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Newton-Rapson, S Method-1

Major topic for advance numerical analysis

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dharmendrasingh071973
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46 views13 pages

Newton-Rapson, S Method-1

Major topic for advance numerical analysis

Uploaded by

dharmendrasingh071973
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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———Newston=Reapsonl 4 method [Tngnt mel —— ae On) =d be ogum. h @-afpraxinal_noot- iE O' ss Seen a eee be th by - = Hath _bt_th corn fone I vin #00) = fini =o] + and_by Tylor teow fe Sect plie) +: BR pti # firey “Sle vey Small “Pash Hen map eling 74 higher ovelnserm yA: Hn, frm) ¢ Aflmjeod ptr) 2 -f1%) | ye = fre) \ FIED) eae rrrearre trees Ae IOe f{— 3 : Sinildy p2yy TT paplinn apse aeas _— Ain z# rOLiN OD7 S 1 Bye Ho — LO 7%) S26 — CTD IBS Hp = 26 2YSCF L(%)= 0-0/29/0 »5 LUNE 3962022 ——Svtend appbroximaatioh sat 2) M22 = LOE fH = 2h YUSEF — Ont p29, ape Woe Bb2Y2Y) [ = ae ; J LITE O D0000F 5 fF Tila Fee U2 2, Y / Eee 2) He Age t2= aes aad a7 a 008 = : ras) 29.82 ; @ scanned with OKEN Scanner "=" ample 1. Find a real root of the equation 3x = cos x + 1 by Newton-Raphson’s method. Solution. Let fix) = 8x ~ cos x-1=0 (1) then Lo) * - and fQ) =3-cos 1-1 = 8- 0.5403 - 1= 1.4597. So a root of the equation f(x) = 0 lies between 0 and 1. iy | Let us take Xo,= 0.6. I 2 ee From (1) f'@)=3+sinx. we) Therefore, the Newton’s method gives ‘ay23 + es fen) at — n+l Fe) y t ( wy)? 3x, — cos x, —1 =3,- ae [From (1) and (2)] X, Sin x, +008 x, +1 Been ek +-(3) Xn41= 7 oe 34+sinx, Putting n = 0, we get first approximation Xq Sin x9 + cos Xp +1 x= : 1 B+sinxy —_ 0.6 sin (0.6) + cos (0.6) +1 3+sin (0.6) 0.6 (0.5646) + 0.8253 +1 3 + 0.5646 2.16406 = eg 7 0.071: Putting n = 1 into (3), we get second approximation which is given by x, sin x, + cos xy +1 *2> 34+sin xy __ 0.6071 sin (0.6071) + cos (0.6071) + 1 3 + sin (0.6071) _ 0.6071 (0.5705) + 0.8213 + 1 5:0. 2.1677 2 ogg 70.6071. Here x, =x», So the root correct to four decimal places is 0.6071. @ scanned with OKEN Scanner Numerical Analy sig 110 ie 212 Umkcapie 2. Find the real reot of the equation x10g,9*= 1-2 by Newton, Raphson’s Method. a a Solution. Let fix) = logyg #— 1.2 = Then fll) =-1.2 and 2) = 2 logy 2- 1.2 =~ 0.5979 8) = 8 logy 3 - 1.2 = 0.2314. Thus, a root of fit) = 0 lies between 2 and 3. Let us take xy=2 1 ~ From (1) f°) = logig x +5 -¥ loB10¢ = logy x + 0.4343. (2) Now, Newton's method gives fen) Xn+1=*n “Fh Cn) (From (1) and (2)} 0.4343 x, + 1.2 ¥n +1 Togigx, + 0.4343, @ first approximation as 0.4343 x9 + 1.2 Togjo %o + 0.4843 4343 (2) +1.2 logig 2 + 0.4343 2.0686 0.7353 Putting n = 1 into (3), we get second approximation as 0.4843 x) +12 72 Togig x + 0.4343 = 0:4343 (2.8133) + 1.2 