A 400 lbs cylinder is held against a smooth incline by a

weightless rod. It is required to find the forces acting on the

cylinder by the rod and the incline.
A 300-lb box is held in a smooth plane by a force P that is
inclined at an angle theta from the plane. The plane is 30
from the horizontal. It is required to find the magnitude of
the force P and the normal pressure N exerted by the plane.
What is the angle θ and the normal pressure N between the
cylinders and the smooth horizontal surface.
Compute the tensile force in each cord for the knot system
shown in the figure.
The radius of a circle is increasing at five centimeters per minute
how fast is the circumference of the circle changing when the radius
is ten centimeters. How fast is the area of the circle changing when
the radius is 8 cm?

Air is pumped into a spherical balloon at a rate of 450 cubic

centimeters per minute how fast is the radius of the balloon
changing when r is 10 cm?
The surface area of a spherical melting snowball is decreasing at a
rate of two square centimeters per minute find a rate at which the
diameter is changing when the radius of the snowball is five
centimeters.

Water is flowing into a conical cistern at the rate of eight cubic

meters per minute so if the height of the inverted cone is twelve
meters and the radius of its circular opening six meters how fast is
the water level rising when the water is four meters deep
A balloon is rising vertically over a point a on the ground at the rate
of 15 feet per second. There is point B on the ground level with and
30 feet from A. When the balloon is 40 feet from Point A at what
rate is its distance from B changing?

A balloon leaves the ground 18 meters from an observer and rises

vertically at 1.25 meter per second how fast in meter per second is
the balloon receding from the observer after 8 seconds
1. A constant angular velocity disk drive spins a disk at a constant
speed. Suppose a disk makes 480 revolutions per min. Through how
many degrees will a point on the edge of the disk move in 2 sec?

2. A ship leaves port and sails on a bearing of N 47°E for 3.5 hr. It then
turns and sails on a bearing of S 43°E for 4.0 hr. If the ship’s rate is 22
knots (nautical miles per hour), find the distance that the ship is
from port.
3. Francisco needs to know the height of a tree. From a given point on
the ground, he finds that the angle of elevation to the top of the tree
is 36.7°. He then moves back 50 ft. From the second point, the angle
of elevation to the top of the tree is 22.2°. Find the height of the tree
to the nearest foot.

4. Distance across a Lake To find the distance RS across a lake, a

surveyor lays off length RT = 53.1 m, so that angle T = 32° 10′ and
angle S = 57° 50′. Find length RS.
5. Height of a Building From a window 30.0 ft above the street, the
angle of elevation to the top of the building across the street is 50°
and the angle of depression to the base of this building is 20.0°Find
the height of the building across the street.

6. Diameter of the Sun To determine the diameter of the sun, an

astronomer might sight with a transit (a device used by surveyors for
measuring angles) first to one edge of the sun and then to the other,
estimating that the included angle equals 32′. Assuming that the
distance d from Earth to the sun is 92,919,800 mi, approximate the
diameter of the sun.
7. Side Lengths of a Triangle The length of the base of an isosceles
triangle is 42.36 in. Each base angle is 38.12°. Find the length of each
of the two equal sides of the triangle. (Hint: Divide the triangle into
two right triangles.)

8. Altitude of a Triangle Find the altitude of an isosceles triangle having

base 184.2 cm if the angle opposite the base is 68° 44′

9. Height of a Tower The shadow of a vertical tower is 40.6 m long

when the angle of elevation of the sun is 34.6°. Find the height of
the tower.
10. Distance from the Ground to the Top of a Building The angle of
depression from the top of a building to a point on the ground is 32
deg 30′. How far is the point on the ground from the top of the
building if the building is 252 m high?

11. Length of a Shadow Suppose that the angle of elevation of the sun is
23.4°. Find the length of the shadow cast by a person who is 5.75 ft
tall.
12. Airplane Distance An airplane is flying 10,500 ft above level ground.
The angle of depression from the plane to the base of a tree is 13°
50′. How far horizontally must the plane fly to be directly over the
tree?

13. Angle of Depression of a Light A company safety committee has

recommended that a floodlight be mounted in a parking lot so as to
illuminate the employee exit, as shown in the figure. Find the angle
of depression of the light to the nearest minute.
14. Height of a Building The angle of elevation from the top of a small
building to the top of a nearby taller building is 46° 40′, and the
angle of depression to the bottom is 14° 10′. If the shorter building is
28.0 m high, find the height of the taller building.

