and its applications. The work is targeted at new aspirants to the artificial
intelligence field. It also reminds the researchers about some of the issues they have already
known.

Paper Title 19: Artificial Intelligence

Author: R. Sridevika, G. Kannan
Published in: IJERT
Abstract: A branch of Computer Science named Artificial Intelligence pursues creating the
computers or machines as intelligent as human beings. Artificial Intelligence is a way of making
a computer, a computer-controlled robot, or a software think intelligently, in the similar manner
the intelligent humans think. AI is accomplished by studying how human brain thinks, and how
humans learn, decide, and work while trying to solve a problem, and then using the outcomes of
this study as a basis of developing intelligent software and systems. Artificial intelligence is a
science and technology based on disciplines such as Computer Science, Biology, Psychology,
Linguistics, Mathematics, and Engineering. A major thrust of AI is in the development of
computer functions associated with human intelligence, such as reasoning, learning, and problem
solving.

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Paper Title 20: A Machine Learning Based Classification and Prediction Technique for DDoS
Attacks using KNN and Naïve Bayes Algorithm
Author: Abhijith V Nair, Adarsh P Baiju, Govind G Das
Published in: IJERT
Abstract: A distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack isa subclass of a denial of service (DoS)
attack. DDoS attacks involve multiple interconnected online devices, collectively known as
botnets, that are used to attack targeted websites with bogus traffic. Unlike other types of
cyberattacks, DDoS attacks do not attempt to breach your perimeter. Rather, it aims to prevent
legitimate users from accessing her website and servers. DDoS can also beused as a pretext for
various malicious sports, shutting down protective devices, and violating a target's protective
perimeter. Classify and predict DDoS attacks using a machine learning approach. I used Naive
Bayes and KNN algorithms. UNSW-nb15 record on GitHub 1 with functional data on DDoS
attacks. Design a framework for DDoS attack classification and prediction based on existing
datasets using machine learning techniques

Paper Title 21: Artificial intelligence and edge computing for teaching quality evaluation based
on 5G-enabled wireless communication technology
Author: Feng Li and Caohui Wang
Published in: Springer
Abstract: Cloud computing and artificial intelligence are now widely used for classroom
teaching in higher learning institutes. The digital teaching supported to ICT technologies in
colleges serves as a central point for the advancement of modern education; and has become as a
mode of instruction and an approach to teaching. Digital teaching has emerged as a major driving
force in the advancement of digital economy and digitization of education in colleges. In this
paper, we investigate the movable information management system utilized in the digital
teaching using edge computing and 5G wireless communication technology. Furthermore, we
explain the idea of a mobile data scheme and presents a teaching platform based on the edge
computing and 5G-enabled wireless communication technology. The main objective of this work
is to develop a digital teaching framework for college students that, in fact, enables digital
teaching, the collection, and incorporation of teaching information, the provision of modern
education, and sharing of resources. Cutting-edge technology advancements in the educational
platform have the potential to improve 5G communication. To implement the cutting-edge

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technology, all types of technological devices, smart devices, and gadgets from the Internet of
Things (IoT) platform are used. We evaluated the proposed system through reasonable
assumptions and numerical simulations. The experimental results reveal that the suggested
system has significantly improved the teaching efficiency with which digital teaching
management is managed in colleges. Moreover, the edge and 5G technology can significantly
improve the system performance, in terms of response time, that can be as high as 11.45% when
compared to non-cloud based approaches.

Paper Title 22: A survey on artificial intelligence assurance

Author: Feras A. Batarseh, Laura Freeman, Chih-Hao Huang
Published in: Springer
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms are increasingly providing decision making and
operational support across multiple domains. AI includes a wide (and growing) library of
algorithms that could be applied for different problems. One important notion for the adoption of
AI algorithms into operational decision processes is the concept of assurance. The literature on
assurance, unfortunately, conceals its outcomes within a tangled landscape of conficting
approaches, driven by contradicting motivations, assumptions, and intuitions. Accordingly, albeit
a rising and novel area, this manu- script provides a systematic review of research works that are
relevant to AI assurance, between years 1985 and 2021, and aims to provide a structured
alternative to the landscape. A new AI assurance defnition is adopted and presented, and
assurance methods are contrasted and tabulated. Additionally, a ten-metric scoring system is
developed and introduced to evaluate and compare existing methods. Lastly, in this manuscript,
we provide foundational insights, discussions, future directions, a road- map, and applicable
recommendations for the development and deployment of AI assurance.

Paper Title 23: On the current state of combining human and artificial intelligence for strategic
organizational decision making
Author: Anna Trunk, Hendrik Birkel, Evi Hartmann
Published in: Springer
Abstract: Strategic organizational decision making in today’s complex world is a dynamic
process characterized by uncertainty. Therefore, diverse groups of responsible employees deal
with the large amount and variety of information, which must be acquired and interpreted

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correctly to deduce adequate alternatives. The technological potential of artificial intelligence
(AI) is expected to offer further support, although research in this regard is still developing.
However, as the technology is designed to have capabilities beyond those of traditional
machines, the effects on the division of tasks and the definition of roles established in the current
human–machine relationship are discussed with increasing awareness. Based on a systematic
literature review, combined with content analysis, this article provides an overview of the
possibilities that current research identifies for integrating AI into organizational decision
making under uncertainty. The findings are summarized in a conceptual model that first explains
how humans can use AI for decision making under uncertainty and then identifies the challenges,
pre-conditions, and consequences that must be considered. While research on organizational
structures, the choice of AI application, and the possibilities of knowledge management is
extensive, a clear recommendation for ethical frameworks, despite being defined as a crucial
foundation, is missing. In addition, AI, other than traditional machines, can amplify problems
inherent in the decision-making process rather than help to reduce them. As a result, the human
responsibility increases, while the capabilities needed.

Paper Title 24: Artificial intelligence in intelligent tutoring systems toward sustainable
education: a systematic review
Author: Chien-Chang Lin, Anna Y. Q. Huang and Owen H. T. Lu
Published in: Springer
Abstract: Sustainable education is a crucial aspect of creating a sustainable future, yet it faces
several key challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, limited resources, and a lack of
awareness and engagement. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to address these
challenges and enhance sustainable education by improving access to quality education, creating
personalized learning experiences, and supporting data-driven decision-making. One outcome of
using AI and Information Technology (IT) systems in sustainable education is the ability to
provide students with personalized learning experiences that cater to their unique learning styles
and preferences. Additionally, AI systems can provide teachers with data-driven insights into
student performance, emotions, and engagement levels, enabling them to tailor their teaching
methods and approaches or provide assistance or intervention accordingly. However, the use of
AI and IT systems in sustainable education also presents challenges, including issues related to
privacy and data security, as well as potential biases in algorithms and machine learning models.

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Moreover, the deployment of these systems requires significant investments in technology and
infrastructure, which can be a challenge for educators. In this review paper, we will provide
different perspectives from educators and information technology solution architects to connect
education and AI technology. The discussion areas include sustainable education concepts and
challenges, technology coverage and outcomes, as well as future research directions. By
addressing these challenges and pursuing further research, we can unlock the full potential of
these technologies and support a more equitable and sustainable education system

Paper Title 25: Exploring the impact of artificial intelligence on teaching and learning in higher
education
Author: Stefan A. D. Popenici, Sharon Kerr
Published in: Springer
Abstract: This paper explores the phenomena of the emergence of the use of artificial
intelligence in teaching and learning in higher education. It investigates educational implications
of emerging technologies on the way students learn and how institutions teach and evolve.
Recent technological advancements and the increasing speed of adopting new technologies in
higher education are explored in order to predict the future nature of higher education in a world
where artificial intelligence is part of the fabric of our universities. We pinpoint some challenges
for institutions of higher education and student learning in the adoption of these technologies for
teaching, learning, student support, and administration and explore further directions for
research.

Paper Title 26: Vision, challenges, roles and research issues of Artificial Intelligence in
Education
Author: Haoran Xie, Benjamin W. Wah, Dragan Gasevic
Published in: Elsevier
Abstract: The rapid advancement of computing technologies has facilitated the implementation
of AIED (Artificial Intelligence in Education) applications. AIED refers to the use of AI
(Artificial Intelligence) technologies or application programs in educational settings to facilitate
teaching, learning, or decision making. With the help of AI technologies, which simulate human
intelligence to make inferences, judgments, or predictions, computer systems can provide
personalized guidance, supports, or feedback to students as well as assisting teachers or

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policymakers in making decisions. Although AIED has been identified as the primary research
focus in the field of computers and education, the interdisciplinary nature of AIED presents a
unique challenge for researchers with different disciplinary backgrounds. In this paper, we
present the definition and roles of AIED studies from the perspective of educational needs. We
propose a framework to show the considerations of implementing AIED in different learning and
teaching settings. The structure can help guide researchers with both computers and education
backgrounds in conducting AIED studies. We outline 10 potential research topics in AIED that
are of particular interest to this journal. Finally, we describe the type of articles we like to solicit
and the management of the submissions.

Paper Title 27: Role of inductive reasoning, gender, learning satisfaction, and educational and
career preference in predicting scientific competency in high school
Author: Azizul Ghofar Candra Wicaksono, Erzs´ebet Korom
Published in: Elsevier
Abstract: Scientific competency has been known for its role as a core component of science
education. Numerous studies in education have supported the development of scientific
competency and demonstrated that analysing certain predictors and associated variables can
provide better information for developing it. The current study explores the effect of certain
predictors of scientific competency: inductive reasoning, gender, learning satisfaction, and
educational and career preference. We recruited high school students (n = 613) in Indonesia, who
completed online scientific competency and inductive reasoning tests, and questionnaires on
learning satisfaction and educational and career preference. The scientific competency and
inductive reasoning tests demonstrated acceptable construct validity and an acceptable Rasch fit
index (with an infit mean square value ranging from 0.86 to 1.29). The results indicate that
scientific competency is associated with inductive reasoning (β = 0.63, p < 0.01) and is slightly
affected by gender. In addition, we found small effects of education preference and learning
satisfaction on inductive reasoning, whereas career preference is strongly related to educational
preference. These findings supported the claim that the development of scientific competency in
high school should involve inductive reasoning and other predictors. Future research
perspectives include exploring how other educational variables and strategies influence the
development of scientific competencies

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Paper Title 28: AI & learning: A preferred future
Author: Venkat Srinivasan
Published in: Elsevier
Abstract: Rapid progress in AI technologies has generated considerable interest in their
potential to address challenges in every field and education is no exception. Improving learning
outcomes and providing relevant education to all have been dominant themes universally, both in
the developed and developing world. And they have taken on greater significance in the current
era of technology driven personalization.

