INTERNSHIP REPORT

ON
Full Stack Java

Offered By
ExcelR

Submitted by

NAME: Kapakayala Sirisha Lakshmi Bhavani

REG. NO.: 22K61A1222

Under the esteemed guidance of

Prof. Srinadh Unnava
Associate Professor

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SASI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY& ENGINEERING

(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Permanently Affiliated to JNTUK, Kakinada and SBTET-
Hyderabad, Accredited by NAAC with “A” Grade, Ranked as ‘A’ Grade by Govt. of A.P.,
Recognized by UGC 2(f) & 12(B)) Kadakatla, TADEPALLIGUDEM– 534101.

Academic Year 2024-25

CERTIFICATE
 DECLARATION

I, Kapakayala Sirisha Lakshmi Bhavani, 22K61A1222, student of Information Technology at Sasi

Institute of Technology & Engineering, Tadepalligudem hereby declare that the Summer Training Report
entitled “Full Stack Java" is an authentic record of my own work as requirements of Industrial Training
during the period from date to final date. I obtained the knowledge of Full Stack Java through the selfless
efforts of the Employee arranged to me by administration. A Training Report was made on the same
and the suggestions are given by the faculty were duly incorporated.

Kapakayala Sirisha Lakshmi

Bhavani
22K61A1222

Academic Supervisor Head of the Department

Prof. Srinadh Unnava Dr. K. Subhash Bhagavan

Associate Professor Professor & HOD

External Examiner
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my deep sense of gratitude to my beloved Principal, Prof. Mohammed Ismail

for his valuable guidance and for permitting us to carry out this internship.

I express my deep sense of gratitude to Dr. K. Subhash Bhagavan, Professor and

Head of the Department for the valuable guidance and suggestions, keen interest shown
thorough encouragement extended throughout the period of internship work

I express my deep sense of gratitude to Mrs.Ch. Lalitha Syama Sundari, Assistant

Professor and Department Internship Coordinator for the valuable guidance and
suggestions, keen interest shown thorough encouragement extended throughout the
period of internship work.

I take immense pleasure to express my deep sense of gratitude to my beloved Guide

Mrs. Prof. Srinadh Unnava, Associate Professor for their benevolent guidance and
kind cooperation throughout my training along with completing this Internship and
provided me the various knowledge about their stations.

With Gratitude

K. Sirisha Lakshmi Bhavani

22K61A1222
 Vision & Mission

Vision of the Institute

Aspire to be a leading institute in professional education by creating technocrats to

propel societal transformations through inventions and innovations.

Mission of the Institute

To impart technology integrated active learning environment that nurtures the technical & life
skills.
To enhance scientific temper through active research leading to innovations & sustainable

environment.

To create responsible citizens with highest ethical standards.

Vision of the Program

To become recognized Centre of Excellence for quality IT Education and create

professionals with ability to solve social needs through invention and innovation.

Mission of the Program

To provide a quality student-centric learning environment that builds the necessary skills for

employability and career development.

To create a research ambience that accelerates innovation in the field of Information

Technology

To impart value education to students so they can serve society with high integrity and

good character.
 PEO’S and PSO
Program Educational Objectives

These PEO’s are meant to prepare our students to thrive and to lead in their career. Our graduates
will be able

Graduates will have strong knowledge about IT applications with leadership

P1 Qualities
Graduates will pursue successful career in IT and allied industries and provide

P2 solutions for global needs

P3 Graduates with life-long learning attitude and practice professional ethics

Program Outcomes
1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.

2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, research literature, and analyze complex

engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of
mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.

3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems

and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with
appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and
environmental considerations.

4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and

research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data,
and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.

5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and
modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modelling to complex
engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent
responsibilities
 relevant to the professional engineering practice.

7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional

engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the
knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.

8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and

responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice.

9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member

or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.

10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with

the engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to
comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective
presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.

11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of

the engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a
member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary
environments

12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to
engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological
change

Program Specific Outcomes

1. Able to demonstrate a high level of proficiency in core IT skills, including programming,

software development, database management, networking, and cyber security.

2. Apply technical knowledge in diverse areas of IT and provide innovative solutions to industry
problems.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
INDEX

SNO CONTENTS PAGENO

1.
Introduction To Java Full Stack Development
2.
JAVA
2.1-Introduction to java
2.2-Features of java
2.3-Basic structure of java
3.
HTML
3.1-Introduction to HTML
3.2-Basic structure of HTML
3.3-Common Elements &Multi media tags
3.4 -Forms
3.5-Semantic HTML
3.6- HTML Attributes &Tags
3.7-HTML-5 Features
3.8-Best Practices
3.9-Importance of HTML
3.10-Conclusion
4.
CSS
4.1 Introduction to CSS
4.2-Basic syntax of CSS
4.3-Types of CSS
4.4-Selectors
4.5-Layout Techniques
4.6 Responsive Design
4.7 CSS Frames Works
4.8 Best Practices
4.9 Conclusion
5
.JAVA SCRIPT
5.1 Popular use cases
 5.2 Resources for learning
5.3 Ecosystem

Frame works
6.
6.1 Front End Frame Works
6.2 Back End Frame Works
6.3 Full Stack Frame works
6.4 Testing Frameworks

7. Angular
7.1 Key Features
7.2 Common Use Cases

8. SQL (Structured Query Language)

8.1 What is Data Base?
8.2 Why To Learn SQL?
9 AJAX
9.1 Introduction
9.2 How AJAX Works

10. Servlets

Hibernate
11.

