Worksheet No: 1

Ch.11-The Human Eye and The Colourful World

(excluding the colour of the sun at sunrise and sunset)
Subject: Science (Physics) Grade: 10
Name: Date:

MCQ’s
1. At noon the sun appears white as:
(a) light is least scattered
(b) all the colours of the white light are scattered away
(c) blue colour is scattered the most
(d) red colour is scattered the most

2. Twinkling of stars is due to atmospheric:

(a) dispersion of light by water droplets
(b) refraction of light by different layers of varying refractive indices
(c) scattering of light by dust particles
(d) internal reflection of light by clouds

3. The clear sky appears blue because:

(a) blue light gets absorbed in the atmosphere
(b) ultraviolet radiations are absorbed in the atmosphere
(c) violet and blue lights get scattered more than lights of all other colours by the atmosphere
(d) light of all other colours is scattered more than the violet and blue colour lights by the atmosphere.

4. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the propagation of light of different colours of
white light in air?
(a) Red light moves fastest.
(b) Blue light moves faster than green light.
(c) All the colours of the white light move with the same speed.
(d) Yellow light moves with the mean speed as that of the red and the violet light.

5. The danger signals installed at the top of tall buildings are red in colour. These can be easily seen from a
distance because among all other colours, the red light:
(a) is scattered the most by smoke or fog
(b) is scattered the least by smoke or fog
(c) is absorbed the most by smoke or fog
(d) moves fastest in air.

6. Advanced sunrise and delayed sunset are explained on the basis of:
(a) Tyndall effect
(b) scattering of light
(c) dispersion of light
(d) atmospheric refraction

7. The bluish colour of water in deep sea is due to:

(a) the presence of algae and other plants found in water
(b) reflection of sky in water
(c) scattering of light
(d) absorption of light by the sea.
8. To an astronaut, the sky appears:
(a) blue
(b) red
(c) white
(d) dark

9. How many times does a ray of light bend on passing through a prism?
(a) Once
(b) Twice
(c) Thrice
(d) Four times

Assertion Reason Questions-

DIRECTION : In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason
(R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

1. Assertion: Colour of sky is blue.

Reason: Colour of blue end of spectrum get scattered due to their smaller wavelengths.

2. Assertion: Planets do not twinkle.

Reason: Planets do not show the phenomenon of scattering.

3. Assertion: When a light ray is refracted through a glass prism, emergent ray is parallel to
incident ray.
Reason: Two sides of prism doing refraction are parallel to each other.

4. Assertion: A rainbow is a natural spectrum appearing in the sky after a rain shower.
Reason: It is caused by reflection of sunlight by tiny water droplets present in the
atmosphere.

5. Assertion: Sun is visible to us 2 minutes after the actual sunrise and about 2 minutes
before the actual sunset.
Reason: It is caused due to rotation and revolution of earth.

Section B- 2 Marks:
1. Draw a neat diagram to show the refraction of a light ray through a glass prism and label on it the
angle of incidence and angle of deviation.
OR
What is the scattering of light? Explain with the help of an example.
2. A person is not able to see distinctly the objects placed beyond 90 cm from him. Giving reasons to
identify the defect in his eye. Determine the nature of lens used to correct this defect.
OR
A star appears on the horizon. What is the true position of the star? Explain with the help of a
diagram.
3. Why there is no dispersion of light refracted through a rectangular glass slab.
OR
 What is meant by near point and far point of an eye? State their values of the normal
human eye.
4. Which component of white light deviates (i) the least and (ii) the most while passing through a
glass prism? State the reason of this difference in deviation.
OR
Name the part of eye where images formed in a normal human eye. State how the image position
changes in myopia and hypermetropia.
5. Mention the factor on which scattering of light depends. Why does the sky appear dark in space?
OR
No rainbow could be observed from the surface of the moon by the astronauts. Give reason.