Jogo 2.8133 + 0.4343 2.4128 0.8835 ~ 27411 Putting n = 2 into (3), we get third approximation as 0.4343 xp +1.2 *3* Togig my + 0.4043 = 0.4343 (2.7411) + 1.2 Togyo 2.7411 + 0.4343 2.9905 0.8722 = 2.7408. Putting n = 3 into (3), we get fourth approximation seg = 0:4843.xg + 1.2 = ee 412 4 Togo x3 + 0.4343 on) = 2.8133. aa @ scanned with OKEN Scanner Ae Pee { solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations : = 0.4343 (2.7408) + 1.2. Here x3 =%4, '3=%4, 80 that the root of fix) = 0 correct to four decimal places is 2.7408. mple 3. Find th ion % Newton-Raphson’s method. Se Solution. Let fix) ax" —5r42=0 A) Then, fia) = 4? 5 (4) +2=-2 and AS) = 57-5 (5) +2=2. Therefore, the root lies between 4 and 5. From (1) 3) =2e-5. AQ) Thus, Newton-Raphson’s method gives fen) eect a Gn) {From (1) and (2)) --(3) Let us take Xo Putting n = 0 into (3), we get first approximation to the root as ert a *1>Qx9-5 24)-5 4 =7y 74.6667. Putting n = 1 into (3), we get second approximation as xy-2 2° De =5 __ 4.6667)" = 2 _ 19.7781 = 2 (4.6607)-5 4.3334 = 4.5641. (3), we get third approximation as oe #3" Bxp-5 _ (4.5641)? = 2 = 2 (4.5641) -5 = 4.5616. into (3), we Bet fourth approximation as Putting n =2, into Putting n = 3 i a§-2 4" Dey -8 @ scanned with OKEN Scanner see neEHE ce 12 Numerical Analysig 4.5616)" -2 _ 18.8082 =2(4.5616)-5 4.1232 = 4.5616. : Here, x3 = x4. Thus the root of the equation correct to four decimal places js 4.5616, Example «Pi d the real root of the equation x* - x - 10 =0, correct to three decimal plact¥¥ Newton-Raphson’s method. Solution. Let fix) ex4-x-10=0. (1) Then fa) =(a)!-1-10=-10 and ft2)=(2)'- 2-10 Therefore, the root lies between 1 and 2. From (1) f'@) = 43-1. (2) Then, by Newton-Raphson's method, we have spare, 2 hte aA) tn’ ~ Xp — 10 [From (1) and (2)) (3) Now putting n = 0 into (3), we get first approximation as Bxo4 +10 ye 4x31 =30-6)*+ 10 _ 29.6608 4(169—1 15384 = 1.92803, Putting n = 1 into (3), we get second approximation as _ 8xy4 +10 4xy3-1 = 3.0-92803)4 + 10 _ 51-45495, 4 (1:92803)*—1 27-6826 : = 185971. Putting n = 2 into (3), we get third approximation as _ Sty +10 4x31 = S-85071)' + 10 _ 45-8841 4 (1-85971)3 24-72739 = 1.85559, *2 3 @ scanned with OKEN Scanner solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations 13 Putting 7 = 3 into (3), we get fourth approximation as xg" +10 = 3.0-85559)4 + 10 _ 45:56717 4 (1-85559)3— 1 2455677 = 1.85558, Heneesthe required root correct to three of decimal is 1-856. pao 5. Using Newton-Raphson’s method. Find the square root of 12 correct to three places of decimal. Solution. Let fx)=a2-12=0 AQ) then and and and fa =4. 2 The root lies between 3 and 4. 2p qz Further, fB-1) = BI)? - 1 (ay, f(B-2) = (8-2)? - 12=-1.76 fi)? at 1 vy 044 fn? ate SORTA tw (35) = 025. Stn- Thus, the required root lies between 3-4 and 3-5. ny > mn f 1 o)) Now, from (1), f'@) = 2x. hash Then, Newton-Raphson’s method gives ature Dan fp) ai (2) %ns1=*n- Fe) aot Be 2 2 ayy au [From (1) and (2)] auy]2 antl ~30M.