Spring Boot
12.

13. Conclusion
14. Case Study

ABSTRACT
The Full Stack Java development framework encompasses both front-end and back-end technologies,
enabling the creation of dynamic, scalable, and efficient web applications. This report focuses on the
application of Full Stack Java, which integrates Java technologies such as Spring Boot, Hibernate, and
JavaServer Pages (JSP) for back-end development, and frameworks like Angular or React for front-end
development. The report delves into the implementation of a full-stack solution, covering key
components like RESTful APIs, database management with MySQL or MongoDB, user interface
design, and client-server interaction. It explores the challenges of integrating various layers, ensuring
seamless communication between the front-end and back-end, and optimizing the overall performance
of web applications. The report further evaluates the effectiveness of using Java as the core technology
stack in building reliable and secure web applications capable of meeting modern user demands.

This report summarizes my internship experience as a Java Full Stack Developer, where I
contributed to the development and enhancement of web applications using Java, Spring Boot,
and various frontend technologies. Throughout the internship, I was involved in the entire
software development lifecycle, from requirements gathering and system design to
implementation, testing, and deployment.

I gained hands-on experience with RESTful API development, database management using
MySQL, and front-end frameworks such as Angular. Collaborating closely with cross-
functional teams, I learned best practices in agile methodologies and version control using Git.
My contributions included optimizing application performance, improving user interface
responsiveness, and implementing new features based on client feedback.

This report reflects on the technical skills acquired, challenges faced, and the overall impact of
my work on project outcomes. It also highlights the importance of continuous learning and
adaptability in the rapidly evolving tech landscape.
 hilOMoARcPSD|4907833

Java Full Stack :

A full-stack developer is a person who can develop application's backend and frontend.
Java full-stack is basically a term used for a web developer that uses Java to develop the
entire technology stack is referred to as Java full stack developer.

JAVA
Introduction to Java:

Java is a popular programming language, created in 1995.

• It is owned by Oracle, and more than 3 billion devices run Java.

• Java works on different platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi, etc.).

• It is easy to learn and simple to use.

• It is open source and free.

• It is secure, fast and powerful. • Java is an object-oriented language which gives a

clear structure to programs and allows code to be reused, lowering development costs.

• It is used for:

• Mobile applications

• Web applications

• Servers

Syntax:
public class Main {
public static void main (String[] args)
{

System.out.println(“Hello World”);
}
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HTML

1. HTML is an acronym which stands for Hyper Text Markup Language which
is used for creating web pages and web applications. Let's see what is meant by
Hypertext Markup Language, and Web page.

▪ Hypertext: Hypertext simply means "Text within Text." A text has a link within it,
is a hypertext. Whenever you click on a link which brings you to a new webpage, you
have clicked on a hypertext. Hypertext is a way to link two or more web pages
(HTML documents) with each other.

▪ Markup language: A markup language is a computer language that is used to

apply layout and formatting conventions to a text document. Markup language
makes text more interactive and dynamic. It can turn text into images, tables, links,
etc.

▪ Web Page: A web page is a document which is commonly written in HTML and
translated by a web browser. A web page can be identified by entering an URL. A
Web page can be of the static or dynamic type. With the help of HTML only, we
can create static web pages.

▪ Hence, HTML is a markup language which is used for creating attractive web
pages with the help of styling, and which looks in a nice format on a web browser.
An HTML document is made of many HTML tags and each HTML tag contains
different content.

2. Basic structure of HTML:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>
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<title>Document Title</title>

</head>

<body>
<h1>Main Heading</h1>

<p>This is a paragraph of text. </p>

</body>
</html>

Components:

· <!DOCTYPE html>: Declaration defining the document type and version of HTML.

· <html>: Root element of the document.

· <head>: Contains metadata, links to stylesheets, and scripts.

· <body>: Contains the visible content of the webpage.

3. Common HTML Elements

Text Elements
• Headings: Defined by <h1> to <h6>, with <h1> being the most important.
• Paragraphs: <p> defines a block of text.
• Links: <a href="URL">Link text</a> creates hyperlinks.
• Lists:
o Ordered List: <ol> for numbered items. o Unordered List:
<ul> for bullet points. o List Item:
<li> used within both <ol> and <ul>.