Paper Title 29: Students’ career exploration: A meta-analysis

Author: Anne-Kathrin Kleine, Antje Schmitt, Barbara Wisse
Published in: Elsevier
Abstract: Career exploration refers to the exploration of the environment and the self with the
aim of gathering career-related information. On the basis of Lent and Brown’s (2013) model of
career self-management (CSM), the current meta-analysis examined the antecedents and
outcomes of career exploration among college students (K = 109, N = 34,969 students). We
found support for the applicability of the CSM model to the context of students’ career
exploration. Specifically, positive associations were found for the association of the three core
person-cognitive variables self-efficacy for career exploration and decision-making (rc = 0.52),
outcome expectations (rc = 0.31), and career-exploratory goals (rc = 0.42) with career
exploration. Results of path analyses suggest that the effects of both self-efficacy and outcome
expectations on career exploration are mediated by career-exploratory goals. Further, in line with
the CSM model, career exploration was positively related to career-related support (rc = 0.33)
and negatively related to barriers (rc = − 0.15). Moreover, career exploration was associated with
important career-related outcomes, such as career decidedness (rc = 0.22), and perceived
employability (rc = 0.35). Exploratory moderator analyses revealed that some relationships are
influenced by sample (i.e., age, gender, cultural background) and measurement (e.g., publication
date) characteristics. The findings of this meta-analysis highlight several implications for the
further development of the CSM model, future research on students’ career exploration, and
career development practice.

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Paper Title 30: Making sense of different perspectives on career transitions: A review and
agenda for future research
Author: Sherry E. Sullivana, Akram Al Ariss
Published in: Elsevier
Abstract: Although scholars across numerous disciplines have studied specific types of career
transitions, there has been no examination of the career transitions literature as a general
phenomenon since Louis' seminal article was published four decades ago. Much has changed in
the career landscape in the last forty years, including the number and types of career transitions
being made by individuals. Using an inductive approach, the five major theoretical perspectives
of career stage, decision-making, adjustment, relational, and identity emerged from our analysis
of 242 publications. In this paper, we summarize research on each of these major perspectives on
career transitions, recognizing emerging trends and research gaps. Based upon an analysis across
these perspectives, we recommend seven major avenues for future research on career transitions.

The gap in the research is that there is a need of studies examining the congruence between the
interests of automotive technology students and their chosen career pathways. While there have
been studies on the necessity of interest-environment congruence in career persistence and
change, there is a lack for research specifically focused on automotive technology students. This
study aims to overcome that gap by comparing the similarity of person and environment
measures and examining the congruence between students' interests and their chosen career paths

2.3. References
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2.4. Conclusion

Thus, we conclude that making such system will help students greatly and they can easily select
their career path. We successfully made the research by reading all the research papers & begin
the planning of our project.

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 Chapter 3: Proposed Methodology

Content:

3.1. System Design

3.1.1. Introduction

3.1.2. Block Diagram

3.1.3. System architecture diagram

3.1.4. Data Flow Diagram

3.1.5. Software Design Approach

3.2. Time Line Chart

3.3. Gantt Chart

3.4. Conclusion

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3.1. System Design

3.1.1. Introduction

System design is the process of defining the elements of a system such as the architecture,
modules and components, the different interfaces of those components and the data that goes
through that system. It is meant to satisfy specific needs and requirements of a business or
organization through the engineering of a coherent and well-running system. This innovative
project leverages the power of artificial intelligence (AI) and data analysis to streamline the
career decision-making process.
In this chapter we will be designing the block diagram, system architecture diagram, data flow
diagram and also will plan the software design approach.

3.1.2. Block Diagram

A block diagram is a visual representation of a system that uses simple, labeled blocks that
represent single or multiple items, entities or concepts, connected by lines to show relationships
between them. An entity relationship diagram (ERD), one example of a block diagram,
represents an information system by showing the relationships between people, objects, places,
concepts or events within that system. Block diagrams are used heavily in engineering and
design of diagrams for electronics, hardware, software and processes. Most commonly, they
represent concepts and systems in a higher level, less detailed overview. The diagrams are useful
for troubleshooting technical issues

INPUT PROCESSING OUTPUT

-Student details Data Analysis & Career path

result prediction chart
- Holland’s
Model Questions

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3.1.3. System architecture diagram

AI algorithm
Login to the Attempt an matches the
Student solutions of 15
website aptitude test
(Questions) questions with
the key provided
by Holland’s
Model

Database Result
(Score & career path)

3.1.4. Data Flow Diagram

Also known as DFD, Data flow diagrams are used to graphically represent the flow of data in a
business information system. DFD describes the processes that are involved in a system to
transfer data from the input to the file storage and reports generation. Data flow diagrams can be
divided into logical and physical. The logical data flow diagram describes flow of data through a
system to perform certain functionality of a business. The physical data flow diagram describes
the implementation of the logical data flow

- Level 0
Student Login to Aptitude Predicted career Student
website Test path & score

Database

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 - Level 1 AI
Login to Aptitude algorithm
Student website Database
Test

Match
answers
with key

Predicted career
Student path & score

3.1.5. Software Design Approach

There are many models/approaches that can be followed while developing the project. Some of
the available models are such as V-Model, Incremental Model, Spiral Model, Waterfall Model,
RAD Model, Agile framework such as SCRUM, Crystal, DSDM, etc. While implementing our
project we decided to choose waterfall model.

Why Waterfall Model?

The Waterfall Model was the first Process Model to be introduced. It is also referred to as
a linear-sequential life cycle model. It is very simple to understand and use. In a waterfall model,
each phase must be completed before the next phase can begin and there is no overlapping in the
phases. The Waterfall model is the earliest SDLC approach that was used for software
development.
Requirement: Our basic requirement was collecting Holland code career model questions
Design: Design of system has levels of questions.
Development: Coding of project was implemented
Testing: Once entire project is developed we will test it.
Deployment: After testing, project will be deployed
Maintenance: For maintenance we will apply machine learning for faster response of website.

42 | P a g e
 3.2. Time Line Chart
July Aug 23 Sep 23 Oct 23 Nov 23
23

W4 W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W1 W2 W3 W4 W1 W2 W3 W4 W1 W2

Problem
Identification

Literature review
& Industrial
Survey

Project Proposal

Project Portfolio

Project Report

Presentation

Logbook

Expected Time Actual Time

43 | P a g e
 3.3. Gantt Chart
W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 W9 W10 W11 W12 W13 W14 W15 W16

Problem
Identification

Literature
review &
Industrial
Survey

Project Proposal

Project Portfolio

Project Report

Presentation

Logbook

3.4. Conclusion

Hence, waterfall model was selected and diagrams of our project was designed. We successfully
made the research and completed basics of our project and soon will commence the
implementation of project.

44 | P a g e
 Project
Proposal

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 Project Title
AI Based Stream Analysis for career choice Aptitude Tests
Rationale
1. Complexity of the Modern Job Market: In today's fast-paced and technology-driven
world, the job market is marked by constant change. New industries and career opportunities
emerge regularly, making it increasingly challenging for individuals to keep up with the
latest trends and make informed decisions. The project leverages AI to help individuals
navigate this complexity.

2. Personalization of Career Guidance: Traditional career assessments often use one-size-

fits-all approaches, neglecting the unique strengths, interests, and goals of individuals. The
project addresses this by offering personalized recommendations, recognizing that career
choices should align with individual attributes.

3. Data-Driven Decision-Making: The project capitalizes on the power of data and AI to

provide real-time insights into labor market trends, job demands, and industry growth. This
data-driven approach ensures that career recommendations remain relevant and up-to-date.

4. Addressing Information Overload: The internet is filled with a vast amount of information
about careers and education. This project helps users cut through the noise, offering tailored
education and training pathways that simplify the process of acquiring the right skills for
their chosen careers.

5. Empowering Goal Achievement: By facilitating goal setting and tracking, the project
empowers individuals to take charge of their career trajectories. This can lead to increased
motivation and accountability, driving them toward achieving their aspirations.

6. Enhanced Accessibility: The project's web and mobile applications make it widely
accessible to a diverse user base, including students, job seekers, and career changers. This
accessibility ensures that a broader range of individuals can benefit from its services.

7. Efficiency and Scalability: AI-driven career guidance offers an efficient and scalable
solution. It can serve a large number of users simultaneously, making it cost-effective and
potentially reducing the demand for in-person career counseling services.

8. Alignment with 21st-Century Workforce Needs: In a rapidly evolving job market, a

dynamic and data-driven approach aligns with the needs of the 21st-century workforce. It
equips individuals with the tools to adapt to changes and make informed choices.

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9. Reduction of Skills Mismatch: The project aims to mitigate the problem of skills mismatch,
where individuals pursue education or training paths that do not align with their chosen
careers. By providing targeted recommendations, it can contribute to reducing
underemployment.

10. Continuous Improvement: AI-based systems can continuously learn and improve over
time, making the project's recommendations increasingly accurate and beneficial as it
evolves.

In summary, the project's rationale lies in its ability to leverage AI and data analysis to address
the challenges of modern career decision-making. By offering personalized, data-driven
guidance and educational pathways, it empowers individuals to make informed choices in an
ever-changing job market, ultimately improving career outcomes and satisfaction.

Introduction
In today's rapidly evolving job market, choosing the right career path has become more
challenging than ever. With numerous industries, job roles, and educational opportunities to
consider, individuals often find themselves in a dilemma when deciding on a career that aligns
with their aptitudes and interests. To address this issue, the project "AI-Based Stream Analysis
for Career Choice Aptitude Tests" aims to provide a data-driven solution to help individuals
make informed career choices.

This innovative project leverages the power of artificial intelligence (AI) and data analysis to
streamline the career decision-making process. Traditional aptitude tests and career assessments
often rely on static, one-size-fits-all approaches. In contrast, this project incorporates AI
algorithms to tailor career recommendations based on individual strengths, preferences, and the
ever-changing job market.

 Purpose
The project's primary purpose is to offer individuals a personalized and data-driven tool for
making informed career choices. It aims to assess their unique strengths and interests and
provide tailored recommendations while simplifying education choices. Empowering goal
achievement, enhancing accessibility, and aligning with 21st-century workforce needs are key
objectives, along with reducing skills mismatch. The project's adaptability and continuous
improvement ensure that users receive up-to-date and relevant guidance in an ever-evolving job
market.

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  Scope
The project scope encompasses various aspects of career guidance, including aptitude
assessment, real-time data analysis, education and training pathways, and user-friendly
accessibility. It aims to offer comprehensive, individualized, and up-to-date career guidance,
addressing the challenges of traditional career assessment methods and meeting the needs of
today's dynamic job market.

