SCENARIO 1: (Items 1 to 11 relate to this scenario)

Most people will live to experience ageing. Age-related deterioration is affecting an ever-growing number of
people all over the world. The theories of ageing seek to explain the physical, social and psychological
dimensions of the process.

1. The theory that speaks to the loss of power, status and position by the elderly is otherwise called?
Select one:
a. Inheritance theory
b. Social theory
c. Modernization theory
d. Biological theory

2. Which of the following theories of ageing has the components of urbanization, mass education,
technological changes and advancement in growth of economic production?
Select one:
a. Cell death theory
b. Pituitary gland theory
c. Evolution theory
d. Modernization theory

3. The theory that explains the thought processes and behaviors of ageing persons is the ---------
theory.
Select one:
a. Psycho-social
b. Psychological
c. Biological
d. Human and social

4. The concept that in every society the elderly undergo a process of adjustment to narrow their
social world to family and friends refers to which theory of ageing?
Select one:
a. Activity
b. Engagement
c. Disengagement
d. Upward movement

5. Which of the following theories of ageing enables individuals to die without the stress and strain of
a fuller participation in social life?
Select one:
a. Social
b. Biological
c. Physical
d. Disengagement

6. The theory that suggest ways of maintaining activity while ageing takes place such as substituting
intellectual activities for physical activities is a type of which theory?
Select one:
a. Pituitary gland
b. Biological
c. Social
d. Psychological

7. The physician explains to your patient that his cellular function has slowed down and become less
efficient in repairing body functions due to environmental assault. You would classify this as
which theory of ageing?
Select one:
a. Decreased uptake
b. Bio-psycho-social
c. Cellular
d. Wear and tear

8. An 80 year old male is diagnosed with Cataract and his skin appears extremely wrinkled. Which
of the following theories of ageing best suits the description?
Select one:
a. Cross-linked
b. Psycho-social
c. Modernization
d. Wear and tear

9. The theory of ageing that looks at the coping or adaptive strategies that must occur for a person to
age successfully is?
Select one:
a. Psychological
b. Hormonal
c. Biological
d. Social

10. Which of the following theorists stated that an individual must pass through a stage which is
characterized by a psychological conflict between ego integrity and despair?
Select one:
a. Erikson
b. Maslow
c. Bloom
d. Darwin

11. One of the following is the focus of selective optimization with compensation model of
psychological theory in the ageing process:
Select one:
a. Control of the resources in old age
b. Management of the dynamics between gains and losses
c. Management of the dynamics between youth and old age
d. Provision of resources in old age
SCENARIO 2: (Items 12 to 21 relate to this scenario)
The definition and classification of old age differs from region to region and from culture to culture but
generally the WHO uses the chronological age in average to determine those in this stage of their life time.
12. Which of the following classifications is correct about the older age group as young old, middle old
and very old?
Select one:
a. 35-45, 46-55 and 65 and older
b. 55-64, 65-74 and 75 and older
c. 65- 74, 75-84 and 85 and older
d. 45-55, 65-74 and 75 and older

13. It is stated that hearing begins to decline on average in our 30s and continues more rapidly with
age. When do most adults start to lose sensitivity to pitch of sound?
Select one:
a. 35-40 years
b. 30-35 years
c. 45-50 years
d. 50-55 years

Question 14
Normal changes in speech and language occurs in the elderly because of which of the following
changes?
Select one:
a. Cognitive and Maturational
b. Emotional and Psychology
c. Psychology and Maturational
d. Physiology and Cognitive

Question 15
Research has shown that both gross and fine motor movements are affected by the ageing process. A
common movement disorder in older adults is?
Select one:
a. Renal failure
b. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
c. Heart failure
d. Parkinson’s Disease

Question 16
Based on the knowledge of chronic diseases affecting the elderly, the most common causes of death
among persons 60 years and older are:
Select one:
a. Heart disease and stroke
b. Hypertension and stroke
c. Cancer and heart disease
d. Diabetes and hypertension

Question 17
Your client on the ward tells you that he does not feel like he belongs to the society but that he desires
to maintain his friendship in playing dominoes. Which theory of ageing would best describe this?
Select one:
a. Modernization
b. Disengagement
c. Activity
d. Continuity

Question 18
A 75 year old client on your ward is recounting his accomplishments and life experiences to you.
Which stage of Erikson’s theory of human development is he experiencing?
Select one:
a. Initiative versus guilt
b. Intimacy versus isolation
c. Generativity versus stagnation
d. Integrity versus despair