Multimedia Elements
• Images: <img src="image.jpg" alt="Description"> to embed images.
• Audio: <audio controls><source src="audio.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">Your
browser does not support the audio element.</audio>.
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• Video: <video controls><source src="video.mp4" type="video/mp4">Your

browser does not support the video tag.</video>.

4. FORMS:

Forms are crucial for user interaction:

· <form>:

·
·<form>: Encloses form elements.

· <input>: Various types (text, password, checkbox, radio, etc.).

·<label>: Associates a label with a form control.

5. Semantic HTML

Using semantic HTML elements enhances accessibility and SEO. Here are some
semantic

tags:

• <header>: Defines introductory content or navigational links.

• <footer>: Represents the footer for a section or page.
• <article>: Self-contained content that could stand alone.
• <section>: Thematic grouping of content.
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6. HTML Attributes

Attributes provide additional information about elements:

• Global Attributes: Commonly used across all HTML elements

(e.g., class, id, style, title).

• Specific Attributes:
Unique to certain elements, like src for <img> or href for <a>.

7. HTML5 Features

HTML5 introduced significant improvements:

• New Input Types: Such as email, date, color, improving forms and validation.
• Offline Capabilities: Using the application Cache API.
• APIs: Geolocation, Web Storage (local and session storage), and Canvas for
graphics.

8. Best Practices

• Use Semantic Elements: Improve accessibility and SEO.

• Validate HTML: Use tools like the W3C Validator to ensure code quality.
• Optimize for Accessibility: Use alt attributes for images, proper heading levels,
and ARIA roles when necessary.
• Keep It Clean: Organize code for readability—indentation, comments, and
consistent naming conventions help maintainability.

9. Importance of HTML:
• Structure: HTML provides a framework for organizing content on the web.
• Accessibility: Proper use of HTML elements improves accessibility for users
with disabilities.
• SEO: A well-structured HTML document can improve search engine rankings.

10. Conclusion

HTML is the foundation of web development, allowing you to create structured

 hilOMoARcPSD|4907833

and accessible web content. Understanding its elements, attributes, and best

practices is essential for building modern web applications.

Attributes provide additional information about elements:

• Global Attributes: Commonly used across all HTML elements

(e.g., class, id, style, title).

• Specific Attributes:
Unique to certain elements, like src for <img> or href for <a>.

CSS

What is CSS?

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a stylesheet language used to describe the

presentation of a document written in HTML or XML. CSS controls the layout,
colors, fonts, and overall visual appearance of web pages.

1. Basic Syntax of CSS:

CSS consists of selectors and declaration blocks.

Example:

```css selector {
property: value;
}
```

- **Selector**: Targets the HTML element(s) you want to style (e.g., `h1`, `.class`,
`#id`).

- **Property**: The CSS property you want to change (e.g., `color`, `font-size`,
`margin`).

- **Value**: The value assigned to the property (e.g., `blue`, `16px`, `10px`).

