Table of Contents

Chapter 1

1. A Message from the Academics Team

Chapter 2

2.1 The United Nations

2.2 History of the Committee (UNDP)

2.3 Description of UNDP

2.4 UNDP- Functionalities

Chapter 3

3.1 Brief Overview of the Agenda

3.2 Steps Taken in this Regard

Chapter 4

4. QRMAS

Chapter 5

5.1 Position Paper Guidelines

5.2 Sample Position Paper

5.3 Sample Working Paper

5.4 Sample Draft Resolution

 1. A Message from the Academics Team

Greetings Delegate,

We are delighted to have you as a part of the 4th Eventrra Model United Nations General
Assembly. After extensive research and hours of hard work, we have handpicked an
agenda for your committee session and accordingly prepared this Study Guide to provide
you a brief analysis of the agenda and relevant guidelines for making your conference a
successful one.

The agenda at hand for

‘United Nations Development Programme’ is:

“Ensuring Proper Governance and Inclusive Institutions in the Regions of Sub Saharan
Africa”

In this regard we are proud to announce that the committee UNDP is being executed in
Eventrra Model United Nations General Assembly.
This study guide is designed to provide you a conclusive overview of all the issues
accommodated by the agenda. However, your very own research and understanding of it
is what will make you stand out from other delegates. Looking forward to the conference,
our team wishes you an excellent one full of heated debates, intense diplomacy and most
importantly, reaching solutions based on consensus.

Best Regards,
Department of Academics
Eventrra Model United Nations General Assembly 2024
2.1 The United Nations

The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945. Currently made up

of 193 Member States, the UN, and its work are guided by the purposes and principles
contained in its founding Charter. The UN has evolved to keep pace with a rapidly
changing world over the years. But one thing has stayed the same: it remains the one
place on Earth where all the world’s nations can gather together, discuss common
problems, and find shared solutions that benefit all of humanity.

2.2 History of UNDP

The United Nations Development Programme or UNDP is based on the merging of the
United Nations Expanded Programme of Technical Assistance, created in 1949, and the
United Nations Special Fund, established in 1958. UNDP, as we know it now, was
established in 1966 by the General Assembly of the United Nations. As the United
Nations lead agency on international development, UNDP works in 170 countries and
territories to eradicate poverty and reduce inequality. We help countries to develop
policies, leadership skills, partnering abilities, institutional capabilities, and to build
resilience to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Our work is concentrated in
three focus areas; sustainable development, democratic governance and peace building,
and climate and disaster resilience.
2.3 Description of UNDP

UNDP, the United Nations' principal agency for international development, works in 170
countries and territories to eliminate poverty and reduce inequality. It assists countries in
developing policies, leadership skills, partnership abilities, institutional capabilities, and
resilience to accomplish the Sustainable Development Goals.

To support national democratic transitions, UNDP offers technical assistance and policy
recommendations, builds institutional and individual capacity within nations, advocates
for democratic reforms among the populace, encourages negotiation and discourse, and
disseminates successful case studies from other regions and countries. By promoting
communication, strengthening national discourse, and fostering agreement on national
governance initiatives, UNDP also strengthens the democratic institutions that are already
in place.

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) was formed by the merger of the
United Nations Expanded Programme of Technical Assistance (1949) and the United
Nations Special Fund (1958). The General Assembly of the United Nations launched the
United Nations Development Programme, or UNDP, in 1966.

To carry out its mandate, UNDP relies only on voluntary contributions from UN Member
States, multilateral organizations, the private sector, and other sources, in the form of
unrestricted recurring resources (core) and contributions designated for a specific subject,
program, or project.

Development is a long-term process that necessitates a clear strategic focus and the
flexibility to adjust to new obstacles and opportunities. Flexible resources enable UNDP
to respond to development needs and emergencies in a coordinated and timely manner;
provide multi-sectoral solutions; strengthen thought leadership, innovation, and quality
assurance; and assist countries in meeting the Sustainable Development Goals.

The UNDP is devoted to improving the UN system's coherence, relevance, and agility.
UNDP continues to serve as a thought leader and partner in bringing together UN
system-wide partnerships to accelerate progress toward the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
UNDP is a key member of the United Nations Sustainable Development Group
(UNSDG), a network of over 40 UN funds, programs, specialized agencies, and other
entities advancing the 2030 Agenda.

