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Voronoi Diagrams

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49 views5 pages

Voronoi Diagrams

Uploaded by

steve.alexib
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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(2024 – 2025)

MATHEMATICS
Class : DP – Year

Functions and Models – Voronoi Diagrams

of points 𝐴 and 𝐵 shown below.


 Draw the perpendicular bisector

 Determine the equation of the


perpendicular bisector.

Investigation Shown is the location of four fire


stations in a city.
When a fire starts, it is important for the nearest fire
station to be alerted.
a) Which fire station is closest to (6,3)?
b) Which fire station is closest to (4,6)?

from 𝐴 as it is from 𝐵. Find another point.


c) Find a point which is the same distance

d) The Station Master at fire station 𝐷 wants


to know the region of the city that is closest to
his station. Draw this region.
e) A new fire station is to be built in the city.
To maximise efficiency, it should be as far
away as possible from the existing stations.
Where should it be built?
A Voronoi Diagram is a way to show the regions of a map that are closer to certain points.
Consider again the fire stations.
The Voronoi Diagram for that scenario would
look like this.
Points to be noted:
There is some important terminology with
Voronoi Diagrams:
• A site is one of the important locations that

above, these are the fire stations 𝐴,𝐵,𝐶 and


are ‘centred’ in each region. In the example

𝐷.
• A cell (or region) is the area surrounding a
site that shows all locations that are closest

named for the site (the cell containing site 𝐴


to that site. Each site is situated in a cell

is called cell 𝐴). Each cell contains a single


site.
• An edge is one of the boundary lines between two cells. Every point on an edge is equidistant
from two sites.
• A vertex (plural vertices) is a point at which three (or more) edges meet. This point is
equidistant to the three sites in the cell surrounding it.

Task Title:
Analyzing Fire Station Coverage with Voronoi Diagrams
Introduction & Objective:
In this task, you will explore how Voronoi diagrams can model optimal service coverage for fire
stations in a given region. Voronoi diagrams divide a map into areas closest to specified points, or
sites, making them useful in applications like emergency response planning, where minimizing
response time is critical. Your goal is to analyze and interpret the coverage zones of fire stations and
to use the Voronoi diagram to gain insights into how location impacts service effectiveness.
Key Terminology:
 Site: A key location in the region, such as a fire station. Each site serves as the center of a
Voronoi cell.
 Cell (or Region): The area around a site, consisting of all locations closer to that site than any
other. Each cell contains exactly one site.
 Edge: A boundary between two cells. Every point on an edge is equidistant from the two
adjacent sites.
 Vertex: A point where three or more edges meet. Each vertex is equidistant from the three sites
at the intersections.
Task Requirements:
1. Step 1: Understanding the Voronoi Diagram
Given a basic Voronoi diagram with labeled sites representing fire stations (e.g., A, B, C, and
D):
o Identify the number of cells (one for each site).
o Locate and label the vertices on the diagram.
o Use coordinate points to determine the closest site to each of the following locations:
 (2, −3)
 (1, 5)
 (−1, −2)
o Discuss the significance of points that lie on an edge of the diagram.
2. Step 2: Analyzing Real-World Fire Station Locations
Using a map of a hypothetical town or a real location, choose existing fire station locations as
the sites. Create a Voronoi diagram by plotting these sites and constructing the corresponding
cells.
o Identify Cells: Each cell should represent the area where residents are closest to a
specific fire station.
o Evaluate Coverage: Discuss any large cells or regions that might indicate areas with
less optimal coverage.
o Edge Interpretation: Explain what it means for points on an edge between two cells,
referencing the significance of equidistant points for coverage planning.
3. Step 3: Improving the Fire Station Layout
Based on your initial analysis, propose an adjusted layout:
o New Sites: Add new fire stations or relocate existing ones to achieve better coverage.
o Recalculate Voronoi Diagram: Draw the updated Voronoi diagram and re-evaluate the
size and shape of each cell.
o Coverage Analysis: Analyze how the new configuration improves service coverage or
response times, especially in areas that were previously underserved.
4. Step 4: Reflection
o Discuss any assumptions made during the task (e.g., uniform population density).
o Reflect on how Voronoi diagrams help identify gaps in service coverage and contribute
to emergency response planning.
o Comment on limitations and possible extensions of this model, such as factoring in
population density or road networks for further refinement.
5. Concluding Remarks
o Summarize your findings regarding the optimal placement of fire stations using Voronoi
diagrams.
o Reflect on how this model might be used by urban planners and emergency response
teams for service optimization
Guiding Questions for Analysis:
 What are the advantages of using Voronoi diagrams in emergency service planning?
 How does changing the site locations impact the Voronoi cells and thus the service area?
 What can the diagram tell us about locations on the edges between cells?
Assessment Criteria:
 Mathematical Communication (Criterion A): Clarity in presenting Voronoi diagrams and
justifying decisions.
 Mathematical Presentation (Criterion B): Accuracy in constructing and explaining
diagrams.
 Personal Engagement (Criterion C): Thoughtfulness in the practical application of this
model.
 Reflection (Criterion D): Critical analysis of model results, including limitations and
extensions.
ATL Skills:
 Transfer: Apply Voronoi diagrams to a new, practical context (fire station placement).
 Reflection: Analyze the effectiveness of the chosen and adjusted station placements.

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