15. Angle of Depression of a Light A company safety committee has

recommended that a floodlight be mounted in a parking lot so as to
illuminate the employee exit, as shown in the figure. Find the angle
of depression of the light to the nearest minute.

16. Height of a Building The angle of elevation from the top of a small
building to the top of a nearby taller building is 46° 40′, and the
angle of depression to the bottom is 14° 10′. If the shorter building is
28.0 m high, find the height of the taller building.
17. Angle of Elevation of the Sun The length of the shadow of a building
34.09 m tall is 37.62 m. Find the angle of elevation of the sun to the
nearest hundredth of a degree.

18. Angle of Elevation of the Sun The length of the shadow of a flagpole
55.20 ft tall is 27.65 ft. Find the angle of elevation of the sun to the
nearest hundredth of a degree.
19. Angle of Elevation of the Pyramid of the Sun The Pyramid of the Sun
is in the ancient Mexican city of Teotihuacan. The base is a square
with sides about 700 ft long. The height of the pyramid is about 200
ft. Find the angle of elevation u of the edge indicated in the figure to
two significant digits. (Hint: The base of the triangle in the figure has
measure half the diagonal of the square base of the pyramid.)

20. Angle of Depression of a Light A company safety committee has

recommended that a floodlight be mounted in a parking lot so as to
illuminate the employee exit, as shown in the figure. Find the angle
of depression of the light to the nearest minute.
21. Height of a Building The angle of elevation from the top of a small
building to the top of a nearby taller building is 46° 40′, and the
angle of depression to the bottom is 14° 10′. If the shorter building is
28.0 m high, find the height of the taller building.

22. Angle of Elevation of the Sun The length of the shadow of a building
34.09 m tall is 37.62 m. Find the angle of elevation of the sun to the
nearest hundredth of a degree.

23. Angle of Elevation of the Sun The length of the shadow of a flagpole
55.20 ft tall is 27.65 ft. Find the angle of elevation of the sun to the
nearest hundredth of a degree.
24. Angle of Elevation of the Pyramid of the Sun The Pyramid of the Sun
is in the ancient Mexican city of Teotihuacan. The base is a square
with sides about 700 ft long. The height of the pyramid is about 200
ft. Find the angle of elevation u of the edge indicated in the figure to
two significant digits. (Hint: The base of the triangle in the figure has
measure half the diagonal of the square base of the pyramid.)
25. Error in Measurement A degree may seem like a very small unit, but
an error of one degree in measuring an angle may be very
significant. For example, suppose a laser beam directed toward the
visible center of the moon misses its assigned target by 30.0″. How
far is it (in miles) from its assigned target? Take the distance from
the surface of Earth to that of the moon to be 234,000 mi.
26. Distance Flown by a Plane A plane flies 1.3 hrat 110 mph on a
bearing of 38°. It then turns and flies 1.5 hr at the same speed on a
bearing of 128°.How far is the plane from its starting point?

27. Distance Traveled by a Ship A ship travels 55 km on a bearing of

27deg and then travels on a bearing of 117° for 140 km. Find the
distance from the starting point to the ending point.
28. Distance between Two Ships Two ships leave a port at the same
time. The first ship sails on a bearing of 40° at 18 knots (nautical
miles per hour) and the second on a bearing of 130° at 26 knots.
How far apart are they after 1.5 hr?

29. Distance between Two Ships Two ships leave a port at the same
time. The first ship sails on a bearing of 52° at 17 knots and the
second on a bearing of 322 deg at 22 knots. How far apart are they
after 2.5 hr?
30. Distance between Two Docks Two docks are located on an east-
west line 2587 ft apart. From dock A, the bearing of a coral reef is 58
deg 22 min. From dock B, the bearing of the coral reef is 328° 22′.
Find the distance from dock A to the coral reef.

31. Distance between Two Lighthouses Two lighthouses are located on

a north-south line. From lighthouse A, the bearing of a ship 3742 m
away is 129° 43′. From lighthouse B, the bearing of the ship is 39°
43′. Find the distance between the lighthouses.
32. Distance between Two Ships A ship leaves its home port and sails on
a bearing of S 61° 50′ E. Another ship leaves the same port at the
same time and sails on a bearing of N 28° 10′ E. If the first ship sails
at 24.0 mph and the second ship sails at 28.0 mph, find the distance
between the two ships after 4 hr.