The UNDP Administrator, as Vice-Chair of the UNSDG, coordinates strategic

discussions and oversees UN Development System (UNDS) entities to support countries
in achieving sustainable development. UNDP also responds to Member States' priorities
and country contexts to help them achieve their goals for the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs,
including through strengthened coordination within the UN system at the country level,
such as by providing key system-wide services and country support platforms to help
with SDG implementation.

UNDP also creates national programming to align and sequence with the UN Sustainable
Development Cooperation Framework (UNSDCF), therefore supporting the UN's
system-wide coherence and strategic planning for implementing development activities at
the country level. UNDP promotes collaboration on development through organizations
including the Economic and Social Council and the General Assembly of the United
Nations.

UNDP acknowledges the immense knowledge that foundations provide in fields ranging
from governance, environment, health, and financial inclusion, and collaborates with
them to use their experience and knowledge resources. Its collaborations with charities
draw on a variety of assets and competitive advantages to address common development
concerns. Both global and local foundations contribute significant support for UNDP's
development initiatives. It collaborates with community foundations and civil society
organizations to solve challenges at the local level.

Partnerships and ties with philanthropy exist at all levels of the organization, including
UNDP country offices, regional centers, and headquarters. At the headquarters, it is
focused on developing worldwide relationships across many countries or on an issue in
particular. In contrast, country-level collaboration focuses on partnerships to address
specific concerns and connect them to policy discussions and national development
objectives. UNDP is also vigorously looking to establish relationships with foundations
and philanthropic groups in emerging nations where philanthropy is thriving.
2.4 Functionalities of UNDP

The main focus of UNDP is helping its member states achieve the goals of SDG
facilitating them with a proper education system, sustainable economy, and so on. It
would have been impossible for most countries to proceed in fulfilling the sustainable
development goals without the assistance of UNDP.

For reference, it helped Uganda manage its waste, helped to empower Afghan women in
IT, it is making constant efforts to recycle plastic and other recyclable materials, helped
climate change refugees to recuperate in various countries of the world, and so on.

The United Nations approved the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also known as
the Global Goals, in 2015 as a global call to action to eradicate poverty, safeguard the
environment, and ensure that by 2030, all people live in peace and prosperity.

The 17 SDGs are interconnected; they understand that actions in one area impact
outcomes in others, and that development must strike a balance between social,
economic, and environmental sustainability.

Countries have agreed to prioritize improvement for those who are far behind. The SDGs
aim to eliminate poverty, hunger, AIDS, and discrimination against women and girls.

To fulfill the SDGs in every setting, all members of society must contribute their
creativity, know-how, technology, and financial resources.

All of these great efforts can be shown and glorified with the statistics from 2021 about
the activities done by UNDP:

Sustainable development
● 43 nations have received help to combat gender-based violence.
● 71 million individuals in 36 countries now have access to basic services.
● 1 million jobs are safeguarded by labor market measures.
● 81 nations enacted policies based on COVID-19 socio-economic impact
evaluations, with a total of US$1.6 billion generated to aid in response and
recovery efforts.
Inclusive and efficient democratic government

● 30 nations have registered 38 million new voters.

● 26 nations have received help to establish action plants to combat radicalization.
● Over 580 digital solutions for e-commerce and e-governance have been
implemented in 82 countries.

Resilience Building
● 2.4 million rural families in 33 countries have benefited from clean, cheap, and
sustainable energy.
● UNDP's Accelerator Labs Network reaches 115 countries.
● US$3.8 billion was raised through innovative SDG bonds.
● 3 million individuals in 29 nations benefited from job creation and improved
living conditions during or after a crisis.

It links nations to the knowledge, resources, and networks they require to realize
significant development gains. Its work is summarized in our six hallmark solutions,
which are tailored to the situation and propelled by three powerful enablers for increased
effect.

Its specialist worldwide policy centers provide access to substantive knowledge as well as
access to external networks and resources.

It is dedicated to abolishing poverty and hunger, preserving the world from degradation,
guaranteeing that all people enjoy wealthy lives with natural growth, and creating
peaceful and inclusive communities.