Literature Survey
The gap in the research is that there is a need of studies examining the congruence between the
interests of automotive technology students and their chosen career pathways. While there have
been studies on the necessity of interest-environment congruence in career persistence and
change, there is a lack for research specifically focused on automotive technology students. This
study aims to overcome that gap by comparing the similarity of person and environment
measures and examining the congruence between students' interests and their chosen career paths

Problem Definition
The problem addressed by the "AI-Based Stream Analysis for Career Choice Aptitude Tests"
project is the inherent complexity and challenges individuals face when making career choices in
the modern world. Traditional career guidance methods often lack personalization, real-time
relevance, and can lead to misinformed choices. In addition, the overwhelming volume of career-
related information can hinder decision-making. The project's core problem is to provide
individuals with a solution that offers personalized, up-to-date, and relevant career
recommendations, aligns educational choices, tracks career goals, and ensures accessibility,
thereby addressing these longstanding challenges in career decision-making.

Proposed Methodology
The "AI-Based Stream Analysis for Career Choice Aptitude Tests" project employs a multi-
faceted methodology that integrates AI, data analysis, and user-centric design to achieve its
objectives. The following steps outline the proposed methodology:

1. Data Collection and User Profiling:

48 | P a g e
  Gather user data through interactive assessments, surveys, and user profiles to
understand individual strengths, interests, and goals.

 Ensure data privacy and obtain informed consent from users.

2. Real-Time Data Analysis:

 Continuously collect and analyze labor market data, including job demands,
industry growth, and emerging trends.

3. Educational Pathway Suggestions:

 Suggest education and training pathways based on individual career choices and
existing skills.

 Integrate data from educational institutions to provide accurate course

recommendations.

4. User-Friendly Interface:

 Design user-friendly website that is accessible to a wide audience.

 Prioritize intuitive navigation and user experience.

5. Data Security and Privacy Measures:

 Implement robust data security measures to protect user information.

 Comply with relevant data privacy regulations and best practices.

6. Iterative Development:

 Continuously update and improve the platform based on user feedback and
evolving labor market conditions.

 Collaborate with career counselors and educators to enhance the system's

accuracy and usability.

7. Testing and Validation:

 Conduct thorough testing and validation to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness
of the AI-driven recommendations and educational pathways.

 Solicit feedback from users to identify areas for improvement.

The proposed methodology combines cutting-edge AI technology with user-centric design

principles to create a robust and dynamic platform that provides personalized, up-to-date career

49 | P a g e
guidance, aligns education with career objectives, and empowers users to achieve their goals in a
rapidly changing job market.

 Aim
The aim of the "AI-Based Stream Analysis for Career Choice Aptitude Tests" project is
to provide individuals with a data-driven resource that empowers them to make informed,
personalized, and successful career choices. By offering personalized career guidance,
streamlined education pathways, accessibility, and scalability, the project aims to bridge
the gap between traditional career assessments and the demands of the 21st-century
workforce. Its overarching goal is to help individuals navigate the complexities of the
modern job market, reduce skills mismatch, and ultimately make more informed and
fulfilling career decisions.

 Objective
 To study Holland’s career model
 Collect the data through questionnaire
 Analyse the data and apply AI algorithms
 Decision making

Resources

 Hardware
 Suitable computer system hardware.
 CPU: A multi-core processor with a clock speed of at least 2.5 GHz is recommended.
 RAM: At least 16 GB of RAM is recommended for running machine learning models.
 Web and Application Servers: These servers are responsible for hosting the web and
mobile applications, providing user interfaces, and managing the interaction between
users and the backend.
 User Devices: While not directly controlled by the project, users will access the platform
through their own hardware, such as personal computers, smartphones, and tablets.
Ensuring compatibility with a variety of user devices is essential.
 Database Servers: Database servers, such as relational databases or NoSQL databases,
are needed to store and manage user profiles, assessment results, and educational content.

 Software
 Operating System: The choice of the operating system for the servers and hosting
environment is essential. Options include Linux distributions (e.g., Ubuntu, CentOS) and
Windows Server, depending on the project's technical requirements.

50 | P a g e
  Web Development Frameworks: To create the web and mobile applications, web
development frameworks like Ruby on Rails, Django, or Node.js, along with front-end
frameworks such as React, Angular, or Vue.js, could be utilized.
 Database Management Systems: Database systems like MySQL, PostgreSQL,
MongoDB, or NoSQL databases would be required to store and manage user data,
assessment results, and educational content.
 AI and Machine Learning Libraries: For implementing AI algorithms and real-time
data analysis, software libraries and frameworks like TensorFlow, PyTorch, scikit-learn,
and natural language processing (NLP) libraries might be used.
 Programming Languages: Software development would require programming
languages like Python, JavaScript, and potentially others based on specific project needs.
 Text Editors and Integrated Development Environments (IDEs): Text editors like
Visual Studio Code or IDEs like JetBrains WebStorm for coding and development.

Action Plan

Planned start Planned finish

Weeks Details of activity
date date

1 Introduction to CPP 27/07 03/08

2 Problem Identification 04/08 10/08

Finalization of topic 11/08 17/08

3

Research paper finding & evaluation 18/08 31/08

4&5

Block diagram of project preparation 01/09 07/09

6

Literature review of research papers 08/09 28/09

7,8,9

10 Preparation of Portfolio 29/09 05/10

11 Submission of portfolio 06/10 12/10

12 & 13 Synopsis preparation 13/10 26/10

51 | P a g e
14 Project proposal preparation & submission 27/10 02/11

15 Presentation was prepared 03/11 05/11

16 Delivery of presentation & submission of Synopsis 06/11 09/11

Industrial
Survey &
Literature
Review
52 | P a g e
Sr. Title Author Year Dataset Methodol Findings / Resea Your
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public nce Gap ns
ation

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declare the that are
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This system the student,
is basically it will

53 | P a g e
 for the generate a
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54 | P a g e
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55 | P a g e
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56 | P a g e
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57 | P a g e
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58 | P a g e
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59 | P a g e
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63 | P a g e
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64 | P a g e
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65 | P a g e
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in the the failure guidance accurac in every
dataset rate by system. y rate cluster. The
which choosing a will be rate of
consists wrong enhance success in
of core career path. d and each of the
skills and addition clusters is
sub skills al calculated
such as features and that will
analytica will be be used for
l skills, used for department
logical recomm recommendat
reasonin ending ion purposes
g skills, a where there
mathema suitable w ill be a
tical departm higher
skills, ent and success rate
problem also the and a low
solving outliers failure rate.
skills, of the
program framew
ming ork will
skills, be
creativity remove
skills and d

67 | P a g e
 hardware graduall
skills. y.

10. Novel Lokesh S. 2015 The This is This system The The Career
Profe Katore, proposed supervised analyzes the accurac recommender
ssion Bhakti S. algorith learning psychologic y of the system is
al Ratnapar m gives algorithm al condition system developed
Caree khi, Dr. better and it is of the is 86%. with the help
r Jayant S. performa advanced students and Like of C4. 5
predi Umale nce when version of recommend C4.5 algorithms
ction applied Id3 them career. Algorit and splitting
and on algorithm. The Career hm, we of the node
reco dataset This recommend can are based on
mme of 200 algorithm is er system is look information
ndati students developed developed forward gain. Instead
on having by Ross with the to of batch
meth 12 Quinlan. It help of C4. rough learning
od for attributes uses the 5 set mode; pattern
indivi , which concept of algorithms theory mode
dual affects Id3 and splitting for learning is
throu the algorithm of of the node implem preferred.
gh career. information are based on entation The accuracy
analyt The entropy [2]. information of such of the system
ics on accuracy It splits the gain. systems is 86%. Like
perso shown Training . C4.5
nal by the data with Algorithm,
Traits system is the help of we can look
using 86%. information forward to
C4.5 The gain. Those rough set
Algor accuracy attributes theory for
ithm may vary which is implementati
dependin having high on of such
g on the frequency is systems.
datasets considered
provided. for splitting
Here the data
Attribute based on the
depicts information
the Skills available in

68 | P a g e
 like the dataset
honesty,
team
work,
leadershi
p, etc.

11. Smart Pasan 2020 The The system The main It Smart
Learn Kamburu availabili focuses on objective of works Student
ing gamuwa, ty of uplifting this to Guidance
Guida educatio research is
Walakulu student provide System is
nce nal data to guide
Syste Gamage has been performanc students smart essential for
m for A.I.S,Dis growing e by using through the learning undergraduat
Unive sanayaka rapidly, different assessments guidanc es in order to
rsity W. and there aspects of and enhance e find the best
Stude R,Ahame is a need student the GPA system possible
nts d M. M. to interaction accordingly for solutions to
analyze by
I,Ms. with the Univers student’s
huge identifying
Lasantha amounts academic the ity questions
Abesiri of data process. AI- difficulties students arise in the
and Ms. generate Based Mark faced by academic
Nadeesa d Advisor and them with years. The
Premadas from this Lecture how much student GPA
a educatio content effort they analyzer is
nal should put
identifier is capable of
ecosyste in order to
m for the main achieve the making
somethin approach target. To predictions of
g special that implement the next
and students can this, there semesters
useful. find will be a GPA based
Machine academic mobile on the past
Learning application
progress of data which
and along with
Natural each the web will help
Languag student. To application students to
e conclude, to get data choose the
processin the entire and display modules and
g system is the also subject
can be processed
supported streams most
used to data. The
analyze by these proposed of the time.

69 | P a g e
those four system will This also
data and components use the helps the
make which may machine academic
predictio learning
help the staff to make
ns about algorithms
future. undergradua along with future
Using tes to the artificial decisions to
these achieve the intelligence adopt
techniqu expected to get the considering
es we GPA. 1) AI- results. the current
can Based Mark 1. Finding student
predict which
Advisor 2) performance
quite lecture
accuratel AI-Based related to in the certain
y Lectures the batch. The
the Identifier 3) question, multi - linear
outcome AI-Based which is regression in
of the Human- effective in this module
student’s Like uplifting the make the key
final academic
Interactive role in this
CGPA, performanc
student University es of part as it
estimate Chat-Bot university gives the
d and 4) students. most accurate
workload Estimated 2. Predict GPA
for each Student the prediction for
subject, Workload academic the students.
help results
Calculator.
students regarding
to In this the past
identify section, results
the there will be using the
lecture a brief machine
that the introduction learning
questions algorithms.
of what we
came 3. Number
from and have done of hours
answer to he/she must
to real- implement be put in
time those effort in
questions components order to
from the and also the achieve the
student target
machine
perspecti weekly.
learning 4.Give real-
ve. modules we time

70 | P a g e
 have used to answers to
build these students
components questions
. based on the
lecture
content and
other
academic
activities.

