CHRISTIAN SOCIAL SERVICES COMMISSION (CSSC)

NORTHEN ZONE JOINT EXAMINATIONS SYNDICATE (NZ-JES)

FORM FOUR PRE- NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS AUGUST 2024

GEOGRAPHY
013
MARKING SCHEME
1. 1mark @= 10 marks
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X
C D A D B D C B D D

2. 1 mark @ = 6 marks
LIST A I II III IV V VI
LIST B H J B G E C
SECTION B
3. (a) The types of rocks are any two points 2 marks 1@
i. Sedimentary rocks due to presence of seasonal swamps, depression (lake
VICTORIA) and mangrove swamps
ii. Igneous rocks due to the presence of hills (nyanghingi hill) and dendritic
drainage pattern
iii. Metamorphic rocks due to the presence of outcropped rocks and scrubs.
(b) Functions of Mwanza towns any four points 2 marks ½@
i. Administration functions
ii. Cultural functions
iii. Educational functions
iv. Industrial functions
v. Marketing / trade functions
vi. Cultivation functions
(c) Type of climate is Modified Equatorial type of climate due to latitude
20 35′andpresence of Lake Victoria 1 mark
(D) Four economic activities 2 marks ½@
i. Agriculture due to presence of scattered cultivation
ii. Trading due to presence of Market
iii. Fishing presence of Lake Victoria.
iv. Tourism due to presence of SAA NANE ISLAND GAME RESERVE

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 (E). Two environmental problems facing people of Mwanza 1mark ½@
i. Floods due Over flood of Lake Victoria
ii. Pollution due to industrial activities and urbanization
(F). Methods of presenting relief features any two points 1mark ½@
i. Bench mark (BM)
ii. Sport height
iii. Contours
iv. Trigonometric station

4. (a) Type of research is applied research reasons 2 marks 1@

i. Problem solving
ii. Community benefit
iii. Immediate application
(b) Methods of data collection 2 marks @ 1
i. Observation methods
ii. Questionnaires
iii. Interview
(c) Identify causes 3 marks 1@
i. Finding solution
ii. Quantify deforestation
iii. Gaining new knowledge
(d) Problems 2 marks @1
i. Shortage of resources
ii. Resistance from the respondents
iii. Environmental conditions
iv. Language barriers

5. a) chain survey
b) Source of obstacles
i. obstacles that prevent vision (ranging) but not chaining
ii. obstacles to chaining but not vision (ranging)
iii. obstacles to both vision (ranging) and chaining

c) Three sources of mistakes

i. measuring distances on steep slopes without making slope correction
ii. chaining where there are many obstacles
iii. sagging of the chain
iv. poor calling of the measurements
v. wrong recording of data

d) Importance of chain survey

I. Making maps on small areas of land
II. Adding details on the existing plans
III. Used for setting boundaries

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6. a)

YEAR MAIN PRODUCTION IN AVARAGE SUBSTRACT AVERGE RESULT (USE TO

TONES FROM PRODUCTION DRAW GRAPH

1980 900 3150 900-630 270

5
1981 750 750-630 120
1982 800 800-630 170
1983 400 400-630 -230
1984 300 =630 300-630 -330
TOTAL 3150
(2 Marks)

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 THE DIVERGENCE BAR GRAPH WHICH SHOWS MAIZE PRODUCTION AT
𝟏
MOROGORO (000 TONES) FROM 1980 TO 1984(𝟐 Marks)

Deviation no in
(000" tonnes") Scale
H.S 2 cm = 1 Year
V.S 1 cm = 50 (000' tonnes)
(𝟏/𝟐 Marks)
450

400

350

300

250 270

200

150 170

100 120

50

Years
0
1980 1981 1982 1983 1984
-50

-100

-150

-200
-230

-250

-300
-330

-350

-400

(2 Marks)

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b) Two advantages of divergence bar graph

i. It is easy to make compassion

ii. It is simple to interpret
iii. Fluctuation come out clearly
iv. It gives visual impression
𝟏
2 Points @ 𝟐 𝑴𝒂𝒓𝒌 = 𝟏(𝑴𝒂𝒓𝒌)

c) Procedures/steps taken to construct the divergence bar graph.

i. To find total of maize production

ii. To calculate average or mean
iii. Subtract average from each production
iv. Choose a suitable scale
v. Draw a divergence bar graph
vi. To plot the values guided by the scale
vii. Share all bars neatly
𝟏
viii. To write the title and scale used to draw the graph @ 𝟐 × 6 Points = (3 Marks)

Total (9 Marks)
7. a) The scenario mass wasting 1 mark
b) Determinants of mass wasting 4 marks @1
i. vegetation
ii. nature of the rock
iii. nature of the material and extent of saturation
iv. slope
v. human activities
c) Effects of mass wasting 4 marks @1
i. Destruction of properties
ii. Destruction of biodiversity
iii. Soil erosion/ degradation
iv. Water pollution
v. Death
8. A. Air pollution (1 mark)
B. Industrial activities(1mark)
C. *Depletion of ozone layer,
* Skin cancers,
*Global warming,
*Acidic rainfall @1mark=4
D. *Educating people
* Inaction of strict laws
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 *Use of alternative source of energy @ 1mark =3marks

SECTION C ( 30 marks)
9. Any relevant introduction (2marks)
Main body
Factors to consider before establishing industry
i. Location
ii. water
iii. Market
iv. Capital @2marks=12marks
v. Competition
vi. Power supply e.g water, electricity
vii. Labour
viii. Technology
ix. Transport and communication
Any relevant conclusion (1mark)

10. Introduction (2 Marks)

Meaning of climate change

Climate change – Refer to the slow changing of distribution of rainfall and temperature
of the earth over a long time. The duration for climatic change may take decades or more
Main body 6 points 6 Points @ 2 Marks = (12 Marks)
Impacts of climatic change
i. Change in growth of plants or vegetation such as abnormal fast growth of plants and
dormancy of some vegetation
ii. Change and disruption in the natural ecosystem of various regions on the earth surface
hence loss of biodiversity.
iii. It leads to the rising of sea levels and increase in global temperature (global warming)
that results to melting of ice on the peaks of mountains.
iv. It leads to the occurrence of hazards such as floods, storms, droughts, ice falling etc.
v. It may lead to unpredictable rainfall and temperature change in different parts of the
world due to interference in weather pattern.
vi. It may lead to migration of people and other living things as they cannot survive any
more in particular area.
vii. Loss of biodiversity

Conclusion (1 Mark)

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Any relevant conclusion related to question.

Total (15 Marks)

11. Introduction (2marks) – any relevant introduction

Main body
- Early marriage
- Low education
- Poor health services
- Traditional and culture
- Polygamy
- Wealth production
- Sex preference (6 points @ 2marks= 12 marks)

Conclusion (1 mark)

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