Question 19
An accumulation of proteins resulting from the binding of glucose to proteins causes various problems
of old age. This description speaks to which theory of ageing?
Select one:
a. Wear and tear
b. Cross-link
c. Endocrine
d. Free radical

Question 20
Molecules with extra electrical charges are not only extremely reactive, as oxidants, they are also
capable of destroying other molecules. This destruction that leads to ageing from early childhood
speaks to:
Select one:
a. Free radical theory
b. Wear and tear theory
c. Ageing theory
d. Cross-linked theory

Question 21
Which of the following statements accurately captures the effects of chronic illnesses in the lives of
older adults?
Select one:
a. Chronic illnesses constitute the leading cause of death for older adults
b. More older adults die from acute illnesses than from chronic diseases
c. While chronic diseases used to be the leading cause of death, this is no longer the case
d. While cancer rates have fallen in recent years, chronic heart disease constitutes an increasingly common
cause of death.

SCENARIO 3: (Items 22 to 28 relate to this scenario)

Demography is the study of the size, density and distribution of the human population. Demographic
transition is a model used to explain the process of transition from one stage of the population dynamics to
the other.

Question 22
Due to demographic transition, Gerontological nursing will become an increasingly important
specialty compared with the past because more elderly people are:
Select one:
a. Spending longer time in old age
b. Surviving the previously hazardous period of infancy
c. Presenting with the same health care challenges
d. Living in an increasingly filthy living condition

Question 23
The two related and important trends in the elderly population are the:
Select one:
a. Increase in life expectancy of white and black people
b. Growing gap in life expectancy between males and females
c. Continued burden of acute disease and the low levels of education
d. Increased burden of chronic illnesses and the shifting causes of death

Question 24
During a presentation on the ward, the nurse would be correct if which of the following is mentioned
as the most important factor contributing to limitations in self-care and independent living among the
elderly:
Select one:
a. Acute illnesses and injury
b. Low financial assets
c. Chronic illnesses
d. Lack of family support

Question 25
When compared with the elderly populations of the past, individuals entering their senior years
between 2008 and 2030 will have:
Select one:
a. Fewer chronic diseases but more acute illnesses
b. Better education and greater wealth
c. Greater support from their children and spouses
d. Fewer needs for hospital or nursing home care

Question 26
The process of demographic transition has gone through four stages from the pre-industrial to post-
industrial era. A BSN 4 student would be correct to state that during the industrial era there was:
Select one:
a. Low birth rates and death rates
b. Increased use of contraception
c. Lack of knowledge of disease prevention
d. Inefficient sewage disposal

Question 27
As a BSN 4 student educating a junior BSN student, which of the following concepts about ageing
would you accept as correct?
Select one:
a. The elderly have no relevance
b. Health promotion is a waste of time on older population
c. Older people contribute greatly to the society
d. Old age means sickness

Question 28
While conducting health promotion aimed at increasing the lifespan of the population in Jamaica, the
nurse would lay less emphasis on which of the following?
Select one:
a. Pharmacological antioxidants
b. Eating balanced diets
c. Exercising
d. Maintaining a clean internal and external environment

SCENARIO 4: (Items 29 to 34 relate to this scenario)

Gerontology is a multidisciplinary study which involves disciplines and professions such as nursing,
nutrition, social work, medicine and sociology. The different perspectives have helped improve the
dynamism of elders in the world.

Question 29
What is the correct term to explain to a BSN 1 student about the normal physical and behavioural
changes that occur under normal environmental conditions as people mature and advance in age?
Select one:
a. Ageing
b. Geriatrics
c. Gerontology
d. Maturity

Question 30
Which of the following information would a BSN 4 student give to a 77 year-old patient who is
concerned about successful ageing?
Select one:
a. Refrain from sexual activities
b. Eat red meat to keep up your protein level
c. Do what makes you feel happy
d. Do not keep any pets

Question 31
Which of the following nursing interventions would you tell a BSN 3 student that it is appropriate to
help maintain mental health wellness in older adults?
Select one:
a. Calling the patient names such as ‘honey’
b. Referring to the patient by the medical diagnosis given
c. Encouraging the patient to depend on others
d. Allowing the patient as much control of care as possible
Question 32
What nursing intervention would you tell a BSN one student that it could best be used to prevent
loneliness in a nursing home resident?
Select one:
a. Allowing client to wander in the room
b. Providing group therapy
c. Giving permission to the client to eat by himself
d. Limiting communication for the client with dementia