12. Influe Beresaw 2023 Artificial Vocational Artificial - This paper

nce Belestie intelligen education intelligence has assessed
of Degu,Wa ce is one produces is a machine the influence
Artifi of the working or system
ng of artificial
cial major force that exhibit
Intelli Zhongmi aspects personnel behavior as intelligence
gence n and of for different equal as development
on Zhao modern companies human on
Auto Wenping life about and intelligence. automotive
motiv which enterprises. On the other major in
e most Therefore, word, it vocational
Major people teaching refers to
education
in have curriculum machines,
Vocat some of robots and curriculum.
ional degree of vocational software Different
Educ awarenes education systems literatures
ation s. has to fit the which related to
Traini In the requirement independent vocational
ng current s of ly process education and
era of companies tasks and
artificial
artificial and problems
intelligen enterprises without the intelligence
ce and to mitigate help of development
ever the human has been
hasty influence beings. The collected and
pace of made by AI. current qualitative
technolo The existing social analysis by
gy automotive developmen
using
innovatio curriculum t is through
n; is unable to artificial MAXQDA
economi catch the intelligence. has been
c rapid Artificial done.
develop changes intelligence Humankind
ment, made by the such as has the ability
employm industries, internet of
to create and

71 | P a g e
ent, consequentl things, big learn new
competiti y, it is data and things due to
veness, concluded cloud the inborn
and that it needs computing,
capabilities.
vocation to be smart
al restructured products, The
educatio with core smart innovation
n and courses of homes, and
training artificial smart development
schools intelligence robots, in use of
impacted with the smart toys, machine has
incredibl cross autonomous
been through
y hard integration vehicles and
which of intelligent different
implies disciplines buildings stages.
teaching to cultivate have Intelligent
in higher highly emerged as machines are
vocation skilled and a result it made to
al comprehens changes complete
educatio ive talented people's
tasks without
n and graduates. lives,
universit To be able education help from
y needs to reduce and labor human.
to be the gap, market
restructu automotive requirement
red. has to . This
Artificial include the demand
intelligen basics of AI emerged
ce is into its due to the
incredibl teaching transformati
y curriculum on of
importan such as industrial
t since it smart structure
can be technology and
used to products, inclusion of
do work big data, new
which physics, technologie
difficult programmin s. The
for g, cloud employer
human computing, has rigorous
being. deep requirement
The learning and s for
current trending vocational
direction technologie graduates to
of social s. recruit.
develop Furthermore

72 | P a g e
 ment , close
is use of cooperation
smart of
technolo vocational
gies school and
industry is
crucial to
strengthen
transfer of
AI
knowledge
through
learning by
doing
principle in
company
practices.
Therefore,
there should
be changes
according to
the current
technology
changes in
school
education as
a whole to
not let AI
obsolete its
trainings.

13. Artifi Srijana 2020 Artificial The rise of Man-made - AI is a super

cial Shet and Intellige AI has been wit usually force, and
Intelli Suman nce is a generally referred to understandin
gence method determined as Artificial
Antony g it permits
for of by one Intelligence
Every Lasrado making a apparatus in (A.I.) may you to do
Indivi PC, a PC AI called be a things that
dual? controlle machine multidiscipl not many
It’s d robot, learning. inary field individuals
Easy or a The most whose on the planet
if product generally objective is can. AI is at
You that utilized to robotize

73 | P a g e
Do it thinks kind of exercises the focal
Smart insightfu machine that directly point of
lly, in the learning is a need human another
compara sort of AI insight. A.I
venture to
ble way that learns is
the A to B, or dynamical construct
clever contribution the method computationa
people to yield we have a l models of
think. AI mappings. tendency to insight. The
is This is work and fundamental
practiced called live. supposition
by supervised whether or
that will be
concentr learning. not you
ating on How about wish to that
how the we see a understand knowledge
human few models. what’s (human or
cerebrum Stage 1: behind the something
thinks, Frame the buzzwords else) can be
and how problem or whether spoken to
people Stage 2: or not you
regarding
learn, Collect the wish to
choose, raw data maybe use image
and work required for AI yourself structures and
while your either in an representative
attemptin problem exceedingly activities
g to Stage 3: personal which can be
tackle Process the context or modified in
an issue, data for in an
an advanced
and analysis exceedingly
afterwar Stage 4: corporation PC. There is
d Explore the or different a lot of
utilizing data organization discussion
the Stage 5: . In line with respect
results of Perform in- with a study to whether
this depth by
such a
investiga analysis McKinsey
tion as a Stage 6: Internationa suitably
premise Communica l Institute, customized
of te results of AI is PC would be
creating the analysis calculable a psyche, or
smart to form a would only
program further mimic one,
ming thirteen
yet AI
and trillion US
framewo bucks scientists
rks. useful need not sit

74 | P a g e
While annually by tight for the
exploitin the year end to that
g the 2030. banter, nor
intensity Despite the
for the
of the PC fact that AI
framewo is already speculative
rks, the making PC that could
interest tremendous display all of
of amounts human
humans, useful to be insight.
led him created in
to an
ponder, exceedingly
"Can future lies
a outside the
machine software
think and system
carry on trade. In
as people sectors, like
do?" retail,
Along travel,
these transportati
lines, the on,
advance automotive,
ment of materials,
AI began producing
with the then on. the
goal of intense
making issue zones
comparat cared-for in
ive an
knowled exceedingly
ge in . Here in
machines this paper, I
that we have tried to
find and allow a way
respect of AI
high in technologie
people. s and what
they will do
or cannot do
and can also
be
accustomed
to build
valuable

75 | P a g e
 skills.
14. A M. 2020 Data is It is claimed In the - The field of
Revie Vignesh common that future, artificial
w on and K. thing Artificial intelligent intelligence
Artifi between Intelligence machines
Thanesh gives the
cial Human is playing will replace
Intelli and an or enhance ability to the
gence Artificial increasing human machines to
(AI) Intellige role in the capabilities think
is nce, research of in many analytically,
Futur where managemen areas. using
e every t science Artificial concepts.
Gener part of and intelligence
Tremendous
ation data operational is the
needs to research intelligence contribution
develop areas. exhibited by to the various
our skill. Intelligence machines or areas has
It is also is software. It been made by
similar to commonly is the the Artificial
artificial considered subfield of Intelligence
intelligen as the computer
techniques
ce but ability to science.
the small collect Artificial from the last
different knowledge Intelligence 2 decades.
is, it can and reason is becoming Artificial
able to about a popular Intelligence
manipula knowledge field in will continue
te the to solve computer to play an
data complex science as it
increasingly
efficientl problems. has
y that is In the near enhanced important
only Future the human role in the
thing is Generation life in many various
special many of areas. fields. This
fields was Artificial paper is
replaced by intelligence
based on the
AI in the last
(Artificial two decades concept of
Intelligence has greatly artificial
) especially improved intelligence,
in the performanc areas of
medicinal e of the artificial
field. manufacturi intelligence
John ng and
and the
McCarthy service
coined the systems. artificial
intelligence

76 | P a g e
term in Study in the techniques
1956 as area of used in the
branch of artificial field of
computer intelligence
Power
science has given
concerned rise to the System
with rapidly Stabilizers
making growing (PSS) to
computers technology maintain
behave like known as system
humans. It expert stability and
is the study system.
damping of
of the Application
computation areas of oscillation
that makes Artificial and provide
it possible Intelligence high- quality
to perceive is having a performance,
reason and huge impact in the
act. on various Network
Artificial fields of life
Intrusion
intelligence as expert
is different system is Detection to
from widely used protect the
psychology these days network from
because it to solve the intruders, in
emphasis on complex the medical
computation problems in area in the
and is various
field of
different areas as
from science, medicine, for
computer engineering, medical
science business, image
because of medicine, classification,
its emphasis weather in the
on forecasting.
accounting
perception, The areas
reasoning employing databases,
and action. the and described
It makes technology how these AI
machines of Artificial techniques
smarter and Intelligence are used in
more useful. have seen computer
It works an increase
games to
with the in the
help of quality and solve the
artificial efficiency. common

77 | P a g e
neurons This paper problems and
(artificial gives an to provide
neural overview of features to
network) this
the games so
and technology
scientific and the as to have
theorems (if application fun.
then areas of this
statements technology.
and offering
real
practical
benefits in
many of
their
applications
. Major
Artificial
Intelligence
areas are
Expert
Systems,
Natural
Language
Processing,
Speech
Understandi
ng,
Robotics
and Sensory
Systems,
Computer
Vision and
Scene.
Recognition
, Intelligent
Computer-
Aided
Instruction,
Neural
Computing.
From these
Expert
System is a
rapidly
growing

78 | P a g e
 technology
which is
having a
huge impact
on various
fields of
life. The
various
techniques
applied in
artificial
intelligence
are Neural
Network,
Hybrid
Logic,
Evolutionar
y
Computing,
and Hybrid
Artificial
Intelligence.
15. Ethic Mr.Soha 2020 Modern Artificial Use Case The It should now
s in m Artificial Intelligence Unethical relation be evident
Artifi Shripad Intellige (AI), a field Use Ethical ship that
cial nce of computer Use legislative
Gumaste betwee
Intelli allows science Facial steps need to
gence and computer enabling Recognition n the be
and Ms.Madh s to learn computers Surveillance Ethics taken now to
Mach uri Pote by to be better Catching in ensure that
ine themselv than criminals, Artifici the field of
Learn es. It has humans at Finding al AI heads in
ing been traditionally missing Intellig the right
demonstr human persons direction. We
ence
ated that tasks, is a Court believe
with this developing System and privacy
technolo field and Unfair Machin should be
gy, hence it is verdicts e declared a
computer of based Learnin fundamental
s can utmost on race g human right,
outperfor importance Fair, putting an
m to establish expedited end to the
humans a guideline justice privacy
in for ethical Media invading
human- practices Generate practices of
like tasks going biased, the data

79 | P a g e
like forward. It sensationali giants.
identifyi can be used zed articles Next,
ng ethically to Generate companies
objects maximize articles should be
in an quality of without any regulated so
image. life bias as to disallow
Hence, it in every Home intrusive
is clear aspect such Assistants tracking
that this as health- Listening to practices.
technolo care, every Companies
gy can a transport conversatio manufacturin
bane or a and city n g home
boon to planning. Efficiently assistants
humanity However, managing should be
, both on unethically, home required to
indefinit it can be appliances keep all user
ely large used to Governance data within
scales. gather data Silencing the
Consequ and spy on public user’s home
ently, it individuals opinion network.
is violating Efficiently Lastly, India
importan their managing should also
t to personal welfare pioneer an
discuss space, as an schemes international
ethical enabler of Warfare No treaty
practices an ethical use, banning the
in this Orwellian must be use of AI
developi state and as banned weapons in
ng field. a means of warfare.
war. Action Apart from
needs to be legislation,
taken public
now to education too
ensure AI is plays a
used critical
ethically. role in
We describe ensuring
some ethical AI.
ethical and
unethical
uses cases
and propose
some laws
and
regulations
to

