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Psychoanalysis

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24 views4 pages

Psychoanalysis

Uploaded by

Anshul Aldrin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Psychodynamic Therapy &

Psychoanalysis

“Psychoanalysis was founded by Sigmund Freud (1856-1939). Freud


believed that people could be cured by making conscious their
unconscious thoughts and motivations, thus gaining insight.

The aim of psychoanalysis therapy is to release repressed emotions and


experiences, i.e. make the unconscious conscious. It is only having a
cathartic (i.e. healing) experience can the person be helped and
‘cured’" (McLeod, SimplyPsychology, 2007)

“Psychoanalysis is a set of theories and therapeutic techniques


related to the study of the unconscious mind, which together form a
method of treatment for mental-health disorders.

The basic tenets of psychoanalysis include:

1 a person's development is determined by often forgotten


events in early childhood, rather than by inherited traits alone;

2 human behaviour and cognition is largely determined by


irrational drives that are rooted in the unconscious;

3 attempts to bring those drives into awareness triggers


resistance in the form of defence mechanisms, particularly
repression;
4 conflicts between conscious and unconscious material
can result in mental disturbances such as neurosis, neurotic traits,
anxiety and depression;

5 unconscious material can be found in dreams and


unintentional acts, including mannerisms and slips of the tongue;

6 liberation from the effects of the unconscious is achieved


by bringing this material into the conscious mind through
therapeutic intervention;

7 the "centrepiece of the psychoanalytic process" is the


transference, whereby patients relive their infantile conflicts by
projecting onto the analyst feelings of love, dependence and anger”
(Wikipedia, 2017)

Psychodynamic Therapy:

- Psychodynamic therapy still uses Freudian principles at its base,


and particularly the work with ‘the unconscious’

- It also incorporates other theories based on those ideas (‘the


unconscious’ or ‘the subconscious’), for example the work of Carl
Jung and his theory of the ‘collective unconscious’ and the
‘Archetypes of the Self’, and the ‘developmental stages’ of Erik
Erikson

Psychoanalysis & Psychodynamic:

“The words psychodynamic and psychoanalytic are often confused.


Remember that Freud’s theories were psychoanalytic, whereas the
term ‘psychodynamic’ refers to both his theories and those of his
followers. Freud’s psychoanalysis is both a theory and a
therapy.” (McLeod, SimplyPsychology, 2007)

When dealing with the client, who has stress- and/or anger -
related issues, look at the following:

- what situations cause the person stress and/or anger


- what is possible and not possible to change in the client’s situation
- how does the client usually responds to the provoking situations
- is client willing to adopt a different attitude and behaviour in order
to improve situation

What Psychodynamic Therapy is used for:

- “Psychodynamic therapy can be useful for both general distress


and more specific issues. Some examples of problems for which it
is helpful include:
• repeated disappointments in relationships
• discouragement, depression, loneliness
• anxiety and fears
• low self-esteem
• fear of emotional intimacy, closeness, and trusting others
• inability to sustain feelings of pleasure or happiness
• self-destructive behavior patterns
• lack of goals, difficulty in concentrating or feeling motivated
• physical problems that have a psychological origin” (http://
cbtvspsychodynamic.com/index.html)
Recommended Literature:
‘Psychodynamic Therapy: A Guide to Evidence-Based
Practice’ (2012), R.F. Summers and J.P.Barber

‘Freud and the History of Psychoanalysis’ (2013), by T.Gelfand &


J.Kerr

Recommended Websites:
‘Core principles of Psychodynamic Therapy’: Good Therapy.
Available from: http://www.goodtherapy.org/learn-about-therapy/
types/psychodynamic

‘What is Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy?’: British Psychoanalytic


Council. Available from: https://www.bpc.org.uk/about-
psychotherapy/what-psychotherapy

Copyright: ©Elmira Strange

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