Question 33
One of the following premises is true of old persons in their decision to seek health care
Select one:
a. They may use lay treatments initially
b. They trust the healthcare professionals for treatment
c. They seek healthcare for chronic conditions
d. They believe that their bodies is in balance

Question 34
What method does the Gerontological nurse use to prevent further disability through health
promotion?
Select one:
a. Maintaining the older adult’s previous diet regimen
b. Teaching family members how to care for the older adult
c. Refusing to allow the patient to voice their concerns
d. Maintaining the older adult’s medication regimen for chronic state

SCENARIO 5: (Items 35 to 40 relate to this scenario)

In the final stages of many terminal illnesses, care priorities tend to shift. Instead of ongoing curative
measures, the focus often changes to palliative care for the relief of pain, symptoms and emotional stress.

Question 35
An elderly man dying of cancer tells a nurse that his pain is becoming much worse and rates it at 9 on
a scale of 0 to 10. What pain relief should be provided?
Select one:
a. Codeine
b. Meperidine
c. Oxycodone
d. Morphine

Question 36
Which of the following statements most accurately captures an aspect of the relationship between
cancer and ageing?
Select one:
a. The prevalence of cancer in older adults is expected to decrease in coming decades
b. The incidence and prevalence of cancer in older adults is approximately equal to that of younger adults.
c. Age is the most significant risk factor for cancer
d. Cancer is the leading cause of death among persons aged 65 years and older
Question 37
A 77 year-old male who has been diagnosed with lung cancer is discussing treatment options with the
oncologist. Which of the following factors is most likely to make the patient’s treatment more
complicated than that of a younger patient?
Select one:
a. Radiation treatment is not an option for most patients over age 70
b. The patient is unlikely to be a candidate for surgery
c. Age-related decline in kidney function can affect drug therapy
d. Fewer pharmacological treatment options exist for older adult clients

Question 38
A 70 year-old male is admitted to the cardiac care unit with myocardial infarction. He has a history of
angina syndrome and signs of cardiac failure. Which of the following reflects a reportable change in
his present condition?
Select one:
a. Decrease in blood pressure and increase in temperature rly-morning fatigue
b. Increase rate of respirations
c. Early morning fatigue
d. Dyspnea when he gets out of bed to sit in a chair

Question 39
The nursing staff notes excessive swelling of the ankles and legs in a patient with a history of heart
failure. Which of the following is a recommended change to this patient’s care plan?
Select one:
a. Encourage deep breathing exercises
b. Increase ambulation
c. Reduce oxygen
d. Implement low salt diets

Question 40
When a patient is admitted to a hospital, he or she is asked if an advance directive is available in case
terminal care is necessary. An advance directive gives the:
Select one:
a. Attending physician control over terminal care
b. Patient control over terminal care
c. Hospital control over terminal care
d. Patient’s family control over terminal care

SCENARIO 6: (Items 41 to 45 relate to this scenario)

There is a general societal belief that old people are, or should be asexual and a false assumption exists that
physical attractiveness depends on youth and beauty. Many young people have difficulty believing that older
people are sexual beings.

Question 41
Which of the following is generally true of the elderly population?
Select one:
a. Most men and most women are still married
b. Most men are widowers and most women are widows
c. Most men are widowers and most women are married
d. Most men are married and most women are widowed

Question 42
Elderly men may decide they are too old for sex because of a cycle involving which of
the following?
Select one:
a. Impotence and anxiety
b. Climax and failure to ejaculate
c. Masturbation and impotence
d. Erection and flaccidity

Question 43
Which of the following is a myth about sex and the elderly?
Select one:
a. Sexual preferences and behaviours are the same in old age as in mid-life
b. Most men who are in their 80s achieve erections and are capable of intercourse
c. Most women lose interest in sex after menopause
d. Sexual responsiveness diminishes in old age

Question 44
Which of the following comments would the nurse want to correct or follow up with
teaching on a geriatric ward?
Select one:
a. “Overall sex takes longer for older men than younger men”
b. “Sexual intercourse is painful for older women as vaginal lubricant decreases”
c. “Older people are less sexually responsive than young people”
d. “Both men and women have orgasms less often than younger people do”

Question 45
Which of the following statements best captures the predominant societal view of sexuality in general
and sexuality in older adults?
Select one:
a. Stigma and prejudice around sexuality in older adults persists despite changes in the societal view of
sexuality in general
b. There is societal recognition that the overall importance of sexuality remains high across the life span
c. There is an acknowledgement that sexual interest and activity do not necessarily decline with age
d. Sexuality has recently become valued and normalized in both older and younger adults