2. Types of CSS:
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There are three main ways to apply CSS to HTML:

1. Inline CSS:

Applied directly to an HTML element using the `style` attribute. ```html

<h1 style="color: blue;">Hello, World! </h1>
```

2. Internal CSS:

Defined within a `<style>` tag inside the `<head>` section of an

HTML Document

3.External CSS:

Written in a separate `.css` file and linked to the HTML document using the
`<link>`tag.
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3. Selectors:

CSS offers various selectors to apply styles:

- Element Selector: Targets specific HTML elements (e.g., `p`).

- Class Selector: Targets elements with a specific class (e.g., `.class-name`).

- ID Selector: Targets a unique element with a specific ID (e.g., `#id-name`).

- Attribute Selector: Targets elements based on an attribute (e.g., `[type="text"] `).

- Pseudo-classes: Style elements based on their state (e.g., `: hover`, `: first-child`).

- Pseudo-elements: Style specific parts of an element (e.g., `::before`, `::after`).

4.Box Model:

The CSS box model describes the rectangular boxes generated for elements:

- Content: The actual content of the box (text, images).

- Padding: Space between the content and the border.

- Border: A border around the padding (optional).

- Margin: Space outside the border, separating the element from others.

4. Layout Techniques:
CSS provides several layout models:
1. Flexbox:

A one-dimensional layout model for arranging items in rows or columns.

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2. Grid:
A two-dimensional layout model that allows for complex layouts.

2. Positioning:
Control the position of elements using:

- Static: Default positioning.

- Relative: Positioned relative to its normal position.

- Absolute: Positioned relative to the nearest positioned ancestor.

- Fixed: Positioned relative to the viewport.

Sticky: Toggles between relative and fixed based on scroll position.
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5. CSS Properties:

Some common CSS properties include:

- Color and Background: `color`, `background-color`, `background-image`.

- Text: `font-family`, `font-size`, `text-align`, `line-height`.

- Box Model: `margin`, `padding`, `border`.

- Layout: `display`, `flex`, `grid`, `position`.

- Transitions and Animations: `transition`, `animation`.

6. Responsive Design:

Creating web designs that adapt to various screen sizes is essential.

Use:

- Media Queries: Apply different styles based on device characteristics.

- Viewport Units: `vw`, `vh`, `vmin`, `vmax` for responsive sizing.

7. CSS Frameworks:

Bootstrap: A responsive framework with pre-designed components.

- Tailwind CSS: A utility-first framework for rapid UI development.

- Foundation: A responsive front-end framework similar to Bootstrap.

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8. Best Practices:

Organize Your CSS: Use comments and logical grouping for readability.

- Minimize CSS File Size: Remove unused styles and use minification.

- Use Classes Over IDs: Classes are reusable and help avoid specificity issues. -
consider

Performance: Avoid excessive selectors and complexity to enhance rendering speed.

Conclusion
CSS is essential for web design, allowing developers to create visually appealing and
responsive web pages. Understanding its syntax, properties,
and best practices is key to mastering web development.

JAVASCRIPT

JavaScript (js) is a light-weight object-oriented programming language which is

used by several websites for scripting the webpages. It is an interpreted, full-
fledged programming language that enables dynamic interactivity on websites
when applied to an HTML document. It was introduced in the year 1995 for
adding programs to the webpages in the Netscape Navigator browser. Since then,
it has been adopted by all other graphical web browsers. With JavaScript, users
can build modern web applications to interact directly without reloading the page
every time. The traditional website uses js to provide several forms of interactivity
and simplicity.
▪ Although, JavaScript has no connectivity with Java programming language. The
name was suggested and provided in the times when Java was gaining popularity
in the market. In addition to web browsers, databases such as CouchDB and
MongoDB uses JavaScript as their scripting and query language. Application of
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JavaScript ▪ JavaScript is used to create interactive websites. It is mainly used

for:
▪ Client-side validation,
▪ Dynamic drop-down menus,
▪ Displaying pop-up windows and dialog boxes (like an alert dialog box, confirm

, dialog box and prompt dialog box), ▪ Displaying clocks etc. Popular Use Cases:
• Web Development: Building interactive web applications using frameworks like
Angular, or Vue.js.
 hilOMoARcPSD|4907833

• Server-Side Development: Using Node.js to build back-end services.

• Mobile App Development: Frameworks like React Native allow you to build mobile
applications.
• Game Development: Libraries like Phaser for building browser games.
• Automation: Scripts for automating tasks in web browsers or servers.

Resources for Learning: • DN Web Docs: Comprehensive documentation and

tutorials.
• JavaScript.info: A detailed guide covering modern JavaScript.
• FreeCodeCamp: Offers interactive coding lessons.
• Codecademy: Provides hands-on JavaScript courses.

Ecosystem:
JavaScript has a rich ecosystem with numerous frameworks and libraries, such as:

• React: A library for building user interfaces.

• A framework for building single-page applications.
Angular:

• Vue.js: A progressive framework for building user interfaces.

Conclusion:
JavaScript is essential for modern web development, enabling developers to create

dynamic, interactive, and user-friendly web applications. Its versatility allows it to be

used in a wide range of environments beyond the web browser. If you want to know more

about specific features or concepts, just let me know!

FRAME WORKS

JavaScript frameworks are pre-written JavaScript libraries that provide a structured

way to build applications. They help streamline development by offering reusable
components and tools for common tasks. Here are some of the most popular
JavaScript frameworks:
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Front-End Frameworks:
1. React:

- Description: A library for building user interfaces, developed by Facebook. It

uses a component-based architecture and is known for its virtual DOM for efficient
rendering.

- Use Cases: Single-page applications (SPAs), complex UIs.

2. Angular:

- Description: A robust framework developed by Google for building dynamic

web applications. It uses TypeScript and offers features like two-way data binding
and dependency injection.

- Use Cases: Enterprise applications, SPAs.

3. Vue.js:

- Description: A progressive framework that is easy to integrate into projects. It

provides reactive data binding and a component-based architecture.

- Use Cases: Small to medium applications, single-page applications.

4. Svelte:

- Description: A relatively new framework that shifts much of the work

to compile time, resulting in highly optimized, lightweight applications.

- Use Cases: SPAs, high-performance applications.

Back-End Frameworks:

1. Node.js:

- Description: A runtime environment that allows JavaScript to be run on the

server side. It uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model.
 hilOMoARcPSD|4907833

- Use Cases: RESTful APIs, real-time applications (like chat apps).

2. Express.js:
-Description: A minimal and flexible Node.js web application framework that
provides robust features for web and mobile applications.

- Use Cases: Building web applications and APIs.

3. NestJS:

- Description: A framework for building efficient, scalable Node.js server-side

applications. It uses TypeScript and is heavily inspired by Angular.

- Use Cases: Enterprise-grade applications, microservices.

Full-Stack Frameworks

1. Meteor:

- Description: A full-stack platform for building web and mobile applications in

pure JavaScript. It integrates front-end and back-end development seamlessly.

- Use Cases: Real-time applications, rapid prototyping.

2. Next.js:

- Description: A React framework for server-side rendering and generating static

websites. It provides features like routing and API endpoints.

- Use Cases: SEO-friendly applications, static sites.

3. Nuxt.js

- Description: A framework built on top of Vue.js for creating server-rendered

applications or generating static websites.

- Use Cases: SEO-optimized applications, SPAs. Testing Frameworks:

1. Jest:

- Description: A JavaScript testing framework maintained by Facebook,

commonly used for testing React applications.
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- Use Cases: Unit testing, integration testing.

2. Mocha:

- Description: A flexible testing framework for Node.js and the browser that
supports various assertion libraries.

- Use Cases: Unit testing, API testing.

3. Cypress:

- Description: A testing framework for end-to-end testing of web applications.

- Use Cases: Functional testing, UI testing.

Conclusion:
Choosing the right framework depends on the project requirements, team
familiarity, and specific use cases. Each framework has its strengths, and many
developers use a combination of frameworks and libraries to achieve their
goals. If you want more detailed information on a specific framework or its
features, just let me know!

Angular:

Angular is a robust, open-source web application framework developed and

maintained by Google. It is designed to facilitate the development of single-page
applications (SPAs) using a component-based architecture. Here’s an overview of
Angular:
Key Features

1.Component-Based Architecture: Angular applications are built using

components, which encapsulate the HTML, CSS, and JavaScript necessary
for a particular part of the user interface.

2. TypeScript: Angular is built using TypeScript, a superset of JavaScript

that adds static typing. This enhances code quality and helps catch errors
during development.
 hilOMoARcPSD|4907833

3.Two-Way Data Binding: Angular allows for automatic synchronization of

data between the model and the view, simplifying the management of data
flow in applications.

4.Dependency Injection: Angular uses a built-in dependency injection

system, which makes it easier to manage services and improve modularity and
testability.

5.Directives: Directives are special markers in the DOM that extend HTML’s
capabilities by adding custom behavior or modifying the DOM.

6.Routing: Angular includes a powerful routing module that allows

developers to create a single-page application experience with multiple views
and deep linking.

7.Reactive Programming: Angular supports reactive programming with

RxJS, allowing for more manageable asynchronous data streams.

8.Comprehensive Tooling: Angular CLI (Command Line Interface) provides

powerful tools for scaffolding, building, and deploying applications
efficiently.

- Common Use Cases:

- Single-Page Applications (SPAs): Angular is ideal for creating SPAs where the
content dynamically updates without requiring a full page reload.

- Enterprise Applications: Its structure and scalability make it suitable for large-
scale applications that require maintainability and robust architecture.

- Progressive Web Applications (PWAs): Angular can be used to build PWAs that
offer a native-like experience on the web.

Getting Started:

To start developing with Angular, you'll typically:

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1.Install Angular CLI: Use npm to install the Angular Command Line Interface.
```bash npm install -g @angular/cli
```

2.Create a New Project: Use the CLI to generate a new Angular project. ```bash ng
new my-angular-app
```

