UNIT - 1 (Digital and Social Media)
UNIT - 1 (Digital and Social Media)
● SEO (Search Engine Optimization): Making your website more visible in search engine
results, so people can find you easily when they search for related topics.
● SEM (Search Engine Marketing): Paying for ads on search engines like Google to reach
more people searching for your products or services.
● Social Media Marketing: Promoting your business on social media platforms like Facebook
and Instagram to engage with customers and build relationships.
● Content Marketing: Creating helpful content like blogs and videos to attract and keep your
audience's interest.
● Email Marketing: Sending emails to your subscribers to share news, promotions, and other
updates.
● Influencer Marketing: Partnering with popular people on social media to promote your
products to their followers.
● Affiliate Marketing: Working with partners who help you sell products in exchange for a
commission.
● Online Advertising: Using ads on websites and apps to reach specific audiences.
1. Print Advertising: This includes ads in newspapers, magazines, brochures, and flyers. Print
ads are a classic form of reaching a wide audience and can be tailored to specific
publications or localities.
2. Television and Radio Advertising: Broadcasting ads on TV and radio allows businesses to
reach a broad audience. These mediums are particularly effective for building brand
awareness.
3. Outdoor Advertising: Also known as out-of-home (OOH) advertising, this includes
billboards, posters, and signs placed in public spaces to attract attention and increase
visibility.
4. Direct Mail: Sending physical mail such as catalogs, postcards, and letters to potential
customers. Direct mail can be targeted based on demographics or geographic location.
5. Event Marketing: Sponsoring or hosting events such as trade shows, conferences, or
community events. These activities allow businesses to connect with customers in person
and build relationships.
6. Public Relations (PR): Managing a business's public image through press releases, media
relations, and other tactics. PR can help increase brand awareness and credibility.
7. Promotions and Discounts: Offering sales, coupons, and other incentives to encourage
customers to buy products or services.
Print media (newspapers, magazines), TV, radio, Online platforms (websites, social media,
Channels
billboards, email,
Limited ability to change campaigns once High flexibility to adjust and optimize
Flexibility
launched campaigns quickly
based on performance
Generally longer-lasting campaigns (e.g., print Shorter campaign cycles, allowing for rapid
Lifespan
ads, TV ads) iteration
Limited by distribution channels and regional Offers global reach through online
Global Reach
restrictions presence
Often relies on local or regional presence and Easily accessible to anyone with an
Accessibility
connections internet connection
1. Wider Reach:
● Digital marketing allows businesses to reach a global audience through online
platforms, expanding their market.
2. Targeted Marketing:
● Businesses can target specific demographics, interests, and behaviors to reach the
right audience with precision.
3. Cost-Effective:
● Digital marketing can be more affordable than traditional marketing, with options like
pay-per-click (PPC) and social media advertising.
4. Measurable Results:
● Detailed analytics and data tracking provide insights into campaign performance,
allowing for informed decision-making.
5. Real-Time Engagement:
● Digital marketing enables businesses to interact with customers in real-time through
social media, live chat, and other channels.
6. Personalization:
● Businesses can tailor content and messaging based on user preferences and data,
increasing customer engagement.
7. Flexibility and Agility:
● Digital marketing campaigns can be adjusted quickly based on performance data,
allowing for rapid optimization.
8. Innovative Marketing Techniques:
● Opportunities for innovation include interactive content, virtual and augmented
reality, and influencer partnerships.
9. Integration with E-commerce:
● Seamless integration with e-commerce platforms enhances the customer journey
and simplifies purchases.
10.Higher ROI Potential:
● With precise targeting and cost-effective campaigns, digital marketing can offer a
high return on investment.
Cons of Digital Marketing:
1. Intense Competition:
● The digital space is crowded, and businesses must work hard to stand out from
competitors.
2. Ad Blockers:
● Some users employ ad-blocking software, which can limit the reach and
effectiveness of digital ads.