(3) or Let us assume that %= 3-4. _ Putting n = 0 into (3), we get first approximation as Xo? +12 a= R ‘ 2 (342412 _ 23.56 _ Bah 7 6a 784647 Patting n = 1 into (3), we get second approximation as #2 +12 _ 3.4647)? +12 2°" 9x, 2 (83-4647) _ 24-0041 ="6.9294 = 34641, @ scanned with OKEN Scanner na Numerical Anayy, Putting n =2 into (3), wo got third approximation a8 xgh+12_ (3.4641)? +12 2 (3.4641) 34641. ‘ imal is 3-464. Hence the required root correct to three places of decimal i ite : \_Example 6. Find the real root of the equation log x —c08 ¥= (0 three places of decimal by Newton-Raphson’s method. Solution. Let fix) = log x - cos x= 0 Al) then 0.5403, and log 2 — cos 2 6931 + 0.4161 = 1.1092. ‘The root lies between 1 and 2. Further, f.1) = log 1.1 - cos 1.1 0953 — 0.4535 = ~ 0.3582 and 0.2) = log 1.2 - cos 1.2 1823 - 0.3623 = - 0.18 and g 1.3 cos 1.3 : = 0.2623 - 0.2674 = — 0.0051 and j (1.4) = log 1.4 — cos 1. oY 0.3364 = 0.1699 = 0.1665. ‘Thus, the required root will lie between 1.3 and 1.4. Now, from (1) fey=2esinx 2.2) ‘Then, by Newton-Raphson’s method, we have : [From (1) and (2)] a a Fat th Sin ty ~ yO ay +p C08 ing, sie Let us assume that x9 = 1.3, Now puttingn = into (3), we get first approximation as 7 _ 50 +34 8in x9 x9 log x +9 C08 xp ye oreo 1¥X9 sin xp = 25+ (1.3? sin (1.3) - 1.3 log (1.3) + 1.3 05 (1.3) 1+13 sin (13) = 13 (1+ 1.2526 ~ 0.2623 + 0.2674) 1+1 = 2.93501 ioe =b.2506 = 1.3029. @ scanned with OKEN Scanner solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations ue Rei eae ve) We Bet second approximation as 1+ Tx; ain, ais 1.30: 029 (1 + 1.3029 sin 1.9029 — log 1.3029 + cos 1.3029) bi 1+ 1.3029 sin 1.3029 = 1.3029 (1.4 1.2564 ~ 0.2645 + 0.2647) 141.2564 = 2.9401 = 225647 1.3030, Hence, the required root correct to three decimal places is 1.303. Example 7. Find a positive valu “3 i qT siete a e of (17) correct to four decimal places by Solution. General formula for p" root of ‘a’ is given by ryt (p-1)x,P +a a nT a According to the question, a=17,p=3. So (1) becomes sonin} neza} 12 =0,1,2).0+ (2) Since (@)/=2 and @7)”%=3 and 8<17<27 so that the initial approximation is taken as aye 3-95, For n= 0, we get epee (as 2 4 seh mF 2x9 “al 6:25 =ha 72) = 25733. For n = 1, we get 1 at =o mate 1 =|? 25738)+ ati =}0 (7-138) = 25713. } For n= 2, we get i 3 (7-71885) 1 BV =}pesn9+ gerrs8 228 67128. @ scanned with OKEN Scanner aiu Toyats a 17 ‘ %4=3 Pm + 2) 17 6-61148 For n = 3, we get [2 (2:57128) + wane |" 5 (7.71385) = 2-57128. Thus, x3 and x4 approximations are equal, so that the required root correct to four decimal places is a 5718. Dent. 0 n- - a @ scanned with OKEN Scanner

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