3.Serve the Application: Navigate to the project directory and start a local
development server. ```bash cd myangular-app ng serve
Conclusion:

Angular is a powerful framework for building modern web applications, with a strong
emphasis on maintainability, testability, and performance. It’s widely used in the
industry, particularly for complex applications that require a solid structure and
scalability. If you have specific questions or want to dive deeper into any aspect of
Angular, let me know!

SQL(Structured Query Language)

SQL is a standard database language used to access and manipulate data in databases.
SQL stands for Structured Query Language. SQL was developed by IBM Computer
Scientists in the 1970s. By executing queries SQL can create, update, delete, and
retrieve data in databases like MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, etc. Overall SQL is a
query language that communicates with databases.

What is a Database?

Data is the new fuel of this world but only data is unorganized information, so to
organize that data we make a database. A database is the organized collection of
structured data which is usually controlled by a database management system
(DBMS). Databases help us with easily storing, accessing, and manipulating data held
 hilOMoARcPSD|4907833

on a computer.

Why to learn SQL?

Without a lot of coding knowledge, we can manage a database with SQL.

▪ SQL works with database systems from Oracle, IBM, Microsoft, etc.
▪ Simple and easy to learn.
▪ SQL is ANSI and ISO standard language for database manipulations.
SQL retrieves large amounts of data very fast. Applications of SQL In data-driven
Industries where managing data bases is very important in regular.

Here are some important SQL applications.

▪To support client/server architecture, software engineers use SQL to establish the
connection between back-end and front-end.

▪SQL can also be used in the 3-tier architecture of a client, an application server, and
a database.

▪SQL is used as a Data Definition Language (DDL) in which we can independently

create a database, define the structure, use it, and discard it when its work is done.

▪SQL is used as a Data Manipulation Language (DML) in which we can enter data,
modify data, extracting data.