True and False questions 46-60

Question 46
As the skin becomes drier with age, low humidity predisposes older adults to the pruritus that results
from dry skin.
Select one:
True
 False

Question 47
Primary prevention of caregiver stress would involve assisting all families to improve communication
skills and foster healthy family relationships.
Select one:
True
False

Question 48
The early detection of cancer through screening is not critical to minimize the disability of cancer
treatment by detecting tumours.
Select one:
True
False

Question 49
Older people are admitted to acute care facilities with a number of complaints and problems, but for
primarily one purpose; to receive nursing care.
Select one:
True
False

Question 50
The nursing care plan for immobility aims at maintaining abilities and functions and preventing
impairment.
Select one:
True
False

Question 51
Anomia, agnosia, apraxia and aphasia are symptoms found in the mild stages of Dementia
Select one:
True
False

Question 52
Correct turning strategies involve proper body positioning and safe intervals.
Select one:
True
False

Question 53
Regular thorough examinations cannot identify potential problems and changes that may affect an
older person’s risk of falling.
Select one:
True
False

Question 54
Anticipatory actions for the retiring person include not expecting role loss to have a short-term
impact on self-esteem and one’s marital relationship.
Select one:
True
False

Question 55
Myths, stereotypes and stigma can be barriers to identifying and intervening with an older person
who has alcohol problems
Select one:
True
False

Question 56
Delusions and hallucinations are both common but not inevitable symptoms of dementia.
Select one:
True
False

Question 57
According to Eric Erikson a feeling of satisfaction is experienced when ego integrity is achieved by
successful progression through all stages.
Select one:
True
False

Question 58
Health status, life experiences, nutrition, activity and heredity influence the aging process.
Select one:
True
False

Question 59
Rehabilitation nursing in gerontology can be defined as a dynamic process of physical restoration that
facilitates physical independence in some activities of daily living.
Select one:
 True
False

Question 60
Significant changes of the senses occur as a result of aging.
Select one:
True
False
Anosmia The partial or full loss of smell
Dysphagia Difficulty with swallowing secondary to poor muscle control of tongue and pharynx

Aphasia Inability to communicate verbally or comprehend verbal communication

Ataxia Inability to coordinate movements, staggering gait, and postural balance
Dysarthria Problems with articulation, slurred speech
Hemiplegia Problems with articulation, slurred speech
Paraplegia Paralysis of the lower extremities
Spasticity Uncontrolled muscle contractions
Chronicity Continuity for a long period of time; requires ongoing treatment
Agnosia Inability to recognize common objects
Apraxia Misuse of words

Modernization Theory processes of transformation from traditional/

underdeveloped societies to modern societies.
Disengagement Theory aging is inevitable, occurs when older people draw
their roles from society. It is natural and acceptable
Activity theory older adults are happiest when they stay active and
maintain social interactions. Developed by
Robert Havighurst
Wear and Tear Theory the effects of aging are caused by progressive
damage to cells and body systems over time.
Auto immune Theory immune system loses efficiency and experiences
widespread dysfunction
Cross-linkage theory- John Bjorksten- accumulation of cross-linked proteins damage cells
and tissues, slowing down bodily processes resulting
in aging.
Free radical theory organisms age because cells accumulate free radical
damage over time- this is associated with oxidative
damage
Cellular Theory human aging is as a result of cellular aging, whereby
and increasing proportion of cells reach senescence,
a terminal stage at which they will divide. Thus,
limiting the body’s ability to regenerate and respond
to injury and stress

Pituitary gland theory reduced production in hormones cause aging

The theory of ageing that looks at the coping or adaptive strategies that must occur for a person to age
successfully is?
Select one:
a. Biological
b. Hormonal
c. Social
d. Psychological

The physician explains to your patient that his cellular function has slowed down and become less
efficient in repairing body functions due to environmental assault. You would classify this as which
theory of ageing?
Select one:
a. Decreased uptake
b. Cellular
c. Wear and tear
d. Bio-psycho-social

If you didn’t exercise in your 20s, 30s and 40s. It's too late to start in your 50s, 60s or 7O5;
Select one:
a. False
b. True

Why do older people delay seeking medical attention?

