VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL

UNIVERSITY BELAGAVI, KARNATAKA – 590018

Project Synopsis

‘‘Design and fabrication of Arduino based Robotic

Arm for farm security”
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

By

Shahid D Peerjade 4SO19ME091

N R Hritish 4SO19ME063
Sujan Kumar SN 4SO19ME102
Nikhil R 4SO19ME070

Under the guidance of

Dr. Canute Sherwin

Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering

ST JOSEPH ENGINEERING COLLEGE

MANGALURU 575028
2022-2023
 ABSTRACT

This project used to design the robotic manipulator which simulates movement to the grip and an
object is also known as Robotic Arm. This robotic arm is used to watch the farm by using cameras
and should rotate in order to identify any odd noises like breaking glass or doors and movements of an
animal that escaped the farm or suspicious movements of thieve. This setup also contains fire
detecting sensors to detect any fires in the farm in order to save the animals.

The camera in this system will keep an eye on the farm and detect any impediments using sensors
that detect noise, movement, and fire. These sensors gather data, transmit it to the Arduino, and then
the camera receives it. Preprogrammed Arduino connected servo motors rotate the camera and arm
under control. In order to get updates from the farm, this arrangement was connected to the owner's
mobile device or operating system. This will safeguard the farm.

The operator's screen, which is linked to the camera that captures the farm and is coupled to
motion and noise detectors that direct the camera, displays the output of this system. The fire
detecting sensor in this system alerts us to a fire.

Security robots should be used in a variety of workplaces, including agriculture, hospitals, homes,
the military, and many businesses. They aid to monitor or provide safety to the area that is under their
control. The risk of theft, labour costs, and fire hazards are all significantly decreased.

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‘‘Design and fabrication of Arduino based Robotic Arm for farm security ”

1. Introduction

Robotic Arms are used in various industries and operation in a hazardous environment. The robotic
manipulator is very expensive due to its accuracy and precision. The robotic manipulator can reduce
human work to a greater extent which in turn can lead to faster progress of industry. The robotic arm
can be evaluated, such as backlash, payload, speed, repeatability, compliance, human safety, and cost.
The forward and reverse kinematics are the day-to-day methods used in robotic industries. A robotic
arm is a type of mechanical arm, usually programmable, with the arm may be the total mechanism or
maybe the part of a more complex robot.
Robotics Kinematic deals with study of motion without considering the forces acting on the
robot structure. Forward kinematics required position and orientation are determined from a given set
of joint angles. Inverse Kinematics Joint angles of all joints in the arm are determined from position
and orientation. Human safety is difficult if the manipulator is to be used close to the paper. Arduino
mega is used as the brain of the robotic arm. The Arduino is programmed in such a way that the robot
manipulator is controlled. some of the earliest Robots of the mid-20th century were devices mostly
controlled nearby humans or were simple tools able to perform the limited task

2. Literature survey

A survey on Arduino Controlled Robotic Arm by Ankur Bhargava.

In this paper, a 5 Degree of Freedom (DOF) robotic arm has been developed. It is controlled
by the Arduino Uno microcontroller which accepts input signals from a user a set of potentiometers.
The Robotic Manipulator is made from four rotary joints and an end effector, where rotary motion
is provided by a servomotor. Each link has been first designed using Solid works Sheet Metal
Working Toolbox and then fabricated using a 2mm thick Aluminum sheet. The servomotors and
links thus produced assemble.

Review on development of industrial robotic Manipulator by Rahul Gautam

This selective operation robotic control method is needed to be overcome the problem such as
placing or picking objects that at distant from the worker.The robotic Manipulator has been developed
successfully as the movement of the robot can be controlled precisely. It is expensive to change the
cable and therefore the design to reduce the friction on a table, is crucial to increase the time between
maintenance.

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‘‘Design and fabrication of Arduino based Robotic Arm for farm security ”

Survey on Design and Development of competitive low-cost Robot Arm with Four Degrees of
Freedom by Ashraf Elsassian
In this paper, the representation of the design, development,and implementation of the robot arm
is done, which can perform simple tasks, such as light material. The robotic arm is designed and made
from acrylic material where servo motors are used to perform links between arms. The servo motors
consist of an encoder so that no need to use a controller. However, the rotation range of the servo
motor is less than 180º, which greatly decreases the region reached by the arm and the possible
positions. The design of the robot Manipulator was for four degrees of freedom. The end effector is
not considered while designing because a readily available gripper is used as it is much easier and
economical to use a commercial.

3. Objective of the project work

• This system gives security to the farm by monitoring it.