It is dedicated to mobilizing resources to execute the 2030 Agenda through a

reinvigorated global partnership for sustainable development, grounded on a spirit of
reinforced global solidarity.
3.1 A Brief Overview of the Agenda

The agenda of "Ensuring Proper Governance and Inclusive Institutions in the Regions of
Sub-Saharan Africa" addresses one of the most critical and multifaceted challenges
facing the continent today. This issue is of paramount importance for fostering
sustainable development, peace, and stability in the region. Governance and institutional
inclusivity are essential for the socio-economic progress and political stability of
Sub-Saharan African countries. This agenda seeks to explore and implement strategies
that will strengthen governance structures, promote inclusivity, and ensure that
institutions are both effective and representative of the diverse populations they serve.

Sub-Saharan Africa is a region characterized by its diversity, both in terms of culture and
socio-political landscapes. It encompasses 46 countries, each with its unique historical,
political, and socio-economic context. Despite the region’s abundant natural resources
and significant economic potential, many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa face
considerable challenges in terms of governance and institutional development.

The legacy of colonialism, which left behind arbitrary borders and centralized forms of
governance, continues to influence the political landscape. Post-independence, many
countries struggled with authoritarian regimes, military coups, and civil wars, which have
hampered the development of robust governance structures. Moreover, issues such as
corruption, weak rule of law, and lack of transparency have further complicated the
governance landscape.

Key Challenges

1. Political Instability and Conflict: Many Sub-Saharan African countries have

experienced political instability and conflict, which undermine governance and
institutional development. Ethnic tensions, resource disputes, and power struggles
often lead to violence and displacement, disrupting governance processes.
 2. Corruption and Lack of Transparency: Corruption remains a pervasive issue,
affecting all levels of government and public institutions. This erodes public trust,
hampers economic growth, and diverts resources away from essential services and
development projects.
3. Weak Institutional Capacity: Many institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa lack the
capacity to effectively implement policies and provide services. This is often due
to insufficient funding, lack of trained personnel, and inadequate infrastructure.
4. Inclusive Governance: Ensuring that all segments of society are represented in
governance processes is a significant challenge. Marginalized groups, including
women, youth, and ethnic minorities, often face barriers to participation and
decision-making.
5. Economic Disparities and Poverty: High levels of poverty and economic
inequality exacerbate governance challenges. Economic disenfranchisement can
lead to social unrest and weaken the legitimacy of governing institutions.

Objectives and Goals

The primary objectives of this agenda are to:

1. Strengthen Democratic Institutions: Promote democratic governance by

supporting fair and transparent electoral processes, strengthening legislative
bodies, and ensuring the independence of the judiciary.
2. Combat Corruption: Implement anti-corruption measures, promote transparency
and accountability in public administration, and support the development of robust
legal frameworks to combat corruption.
3. Enhance Institutional Capacity: Build the capacity of institutions to effectively
deliver public services, implement policies, and respond to the needs of the
population. This includes investing in training, infrastructure, and technology.
4. Promote Inclusive Governance: Ensure that governance structures are inclusive
and representative of all segments of society. This involves promoting the
 participation of women, youth, and marginalized groups in political and
decision-making processes.
5. Foster Economic Development and Reduce Inequality: Address economic
disparities by promoting inclusive economic growth, creating job opportunities,
and implementing social protection measures to reduce poverty and inequality.