6. Why does the colour of the sky appear blue? Explain in brief.
OR
What type of spectacles should be worn by a person having the defects of myopia as well as
hypermetropia? How does it help?

7. What would the sky look if the earth had no atmosphere? Why?
OR
How do we see colours?

8. What is meant by near point of a human eye?

OR
Write the role of the following parts of an eye: (a) Pupil, (b) Retina, (c) Optic nerve.

Section C- 3 Marks:
1. (a) Define power of a lens and write its S.I. unit.
(b) A convex lens of power 4 D is placed at a distance of 40 cm from a wall. At what distance from
the lens should a candle be placed so that its image is formed on the wall?

2. (a) Explain in brief, convex lens is converging in nature.

(b) A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm from it.
Where is the needle placed in front of convex lens if the image is equal to the size of the
object? Also find the power of the lens.

3. You are given a convex lens of focal length 10 cm. Where will you place an object to get a real, inverted
and highly enlarged image of the object. Draw a ray diagram.

4. (a) Ravi kept a book at a distance of 10 cm from the eyes of his friend Hari. Hari is not able to read
anything written on the book. Explain why?
(b) A lens of focal length 5.0 cm is being used by a student in the laboratory as a magnifying glass. His least
distance of distinct vision is 25 cm. What magnification is the student getting?

5. State the cause of dispersion of white light by a glass prism. How did Newton using two identical glass
prisms, show that white light is made of seven colours? Draw a ray diagram to show the path of a narrow
beam of while light through a combination of two identical prisms arranged together in inverted position
with respect to each other when it is allowed to fall obliquely on one of the faces of the first prism of the
combination?

6. (i) Least distance of distinct vision of a long-sighted person is 40 cm. He wishes to reduce it to 25 cm by
using spectacles. Find the power and nature of the lens used by him.
(ii) Draw a ray diagram to show the correction of the defect by using an appropriate lens.

7. The near point of a person suffering from hypermetropia is 75 cm. Calculate the focal length and power
of the lens required to enable him to read the newspaper which is kept at 25 cm from the eye.

8. While sitting in the last row, a student has difficulty in reading the blackboard clearly. State the defect of
vision the student is suffering from. Mention two causes of this defect. Suggest a suitable lens for the
correction of this defect.

9. Is it possible that people using spectacles or those who have been operated on for cataracts
donate their eyes?

10. A camera in many ways is similar to the human eye, still, there are some basic differences in image
formation between the two. Explain.

11. (a) What is the function of pupil in the human eye?

(b) What is the far point and near point of human eye with normal vision?
(c) A student has difficulty reading the blackboard while sitting in the last row. What could be the
defect the child is suffering from?

12. (a) Ravi kept a book at a distance of 10 cm from the eyes of his friend Hari. Hari is not able to
read anything written on the book. Explain why?
(b) A lens of focal length 5.0 cm is being used by a student in the laboratory as a magnifying
glass. His least distance of distinct vision is 25 cm. What magnification is the student getting?

13. (a) What do you mean by the ciliary muscles?

(b) What is the minimum focal length of eye lens of a normal person?
(c) What is the maximum focal length of eye lens of normal person?
(d) A near-sighted man can clearly see object only up-to a distance of 100 cm and not beyond
this. What is the number of the spectacle’s lens necessary for the remedy of this defect?

14. Why does it take some time to see the objects in a dim-lit room when we enter the room from
bright sunlight outside?
OR
Give reason: (a) Danger signals are red.
(b) We cannot see an object clearly if it is placed very close to the eyes.

5 Marks Questions:
1. (a) A student is unable to see clearly the worlds written on the blackboard placed at a distance of
approximately 3 m from him. Name the defect of vision the boy is suffering from State the
possible causes of this defect and explain the method of correcting it.
(b) Why do stars twinkle? Explain.

2. (a) Calculate maximum power of accommodation of a person having normal vision.