80 | P a g e
 ensure
ethical use
of AI in the
future.
16. Artifi Rishita - For Artificial AI methods - AI is often
cial Jain, speech Intelligence are applied defined in
Intelli Divya understa (AI) for speech terms of the
gence nding, involves recognition. problems it
Nahata,
Tech and more two basic Speech studies. But
nique Priyanka generally ideas. recognition in
s Mangal , AI First, it (in many fact, AI is not
approach involves contexts, the study of
es studying the also known intelligent
have thought as behavior etc.,
seemed processes of automatic it is a way
more human speech to study it.
promisin beings. recognition, This is
g than Second, it computer evident from
tradition deals with speech the way AI is
al representing recognition done
science those or voice inpractice.
and processes recognition) This paper
engineeri via is the illustrates this
ng. This machines process of by
is (computers, converting a contrasting
probably robots, etc). speech AI and
because AI is the signal to a alternative
AI behavior of set of approaches to
methodol a words, by speech
ogy machine, means of an understandin
exploits which, if algorithm g. By so
introspec performed implemente doing it
tion by a human d as a brings out
(§2.2) being, computer some key
and would be program characteristic
aesthetic called s of AI
consider intelligent. methodology.
ations It makes This paper is
(§2.3), machines primarily
both of smarter and written for a
which more useful, general AI
seem to is less audience
provide expensive interested in
the right than natural methodologic
answers intelligence. alissues,
with Natural complementi

81 | P a g e
relatively Language ng previous
little Processing work (Cohen
e_ort.Ho (NLP) 1991; Brooks
wever AI refers to 1991a). It is
methodol Artificial also written
ogy has Intelligence for any AI
not methods of researchers
fulfilled communicat who are
this ing with a contemplatin
promise computer in g starting a
for a natural project in
speech. language speech
The like understandin
engineeri English. g
ng The main
approach objective of
, a NLP
in program is
contrast, to
has understand
produced input and
solid and initiate
impressi action. The
ve input words
results.T are scanned
he and
significa matched
nce of against
this is internally
not stored
obvious. known
words.
Identificatio
n
of a
keyword
causes some
action to be
taken. In
this way,
one
can
communicat
e with
computer in
one

82 | P a g e
 language.
17. The Mr. 2020 In the This Considering - Research on
Worl Alvyn world of research or the existing how a human
d of Abranche ML and survey Artificial taste, feel and
Quant DL and paper how Intelligence smell with
s and Dr.
um the QAI (AI) the
Artifi Rajeshree overall can change technology functionality
cial Khande concept the way of in the of QM, is
Intelli of looking of current done by
gence AI, we Machine scenario has many
- the are in a Intelligence been researchers
Smart phase and reaching the
and where what ultimate
Faster we can betterments stage where
Way simulate the QAI can some minor
to the bring Computers
Reac computer compared to changes
h s the won’t
Artifi that it disadvantag affect the
cial can act es of the overall
Gener as existing working of
al humans, systems and the current
Intelli but the hence will system.
gence fact is provide Therefore,
that they some we
are suitable need some
cannot solutions different
clone the for the advanced
actual same. It will technology
human then go into that works
brain and how we better
reach the can put our than the
ultimate human existing
suprema sense system.
cy of the intelligence That can
human into QCs to only be
brain and make the Quantum
also Intelligence Computers
can’t to feel, taste (QCs) and a
match and smell replacement
the which to the
speed of cannot be existing AI
Human done with can be
Intellige Classical Quantum
nce. Computers. AI (QAI).
With It will go

83 | P a g e
 machine through the
learning disadvantag
algorith es of
ms we vision and
have hearing in
proven the existing
that a AI and how
machine it doesn’t
can learn act as
by human
itself. intelligence
does it and
how it can
be
overcome
by QAI.
It will
further
expand on
the changes
we need in
the current
classical
systems and
find out
how we can
get faster
responsive
machines
compared to
the existing
ones.
18. A Nishika 2017 There is Much of the In the last - We conclude
Litera Gupta an research few years, that further
ture endless covered in there has research in
Surve exciting this review been an this
y on new could be arrival of area can be
Artifi research applicable large done as there
cial in the to amount of are very
Intelli field of developing software promising
gence Artificial strong AI. that utilizes and profitable
Intellige Creating a elements of results that
nce; this machine artificial are obtainable
review is capable of intelligence. from such
far from understandi Subfields of techniques,
a global ng the AI such as while

84 | P a g e
summary concepts Machine scientists
of the behind the Learning, have not yet
progress words is Natural realized the
made in important Language full potential
the last because it processing, and ability
decade. allows for Image of artificial
There more Processing intelligence.
also humanlike and Data This
scores of conversatio mining have technology
fields ns as well become an and its
within as improved important applications
AI. translation. topic for will likely
There is today’s tech have far-
also giants. reaching
fascinating Machine effects on
research Learning is human
into actively life in the
detecting being used years to
human in come. This
emotions Google’s review has
through predictive not attempted
audio and search bar, to
video cues. in the Gmail detail all the
In spam filer, literature in
particular, in the area but
this Netflix’s to report
paper show mainly the
provides a suggestions. most recent
full review Natural work
of recent Language
developmen Processing
ts within the exists in
field of Apple’s Siri
artificial and Google
intelligence voice.
and its Image
applications Processing
. The work is necessary
is for
targeted at facebook’s
new facial
aspirants to recognition
the artificial tagging
intelligence software
field. and in
Google’s

85 | P a g e
 self driving
cars.
19. Artifi R. 2019 It is the AI can be Artificial - Learning
cial Sridevika process categorized intelligence without any
Intelli and G. in which as either is a science kind of
gance one weak or and supervision
Kannan
perceives strong. technology requires an
and tries Weak AI, based on ability to
to arrive also known disciplines identify
at as narrow such as patterns in
a desired AI, is an AI Computer streams of
solution system that Science, inputs,
from a is designed Biology, whereas
present and trained Psychology, learning with
situation for a Linguistics, adequate
by taking particular Mathematic supervision
some task. Virtual s, and involves
path, personal Engineering classification
which is assistants, . A major and
blocked such as thrust of numerical
by Apple's Siri, AI is in the regressions.
known or are a form developmen Classification
unknown of weak AI. t of determines
hurdles. Strong AI, computer the category
It is the also functions an object
process known as associated belongs to
of artificial with human and
acquiring general intelligence, regression
, intelligence, such as deals with
interpreti is an AI reasoning, obtaining a
ng, system learning, set of
selecting, with and numerical
and generalized problem input or
organizin human solving. output
g sensory cognitive examples,
informati abilities. thereby
on. When discovering
presented functions
with an enabling the
unfamiliar generation of
task, a suitable
strong AI outputs from
system is respective
able to find inputs.
a Robotics is
solution also a major

86 | P a g e
 without field related
human to AI. Robots
intervention require
. intelligence
to handle
tasks such as
object
manipulation
and
navigation,
along with
sub-problems
of
localization,
motion
planning and
mapping
20. A Abhijith 2023 A it aims to KNN (K- - A complete
Mach V Nair, distribute prevent Nearest systematic
ine Mr.Eldho d denial legitimate Neighbors) approach for
Learn of users from algorithm is detection of
se K
ing service accessing a non- the DDoS
Based Paul, (DDoS) her website parametric attack we got
Classi Chandral attack isa and servers. and Improved
ficati ekha j, subclass DDoS can instance- Network
on Mr.Eldho of a also beused based Security,
and se K Paul denial of as a pretext machine Faster
Predi and service for various learning Response
ction (DoS) malicious algorithm Time,
Govind G
Tech attack. sports, that is often Enhanced
nique Das DDoS shutting used for Risk
for attacks down classificatio Management
DDo involve protective n problems. etc.. First, we
S multiple devices, and The selected
Attac interconn violating a algorithm the UNSW-
ks ected target's works by nb15 dataset
using online protective finding the from the
KNN devices, perimeter. K nearest GitHub
and collectiv Classify and instances to repository
Naïve ely predict the input that
Bayes known as DDoS instance in contains
Algor botnets, attacks the information
ithm that are using a training about the
used machine data, and DDoS
to attack learning then attacks.
targeted approach. I predicting Python and

87 | P a g e
 websites used Naive the class of jupyter
with Bayes and the input notebook
bogus KNN instance were used to
traffic. algorithms. based on the workon data
Unlike UNSW- majority wrangling .w
other nb15 record class among e
types of on the K normalized
cyberatta GitHub 1 nearest the dataset
cks, with instances. for the
DDoS functional KNN does algorithm.
attacks data on not make After data
do not DDoS any normalization
attempt attacks. assumptions , we applied
to Design a about the the proposed ,
breach framework underlying supervised,
your for DDoS data machine
perimete attack distribution, learning
r. classificatio and it can approach.
n and work well The model
prediction with noisy generated
based on and prediction
existing complex and
datasets data. classification
using outcomes
machine from the
learning supervised
techniques algorithm.
21. Artifc Feng Li 2023 These In this To future - Cloud
ial and are paper, we research computing
intelli Caohui compose investigate will and artificial
gence d of 100 the movable combine intelligence
Wang
and e students information deep are now
dge chosen managemen learning and widely used
comp from a t system decision for classroom
uting variety utilized in making teaching in
for te of the digital technologie higher
achin special teaching s in learning
g effects. using edge teaching institutes.
qualit Analyze computing and learning The digital
y which and 5G with the teaching
evalu later wireless internet supported to
ation stage communicat English ICT
based course ion learning technologies
on 5 correspo technology. scheme and in colleges
G- nds to Furthermore modify it to serves as a
enabl the , we explain enhance central point

88 | P a g e
ed objective the idea of a practicabilit for the
wirel here. To mobile data y and assist advancement
ess put it scheme and lecturers in of modern
com another presents a monitoring education;
muni way, it is teaching students’ and has
cation possible platform attendance become as a
techn to group based on the records, mode of
ology students edge maintaining instruction
based on computing classroom and an
their and 5G- discipline, approach to
classroo enabled and teaching.
m wireless improving With this, the
educatio communicat the online future seems
n. ion English bright
technology. classroom
The main method.
objective of
this work is
to develop a
digital
teaching
framework
for college
students
that, in fact,
enables
digital
teaching,
the
collection,
and
incorporatio
n of
teaching
information,
the
provision of
modern
education,
and sharing
of
resources.
Cutting-
edge
technology
advancemen

89 | P a g e
ts in the
educational
platform
have the
potential to
improve 5G
communicat
ion. We
evaluated
the
proposed
system
through
reasonable
assumptions
and
numerical
simulations.
The
experimenta
l results
reveal that
the
suggested
system has
signifcantly
improved
the teaching
efciency
with which
digital
teaching
managemen
t is
managed in
colleges.
Moreover,
the edge
and 5G
technology
can
significantly
improve the
system
performanc
e, in terms

90 | P a g e
 of response
time, that
can be as
high as
11.45%
when
compared to
non-cloud
based
approaches
22. A Feras A. 2021 presents Accordingly In some AI - Artifcial
surve Batarseh, the , albeit a subareas, Intelligence
y Laura methods rising and there are (AI)
on art reviewed novel area, known algorithms
Freemana
ifcial , along this manu- issues to be are
intelli nd with script tackled by increasingly
gence Chih-Hao their first provides a AI providing
assur Huang author’s systematic assurance, decision
ance last review of such as making and
name, research deep operational
publishin works that learning’s support
g venue, are relevant sensitivity across
AI to AI to multiple
subarea, assurance, adversarial domains. AI
as well between attacks, as includes a
as the years 1985 well as wide (and
score and 2021, overftting growing)
(sum of and aims to and library of
ten provide a underftting algorithms
metrics). structured issues in that could be
Other alternative machine applied for
aspects to the learning. different
such as landscape. Based on problems.
domain A new AI that and on
of assurance the papers
applicati defnition is reviewed in
on were adopted and this survey,
missing presented, it is evident
from and that AI
many assurance assurance is
papers methods are a necessary
and contrasted pursuit, but
inconsist and a difcult and
ent, tabulated. multi-
therefore Additionall faceted area
, we y, a ten- to address.