Strategic Approaches

1. Policy Reforms: Advocate for and support policy reforms that enhance
governance and institutional inclusivity. This includes legal reforms,
anti-corruption legislation, and policies that promote transparency and
accountability.
2. Capacity Building: Provide technical assistance and training to build the capacity
of government institutions, civil society organizations, and local communities.
This includes training programs for public officials, support for civil society
initiatives, and capacity-building projects for local governments.
3. Promoting Civic Engagement: Encourage civic engagement and public
participation in governance processes. This involves supporting initiatives that
empower citizens, promote awareness of rights and responsibilities, and facilitate
dialogue between the government and the public.
4. Strengthening Regional Cooperation: Foster regional cooperation and
collaboration to address cross-border challenges and promote good governance.
This includes supporting regional institutions, facilitating knowledge sharing, and
promoting best practices.
5. Leveraging Technology: Utilize technology to improve governance and
institutional effectiveness. This includes implementing e-governance solutions,
enhancing data management systems, and promoting digital inclusion.
Ensuring proper governance and inclusive institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa is a
complex but essential endeavor for the region’s future. By addressing the key challenges
and implementing strategic approaches, this agenda aims to foster a governance
environment that is transparent, accountable, and inclusive. Achieving these goals will
not only enhance the effectiveness of institutions but also contribute to the broader
objectives of peace, stability, and sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Through collective effort and international support, the region can build a foundation for
a prosperous and equitable future.

3.2 Steps Taken in This Regard

In recent years, various stakeholders, including governments, international organizations,

civil society, and local communities, have undertaken significant steps to address the
challenges of governance and inclusivity in Sub-Saharan Africa. These efforts are aimed
at building more transparent, accountable, and inclusive institutions that can effectively
serve the diverse populations of the region. Below are some of the key steps that have
been taken to advance this crucial agenda.

Strengthening Democratic Processes

1. Electoral Reforms: Numerous countries have undertaken electoral reforms to

ensure free, fair, and transparent elections. This includes the introduction of
biometric voter registration, the establishment of independent electoral
commissions, and the implementation of robust electoral laws.
 2. Monitoring and Observation: International and regional bodies, such as the
African Union and various non-governmental organizations, have deployed
election observers to monitor electoral processes. These observers provide critical
assessments and recommendations to improve the integrity of elections.

Combating Corruption

1. Anti-Corruption Agencies: Several countries have established independent

anti-corruption agencies tasked with investigating and prosecuting corruption
cases. These agencies are also responsible for promoting transparency and
accountability in public administration.
2. Legislation and Policy Frameworks: Comprehensive anti-corruption laws have
been enacted to provide a legal framework for combating corruption. Additionally,
policies promoting transparency, such as mandatory asset declarations for public
officials, have been implemented.

Enhancing Institutional Capacity

1. Capacity Building Programs: International development partners have provided

technical assistance and training to strengthen the capacity of public institutions.
This includes programs focused on public financial management, policy
implementation, and service delivery.
2. Infrastructure Development: Investments have been made in infrastructure to
support institutional functions. This includes the construction of government
buildings, provision of modern office equipment, and improvement of
communication networks.

Promoting Inclusive Governance

1. Gender Parity Initiatives: Efforts to promote gender parity in governance have

gained momentum. Quotas and affirmative action policies have been implemented
 to ensure greater representation of women in political and decision-making
processes.
2. Youth Engagement: Programs aimed at engaging young people in governance
have been established. These include youth councils, leadership training programs,
and initiatives that encourage youth participation in elections and policy-making.
3. Inclusion of Marginalized Groups: Policies and programs have been developed
to ensure the inclusion of ethnic minorities and other marginalized groups in
governance processes. This includes legal reforms, advocacy campaigns, and
community-based initiatives.

Fostering Economic Development

1. Inclusive Economic Policies: Governments have adopted inclusive economic

policies aimed at reducing poverty and inequality. This includes social protection
programs, support for small and medium-sized enterprises, and initiatives to
promote equitable access to resources.
2. Job Creation and Skills Development: Programs focused on job creation and
skills development have been implemented to address unemployment and
underemployment. Vocational training centers, entrepreneurship programs, and
public works projects are some examples.

Leveraging Technology

1. E-Governance Solutions: The adoption of e-governance solutions has improved

the efficiency and transparency of public administration. Online platforms for
public services, digital record-keeping systems, and e-procurement processes are
being utilized.
2. Digital Inclusion Initiatives: Efforts to bridge the digital divide have been made
to ensure that all segments of the population can benefit from technological
advancements. This includes expanding internet access, providing digital literacy
training, and supporting the development of local tech ecosystems.
Strengthening Regional Cooperation

1. Regional Integration: Regional organizations, such as the Economic Community

of West African States (ECOWAS) and the Southern African Development
Community (SADC), have played a crucial role in promoting good governance
and inclusive institutions. They facilitate dialogue, coordinate policies, and
support member states in implementing governance reforms.
2. Knowledge Sharing and Best Practices: Platforms for knowledge sharing and
dissemination of best practices have been established. Conferences, workshops,
and online forums provide opportunities for stakeholders to learn from successful
governance initiatives across the region.