(b) A person needs to use glasses for reading newspaper. Identify the defect in her vision and the
type of lens she would need to correct it.
(c) Sometimes when we enter into a dark room from bright sunlight, we are unable to see objects
clearly. Why?

3. Account for the following:

(a) Part of the human eye that helps in changing the focal length of the eye lens.
 (b) The condition resulting due to the eye lens becoming cloudy.
(c) The factors on which colour of the scattered white light depends.
(d) The range of vision of a normal eye.
(e) The sky appears dark to the astronauts in the space.

4. (a) Demonstrate an activity with a well labelled diagram to prove that white light is made up of
seven colours.
(b) Which colour of light bends least and which one the most while passing out from the prism.
Also state the reason for the same.

5. A person cannot see the objects distinctly, when placed at a distance less than 50 cm.
(a) Identify the defect of vision.
(b) Give two reasons for this defect.
(c) Calculate the power and nature of the lens he should be using to see clearly the object placed
(d) at a distance of 25 cm from his eyes.
(e) Draw the ray diagrams for the defective and the corrected eye.

Case Study Questions:

1. A person is suffering from hypermetropia (long sightedness). It is a defect in which a human eye can see
far off object clearly but is unable to see nearby object distinctly. The near point of the person is 1.5 m.
Assume that the near point of the normal eye is 25 cm.

(i) What type of lens should be used in his spectacles?

(ii) What should be the focal length of the lens he used?
(iii) What will be the power of the lens?
OR
(iv) Write one possible cause of this defect.

2. The human eye is like a camera. Its lens system forms an image on a light-sensitive screen called the
retina. Light enters the eye through a thin membrane called the cornea. It forms the transparent bulge on
the front surface of the eyeball as shown in the figure. The crystalline lens merely provides the finer
adjustment of focal length required to focus objects at different distances on the retina. We find a
structure called iris behind the cornea. Iris is a dark muscular diaphragm that controls the size of the pupil.
The pupil regulates and controls the amount of light entering the eye. The Human Eye there are mainly
three common refractive defects of vision. These are:
(i) myopia or near-sightedness
(ii) hypermetropia or far-sightedness.
(iii) Presbyopia.
These defects can be corrected by the use of suitable spherical lenses.
(i) What is the function of pupil in the human eye?
(ii) What is the far point and near point of human eye with normal vision?
(iii) A student has difficulty reading the blackboard while sitting in the last row. What could be the defect
the child is suffering from?
OR
(iv) What is the function of iris in human eye?

3. The ciliary muscle muscles of eye control the curvature of the lens in the eye and hence can alter the
effective focal length of the system. When the muscles are fully relaxed, the focal length is maximum.
When the muscles are strained the curvature of lens increases (that means radius of curvature decreases)
and focal length decreases. For a clear vision the image must be on retina. The image distance is therefore
fixed for clear vision and it equals the distance of retina from eye-lens. It is about 2.5 cm for a grown-up
person. A person can theoretically have clear vision of objects situated at any large distance from the eye.
The smallest distance at which a person can clearly see is related to minimum possible focal length. The
ciliary muscles are most strained in this position. For an average grown-up person minimum distance of
object should be around 25 cm. A person suffering for eye defects uses spectacles (Eye glass). The function
of lens of spectacles is to form the image of the objects within the range in which person can see clearly.
The image of the spectacle-lens becomes object for eye-lens and whose image is formed on retina. The
number of spectacle-lens used for the remedy of eye defect is decided by the power of the lens required
and the number of spectacle-lens is equal to the numerical value of the power of lens with sign.

(i) What do you mean by the ciliary muscles?

(ii) What is the minimum focal length of the eye lens of a normal person?
(iii) What is the maximum focal length of eye lens of normal person?
OR
(iv) A near-sighted man can clearly see object only up-to a distance of 100 cm and not beyond this. What is
the number of the spectacle’s lens necessary for the remedy of this defect?

Please read NCERT thoroughly and practice diagrams and Numericals in writing.