Select one:
a. Good access to medical care
b. Ample financial resources:
C. Adequate transportation
d. Fear of cancer

What primary prevention interventions can nurses implement to reduce the incidence of osteoporosis
in adults?
Select one:
a. Increase dietary calcium
b. Reduce the amount of physical activity
C. Decrease dietary calcium
d. For women reduced intake of vitamins

Which of the following theories of aging enables individuals to die without the stress and strain of
fuller participation in social life?
Select one:
a Social
b. Physical
c. Disengagement
d. Biological

What physiological change in the musculoskeletal system is considered a normal part of ageing?
Select one:
a Progressive decrease in height
b. Developmental of musculoskeletal problems
c. Progressive increase in height
d. Increased amount of lean body

One of the roles of the Gerontological nurse is the utilization of research findings in clinical practice.
This role is known as a Research consumer.
Select one:
a. False
b. True

The concept that in every society the elderly undergo a process of adjustment to narrow their social
world to family and friends refers to which theory of ageing?
Select one:
a. Disengagement
b. Activity
c. Engagement
d. Upward movement

Due to demographic transition, Gerontological nursing will become an increasingly important

specialty compared with the past because more elderly people are
Select one:
a. Surviving the previously hazardous period of infancy
b. Spending longer time in old age
c. Presenting with the same health care challenges
d. Living in an increasingly filthy living condition

Which of the following statements should the nurse review it mentioned as a benefit of exercise to
older persons?
Select one:
a. Improved sleep and improved weight management
b. Muscle hyperplasia for active competition.
c. Improved digestion and reduced constipation.
d. Lower blood pressure and lower cholesterol

The two related and important trends in the elderly population are the following:
Select one:
a. Growing gap in life expectancy between males and females
b. increase in life expectancy of white and black people.
c. increased burden of chronic illnesses arid the shifting causes of death
d. Continued burden of acute diseases and low levels of education

What is the primary age -related change in the cardiovascular system?

Select one:
a. Decreased myocardial demand
b. Reduced cardiac output
c. Increased capacity to distend
d.increased cardiac output

Research has shown that both gross and fine motor movements are affected movement disorder in
older adults is?
Select one:
a. Heart failure
b. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
c. Renal failure
d. Parkinson's Disease

In the older adult bladder atrophy leads to urinary retention

Select one:
a. False
b. True
Molecules with extra electrical charge are not only extremely reactive as they destroy other molecules.
This destruction that lead to ageing early:
Select one:
a. Wear and tear theory
b. Cross linkage theory
c. Aging theory
d. Free radical theory

A 75 year old client on your ward is recounting his accomplishments and life experiences to you. What
stage of Erikson's theory of human development is he experiencing
Select one:
a. Intimacy versus isolation
b. Generativity versus stagnation
c. Ego Integrity versus despair
d. Initiative versus guilt

The Gerontological nurse Informs others regarding negative stereotypes of aging. The role is known
as Advocacy.
Select one:
a True
b. False

Which of the following statements should the nurse review if mentioned as a benefit of exercise to
older persons?
Select one:
a. Improved sleep and improved weight management
b. Muscle hyperplasia for active competition.
c. Improved digestion and reduced constipation.
d. Lower blood pressure and lower cholesterol

Gerontological nurses have the challenge to educate the older population and their families that a
healthy old age can be achieved by
Select one
a Becoming aware that cultural motivation is the key to achieving a healthy old age
b. Reducing their chances of disability with exercises and balanced diet
c. A shift in paradigm as it relates to dietary intake, rest, and yearly medical interventions
d. Taking advantage of recommended preventive health service and lifestyle changes

Which of the following represents an appropriate generalization about the elderly?

Select one:
a Psychological changes are unavoidable
b. Intellectual decline begins about age 70.
c. Social Security proves an adequate level of income for most elderly
d. Ageing experience is unique to the individual

An accumulation of protein resulting from the binding of glucose to protein causes various problems
of old age. The description speaks to which theory of ageing?
Select one
a.Endocrine
b. Wear and tear
c.Cross-link
d.free radical

The cellular ageing theory suggests that ageing is a result of cells:

Select one:
a. Slowing down the number of replications
b. Losing their free radicals
c. Wearing down overtime
d. Being attacked by their own anti-bodies

As a BSN 4 student educating a junior BSN student, which of the following concepts about ageing you
accept as correct?
Select one:
a. Old age means sickness
b. Older people contribute greatly to the society
c. The elderly has no relevance
d. Health promotion is a waste of time on older population.