Conclusion

The journey towards ensuring proper governance and inclusive institutions in

Sub-Saharan Africa is ongoing and requires sustained effort from all stakeholders. The
steps taken so far demonstrate a commitment to addressing the complex challenges facing
the region and building a foundation for a more equitable and prosperous future.
Continued collaboration, innovation, and dedication will be essential to achieving the
goals of this vital agenda.
4. QARMAS

1. What are the impacts of poor governance in the mentioned region?

2. What is Proper Governance and Inclusive Institutions?
3. How can Proper Governance and Inclusive Institutions help build a democratic
Structure in Africa?
4. How will the Economic Structure of Africa grow after ensuring proper governance
and inclusive institutions in Africa?
5. How will the standard of living e of Africa grow after ensuring proper governance
and inclusive institutions in Africa?
6. How can proper governance be ensured in the specific region?
7. How can Inclusive Institutions be built in the specific region to ensure democratic
governance?
Position Paper Guidelines

Please follow the guidelines below:

1. It should be submitted in PDF , font size 12, should not cross more than 2 pages

2. Text alignment: Justified

3. Font should be Times New Roman

4. In the header, there should be a committee, country and agenda mentioned

5. There should be four paragraphs showing:

● Introduction and country's stance
● What your country is doing regarding the agenda
● What UNHRC and other international organizations are doing regarding the agenda
● Possible solutions

6. In the footer, mention the references (full URL required)

7. Country flag or Coat of Arms HAVE TO BE used or watermarked.

8. Accepted Sources:
● UN websites, Committee’s website, key treaties or resolutions & UN Reports. Previous
UN resolutions, Reuters.
● Speeches and press releases from people in the executive branch of the respective
country’s current government. (President, Prime Minister, Foreign Minister / Secretary of
State, Ambassadors, etc.) 9. Please try to avoid plagiarism.

Plagiarism more than 20 percent will result in nullification of the Position Paper.
10. Avoid using flashy/stylish flag pictures.
11. No cover page required.
Please note: Wikipedia cannot be used as a valid source of info. If you have any
problems, you can ask in the group chat (no personal text will be appreciated)
6.2 Sample Position Paper

Committee: United Nations Human Rights Council

Agenda: Promoting and Protecting the Rights of Refugees and Internally Displaced
Persons, while Addressing Human Rights Violations in Conflict Zones

Country: State of Qatar

Internally displaced persons are individuals [or communities] forced to flee or leave their
homes or places of habitual residence within their own country, often due to conflict,
persecution, or natural disasters. In times of crisis, they are frequently the most at risk
since they may have lost their homes, means of support, and access to essential services.
Internally displacement is now a global issue. At present, almost 71 million people are
internally displaced around the world, with around 62.5 million due to conflict and
violence and the rest due to disasters. The State of Qatar, in its unwavering commitment
to uphold human rights, stands firmly in solidarity with these vulnerable populations.

The State of Qatar is working tirelessly in order to protect the human rights of all these
individuals. In addition to being a fervent supporter of their rights, the State of Qatar is
one of the top humanitarian aid providers for IDPs. Over the past decade, Qatar has
contributed over US$ 382 million (roughly QR 1.4 billion) to UNHCR programs, which
support internally displaced individuals, refugees, and host communities in a variety of
areas, including education, shelter, health, livelihoods, and financial assistance—a vital
source of support for millions of people worldwide. In addition, our nation provided a
substantial donation of nearly $0.7 million in the year 2023.