91 | P a g e
didn’t metric However,
include scoring previous
them in system is experiences,
the table. developed successes,
Addition and and failures
ally, we introduced can point us
consider to evaluate to what
ed and would work
citations compare well and
per existing what is
paper. methods. worth
However Lastly, in pursuing.
, the data this Accordingly
on manuscript, , we suggest
citations we provide performing
(for a foundationa and
250+pap l insights, developing
ers discussions, AI
study) future assurance
were directions, a by (1)
incomple road- map, domain, by
te and and (2) AI sub
difcult to applicable area, and by
fnd in recommend (3) AI goal
many ations for
cases. the
For developmen
many of t and
the deployment
papers, of AI
we did assurance
not have
informati
on on
how
many
times
they
were
cited,
because
many
publisher
s failed
to index
their

92 | P a g e
 papers
across
consisten
t venues
(e.g.,
Scopus,
MedLine
, Web of
Science,
and
others)
23. Artifc Chien-Ch 2023 Backgro Tis review Sustainable - One outcome
ial ang Lin, und, paper education is of using AI
intelli Anna Y. What are conceptuali a crucial and
gence the key zation aspect of Information
Q. Huang
in int challeng process is creating a Technology
ellige and es to based on the sustainable (IT) systems
nt Owen H. sustainab book future, yet it in sustainable
tutori T. le “Qualitative faces education is
ng educatio Research several key the ability to
syste n?, from Start challenges, provide
ms Defne to Finish” including students with
towar the title by Yin inadequate personal- ized
d sust and (2015) with infrastructur learning
ainabl focused the e, limited experiences
e key areas analytical resources, that cater to
educa of the methodolog and a lack their unique
tion: surveyed y mentioned of learning
a syst papers., in (Chatti awareness styles and
emati Defne et al., and preferences.
c the 2012). Te engagement Additionally,
revie source of overall . Artifcial AI systems
w selecting paper intelligence can provide
papers, review (AI) has the teachers with
Defne methodolog potential to data-driven
the y and address insights into
keyword content these student
s, framework challenges performance,
screenin follows the and enhance emotions, and
g PRISMA sustainable engagement
criteria, education levels,
and year by enabling
range of improving them to tailor
the access to their teaching
surveyed quality methods and
papers. education, approaches or

93 | P a g e
 creating provide
personalize assistance or
d learning intervention
experiences, accordingly.
and However, the
supporting use of AI and
data-driven IT systems in
decision- sustainable
making education
also presents
challenges,
includ- ing
issues related
to privacy
and data
security, as
well as
potential
biases in
algorithms
and machine
learning
models
24. On Anna 2020 This article technology - Strategic
the Trunk, is the first is designed organizationa
curre Hendrik to focus on to have l decision
nt the current capabilities making in
Birkel
state status of beyond today’s
of Evi research those of complex
comb Hartmann about AI’s traditional world is a
ining potential to machines, dynamic
huma become a the effects process
n and support in on the characterized
artific strategic division of by
ial organization tasks and uncertainty.
intelli al decision the Therefore,
gence making, that definition of diverse
for is, group roles groups of
strate decision established responsible
gic making in the employees
organ under current deal with the
izatio uncertainty. human– large amount
nal g this machine and variety of
decisi technology relationship information,
on requires are which must
maki human discussed be acquired

94 | P a g e
ng decision with and
makers increasing interpreted
to change awareness. correctly to
their role Based on a deduce
and become systematic adequate
translators literature alternatives.
and review,
interpreters combined
of the with content
results analysis,
rather than this article
only provides an
supervising overview of
the machine the
with the possibilities
execution of that current
a predefined research
process. identifies
This also for
implies an integrating
increase in AI into
responsibilit organization
y and al decision
change in making
the skills under
needed. uncertainty.
Therefore, The
the findings are
way in summarized
which to in a
view AI conceptual
will heavily model that
depend on first
how explains
humans how
view humans can
themselves use AI for
(Mueller decision
2012), making
while its under
benefits uncertainty
also greatly and then
depend on identifies
the context the
and goal. challenges,
While pre-

95 | P a g e
Lawrence’s conditions,
(1991) and
framework consequenc
of es that must
complexity be
and considered.
politicality While
is expected research on
to remain, organization
the resulting al
applications structures,
might the choice
further of AI
change with application,
the and the
developmen possibilities
t of the of
technology knowledge
as a managemen
learning t is
algorithm extensive, a
clear
recommend
ation for
ethical
frameworks
, despite
being
defined as a
crucial
foundation,
is missing.
In addition,
AI, other
than
traditional
machines,
can amplify
problems
inherent in
the
decision-
making
process
rather than
help to

96 | P a g e
 reduce
them. As a
result, the
human
responsibilit
y increases,
while the
capabilities
needed
25. Explo Stefan A. 2017 This paper Many sets - The rise of AI
ring D. explores the of tasks that makes it
the Popenici phenomena are impossible to
impac of the currently ignore a
and
t of emergence placed at serious
artific Sharon of the use of the core of debate about
ial Kerr artificial teaching its future role
intelli intelligence practice in of teaching
gence in teaching higher and learning
on and learning education in higher
teachi in higher will be education and
ng education. It replaced by what type of
and investigates AI software choices
learni educational based on universities
ng in implications complex will make in
highe of emerging algorithms regard to this
r technologie designed by issue. The
educa s on the programmer fast pace of
tion way s that can technology
students transmit innovation
learn and their own and the
how biases or associated job
institutions agendas in displacement,
teach and operating acknowledge
evolve. systems. An d widely by
Recent ongoing experts in the
technologic critique and field (source),
al inquiry in implies that
advancemen proposed teaching in
ts and the solutions higher
increasing stay critical education
speed of to guarantee requires a
adopting that reconsiderati
new universities on of
technologie remain teachers’ role
s in higher institutions and
education able to pedagogies.

97 | P a g e
 are explored maintain The current
in order to civilization, use of
predict the promote, technological
future and develop solutions
nature of knowledge such as
higher and ‘learning
education in wisdom. management
a world systems’ or
where IT solutions
artificial to detect
intelligence plagiarism
is part of already raise
the fabric of the question
our of who sets
universities the
agenda for
teaching and
learning:
26. Visio G.-J. 2020 The rapid This journal The
n, Hwang et advancemen publishes advancement
challe al t of three of AI has
nges, computing categories brought
roles technologie of articles: computer-
and s has research supported
resear facilitated paper, education to a
ch the review new era. By
issues implementat papers, and incorporating
of ion of AIED position human
Artifi (Artificial papers. intelligence, a
cial Intelligence Research computer
Intelli in papers aim system could
gence Education) to publish serve as an
in applications full reports intelligent
Educ . AIED of tutor, tool, or
ation refers to the methodolog tutee as well
use of AI y and data as facilitating
(Artificial from decision
Intelligence original making in
) research educational
technologie about AI settings. The
s or algorithms integration of
application and AI and
programs in applications education
educational in will open up
settings to education, new
facilitate educational opportunities

98 | P a g e
teaching, data mining to vastly
learning, or methods, improve the
decision intelligent quality of
making. educational teaching and
With the applications learning.
help of AI , AI Teachers can
technologie education, benefit from
s, which AI-related intelligent
simulate ethical systems that
human issues, and aid in
intelligence other areas assessments,
to make related to data
inferences, this journal. collection,
judgments, Review enhancing
or papers aim learning
predictions, to provide a progress, and
computer comprehens developing
systems can ive new
provide overview of strategies.
personalize a specific Students can
d guidance, research benefit from
supports, or topic and a smart tutors
feedback to perspective and
students as on potential asynchronous
well as challenges, learning in
assisting opportunitie advancing
teachers or s, research learning
policymaker trends, and outcomes.
s in making future Additionally,
decisions. directions in the
Although the field. A integration of
AIED has review AI and
been paper Education is
identified as submitted not only a
the primary should be transformatio
research within the n of
focus in the scope of the education but
field of journal. also a
computers Position transformatio
and papers aim n of human
education, to present knowledge,
the an arguable cognition,
interdiscipli opinion, a and cultures.
nary nature new idea, As such, AI
of AIED an in Education
presents a innovative is becoming a

99 | P a g e
 unique pedagogical primary
challenge /system research
for model, or a focus in the
researchers new field of
with conceptual computers
different framework and education
disciplinary about the
background research
s. In this topics of
paper, we this journal.
present the Although a
definition position
and roles of paper does
AIED have to
studies from include data
the that
perspective supports the
of proposed
educational opinion, its
needs. We arguments
propose a and ideas
framework must be
to show the logically
consideratio valid and
ns of convincing
implementi
ng AIED in
different
learning and
teaching
settings.
The
structure
can help
guide
researchers
with both
computers
and
education
background
s in
conducting
AIED
studies
27. Role AzizuGh 2023 recruited We Future - Scientific

100 | P a g e
of ofar high recruited research competency
induc Candra school high school perspectives and inductive
tive Wicakson students students (n include reasoning are
reaso (n = 613) = 613) in exploring two of key
o a, Erzs
ning, in Indonesia, how other achievement
gende ´ebet Indonesi who educational goals in
r, Korom a completed variables science
learni b,c online and learning. The
ng scientific strategies fact that
satisf competency influence inductive
action and the reasoning
, and inductive developmen exerts a
educa reasoning t of strong effect
tional tests, and scientific on scientific
and questionnair competenci competency
career es on es. makes it an
prefer learning important
ence satisfaction factor that
in and cannot be
predi educational ignored in
cting and career teaching and
scient preference. learning. As
ific The such, the
comp scientific development
etenc competency of scientific
y in and competency
high inductive and inductive
schoo reasoning reasoning
l tests should be
demonstrate encouraged,
d acceptable especially in
construct the
validity and Indonesian
an context due
acceptable to the
Rasch fit difficulty
index (with experienced
an infit by the
mean students
square during task
value completion.
ranging Many
from 0.86 to predictors
1.29). The have the
results potential to
indicate that influence