Stage 1 of demographic transition model refers to the introduction of modern medicine lower death
rate.
Select one:
a. True
b. False

What is the correct term to explain to a BSN'1 student about the normal physical and behavior that
occur under normal environmental conditions as people mature and advance in age?
Select one:
a. Maturity
b. Gerontology
c. Ageing
d. Geriatrics

What method does the Gerontological nurse use to prevent further disability through health
promotion
Select one
a. Maintaining the older adult's previous diet regimen
b. Maintaining the older adult's medication regimen for chronic state
c. Teaching family members how to care for the older adult
d. Refusing to allow the patient to voice their concerns

The theory that explains the thought processes and behaviors of ageing persons is the ____ theory
Select one:
a. Modernization and psychological
b. Psycho social
c. Biological
d. Human and social

Your client on the ward tells you that he does not feel like he belongs to the society but he desires to
maintain his friendship in playing dominoes. Which theory of ageing would best describe this?
Select one:
a. Modernization
b. Activity
c. Continuity
d. Disengagement

One of the following is the focus of selective optimization with compensation model of psychological
ageing process:
Select one:
a. Management of the dynamics between youth and old age
b. Provision of resources in old age
C.Management of the dynamics between goes and losses
D. Control of the resources in old age

Getting older Is not depressing so expect not to be depressed

Select one:
a. True
b. False

Normal changes in speech and language occur in the elderly because of which of the following
changes?
Select one
a Physiology and Cognitive
b Emotional and Psychology
c.Cognitive and Maturational
d.Psychology and Maturational

During a presentation on the ward, the nurse would be correct if which of the following is mentioned
as the most important factor contributing to limitations in self-care and independent living among the
elderly
Select one
a Low financial assets
b Chronic illnesses
c Acute illnesses and injury
d. Lack of family support

Which of the following theories of aging has the components of urbanization, mass education,
technological changes and advancement in growth of economy production
Select one:
a. Cell death Theory
b. Evolution theory
c. Modernization madry
d. Pituitary gland theory

What aspect of nutritional management needs to be included in primary prevention?

Select does
a.Restrict all cholesterol
b.Follow a well balanced diet
c.Use diet pills as supplement
d.Do not include any fat in diet

In Demographic Transition Model stage 3. Birth rates gradually decreases, population slower rate.
Select one:
a. True
b. False

Which of the following serves as on indicator that the older adult has achieved ego
Select one:
a. maintains religious activities
b. Exaggerated fear of death
c. Social Activity
d.Life satisfaction

Which of the following nursing interventions would you tell a BSN 3 student about mental health
wellness in older adults?
Select one:
a. Allowing the patient as much control of care as possible
b. Encouraging the patient to depend on others
c. Referring to the patient by the medical diagnosis given
d. Calling the patient names such as honey

While administering medication to an elderly client, the nurse should be aware that there is an
increased possibility of drug toxicity due to which of the following age-related changes?
Select one:
a Decrease in liver function and production of enzymes for drug metabolism
b. Decreased filtration and excretion of drug metabolites through the renal system
c. Increase in circulating body fluid in proportion to total body mass
d. Increased number of protein-binding sites for drug transport through the circulation.

The common theme among all theories of aging Is that:

Select one:
a. Aging is a passive process.
b. Aging is learned by most people.
c. Aging applies to people over age 65.
d. Aging involves change.

What nursing Intervention would you tell a BSN one student that could best be used to prevent
loneliness in a nursing home resident?
Select one:
a. Allowing client to wander in the room
b. Limiting communication for the client with dementia
c. Giving permission to the client to eat by himself
d. Providing group therapy

Based on the knowledge of chronic diseases affecting the elderly, the most common disease affecting
60 years and older are:
Select one:
a Diabetes and hypertension
b. Cancer and heart disease
c. Hypertension and stroke
d. Heart disease and stroke

It is stated that hearing begins to decline on average in our 30s

and continues more rapidly with age. When do most adults start to lose sensitivity to pitch of sound?
Select one:
a. 50-55 years
b. 30-35 years
c. 45-50 years
d. 35-40 years

The theory that speaks to the loss of power, status and position by the elderly is otherwise called?
Select one:
a. Modernization theory
b. Biological theory
c. Social theory
d. Inheritance theory

The process of demographic transition has gone through four

stages from the pre-industrial to the post-industrial era. A BSN 4 student would be correct to state
that during the industrial era
there was:
Select one:
a. Increase mortality rate
b. Lack of knowledge of disease prevention
c. Low birth rates and death rates
d. Increased use of contraception

The most common manifestation of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is

Select one:
a. Dysuria, abdominal pain and urinary retention
b. bladder spasm and haematuria
c. nocturia, hesitation and dribbling
d. Chills, Fever and Nausea