The United Nations has performed a tremendous role in addressing the modern-day
crisis, making valuable contributions through the passage of resolutions inclusive of
A/HRC/RES/50/6, A/RES/76/167, and A/HRC/RES/41/15, which mainly recognition at
the rights and wellbeing of internally displaced men and women. The United Nations has
employed quite a number mechanisms, such as investigations, tracking, and advocacy, to
efficiently tackle this problem. Notably, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human
Rights (OHCHR) has been instrumental in safeguarding and advancing the rights of
internally displaced humans. Additionally, the established order of unique mechanisms,
which include the Special Rapporteur on internally displaced humans, has in addition
stronger the United Nations' efforts. Through this mechanism, an unbiased professional is
appointed to diligently screen, promote, and lift awareness approximately the human
rights of internally displaced humans. The expert's paintings are aimed at strengthening
the worldwide response to internal displacement and making sure the safety and
recognize of the rights of these affected. Furthermore, international agencies just like the
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the Office for the
Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), and the International Organization for
Migration (IOM) had been actively engaged in imparting assistance and protection to
internally displaced men and women. Leveraging their giant networks, these agencies
gather critical information, supply essential humanitarian resource, and raise focus about
the issue handy.

Finally, State of Qatar respectfully suggests the following measures to safeguard the
rights of internally displaced persons:

· Developing and implementing comprehensive and inclusive strategies to prevent

internal displacement, protect internally displaced persons, and facilitate sustainable
solutions;

· Cooperating with international and regional organizations to address the

challenges of forced displacement by providing humanitarian assistance and support for
host communities;
· Ensuring that all national laws and policies comply with the principle of
non-refoulement and refrain from any actions that could force the return of displaced
persons in vulnerable situations;

· Creating and promoting sustainable livelihood opportunities for displaced

populations to support their self-reliance and integration;

· Encouraging the participation of displaced individuals in decision-making

processes that affect their lives, including the development and implementation of
policies and programs relevant to their situation.

Reference:

- https://www.internal-displacement.org/global-report/grid2023/

- https://reporting.unhcr.org/donors/qatar

- https://www.unhcr.org/countries/qatar

- - -
https://www.ohchr.org/en/special-procedures/sr-internally-displaced-persons/resolutions

- https://www.ohchr.org/en/special-procedures/sr-internally-displaced-persons
- https://www.unhcr.org/about-unhcr/who-we-protect/internally-displaced-people

- https://www.unocha.org/internal-displacement

- https://www.iom.int/internal-displacement
 Working Paper 1.0

Committee: Economic and Financial Affairs Council

Agenda: The de-dollarization movement and its long-term effects on global economic
integration
Authors: French Republic, The People’s Republic of China, Republic of Latvia,
Republic of Cyprus,

The General Assembly,

1) Promote multilateral financial instruments by:

a) The development of alternative international currencies, that can provide
stability and resilience in the diversified world economy,
b) Fabricate a multilateral reserve currency system, under the monitoring of
the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to reduce dependency on a single
currency,;
2) Strengthen regional financial institutions by:
a) Advocating the enhancement of regional financial institutions to promote
regional economic and also to reduce reliance on a single currency;
3) Enhance financial education and capacity building in national and international
level which can:
a) Engage states in managing the world economic diversification process of
the world economy,
b) Help to collaborate with international organizations to develop and
implement educational programs on the benefits of a diversified world
economy;
4) Conduct a balanced paced and multi-phased approach in the diversification
process of the world economy to draw out any volatility by:
 a) Implementing gradual and multi-phased transitions to abolish market
disruptions and uncertainties,
b) Setting realistic timelines and milestones, allowing economies to adjust and
adapt changes in currency composition if it is felt necessary by the currency
managers;
5) Have assistance form some bodies of the United Nations as:
a) The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) can assist Least
Developed Countries and the developing nations with development
programs and potentially improving those countries economy, which might
help those countries to reduce their reliance on a single currency,
b) The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
can assist with suggesting improvised trade policies which might help in
decentralizing the world economy.
6.4 Sample Draft Resolution

Draft Resolution 1.0

Committee: Special Political and Decolonization (Fourth Committee)

Agenda: The Legitimacy and Consequences of Secession Movements
Sponsors: French Republic, Canada, Federal Republic of Germany
Signatories: Republic of Turkey, Republic of Korea, Czech Republic, Swiss Confederation,
Republic of Ghana, Romania, Republic of Indonesia, Islamic Republic of Iran, Commonwealth
of Austria, People’s Republic of Bangladesh