▪SQL is used as a Data Control Language (DCL) it specifies how we can protect our
database against corruption and misuse.

AJAX

Ajax Tutorial
▪ AJAX tutorial covers concepts and examples of AJAX technology for beginners and
professionals.
▪ AJAX is an acronym for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. It is a group of
interrelated technologies like JavaScript, DOM, XML, HTML/XHTML, CSS,
 hilOMoARcPSD|4907833

XMLHttpRequest etc.
▪ AJAX allows you to send and receive data asynchronously without reloading the
web page. So, it is fast.
▪ AJAX allows you to send only important information to the server not the entire
page. So only valuable data from the client side is routed to the server side. It makes
your application interactive and faster.
▪ here are too many web applications running on the web that are using ajax
technology like Gmail, Facebook, twitter, google map, YouTube etc.

How AJAX Works?

▪ AJAX communicates with the server using XMLHttpRequest object. Let's try to
understand the flow of ajax or how ajax works by the image displayed below. ▪ As
you can see in the above example, XMLHttpRequest object plays an important role.

▪ User sends a request from the UI and a JavaScript call goes to XMLHttpRequest
object.
▪ HTTP Request is sent to the server by XMLHttpRequest object.
▪ Server interacts with the database using JSP, PHP, Servlet, ASP.net etc.
▪ Data is retrieved.
▪ Server sends XML data or JSON data to the XMLHttpRequest callback function.
▪ HTML and CSS data is displayed on the browser.

SEVELETS:

Servlet technology is used to create a web application (resides at server side and
generates a dynamic web page).
▪ Servlet technology is robust and scalable because of java language. Before Servlet,
CGI (Common Gateway Interface) scripting language was common as a server-side
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programming language. However, there were many disadvantages to this

technology. We have discussed these disadvantages below.
▪ There are many interfaces and classes in the Servlet API such as Servlet, Generic
Servlet, HTTP Servlet, Servlet Request, Servlet Response, etc. Servlet can be
described in many ways, depending on the context.
▪ Servlet is a technology which is used to create a web application.
▪ Servlet is an API that provides many interfaces and classes including documentation.
▪ Servlet is an interface that must be implemented for creating any Servlet.

Servlet is a class that extends the capabilities of the servers and responds to the incoming
requests. It can respond to any requests.
▪ Servlet is a web component that is deployed on the server to create a dynamic web
page.

Hibernate:
▪ Hibernate is a Java framework that simplifies the development of Java application
to interact with the database. It is an open source, lightweight, ORM (Object
Relational Mapping) tool. Hibernate implements the specifications of JPA (Java
Persistence API) for data persistence.
ORM Tool:

An ORM tool simplifies the data creation, data manipulation and data
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access. It is a programming technique that maps the object to the data stored in the
database.

▪ The ORM tool internally uses the JDBC API to interact with the database.

What is JPA?

▪ Java Persistence API (JPA) is a Java specification that provides certain functionality
and standard to ORM tools. The javax.persistence package contains the JPA classes and
interfaces.
Advantages of Hibernate Framework:
▪ Following are the advantages of hibernate framework: Open Source and Lightweight.
▪ Hibernate framework is open source under the LGPL license and lightweight. Fast
Performance.
▪ The performance of hibernate framework is fast because cache is internally used in
hibernate framework. There are two types of cache in hibernate framework first level
cache and second level cache. First level cache is enabled by default.
Database Independent Query:
▪ HQL (Hibernate Query Language) is the object-oriented version of SQL. It generates
the database independent queries. So, you don't need to write database specific queries.
Before Hibernate, if database is changed for the project, we need to change the SQL
query as well that leads to the maintenance problem. Automatic Table Creation:
▪ Hibernate framework provides the facility to create the tables of the database
automatically. So, there is no need to create tables in the database manually.
Simplifies Complex Join.
Fetching data from multiple tables is easy in hibernate framework. Provides Query
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Statistics and Database Status.

▪ Hibernate supports Query cache and provide statistics about query and database
status.

Spring Boot:
▪ Spring Boot Tutorial provides basic and advanced concepts of Spring Framework. Our
Spring Boot Tutorial is designed for beginners and professionals both. ▪ Spring Boot is a
Spring module that provides the RAD
(Rapid Application Development) feature to the Spring framework. ▪ Our Spring Boot
Tutorial includes all topics of Spring Boot such, as features, project, maven project,
starter project wizard, Spring Initializer, CLI, applications, annotations, dependency
management, properties, starters, Actuator, JPA, JDBC, etc.
▪ Spring Boot is a project that is built on the top of the Spring Framework. It provides an
easier and faster way to set up, configure, and run both simple and web-based
applications.
▪ It is a Spring module that provides the RAD (Rapid Application Development) feature
to the Spring Framework. It is used to create a stand-alone Spring-based application that
you can just run because it needs minimal Spring configuration.