33. Distance between Transmitters Radio direction finders are set up at

two points A and B, which are 2.50 mi apart on an east-west line.
From A, it is found that the bearing of a signal from a radio
transmitter is N 36° 20′ E, and from B the bearing of the same signal
is N 53° 40′ W. Find the distance of the transmitter from B.
34. Flying Distance The bearing from A to C is S 52° E. The bearing from
A to B is N 84° E. The bearing from B to C is S 38° W. A plane flying at
250 mph takes 2.4 hr. to go from A to B. Find the distance from A to
C.

35. Flying Distance The bearing from A to C is N 64° W. The bearing

from A to B is S 82° W. The bearing from B to C is N 26° E. A plane
flying at 350 mph takes 1.8 hr to go from A to B. Find the distance
from B to C.
36. Distance between Two Cities The bearing from Winston-Salem,
North Carolina, to Danville, Virginia, is N 42° E. The bearing from
Danville to Goldsboro, North Carolina, is S 48° E. A car traveling at 65
mph takes 1.1 hr to go from Winston-Salem to Danville and 1.8 hr to
go from Danville to Goldsboro. Find the distance from Winston-
Salem to Goldsboro.

37. Distance between Two Cities The bearing from Atlanta to Macon is S
27° E, and the bearing from Macon to Augusta is N 63° E. An
automobile traveling at 62 mph needs 1 and 1/4 hr to go from
Atlanta to Macon and 1 and 3/4 hr to go from Macon to Augusta.
Find the distance from Atlanta to Augusta.
38. Height of a Pyramid The angle of elevation from a point on the
ground to the top of a pyramid is 35° 30′. The angle of elevation
from a point 135 ft farther back to the top of the pyramid is 21° 10′.
Find the height of the pyramid.

39. Distance between a Whale and a Lighthouse A whale researcher is

watching a whale approach directly toward a lighthouse as she
observes from the top of this lighthouse. When she first begins
watching the whale, the angle of depression to the whale is 15° 50′.
Just as the whale turns away from the lighthouse, the angle of
depression is 35° 40′. If the height of the lighthouse is 68.7 m, find
the distance traveled by the whale as it approached the lighthouse.
40. Height of an Antenna A scanner antenna is on top of the center of a
house. The angle of elevation from a point 28.0 m from the center of
the house to the top of the antenna is 27° 10′, and the angle of
elevation to the bottom of the antenna is 18° 10′. Find the height of
the antenna.

41. Height of Mt. Whitney The angle of elevation from Lone Pine to the
top of Mt. Whitney is 10° 50′. A hiker, traveling 7.00 km from Lone
Pine along a straight, level road toward Mt. Whitney, finds the angle
of elevation to be 22° 40′. Find the height of the top of Mt. Whitney
above the level of the road.
42. Find h as indicated in the figure.

43. Find h as indicated in the figure.

44. Distance of a Plant from a Fence In one area, the lowest angle of
elevation of the sun in winter is 23° 20′. Find the minimum distance
x that a plant needing full sun can be placed from a fence 4.65 ft
high.
45. Distance through a Tunnel A tunnel is to be built from A to B. Both A
and B are visible from C. If AC is 1.4923 mi and BC is 1.0837 mi, and if
C is 90°, find the measures of angles A and B.

46. Height of a Plane above Earth Find the minimum height h above the
surface of Earth so that a pilot at point A in the figure can see an
object on the horizon at C, 125 mi away. Assume 4.00 * 10^3 mi as
the radius of Earth.
47. Length of a Side of a Piece of Land A piece of land has the shape

shown in the figure. Find the length x.

48. (Modeling) Distance between Two Points A variation of the
subtense bar method that surveyors use to determine larger
distances d between two points P and Q is shown in the figure. The
subtense bar with length b is placed between points P and Q so that
the bar is centered on and perpendicular to the line of sight between
P and Q. Angles a and b are measured from points P and Q,
respectively.
(a) Find a formula for d involving alpha, beta , and b.
(b) Use the formula from part (a) to determine d if a = 37′ 48″, b = 42′
03″, and b = 2.000 cm.
 Random Board Exam Problems Practice
1. If today is Monday. What will be the days 24567 Days
from today?

