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Automobile SSB 2year 12.05.2020

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17 views5 pages

Automobile SSB 2year 12.05.2020

Uploaded by

redza.techtra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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S.S.

B
Date:- 12/05/2020 Class:- Diploma 4th sem (Auto)
Unit:- Steering Topic:- Electronic Power steering
Sub. Teacher:- Mr. Abhishek Chandra Bhatt

MAINTENANCE

1. EPS control unit.


2. EPS motor and resolver.
3. Reduction gear.
4. Torque sensor.
It is important for vehicles to be as fuel efficient as possible. That is where an
electronic power steering (EPS) system comes in handy.
By eliminating the power steering pump which can use up to 10 hp under load, an
EPS system provides up to a 2% increase in fuel economy over the conventional
system. Another benefit of having an electric steering system is that it eliminates
the use of hoses and fluid, therefore eliminating power steering leaks as well as a
reduction in weight.
Electronic power steering systems are becoming widely popular among auto
manufacturers due to the fact that they provide a more refined feel that can be
adjusted as needed.

The EPS system consists of four major components: the EPS control module which
collects data from the EPS components and sends out the required information; the
EPS motor, its speed strength and direction controlled by the EPS Control Unit; the
reduction gear, which inputs the power assist to the steering rack assembly; and
torque sensor, which monitors the driver’s input and the EPS system’s mechanical
output.

The EPS is powered by a permanent magnet alternating current motor and is not
dependent on the engine for its power source so steering feel is not affected when
the engine is shut off. The torque sensor itself has two independent coils of wire.
One of the coils determines if a right hand turn is being made, the other coil
determines if a left is being made. The signal is then sent from the EPS module to
the appropriate coil, which will assist the vehicle in steering.

How electronic power steering works


A hybrid type of electronic power steering has been in place for some time now, but
that included the use of an electric motor to drive a hydraulic pump.

The new version of EPS is all electronic. The system works by incorporating
information with the EPS control unit, EPS motor, reduction gear and torque sensor.

An EPS system works by using a pinion gear assist that provides the power assist by
rotating the pinion gear. The reduction gear is press fitted onto a set of splines on
the pinion shaft and delivers the assist to the rack gear instead of pushing on the
rack gear as in a hydraulic system.

The steering gear itself is a manual rack with an electric motor mounted on the
steering column or the rack. When the driver turns the wheel, a steering sensor
detects the position and rate of rotation of the steering wheel. This information
along with input from a torque sensor mounted in the steering shaft is sent to the
power steering control module. The system also uses other inputs from vehicle
speed sensors and the traction control system which are factored in to determine
how much steering assist is required. The control module then tells the motor to
rotate the required amount.

Attached to the motor is the motor resolver sensor, which measures the rotation of
the motor and sends the data to the EPS control module.

Different surfaces will require different amounts of steering assist. For example, a
vehicle traveling on pavement will require much less steering assist than a vehicle
traveling on sand or snow. With the EPS system working with other sensors, it can
much more easily provide the required assistance for any kind of terrain and vehicle
speed.

Electric power steering modes


• Normal mode — Left and right assist is provided in response to inputs and vehicle
speed. During normal operation power assist levels will decrease as the vehicle
speed increases.

• Assist limitation — Will occur if there is a problem with the information going back
to the EPS control module, overheating of the EPS module or a malfunction with the
controller area network.

• Assist off — System is turned off if there is a problem with any of the major EPS
components.
A reduction gear drives the EPS motor during Assist Off mode resulting in extra
effort to manually steer the vehicle.

The steering warning light will illuminate during the light check cycle and when the
EPS is in assist off mode. The steering warning light will not illuminate during limited
assist operation. By turning the steering wheel all the way to one side, it will cause
the EPS system to provide the maximum amount of current to the EPS motor.

If the steering wheel is then held in this position for an extended period of time, the
system will go into protection mode so the motor doesn’t overheat. If this occurs
the EPS system will limit the amount of current to the motor and reduce the level of
power assist. If it senses high system temperature the overload protection mode
will enable. If a sensor or other another component in the EPS system fails, the self-
diagnostics should detect the fault, set a code and disable power-assist. Though
power steering hoses and fluid were eliminated, there are still going to be other
parts that malfunction over time. Most system malfunctions present problems such
as:
• Heavy steering: Check torque sensor, power steering motor, speed sensors,
powers steering ECU, and ECU source voltage.
• Uneven steering between right and left: Check calibration of torque sensor (built
into steering column), power steering motor, power steering ECU or wheel
alignment.

• Steering effort doesn’t decrease while driving: Check torque sensor, power
steering motor, power steering ECU.

• Knocking when turning steering wheel: Steering intermediate shaft, ball joint.

• Noise or vibration in steering wheel: Check power steering gear, steering column.
•Squeaking – Power steering motor.

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