3. Privacy Concerns:
● Collecting user data raises privacy concerns and requires compliance with data
protection regulations.
4. Dependence on Technology:
● Technical issues, website downtime, or platform changes can impact digital
marketing efforts.
5. Evolving Algorithms:
● Search engines and social media platforms frequently update their algorithms,
affecting visibility and reach.
6. Learning Curve:
● Digital marketing involves a range of tools and platforms, requiring ongoing learning
and adaptation.
7. Negative Feedback and Reviews:
● Negative feedback can spread quickly online, potentially harming a business's
reputation.
8. Content Saturation:
● The abundance of online content can make it challenging to capture and retain
audience attention.
9. Ad Fatigue:
● Overexposure to ads can lead to ad fatigue, causing users to ignore or block ads.
Discuss various factors that are responsible for evolution of digital marketing.
1. Technological Advancements:
● Internet and Broadband: The widespread availability of the internet and high-speed
connections has enabled businesses to reach customers online.
● Mobile Technology: The rise of smartphones and mobile devices has led to a
significant shift towards mobile-friendly content and advertising.
● Emerging Technologies: Developments such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine
learning, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) have opened new avenues
for innovative marketing techniques.
2. Changes in Consumer Behavior:
● Online Shopping: Consumers are increasingly using the internet to research
products and make purchases online, driving the need for businesses to establish an
online presence.
● Social Media Engagement: Social media platforms have become an integral part of
daily life, influencing how businesses interact with customers and promote products.
● Demand for Personalization: Consumers expect personalized experiences,
prompting businesses to tailor content and messaging to individual preferences.
3. Data Availability and Analytics:
● Data Collection: The ability to collect and analyze large amounts of data has
provided businesses with insights into customer behavior and preferences.
● Data-Driven Decision Making: Marketers can use data to inform strategies, optimize
campaigns, and measure the success of digital marketing efforts.
4. Shifts in Advertising and Marketing Channels:
● Rise of Social Media: Social media platforms have become important advertising
channels, enabling businesses to target specific audiences and engage with
customers directly.
● Influencer Marketing: Collaborations with influencers have become a popular
strategy for reaching niche audiences and building brand credibility.
● Content Marketing: The focus on creating valuable and engaging content has
become a key strategy for attracting and retaining customers.
5. E-commerce Growth:
● Online Marketplaces: The success of platforms like Amazon and eBay has driven
businesses to establish their own e-commerce presence.
● Seamless Integration: The integration of digital marketing with e-commerce
platforms enhances the customer journey and simplifies purchases.
6. Regulations and Compliance:
● Data Protection Laws: Regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation
(GDPR) have prompted businesses to prioritize user privacy and data security.
● Transparency: Businesses are increasingly expected to be transparent about how
they collect and use customer data.
7. Changing Business Models:
● Subscription Services: The rise of subscription-based business models has
influenced digital marketing strategies to focus on customer retention and lifetime
value.
● Online-First Startups: Many modern businesses are digital-native and focus on
online channels for marketing and sales from the outset.
8. Globalization:
● International Markets: Digital marketing allows businesses to reach customers
around the world, leading to strategies that cater to different cultural and regional
preferences.
● Cross-Border E-commerce: Online shopping across borders has become more
common, requiring businesses to adapt their marketing to different markets.
“The modern digital customer journey begins with self- evaluation, and this customer “self- education”
begins with social.” Summarize this statement.
The statement emphasizes the changing nature of the modern digital customer journey, which
begins with customers actively educating themselves online before making purchasing decisions.
This self-education process starts with social media and involves several key aspects:
Pull Marketing:
Pull marketing, also known as inbound marketing, is a strategy where businesses focus on
attracting customers by providing valuable content and creating a strong brand presence. The
goal is to draw customers to the business naturally through interest and engagement.
● Inbound Tactics: Pull marketing relies on inbound methods such as content marketing,
search engine optimization (SEO), social media marketing, and influencer partnerships.
