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Lecture 4 - MATLAB Basics

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10 views21 pages

Lecture 4 - MATLAB Basics

Uploaded by

IRADUKUNDA Timothee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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ME-460 Solid State Joining

Basics of MATLAB
Outline

 User interface of MATLAB

 Basic numerical and logical operators in MATLAB

 Basic commands

 Graphical representation of variables

 Representation of matrix

 Solving linear simultaneous equation

 Numerical solution Vs. analytical solution

 Solving PDE

 Solution to 2 D steady state conduction problem

 Solution to 2 D transient conduction problem


User Interface of MATLAB

File Code
Browse Editor
r

Workspac
e
Command
Window
Basic Numerical Operators(1-5) and logical operators(6-10)

1. Addition (+)
2. Subtraction (−)
3. Division (/)
4. Multiplication(∗)
5. Power (∧)
6. Greater than (>)
7. Less than (=)
8. Less than equal to (<=)
9. Not Equal (∼=)
10. Equality (==)
Some Basic commands
• linspace(X1, X2): Generates a row vector of 100 linearly equally spaced points between X1
and X2.

• linspace(X1, X2, N) :Generates N points between X1 and X2.


Some Basic commands

Meshgrid : Cartesian rectangular grid in 2-D or 3-D.

[X,Y] = meshgrid (x,y) returns 2-D grid coordinates


based on the coordinates contained in vectors x and y.
X is a matrix where each row is a copy of x, and Y is a
matrix where each column is a copy of y. The grid
represented by the coordinates X and Y has length(y)
rows and length(x) columns.
Graphical representation of relationship between
two variable
Defining the Matrix and its inverse

 A = [1 2 3;4 5 6; 7 8 9]
Solving set of Linear Equation
 Let’s take an example
Solving Partial differential equations in
MATLAB
 A continuous system can be converted into a discretized
system with some approximations.
 By using Taylor’s expansion series the derivatives can be
written as
• First order forward differencing

𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖+1,𝑗 −𝑇𝑖,𝑗 𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖,𝑗+1 −𝑇𝑖,𝑗


= =
𝜕𝑥 ∆𝑥 𝜕𝑦 ∆𝑦

• First order Backward differencing

𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖,𝑗 − 𝑇𝑖−1,𝑗 𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖,𝑗 − 𝑇𝑖,𝑗−1


= =
𝜕𝑥 ∆𝑥 𝜕𝑦 ∆𝑦
• First order central differencing

𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖−1,𝑗 − 𝑇𝑖+1,𝑗 𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖,𝑗−1 − 𝑇𝑖,𝑗+1


= =
𝜕𝑥 2∆𝑥 𝜕𝑦 2∆𝑦
Numerical solution Vs. analytical solution

𝑑𝑦
= 2𝑥 + 1,
𝑑𝑥
Forward differencing: 𝑦 0 =0

Sol : 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥
Numerical solution Vs. analytical solution

For dx = 5 For dx = 1
Solving Partial differential equations in
MATLAB
 A continuous system can be converted into a discretized
system with some approximations.
 By using Taylor’s expansion series the derivatives can be
written as
• First order forward differencing

𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖+1,𝑗 −𝑇𝑖,𝑗 𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖,𝑗+1 −𝑇𝑖,𝑗


= =
𝜕𝑥 ∆𝑥 𝜕𝑦 ∆𝑦

• First order Backward differencing

𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖,𝑗 − 𝑇𝑖−1,𝑗 𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖,𝑗 − 𝑇𝑖,𝑗−1


= =
𝜕𝑥 ∆𝑥 𝜕𝑦 ∆𝑦
• First order central differencing

𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖−1,𝑗 − 𝑇𝑖+1,𝑗 𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖,𝑗−1 − 𝑇𝑖,𝑗+1


= =
𝜕𝑥 2∆𝑥 𝜕𝑦 2∆𝑦
Solving Partial differential equations in MATLAB
 2nd order central difference
𝜕2 𝑇 𝑇(𝑖−1,𝑗) −2𝑇(𝑖,𝑗) +𝑇(𝑖+1,𝑗)
=
𝜕𝑥 2 ∆𝑥 2

𝜕2 𝑇 𝑇(𝑖,𝑗−1) −2𝑇(𝑖,𝑗) +𝑇(𝑖,𝑗−1)


=
𝜕𝑦 2 ∆𝑦 2
 In time domain

𝑡+1 𝑡 𝑡 𝑡−1
𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖,𝑗 −𝑇𝑖,𝑗 𝜕𝑇 𝑇𝑖,𝑗 −𝑇𝑖,𝑗
= =
𝜕𝑡 ∆𝑡 𝜕𝑡 ∆𝑡
Solving Partial differential equations in MATLAB

Lets consider a square plate as shown in fig. The temp. at


the edges are shown, Determine the temp at the nodes
considering a 7*7 grid mesh.

We know 2D heat conduction equation will be the


governing equation for the case.

So as problem has to be solved for steady state , then


equation reduces to
𝜕2 𝑇 𝜕2 𝑇
+ 2 = 0……………..(1)
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦
𝜕2 𝑇 𝑇(𝑖−1,𝑗) −2𝑇(𝑖,𝑗) +𝑇(𝑖+1,𝑗) 𝜕2 𝑇 𝑇(𝑖,𝑗−1) −2𝑇(𝑖,𝑗) +𝑇(𝑖,𝑗−1)
= and =
𝜕𝑥 2 ∆𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦 2 ∆𝑦 2
Solving Partial differential equations in MATLAB

 So the equation 1 turns to

𝑇(𝑖−1,𝑗) −2𝑇(𝑖,𝑗) +𝑇(𝑖+1,𝑗) 𝑇(𝑖,𝑗−1) −2𝑇(𝑖,𝑗) +𝑇(𝑖,𝑗+1)


+ =0
∆𝑥 2 ∆𝑦 2

upon simplifying and making 𝑇𝑖,𝑗 as subject

1
𝑇(𝑖,𝑗) = 2 2 *[∆𝑦 2
*(𝑇(𝑖−1,𝑗) +𝑇(𝑖+1,𝑗) )+ ∆𝑥 2 *(𝑇(𝑖,𝑗−1) + 𝑇(𝑖,𝑗+1) )]
2∗(∆𝑥 +∆𝑦 )
Steady state 2D in plate

1000 C

5000 C 2000 C

3000 C
Steady state 2D in plate
Steady state 2D in plate with iterations
Steady state 2D in plate with iterations
Thank you!!

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