▪ In short, Spring Boot is the combination of Spring Framework and Embedded

Servers.
▪ In Spring Boot, there is no requirement for XML configuration (deployment
descriptor). It uses convention over configuration software design paradigm that means
it decreases the effort of the developer.
▪ We can use Spring STS IDE or Spring Initializer to develop Spring Boot Java
applications. ▪ Why should we use Spring Boot
Framework?
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We should use Spring Boot Framework because:

▪ The dependency injection approach is used in Spring Boot.
▪ It contains powerful database transaction management capabilities.
▪ It simplifies integration with other Java frameworks like JPA/Hibernate ORM,
Struts, etc.
▪ It reduces the cost and development time of the application.
▪ Along with the Spring Boot Framework, many other Spring sister projects help to
build applications addressing modern business needs. There are the following Spring
sister projects are as follows:
▪ Spring Data: It simplifies data access from the relational and NoSQL databases.
▪ Spring Batch: It provides powerful batch processing.
▪ Spring Security: It is a security framework that provides robust security to
applications.
▪ Spring Social: It supports integration with social networking like LinkedIn.
▪ Spring Integration: It is an implementation of Enterprise Integration Patterns. It
facilitates integration with other enterprise applications using lightweight messaging and
declarative adapters.
Conclusion:

In conclusion, a Java Full Stack Developer requires a diverse range of technical and soft
skills to develop and maintain web-based applications. They need to be proficient in
both front-end and back-end development, understand security protocols, testing and
debugging methodologies, design patterns, cloud technologies, and be customer-
focused.

CASESTUDY

Project Overview

The objective of this project was to create a scalable and secure Online Payment System that
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allows users to make payments for services and products through multiple payment methods
(credit/debit cards, UPI, net banking, and e-wallets). The platform was built using Java Full Stack
Development, focusing on creating a user-friendly interface, ensuring secure transactions, and
providing efÏcient back-end processing.

Objectives

1. User-Friendly Payment Experience: Design an intuitive interface where users can easily
make payments, manage saved cards, and view transaction history.

2. High-Level Security and Compliance: Implement advanced security measures to protect

user data and ensure compliance with industry standards like PCI-DSS.

3. Integration with Third-Party Payment Gateways: Enable smooth processing by

integrating APIs for third-party payment gateways and banks.

4. Real-Time Transaction Tracking: Provide users and admins with real-time transaction
tracking and monitoring.

5. Scalability for High TrafÏc: Build a scalable architecture that can handle a high volume of
transactions efÏciently.

Technology Stack

• Front-End: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, React.js

• Back-End: Java (Spring Boot), Hibernate

• Database: MySQL

• Payment Gateway Integration: Stripe API, PayPal API

• Deployment and Hosting: Docker, Kubernetes, AWS EC2

• Security: SSL/TLS, JWT Authentication, AES Encryption

Implementation Phases

1. Requirements Gathering and planning

• Collaborated with stakeholders to gather requirements, defining features for user

authentication, payment processing, transaction management, and notifications.
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• Developed a detailed project roadmap, outlining all essential functionalities for secure
user transactions and reliable payment tracking.

• Designed the system architecture, specifying components for data security, payment
integration, and scalability.

2.Front-End Development

• Built the user interface using React.js, creating pages for payment options, saved
payment methods, and transaction history.

• Implemented form validation, ensuring correct input data (e.g., card numbers and CVVs)
using custom validation logic.

• Used responsive design to ensure the payment portal is accessible across devices,
enhancing the user experience on mobile and desktop.

3.Back-End Development

• Developed the server-side logic using Spring Boot to handle API requests, manage
payment processes, and enforce business logic.

• Integrated Hibernate for ORM (Object-Relational Mapping), facilitating seamless data

interaction with the MySQL database.

• Created RESTful APIs for user management, transaction processing, and payment history
retrieval.

• Set up JWT (JSON Web Token) Authentication for secure user sessions, ensuring that
only authenticated users can initiate payments.

4. Database Design and Integration

• Designed a relational database schema in MySQL with tables for users, transactions,
saved payment methods, and transaction history.

• Ensured data consistency and fast retrieval by optimizing queries for high transaction
volumes.

• Configured AES encryption for sensitive data, such as payment information, ensuring
compliance with PCI-DSS standards.
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5. Payment Gateway Integration

• Integrated with Stripe and PayPal APIs to process payments securely and efÏciently,
allowing multiple payment options.

• Implemented transaction confirmation and error handling, providing clear feedback to

users for successful or failed transactions.

• Set up asynchronous notifications (webhooks) to keep the system updated on

transaction status changes from payment gateways.

6.Security Measures

• Configured SSL/TLS encryption for secure communication between clients and servers,
protecting data in transit.

• Implemented role-based access control (RBAC) to manage access permissions, ensuring

secure access to sensitive information.

• Conducted penetration testing to identify and patch vulnerabilities, reinforcing the

system against SQL injection, XSS, and CSRF attacks.