• Reduce the labour cost in the farming .
• Detection of fire accidents
• 24/7 surveillance with minimal need for human intervention
• Early identification and tracking illegal activities

4. Methodology

The robotic manipulator works on the principle of electrical input energy to perform some
mechanical work effectively with the help of some automation and program-based. Linear joint –
links move in a linear fashion considering their joint when actuated. Rotary joint – links move in
rotary fashion concerning its joint when actuated. The robotic arm consists of a servo motor which
is used for angular rotations. This servomotor used works on the principle of Fleming's righthand
rule and is controlled using an Arduino circuit board. Degrees of freedom is defined as the ability of
a joint to produce linear or rotary movement when actuated. The number of DOF for a robot is equal
to the number of joint axes in the robotic arm.

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‘‘Design and fabrication of Arduino based Robotic Arm for farm security ”

Block diagram

5. Components

• Servo Motor
The two major servo motors are used in the robotic arm, one for the base movements and two on
the side of the base plate two transmit the motion through the various links to the arm. The servo
motor is bolted to the base plate it keeps it fixed and avoids vibrations during the actual operations.
A rotary actuator is consisting of a suitable motor coupled to a sensor for position feedback. It
requires a relatively sophisticated controller, often a dedicated module designed specifically for use
with servo motors.

• Connectors
The device that is used to join electrical terminations and create an electrical circuit is called an
electrical connector. These are electro-mechanical devices consist of plugs called male-ended and
jacks called femaleended. Connection may be temporary, as for portable equipment, require a tool
for assemble and removal, or serve as a permanent electrical joint between two wires or devices.In
our project, we used only the male-to-male connectors or the plugs for the connections.
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‘‘Design and fabrication of Arduino based Robotic Arm for farm security ”

• Arduino Mega
By sending servo signals a servo control can be obtained, a series of repeating pulses variable width
where either the width of the pulse (most common modern hobby servos) or duty cycle of pulse train
and determines the position to be achieved by the MG995. The controller integrates the digital
command signal into the analog parameter like the movement of the servo motor shaft.With the help
of the controller, we can upload the program regarding the movements of the servos. By using the
controller, we can control the number of servos at a time and synchronize the operation of the servo
for -operation of any servo in any sequence and -to synchronize actuation of four servos sequentially
in a loop programmed.

• Motor Driver L293D

The L293D is a popular 16-Pin Motor Driver C. As the name suggested is mainly used as drive
motors. A single L293D IC is capable of working two DC motors at the same time; also, the direction
of these two motors can be controlled independently. If you have servo motors that have operating
voltage less than 36V and operating current less than 600mA, which are controlled by digital circuits
like 555 timers, digital gates, Op-Amp, Micron rollers like Arduino, PIC, ARM.

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‘‘Design and fabrication of Arduino based Robotic Arm for farm security ”

6. Conclusion
This report presents the design and the development of a robotic arm, which can perform simple
tasks, such as light material handling. The robotic arm is designed and built from aircraft-grade
aluminum material where servo motors were used to perform arm movements. The design of the robotic
arm is limited to the four degrees of freedom the design of a robotic arm has been complete. The
prototype was Built and confirmed functional. This system would make it easier for human to unrivaled
the risk of handling suspicious objects which could be hazardous in its present environment and
workplace. Complex duties would be achieved faster and more accurately with this design.

7. Project Outcomes (PROs)

Keywords Apply Solve Design Conduct Engineering Take up

(PO/PSO) Knowledge problem and Investing and society and
analysis action research
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6
PRO1 X X
PRO2 X X
PRO3 X X
PRO4 X

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8.

9. Timeline

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10. References:

[1] Kurt E. C, Shang Y, A Geometric Approach for the Robotic arm kinematics with
hardware design, Electrical Design and implementation, Journal of robotics, 2010,
Volume 10.
[2] Rahman A, Khan A. H, Dr. Ahmed T, Md Sajjad M, Design analysis and
Implementation of Robotic arm –The Animator, American Journal of Engineering
Research, 2013, Volume 2, Issue 10.
[3] Gautam R, Gedam A, Zade A, Mahawadiwar A, Review On Development of
Industrial robotic arm, IRJET, March 2017, Volume 4, Issue 3.
[4] Omijeh B. O, Uhunmwangho R, Ehikhamenle M, Design Analysis of a remote-
controlled "Pick and Place" Robotic Vehicle, International Journal of Engineering
Research And Development, 2014, Volume 10, Issue 5.
[5] Katal G, Gupta S, Kakkar K, Design and Operation of Synchronized Robotic Arm,
IJRET, Aug 2013, Volume 2, Issue 8.
[6] Gunasekaran K, Design and analysis of articulated Inspection arm of a robot,
International journals for trends

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Details of Group members

Name USN Section Signature

Shahid D Peerjade 4SO19ME091 M2

N R Hritish 4SO19ME063 M2

Sujan Kumar SN 4SO19ME102 M2

Nikhil R 4SO19ME070 M2

Mini Project Guide: Dr. Canute Sherwin

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