2. A line on the xy-plane has an equation 5x + 12y = 60. A

uv-plane of the same origin has its u-axis rotated at an
angle of +arctan (4/3) from the x-axis.
a. Find the uv-coordinates of the y-intercept of the
given line.
b. Find the uv-coordinates of the x-intercept of the
given line.
c. Find the equation of the given line in the uv-
plane. Situation.
3. In how many ways can you line up 5 persons if two
persons refuse to follow each other?
A. 46 B. 58 C. 64 D. 72

4. Two triangles have equal bases. The altitude of one

triangle is 3 units more than its base while the altitude of
the other is 3 units less than its base. If the areas of the
triangles differ by 21 square units, find the altitude of the
smaller triangle.
A. 5 B. 4 C. 3 D. 6
5. Find the maximum and minimum values of 3^(sin x) for 0
deg less than or equal to x less than or equal to 360 deg.
A. 3&1/3 B. 1&10 C. 2&-2 D. 1&-1

6. At what value of x will the function f(x) = (x – 4) / (x + 2) is

discontinuous?
A. 2 B. 4 C. -2 D. 1
7. Situation. Given the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. How many
3-digit numbers can be made from the given digits if
a. repetition of digit is not allowed.
b. the numbers are even and repetition of digit is
not allowed.
c. the numbers are odd and repetition of digit is
not allowed.
A. 100 B. 180 C. 130 D. 96
SOLID MENSURATION
8. Find the capacity of a conical vessel that is made from a
semi-circular tin of radius 2.5 m.

SOLID MENSURATION
9. Determine the volume of a regular tetrahedron of edge
2 ft.
ENGINEERING ECONOMY
10. A man invested P100,000 at an interest rate of 10%
compounded annually. What will be the final amount
of his investment, in terms of today’s peso, after 5
years, if inflation remains the same at the rate of 8% per
year?

SOLID MENSURATION
11. Through a given cone of altitude h and base A, two
planes are passed parallel to the base, cutting the
altitude h/3 and 2h/3 units from the base. Find the
ratio of the volumes of the two frustums thus formed.
SOLID MENSURATION
12. Find the area of the spherical lune of radius 2.5 m and a
central angle of 15deg.
13. AREA BY INTEGRATION: POLAR EQUATION Find the area
enclosed by the curve r^2 = 64 cos 2𝜽.
14. An airplane is travelling N60E with a resultant ground
speed of 205 km/h. The nose of the plane is actually
pointing east with an airspeed of 212 km/h. a. What is
the wind direction? b. What is the wind speed?

15. An airplane is traveling with an air speed of 320 miles per

hour and a heading of 62 degrees a wind of 42 miles per
hour is blowing at a heading of 125 degrees find the
ground speed and the course of the airplane.
16. An Airplane has an airspeed of 500 km/hr. bearing
N45degE. The wind velocity is 60 km/h in the direction
N30degW. Find the resultant representing the path of the
Airplane relative to the ground. What is the ground
speed of the plane? What is the direction?

17. An airplane flies horizontally at 80m/s in still air. If the

aviator wishes to fly due South and the wind is blowing
from the South-East at 30m/s. A) What is the direction
the plane must fly? B) How long will the trip take if the
destination is 200km South of the starting point?
18. An airplane is heading on a bearing off 125° at 400 km
per hour a wind is blowing on a bearing of 225° at 200
km/ hour. Determine the magnitude of the resultant
ground velocity of the plane.

19. An airplane that's flying in a wind that's blowing at 32 m

per second in a direction 20° south of East relative to the
ground. The plane is flying 45 deg. South of West relative
to the ground and a 5 deg S of W relative to the wind.
20. What is the number that is one half of one quarter of one
tenth of 400?

21. Two men starting at the same point walk in opposite

direction for 4 meters turn left and walk another 3
meters. What is the distance between them?

22. Find the radius of the circumscribing circle of the regular

octagon having an area of 320 cm^2.
23. P3000 quarterly for ten years accumulates to
P181,205.95, find the nominal rate of interest
compounded quarterly.

24. Find the area reflected by the triangle ABC on the xy-
plane with A (1, 10, 10), B(6, 2, 4) and C(12, 6, 1).
25. SURVEYING: AREA OF TRAINGULAR LOT:
To determine the area of a triangular lot ABC, a surveyor
set-up a transit at point P inside the lot and recorded the
following bearing and distances of each corner of the lot
from P. Determine the area of the lot in square meter.