7.Testing and Quality Assurance

• Conducted unit testing on all components to verify functionality and integration

between front-end, back-end, and third-party APIs.

• Performed integration testing for payment gateways, ensuring smooth data flow
between the system and external services.

• Conducted load testing to ensure the system could handle a large volume of
simultaneous transactions without performance degradation.

• Ensured compliance with PCI-DSS standards through rigorous security and compliance
testing.
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Appendix A

INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIP EVALUATION FORM

For the Students of B.Tech. (IT), Sasi Institute of
Technology &Engineering, Tadepalligudem, West
Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh

Date:

Name of the Intern : K. Sirisha Lakshmi Bhavani

Reg. No. : 22K61A1222

Branch : Information Technology

Internship Offered : From 2024 - 2025

Evaluate this student intern on the following parameters by checking the

appropriate attributes.

Attributes
Give Your Feedback with Tick Mark
Evaluation (√ )
Parameters
Excellent Very Good Good Satisfactory Poor

Attendance

(Punctuality)

Productivity

(Volume, Promptness)

Quality of Work

(Accuracy, Completeness,
Neatness)
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Initiative

(Self-Starter, Resourceful)

Attitude

(Enthusiasm, Desire to Learn)

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Interpersonal Relations
(Cooperative, Courteous,
Friendly)

Ability to Learn
(Comprehension of New
Concepts)

Use of Academic
Training (Applies
Education to Practical
Usage)

Communications Skills

(Written and Oral Expression)

Judgement

(Decision Making)
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Please summarize. Your comments are especially helpful.

Areas where student excels:

Areas where student needs to improve:

Areas where student gained new skills, insights, values, confidence, etc.

Was student’s academic preparation sufficient for this internship?

Additional comments or suggestions for the student:

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Points
Awarded
Overall Evaluation of the Intern’s Performance

(Evaluation Scale shown below)

Evaluation Scale:
Very
Attributes Excellent Good Satisfactory Poor
Good

Points

Name of Officer In-Charge

:
(Guide/Supervisor)

Designation :

Signature of Officer In-charge

(Guide/Supervisor)
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Appendix B

PO's and PSO's relevance with Internship

Work

Program outcomes Relevance

Engineering Knowledge: Apply
knowledge of mathematics, science, Applied basic knowledge of
engineering fundamentals and an engineering to understand about
PO1 engineering specialization to the solution entrepreneurship
of complex engineering problems
Problem Analysis: Identify, formulate
research literature and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching Performed research in various ways to
substantiated conclusions using first analyze problems and find a solution
PO2
principles of mathematics, natural

sciences and engineering sciences.

Design/development of solutions:
Design solutions for complex
engineering problems and design systems
components or processes that meet Able to understand the market
specified need with appropriate strategies and problems in the society
PO3
consideration for public health and
safety, cultural, societal and
environmental considerations.

Conduct investigations of complex

problems: Research based knowledge
and research methods including design of
experiments, analysis and interpretation Investigation of various problems of
PO4 of data and synthesis of information to farmers
provide valid conclusions.

Modern tool usage: Create, select and

apply appropriate techniques, resources
Used many of the Tremendous tools
and modern engineering and it tools
PO5 for Development Process
including prediction and modelling to
complex engineering activities

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with an understanding of the limitations.

The engineer and society: Apply

reasoning informed by contextual
knowledge to asses societal, health, It can be Implemented in
safety, legal and cultural issues and various real-world problems
PO6
consequent responsibilities relevant to
professional engineering practice

Environment and sustainability:

Understand the impact of the professional
It can be beneficial to apply the
engineering solutions in societal and
knowledge in the environment with
PO7 environmental contexts, and demonstrate
sustainable nature
the knowledge and need for sustainable
development

Ethics: Apply ethical principles and

commit to professional ethics and
responsibilities and norms of the Able to identify standard norms
PO8
engineering practice.

Individual and team work: Function

effectively as an individual, and as a
member or leader in diverse teams, and in It is an Individual/Team work that
PO9 multidisciplinary settings. solves problem through
technology

Communication: Communicate
effectively on complex engineering
activities with the engineering community Prepared & documented summer
and with society at large, such as, being internship report on Technology
able to comprehend and write effective Entrepreneurship Program
PO10
reports and design documentation, make
effective presentations,and give and
receive clear instructions.

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Project management and finance:

Demonstrate knowledge and
PO11 It is a one-year training
understanding of the engineering and
process conducted by Indian
management principles and apply these
School of Business With
to one’s own work, as a member and
heavy costing.
leader in a team, to manage projects and
in multidisciplinary environments.

Life-long learning: Recognize the need

for and have the preparation and ability It is a endless learning procedure
PO12
to engage in independent and life-long because entrepreneur should learn
learning in the broadest context of everyday from everything.
technological change.

PSO1
Application Development An application that helps farmers

Prepared & documented summer

PSO2
Successful career and Entrepreneurship internship report on Technology
Entrepreneurship Program

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