The General Assembly,

Recalling the Article 1(2) of the United Nations Charter,

Keeping in mind that secession movements may arise from discrimination on the basis of
religion, ethnicity, race, or culture by the government of the country,

Emphasizing the importance of peaceful dialogue and negotiations between the protestors and
the government so that it can be checked if the government is willing or will be able to fulfill the
demands of the people engaged with the secession movements,

Bearing in mind that some political parties may have unethical intentions of gaining self-benefit
behind leading the secession movements,

Keeping in mind that under no circumstance the government breach the freedom of the press
and association of the people engaged with the secession movements,

Taking into account that the mother country where the secession movements are being held
may face economic downfall,

Deeply concerned that loss of lives may take place in the regions of the secession movement if
the movement ultimately turns out to be violent,
Highlighting the utmost importance of regional organizations like the European Union to make
sure if a group of people from member states start a secession movement, that is handled
peacefully,

Emphasizing that if any secession movements are being held in a country, the government of the
country does not try to retaliate against the protestors with armed forces,

Deeply concerned about the potential economic, cultural, and social consequences including
trade disruptions, potential rising tensions for asset distribution,

Deeply Concerned about the spread of propaganda and disinformation, particularly online,
which may be used to deceive, infringe on people's right to privacy and freedom of speech, and
disseminate hate speech, racism, xenophobia, negative stereotypes as well as stigma,

Observing the importance of protecting minority rights which may prevent further escalation of
secession movements,

Expressing concern regarding potential unwanted external interference which may escalate any
heated on-ground situation,

Acknowledging the factor that secession movements resulting in the reformation of a new state
may improve the previous situation and may decrease things like corruption and discrimination,

Recalling the importance of ensuring the safety and protection of the human rights of the
protestors of the secession movements,

Aware that secession movements may sometimes require international attention or international
media coverage,

Recognizing the utmost important role of international organizations in mediating potential

secessionist disputes with their host country,

Acknowledging the importance of dialogue and negotiation between the government and the
protests engaged in the secession movement to avoid further potential escalation of the conflict,

Keeping in mind that secession movements may also be peaceful if both the protestors and the
government of the hosting country meet mutual demands,

