Optical Fiber Network Planning and

Installations
Level 1

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 Classification of fiber cables

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 MICE

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Design of fiber cable
1- core , cladding 125 Microns

2- Coating 250 Microns

3- Buffer

4- strength member

5-Water blocking tape

6- armored layer

7- outer jacket

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Design of fiber cable
1-core, cladding : the glass layers with size 125 Microns

2- Primary coating

glass optical fibers themselves are very brittle and very susceptible to mechanical
handling. Therefore, the bare glass fibers are surrounded by protective layers
including coating and cabling to be able to handle the mechanical impacts in
installation and maintenance.

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Design of fiber cable
Buffer -3
Buffers

Loose Tight Loose Tube buffer -1

tube buffer
Tight buffer -2

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 ‫المكونات االساسية لكابالت األلياف الضوئية‬
3.1Loose tube Buffer

•
Filled loose tube. The loose tube discussed above can be filled with moisture-resistant
compound which provides mechanical protection and a water barrier layer around the
fiber. This filling material is generally petroleum or silicone-based compounds.

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Design of fiber cable
• Water or moisture entering a fiber optic cable is a serious issue that plagues
manufacturers and ways to prevent it from happening are a key factor in the overall
cable design.
• To best ensure water or moisture does not damage a fiber optic cable, buffer tubes
contain water blocking agents.
• These tubes either include a water blocking gel or a water swellable material to
ensure the optical fibers are not compromised. Both methods are intended to
perform in environmental extremes; however, gel-free and gel-filled buffer tubes
have some key differences.

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Design of fiber cable
3.2 Tight Buffer

A. 900um tight buffer. A 900um diameter hard plastic material is coated as the
secondary buffer layer. The material is usually Nylon, Hytrel or Tefzel and it provides
stiffening for the fiber against outside microbending influences.

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Design of fiber cable
4- Strength member
• The levels of stress may cause microbending losses which result in an attenuation
increase and possible fatigue effects.
• To transfer these stress loads in short term installation and long term application,
various internal strength members are added to the optical cable structure.
• Such strength members provide the tensile load properties similar to electronic
cables, and keep the fibers free from stress by minimizing elongation and
contraction.
• • Kevlar
• Glass Rods or Steel

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Design of fiber cable
• In some cases, they also act as temperature stabilization elements.
Optical fiber stretches very little before breaking, so the strength
members must have low elongation at the expected tensile loads.
4- Central Strength member
• (GPR) Glass Reinforced Plastic

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Design of fiber cable
Outer Jackets

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• Samples of Loose Tube cable

• Loose Tube Cable

• Armored Cables

• Figure 8 Cable

• Ribbon Cables

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 Loose Tube Cable

• Number of tubes with color code.

• PE outer jacket
• Using in ducts and subducts

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 Armored Cables

• Steel Armor
• Double-Armor
• For Buried Cables
• Grounding

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 Figure 8 Cable “8” ‫الكابل ذو الشكل‬

• Steel Holder
• Corrugated steel armored
• Aerial Installation

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 Ribbon Cable

• 12 ,24 fibers in one tube

• For high capacity cables.

• Decrease splicing time

• But need specified tools, splicing

machine and enclures

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 Ribbon Cable

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Fiber Optic Cable Types

Outdoor Loose Tube Cables

• Designed for harsh outdoor installations

• Tensile Strength Elements
– Central member
• Dielectric or Steel
• Maintains bend radius
– Aramid yarns provide tensile strength

20
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Fiber Optic Cable Types -

Outdoor Loose Tube Cables

• Cable Water blocking Material

• Ripcord for accessing core
• Jacket
– Polyethylene
– Protection of cable core
– Chemical resistance
– UV and abrasion resistance

21
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Fiber Optic Cable Types

loose tube design, non-metallic, dry core

Applications
- Blowing into duct system
- Pulling into duct systems
- Laying in concrete channels
- Laying on cable racks

22
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Fiber Optic Cable Types

stranded loose tube design, non-metallic central member, dry core, corrugated steel tape

Applications
- Direct burial
- In applications with high mechanical loads
- In areas with rodents

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Fiber Optic Cable Types -

central tube design, non-corrugated steel tape

Applications
- Direct burial
- In areas with high mechanical loads
- In areas with rodents

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 Tight Buffer Cables
The main use of tight buffered cables, also known as riser cable or fiber distribution
cable, is within buildings and campuses, and are generally installed on cable trays or in
conduits. Therefore, they are suitable for internal plant or building networks.
• Simplex Fiber Optic Cables

• Duplex Fiber Optic Cables

• Zip cord Fiber Optic Cable

• Distribution Fiber Optic Cable

• Breakout Fiber Optic Cable

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 Simplex Fiber Optic Cables
Tight buffered fiber cables are generally constructed with 900μm buffered fiber
surrounded by aramid yarn or e-glass strength members jacketed in an LSZH
outer jacket. Simplex cable has only one fiber inside.

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 Duplex Fiber Optic Cables

Duplex cable has two fiber inside

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 Zip Cord Fiber Optic Cable

Fiber Patch Cords •

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 Distribution Fiber Optic Cable
Distribution cable is the most popular indoor cable, as it is small in size and light in
weight. They contain several tight-buffered fibers bundled under the same jacket with
Kevlar strength members and sometimes fiberglass rod reinforcement to stiffen the cable
and prevent kinking. These cables are small in size, and used for short, dry conduit runs,
riser and plenum applications.

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 Breakout Fiber Optic Cable
• Breakout cable is a favorite where rugged cables are desirable or direct termination
without junction boxes, patch panels or other hardware is needed.
• They are made of several simplex cables bundled together inside a common jacket.
This is a strong, rugged design, but is larger and more expensive than the distribution
cables. It is suitable for conduit runs, riser and plenum applications.
• It's perfect for industrial applications where ruggedness is needed. Because each fiber
is individually reinforced, this design allows for quick termination to connectors and
does not require patch panels or boxes.
• Breakout cable can be more economic where fiber count isn't too large and distances
too long, because is requires so much less labor to terminate.

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 Hybrid & Composite Cable

• Hybrid :
• Single Mode Fibers & Multimode Fibers
• Composite : Copper with fiber
• Using with :
• Repeaters
• Wireless Antennas
• CCTV Cameras
• Must be Grounded

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 Datasheet for fiber cable

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