101 | P a g e
scientific scientific
competency competency
is and inductive
associated reasoning
with ability, such
inductive as gender,
reasoning (β satisfaction
= 0.63, p < during the
0.01) and is learning
slightly process, and
affected by even future
gender. In education and
addition, we career
found small preference.
effects of Thus,
education including
preference these
and learning predictive
satisfaction factors in the
on inductive educational
reasoning, process could
whereas provide
career opportunities
preference for
is strongly developing
related to inductive
educational reasoning and
preference. scientific
These competency
findings among
supported students.
the claim Despite these
that the results, this
developmen study has its
t of limitation.
scientific The first is
competency the sample
in high size and
school context,
should whereas the
involve level of
inductive influence of
reasoning each
and other predictors on
predictors. inductive
reasoning

102 | P a g e
 ability and
scientific
competency
may differ
when
examined in
various
contexts and
with various
sample sizes.
A possibility
also exists for
the addition
of other
predictors for
the model to
obtain
insightful
information
about the
extent of the
impact of
socio-cultural
and
psychological
aspects in
predicting
inductive
reasoning
ability and
scientific
competency.
28. AI & Venkat 2022 Rapid (i) learning- The preferred
learni Srinivasa progress in oriented, future for
ng: A n AI including AIED
prefer technologie learners, proposed in
red s has teachers, this paper
future generated educational addresses the
considerabl institutions, challenges
e interest in tutors, with AI
their peers, identified
potential to parents and earlier. First,
address para it is based on
challenges educators; an inclusive
in every (ii) definition of
field and institutional machine

103 | P a g e
education is operations intelligence.
no oriented We specify
exception. financial machine
Improving aid, intelligence
learning retention, to be a
outcomes learner combination
and experience; of expert
providing (iii) policy knowledge
relevant oriented and
education to including knowledge
all have government acquired from
been al data. This
dominant intervention definition
themes s, subsidies, addresses
universally, competitive issues
both in the assessments relating to
developed like MCAS bias and the
and in the U.S. need for large
developing amounts of
world. And data. If an AI
they have modeling
taken on effort starts
greater with expert
significance knowledge
in the which is an
current era accumulation
of of many
technology years of
driven experience, it
personalizat cuts down the
ion. need to
Learning discover all
outcomes intelligence
have from data and
however will reduce
stagnated in the amount of
the U.S. and data needed.
have It will also
remained dramatically
relatively reduce the
low in the bias in the AI
developing model.
world. In Second, we
their 2020 specify that
annual all AI models
letter, Bill used must be

104 | P a g e
and explainable.
Melinda This
Gates point addresses the
out that issue of black
despite box
spending recommendat
billions they ions and
have not findings
seen the which will
kind of face
progress significant
they user adoption
expected issues. There
with may be areas
learning where
outcomes in explainable
k-12 models may
education in not be needed
public and in these
schools cases, the
(CNBC, modelers are
2020). In obviously
India, each free to choose
year, the any approach
Annual that they find
Status of effective. We
Education must stress of
report course that
reports in the
India’s requirement
public for
schools, a explainability
5th grader is does not
unable to imply a
read 2nd compromise
grade text for model
(ASER, performance.
2019). In our
Recently, experience,
the Central we have
Square always been
Foundation able to build
(Central explainable
Square models that
Foundation, performed as
2020) found well or better

105 | P a g e
 that compared to
learning black box
outcomes in approaches.
private
schools in
India, while
better
compared to
public
schools, are
still poor -
35% of
rural private
school
students in
Grade 5
cannot read
a grade 2
level
paragraph.
29. Stude Anne- 2021 Collectin On the basis The Career
nts’ Kathrin g career of Lent and findings of exploration
career Kleine , related Brown’s this meta- was
explo informat (2013) analysis positively
Antje
ration on model of highlight related to
: A Schmitt, career self- several career
meta- Barbara managemen implications decidedness
analy Wisse t (CSM), for the and perceived
sis the current further employability
meta- developmen and
analysis t of the negatively
examined CSM related to
the model, specific
antecedents future forms of
and research on decisional
outcomes of students’ distress. CSE,
career career extraversion,
exploration exploration, neuroticism,
among and career career
college developmen decidedness,
students (K t practice. and perceived
= 109, N = employability
34,969 were more
students). strongly
We found related to
support for environment

106 | P a g e
the than
applicability selfexploratio
of the CSM n, whereas
model to the openness to
context of experience
students’ was more
career strongly
exploration. associated
Specifically with self-
, positive exploration.
associations The results of
were found meta-analytic
for the path models
association suggest that
of the three career-
core person- exploratory
cognitive goals
variables mediated the
self-efficacy relationship
for career of both CSE
exploration and outcome
and expectations
decision- with career
making (rc exploration.
= 0.52), The results of
outcome relative
expectations weights
(rc = 0.31), analysis
and career- indicate that
exploratory CSE is the
goals (rc = strongest
0.42) with person-
career cognitive
exploration. predictor of
Results of career
path exploration.
analyses Finally, the
suggest that findings
the effects illuminate
of both self- person (i.e.,
efficacy and age, gender,
outcome and cultural
expectations background)
on career and study
exploration characteristic
are s (i.e.,

107 | P a g e
mediated by publication
career- status,
exploratory criterion
goals. subcategory)
Further, in that influence
line with the the strength
CSM of some
model, relationships
career considered.
exploration This meta-
was analysis has
positively potential to
related to stimulate
career- further
related research on
support (rc the
= 0.33) and application of
negatively the CSM
related to model to the
barriers (rc context of
= − 0.15). students’
Moreover, career
career exploration
exploration and
was encourage
associated career
with counselors to
important develop
career- environments
related that
outcomes, encourage
such as students to
career explore their
decidedness career options
(rc = 0.22), and
and themselves.
perceived
employabili
ty (rc =
0.35).
Exploratory
moderator
analyses
revealed
that some
relationship

108 | P a g e
 s are
influenced
by sample
(i.e., age,
gender,
cultural
background
) and
measureme
nt (e.g.,
publication
date)
characteristi
cs.
30. Maki Sherry E. 2021 Collectin Although Scholars Researc When
ng Sullivana g career scholars across h has studying
sense ,Akram related across numerous evolved career
of informat numerous managemen transitions,
Al Ariss from
differ on disciplines t the
ent have disciplines, studyin interdepende
persp studied including g ncies among
ective specific human dyadic the five
s on types of resource mentori perspectives
career career managemen ng presented in
transi transitions, t, relation this review
tions: there has organization should be
ships to
A been no al behavior, considered.
revie examination strategy, examini For purposes
w and of the career internationa ng how of clarity of
agend transitions l social discussion,
a for literature as managemen network we presented
future a general t, and s and the five
resear phenomeno entrepreneu multipl perspectives
ch n since rship, have as
e
Louis' studied independent
seminal specific develop of each other.
article was types of ers In reality, the
published transitions assist five
four that occur individ perspectives
decades during an uals as are inter-
ago. Much individual's they related.
has changed career. Additionally,
engage
in the career Scholars the majority
landscape in have in of studies we
the last conducted career reviewed
forty years, reviews of transitio focused on a

109 | P a g e
including such career ns. single career
the number transitions Despite transition.
and types of as the How an
career organization individual's
increase
transitions al entry past
being made (Ellis et al., d transitions
by 2015; Fang, researc may
individuals. Duffy, & h on the influence
Using an Shaw, various current or
inductive 2011), people future
approach, turnover that transitions is
the five (Bilgili, typically not
individ
major Calderon, examined.
theoretical Allen, & uals Little is
perspectives Kedia, receive known about
of career 2017; Hom, assistan the
stage, Lee, Shaw, ce cumulative
decision- & from, effects of
making, Hausknecht, little is career
adjustment, 2017), transitions
known
relational, expatriate upon an
and identity assignments about individual's
emerged (Baruch, the future
from our Altman, & quality mobility or
analysis of Tung, 2016; and whether
242 Kraimer, type of individuals
publications Bolino, & support develop a
. In this Mead, pattern for
receive
paper, we 2016; coping with
summarize Takeuchi, d from career
research on 2010), differen transitions.
each of retirement t
these major (Beehr, member
perspectives 2014; Wang s of a
on career & Shi,
social
transitions, 2014),
recognizing women network
emerging opting in .
trends and and out of Similarl
research the y, how
gaps. Based workforce the
upon an (Zimmerma quality
analysis n & Clark,
and
across these 2016), job
perspectives loss type of
, we (Gowan, support

110 | P a g e
recommend 2014; Van receive
seven major Dierendonc d may
avenues for k & Jacobs, be
future 2012) and
affected
research on transitionin
career g from by the
transitions. corporate hierarch
employee to ical,
entrepreneu geograp
r (Terjesen, hical,
Hessels, & and
Li, 2016).
cultural
Research
has distance
produced a betwee
greater n the
understandi individ
ng of the ual and
idiosyncrasi each
es of
network
specific
types of member
career is
transitions, unknow
with a n. How
career individ
transition uals use
being
conflict
defined “…
as the ing
period informa
during tion and
which an advice
individual is from
either
differen
changing
roles t
(taking on a member
different s of
objective their
role) or social
changing network
orientation
to make
to a role
already held decisio
ns

111 | P a g e
about
career
transitio
ns is an
area for
future
study.
Likewis
e,
researc
h is
needed
on how
social
network
s
change
over
time as
individ
uals
move
across
organiz
ational,
occupat
ional,
and
country
boundar
ies and
how
these
changes
may
influenc
e an
individ
ual's
ability

112 | P a g e
 to
make,
and
adjust
to,
career
transitio
ns.

Problem
113 | P a g e
Identification

114 | P a g e
 Project Title
AI Based Stream Analysis for career choice Aptitude Tests
Problem Statement
Most of the users are confused while selecting their streams according to their capability, User
can select career choice based on their aptitude.

The problem is to assist individuals in identifying and selecting the most appropriate career path
based on their unique combination of skills, interests, personality traits, and values. This involves
the development of a comprehensive stream analysis system that can assess and analyze an
individual's attributes, provide personalized career recommendations, and offer guidance on
educational pathways and job market trends.

Purpose
The main purpose of this project is to help user for choosing their career option. System helps the
user to select their career choice according to their interest in particular field. The aptitude test
brings an easy interesting working environment, more clarity in presenting appropriate
information to the user and also it gives faster access and retrieval of information from the
database. Under this system, questions can be stored and retrieved easily. The system checks the
answer by matching the pre-defined answers in database and users answer. The marking criteria
is decided by the admin and stored in the system for reference.