1) Urges to set the terms and conditions that make a secession movement legitimate as:
 a) If the government decides to launch developmental programs for the betterment
of the mother country but deprives the people of a particular state of the facilities
of that program without appropriate reasons and if secession movements take
place on the basis of this, the movements might be considered as legitimate,
b) If the government is being discriminatory to the people of a particular part of a
country and violating basic human rights like Freedom of Press and Association
and if secession movements take place on the basis of this, the movements might
be considered legitimate,
c) If a part or a state of a country is getting allocated budgets that is way less than
the generated fund of that state or the allocated budget is reasonably in no way
enough for the development of the state;
2) Emphasizes governments to adopt economic strategies like microfinance and long-term
educational and skill development programs if:
a) The economy of the mother state becomes unstable after a secession movement,
b) The structure of the country was reformed after a secession movement and the
country is facing problems in stabilizing its economic structure;
3) Encourages Member States to support the work of international organizations and
regional bodies in:
a) Providing platforms for dialogue and negotiation between governments and
representatives of secessionist movements,
b) Having peacekeeping operations which will protect the rights of civilians and
ensure their safety during the time period of protests;
4) Suggests post-secession states to ensure the safety of ethnic or religious and other
minorities by:
a) Designating specific areas as safe zones or safe houses within the state and
making sure those areas are highly protected and those areas are under
international supervision to ensure the ultimate safety of the minorities,
b) Establishing independent oversight bodies such as intra-country human rights
commissions and health programs to monitor the measurement of basic human
rights of the minority groups and to ensure healthcare for the minorities,
c) Implementing community-based dialogue and reconciliation programs may foster
understanding and cooperation between majority and minority populations and
eventually reduce potential tensions,
d) Launching educational campaigns with the aim of promoting tolerance, diversity,
and the importance of minority rights to decrease discrimination inside the state,
e) Ensuring non-discrimination in public services by:
i) Providing mandatory training for all public servants on
non-discrimination, cultural sensitivity, and the importance of equitable
service provision,
 ii) Encouraging or mandating the hiring of individuals from minority groups
in public service roles and eventually ensuring that the workforce includes
the diversity of the population including minorities,
iii) Conducting regular audits of public services to ensure they comply with
non-discrimination laws and policies, and publish the results to the
government of the state for transparency,
iv) Setting up systems by which the people of minorities may complain
anonymously if they face any kind of discrimination,
v) Launching public awareness campaigns nationwide, with topics related to
non-discrimination,
vi) Providing free or subsidized legal aid to individuals, especially individuals
from minority groups, who experience discrimination in accessing public
services, enabling them to seek justice,
vii) Encourage non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to advocate and
support individuals facing discrimination, including providing legal and
emotional support;
5) Reminds all parties involved in secessionist movements of their obligations under
international law, particularly concerning:
a) Refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political
independence of any state,
b) Uphold the fundamental rights and freedoms of all individuals, including those
belonging to minority groups;
6) Suggest member states to stop the spread of false information during and after a time
period of secession or secession movements by:
a) Tightening national legislation to counteract false information and hate speech on
the internet while adhering to international human rights treaties, especially those
pertaining to privacy and freedom of expression,
b) Assuring the safety of journalists and independent media outlets so they may
effectively combat misinformation by conducting fact-checking and investigative
reporting,
c) Working with social media businesses and tech firms to strengthen their
mechanisms for moderating content, increase transparency in the way they handle
harmful or false content, and cooperate with civil society and government
agencies to effectively combat hate speech and disinformation online;
7) Recommends international organizations to make sure no breach of human rights and
peaceful situations if there are ongoing secession movements by:
a) United Nations Department of Peace Operations (UNDPO) trying to mediate the
situation if the situation is already heated by their peacekeeping operations,
 b) The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
may ensure if the county or the region receives any international aid, those aids
reach the right places,
c) Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)
may engage in situation monitoring and may provide reasonable warnings to the
governments of the countries if any case of breach of human rights is found,
d) The United Nations development Programme (UNDP) may ensure post-secession
development measures like rebuilding the infrastructure and help the affected
regions if mass vandalization takes place,
e) The United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) may conduct inquiries to
investigate and document potential human rights abuses, ensuring accountability;
8) Recommends the member states that if any secession movements take place in a country
but for some reason, the movement fails the leaders and the coordinators of the secession
movement do not face any issues by:
a) If the coordinators are students, the government may make sure that the student
coordinations don’t face any academic harassment,
b) Other coordinators are not held accountable and seen badly in communities if they
haven’t done anything illegal;
9) Urges for the adoption of inclusive education programs and cultural integration in order
to promote harmonious cohabitation, social cohesion in the mother state as well as the
recently formed states by:
a) Encouraging mutual respect and understanding between different ethnic,
religious, and political groups by means of school curriculum that emphasize the
value of diversity, equality, and human rights as well as community-based
initiatives that bring traditionally separated groups together,
b) Understanding that a diverse and inclusive society requires a range of cultural
expressions, and endorsing the maintenance and development of minority
languages, customs, and cultural practices, ensuring that both recently formed
states and mother states,
i) Include minority language instruction in national education programs;
ii) Promote cultural celebrations and the sharing of traditional knowledge;
iii) Offer financial support and legal safeguards to ensure that minority
cultural expressions continue;
c) Promoting peaceful cohabitation by using comprehensive conflict avoidance
strategies, like:
i) Establishing platforms for discussion where leaders from different
political, religious, and ethnic backgrounds can debate problems and
collaborate to find solutions,
 ii) Developing collaborative peacebuilding projects involving different
communities, such as shared educational facilities, community centers,
and cultural exchange programs,
iii) Encouraging the drafting of laws that protect minorities' rights and outlaw
discrimination, thereby reducing the possibility of future conflicts and
ensuring that all communities can live in harmony with one another;
10) Suggests the upholdment of peace and mediation in terms of secession movements by:
a) The parties may designate mediators who will work together, with the option to
include observers or mediators from other countries,
b) In order to guarantee transparency and effectiveness in reaching agreements, a
framework for negotiations may be developed, complete with schedules, agendas,
and decision-making procedures with the mutual consent of all parties engaged in
the secession movements.