● Long-Term Relationship Building: The strategy aims to build lasting relationships with
customers by providing them with useful and relevant content.
● Customer Engagement: Pull marketing encourages two-way communication and
interaction with customers.
● Attracting Interested Customers: The strategy targets customers who are already
interested in the product or service, making them more likely to convert.
Brand equity refers to the value that a brand adds to a product or service beyond its functional
attributes. It represents the worth of the brand, which can influence how customers perceive,
recognize, and respond to the brand. This value can be both tangible and intangible,
encompassing factors such as customer loyalty, brand recognition, perceived quality, and
emotional connection. When a brand has strong equity, customers are more likely to choose its
products over competitors, even if the products are similar.
1. Brand Awareness:
● The extent to which customers can recognize or recall a brand.
● Strong brand awareness can lead to increased customer trust and preference.
2. Brand Loyalty:
● Customers' commitment to a brand, resulting in repeat purchases and advocacy.
● High brand loyalty can lead to stable revenue streams and lower marketing costs.
3. Perceived Quality:
● Customers' perception of the overall quality of a brand's products or services.
● Perceived quality can influence purchase decisions and customer satisfaction.
4. Brand Associations:
● The attributes, benefits, and images that customers associate with a brand.
● Positive associations can enhance brand equity and differentiate a brand from
competitors.
5. Other Proprietary Assets:
● Intangible assets such as patents, trademarks, and distribution channels that
provide a competitive advantage.
Customer-based brand equity (CBBE) is a model that focuses on the relationship between
customers and a brand, emphasizing the perspective of the customer. This model suggests that
brand equity is built through customer experiences and perceptions of the brand.
The most well-known model of customer-based brand equity is the CBBE model proposed by
Kevin Lane Keller, which includes four main levels:
1. Brand Identity:
● This level involves creating brand awareness so that customers can recognize and
recall the brand.
● It includes building associations with the brand name, logo, and other visual and
verbal elements.
2. Brand Meaning:
● This level encompasses the functional and emotional associations customers have
with the brand.
● It includes perceived quality and brand associations, such as specific product
features or brand values.
3. Brand Response:
● This level involves customers' judgments and feelings about the brand.
● Judgments may include opinions on quality, credibility, and consideration, while
feelings involve emotional responses.
4. Brand Resonance:
● The highest level of the CBBE model, brand resonance refers to the depth of the
relationship customers have with the brand.
● It includes loyalty, attachment, engagement, and a sense of community with the
brand.
1. Scope:
● Define the scope of the digital marketing campaign by outlining its goals and
objectives.
● Consider the target audience, the desired outcomes, and the overall vision for the
campaign.
● Establish key performance indicators (KPIs) to measure success and guide
decision-making.
2. Strategy:
● Develop a clear strategy to achieve the defined goals and objectives.
● Decide which digital channels (e.g., social media, email marketing, search engine
optimization) to use and how they will work together.
● Plan the customer journey and the steps that will lead customers from awareness to
conversion.
3. Structure:
● Determine the structure of the campaign, including the resources, budget, and team
roles needed to execute it.
● Define the timelines, responsibilities, and workflows for different aspects of the
campaign.
● Organize the digital assets and content needed for the campaign.
4. System:
● Set up the necessary systems and tools to support the digital marketing campaign.
● Implement marketing automation, customer relationship management (CRM), and
data analytics tools.
● Establish processes for tracking and analyzing campaign performance.
5. Skills:
● Ensure the team has the necessary skills and expertise to execute the campaign
effectively.
● Provide training and support for team members to stay updated on the latest digital
marketing trends and best practices.
● Consider outsourcing certain tasks or working with experts if necessary.
6. Style:
● Define the brand's style and tone of voice to maintain consistency across all digital
marketing efforts.
● Create cohesive and engaging content that aligns with the brand's identity and
resonates with the target audience.
● Adapt the brand style to suit different digital channels while maintaining overall
consistency.