Scope
A Career Guidance System where students can see various career opportunities, the system
shows various fields available after 10th and also fields available after 10 th . It also lists various
colleges available where students can search colleges by their courses. Next the system allows
users to give a test. It is actually a series of tests of various general questions. After test
completion a score is calculated for each test. Based on those results the system manipulates
and calculates the best career for that user. This result is then emailed to that user. The system
also consists of an admin module. The admin can login to the system and enter colleges along
with their specifications. The system also includes an E-Books page.

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Features
Stream analysis for a career choice aptitude test typically involves assessing an individual's
skills, interests, and personality traits to help them make informed career decisions.

Here are some features commonly found in such tests:

1. Skills Assessment: Identifies a person's strengths and weaknesses in specific skill areas, such
as problem-solving, communication, or technical skills.
2. Interest Profiling: Helps determine a person's interests and passions, which can guide them
towards careers that align with their hobbies and preferences.
3. Personality Assessment: Evaluates personality traits like extroversion, introversion,
openness, conscientiousness, etc., to match them with careers that suit their temperament.
4. Values Alignment: Considers a person's values, such as work-life balance, ethical
considerations, or social impact, to recommend careers that align with their core values.
5. Aptitude Tests: Measures a person's natural abilities in various areas, such as mathematics,
language, or creativity, to suggest suitable career paths.
6. Career Matching: Combines the above assessments to provide a list of recommended career
options based on the individual's unique profile.

Advantages
1. This system will provide career guidance based on the students 10.
2. Students do not have to attend career guidance seminars. They get proper guidance by
accessing this application online.
3. System helps user to select their stream based on their capability.
4. System guides user properly which stream to select.
5. System will help user in which stream their good at.

Disadvantages
1. Student must genuinely give the aptitude test otherwise system will not provide appropriate
results.
2. The system must be given proper inputs otherwise system can produce wrong results.
3. Requires an active internet connection

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 Project
Portfolio

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Portfolio for Self Directed Learning for Major Project
Work

Name of Student: Ansari Midhat Fatima Abul Wafa

Semester: 5th

Programme/Branch: Computer Engineering (CO)

Roll No: 210403

Title of the Project: AI based stream analysis for career choice

aptitude tests

Name and Designation of Project Guide: Ms. Zaibunnisa Malik

(HOD-CO and Principal Aided), Ms. Salima Khatib (HOD-AN)

Name of Institute: M.H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic (0002)

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After Finalization of Project Topic & Formation of Project Team

(Answer to the following questions to be included in ‘Portfolio’ as reflection related to

formation of group and finalization of project topic).

1. How many alternatives we thought before finalizing the project topic?

Ans. We thought of 3 alternatives before finalizing the project topic Email spam filtration, E-
commerce Smartphone Application, Placement Cell - A Web based Application.

2. Did we consider all the technical fields related to branch of our diploma programme?

Ans. Yes, we considered all the fields.

3. Why we found present project topic as most appropriate?

Ans. Holland’s career concept implementation was more interesting. Hence, we decided to
make a project on stream analysis using his model.

4. Whether all the group members agreed on the present project topic? If not? What were
the reasons of their disagreement?

Ans. Yes, all the members agreed

5. Whether the procedure followed in assessing alternatives and finalizing the project topic
was correct? If not then discuss the reasons.

Ans. Yes, the procedure followed was correct

6. What were the limitations in other alternatives of project topic?

Ans. The alternatives chosen already existed

7. How we formed our team?

Ans. Team was formed during starting weeks of the term, as all of us were together in
previous micro projects too, our ability to cooperate and coordinate was good

8. Whether we faced any problem in forming the team? If yes, then what was the problem
and how was it resolved?

Ans. No problems were faced

9. Am I the leader of our project team? If yes, then why was I chosen? If not, why I could
not become the project team leader?

Ans. Yes, I was chosen by the agreement of other team members

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 10. Do I feel that present team leader is the best choice available in the group? If yes, then
why? If not then why?

Ans. Yes, I intend to work hard and make my team succeed

11. According to me who should be the leader of the team and why?

Ans. All of us works well, I was chosen by the agreement of other team members

12. Can we achieve the targets set in the project work within the time and cost limits?

Ans. We will try our best to complete the project within the provided time and cost limits

13. What are my good/bad sharable experiences while working with my team which
provoked me to think? What I learned from these experiences?

Ans. The experience was well and good, all of the team members cooperated and worked
together. I learned about website development, working in team environment and working
with AI.

14. Any other reflection which I would like to write about formation of team and finalization
of project title, if any?

Ans. No

After Finalization of Project Proposal

(Answer to the following questions to be included in ‘Portfolio’ as reflection on planning)

1. Which activities are having maximum risk and uncertainty in our project plan?

Ans. Predicting right career involves maximum risk

2. What are most important activities in our project plan?

Ans. Finding the questionnaire and keys was the most important activity

3. Is work distribution is equal project group members? If not? What are the reasons? How
we can improve work distribution?

Ans. Yes

4. Is it possible to complete the project in given time? If not then what are the reasons for it?
How can we ensure that project is completed within time?

Ans. Yes

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 5. What extra care and precaution should be taken in executing the activities of high risk
and uncertainty? If possible, how such risks and uncertainties can be reduced?

Ans. Students details should be saved properly in database

Ans. Taking care of the database and maintaining confidentiality, integrity of data

6. Can we reduce the total cost associated with the project? If yes, then describe the ways.

Ans. Yes, by dividing work equally and preparing the project as early as possible

7. For which activities of our project plan, arrangement of resources is not easy and
convenient?

Ans. Finding the questionnaire

8. Did we make enough provisions of extra time/expenditure etc. to carry out such
activities?

Ans. Yes

9. Did we make enough provisions for time delays in our project activity? In which
activities there are more chances of delay?

Ans. No. Until now we haven’t find such activities which involves more delays.

10. In our project schedule, which are the days of more expenditure? What provisions we
have made for availability and management of cash?

Ans. Development phase will be of more expenditure. We will make it accordingly.

11. Any other reflection which I would like to write about project planning?

Ans. No

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Portfolio for Self Directed Learning for Major Project
Work

Name of Student: Mantasha Mohd Sadiq

Semester: 5th

Programme/Branch: Computer Engineering (CO)

Roll No: 210409

Title of the Project: AI based stream analysis for career choice

aptitude tests

Name and Designation of Project Guide: Ms. Zaibunnisa Malik

(HOD-CO and Principal Aided), Ms. Salima Khatib (HOD-AN)

Name of Institute: M.H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic (0002)

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Portfolio for Self Directed Learning for Major Project
Work

Name of Student: Welder Umme Haani

Semester: 5th

Programme/Branch: Computer Engineering (CO)

Roll No: 210411

Title of the Project: AI based stream analysis for career choice

aptitude tests

Name and Designation of Project Guide: Ms. Zaibunnisa Malik

(HOD-CO and Principal Aided), Ms. Salima Khatib (HOD-AN)

Name of Institute: M.H. Saboo Siddik Polytechnic (0002)

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After Finalization of Project Topic & Formation of Project Team

(Answer to the following questions to be included in ‘Portfolio’ as reflection related to

formation of group and finalization of project topic).

1. How many alternatives we thought before finalizing the project topic?

Ans. We thought of 3 alternatives before finalizing the project topic Email spam filtration, E-
commerce Smartphone Application, Placement Cell - A Web based Application.

2. Did we consider all the technical fields related to branch of our diploma programme?

Ans. Yes, we considered all the fields.

3. Why we found present project topic as most appropriate?

Ans. Holland’s career concept implementation was more interesting. Hence, we decided to make
a project on stream analysis using his model.

4. Whether all the group members agreed on the present project topic? If not? What were
the reasons of their disagreement?

Ans. Yes, all the members agreed

5. Whether the procedure followed in assessing alternatives and finalizing the project topic
was correct? If not then discuss the reasons.

Ans. Yes, the procedure followed was correct

6. What were the limitations in other alternatives of project topic?

Ans. The alternatives chosen already existed

7. How we formed our team?

Ans. Team was formed during starting weeks of the term, as all of us were together in previous
micro projects too, our ability to cooperate and coordinate was good

8. Whether we faced any problem in forming the team? If yes, then what was the problem
and how was it resolved?

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Ans. No problems were faced

9. Am I the leader of our project team? If yes, then why was I chosen? If not, why I could
not become the project team leader?

Ans. No, the leader was chosen by the agreement of all team members

10. Do I feel that present team leader is the best choice available in the group? If yes, then
why? If not then why?

Ans. Yes, the leader is capable and was chosen by the agreement of all team members

11. According to me who should be the leader of the team and why?

Ans. All of us works well, the current leader is capable for leading the project

12. Can we achieve the targets set in the project work within the time and cost limits?

Ans. We will try our best to complete the project within the provided time and cost limits

13. What are my good/bad sharable experiences while working with my team which
provoked me to think? What I learned from these experiences?

Ans. The experience was well and good, all of the team members cooperated and worked
together. I learned about website development, working in team environment and working with
AI

14. Any other reflection which I would like to write about formation of team and finalization
of project title, if any?

Ans. No

After Finalization of Project Proposal

(Answer to the following questions to be included in ‘Portfolio’ as reflection on planning)

1. Which activities are having maximum risk and uncertainty in our project plan?

Ans. Predicting right career involves maximum risk

2. What are most important activities in our project plan?

Ans. Finding the questionnaire and keys was the most important activity

3. Is work distribution is equal project group members? If not? What are the reasons? How
we can improve work distribution?

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Ans. Yes

4. Is it possible to complete the project in given time? If not then what are the reasons for it?
How can we ensure that project is completed within time?

Ans. Yes

5. What extra care and precaution should be taken in executing the activities of high risk
and uncertainty? If possible, how such risks and uncertainties can be reduced?

Ans. Taking care of the database and maintaining confidentiality, integrity of data

6. Can we reduce the total cost associated with the project? If yes, then describe the ways.

Ans. Yes, by dividing work equally and preparing the project as early as possible

7. For which activities of our project plan, arrangement of resources is not easy and
convenient?

Ans. Finding the questionnaire

8. Did we make enough provisions of extra time/expenditure etc. to carry out such
activities?

Ans. Yes

9. Did we make enough provisions for time delays in our project activity? In which
activities there are more chances of delay?

Ans. No. Until now we haven’t find such activities which involves more delays.

10. In our project schedule, which are the days of more expenditure? What provisions we
have made for availability and management of cash?

Ans. Development phase will be of more expenditure. We will make it accordingly.

11. Any other reflection which I would like to write about project planning?

Ans. No.

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