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KTQT Trắc nghiệm Part 1 chương 12345

International Economics (Trường Đại học Kinh tế, Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội)

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C1
1. International economics can be divided into two broad sub-fields (2 lĩnh vực
lớn), including

d. international trade (P1) and international finance (P3)

2. Which of the following is not a major concern of international economic

theory? (KO phải mối quan tâm chính của lý thuyết KTQT)

b. Financial crisis. (khủng hoảng tài chính)

4. Which of the following statements with regard to international economics is

TRUE?

a. It is a relatively old field. (KTQT là 1 lĩnh vực tương đối lâu đời)

5. Which of the following terms refers to the exporting of goods or services

to consumers in another country?
c. International trade. (TMQT)
6. International trade is narrowly (nghĩa hẹp) defined as the exchange of
d. goods and services across national borders.

=> International trade = exchange of goods and sers

7. Who sells what to whom

a. has been a major concern of international economics.

8. Attempts: nỗ lực to explain the pattern of international trade

a. have been a major focus of international economists.

9. Which of the following is NOT the subject matter of international finance?

c. The basis and the gains from trade. (cái này chắc international trade)

Đúng: 3 part học

10. According to the traditional gravity model, a characteristic that tends to

affect the probability of trade existing bet (đặc điểm ảnh hưởng -> khả năng
TM) : size (GDP) and distance (TLT với quy mô, TLN với khoảng cách)
d. the distance between them.
11. What are the two main variables in the gravity model?
d. Distance and size of the economies.

12. The two neighbors of the United States (Mexico and Canada) do a lot more
trade with the United States than Euro
b. This is consistent with predictions from the gravity model.

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13. Economists often define or measure the degree of a

nation's openness to international trade as
b. the ratio of a nation's exports and imports of goods and
services to its GDP.
13. A country’s openness to international trade can be
measured by the following formula
c. (Exports + Imports)/GDP
14. The rough measure of the economic relationship among nations,
or their interdependence is given by (openness ratio)
a. the ratio of their import and export of goods and services to their GDP.

15. In the period between 2010 and 2019, the average

openness ratios of the world stay between

d. 61% - 70%

16. In ASEAN countries, which country has the highest

openness ratio in the period 2000 - 2019?
b. Singapore
17. A country with a low ratio of exports and imports to gross domestic
product (GDP) is ______ vulnerable to change
a. less (ratio càng cao càng dễ bị tổn thương (vulnerable) do càng phụ thuộc nước
ngoài)
18. Over time, generally, the economic interdependence of a nation
a. has increased. (interdependence ngày càng tăng)

19. In an opened economy, a nation

d. conducts trade and investment with other countries.

20. A closed economy is one in which

c. the home economy is isolated from foreign trade and investment.

(c. nền kinh tế trong nước bị cô lập khỏi thương mại và đầu tư nước ngoài.)

21. Autarky (tự cung tự cấp) means that

a. a country’s consumption possibilities are the same as its production possibilities.

( khả năng tiêu dùng của một quốc gia giống như khả năng sản xuất của nó) (TD=SX)

22. The trend from distinct (riêng biệt) national economic units and
toward(hướng tới) one huge global market is commonly referred to as
c. globalization. (toàn cầu hóa)
23. Which are the two macro factors that seem to underlie the trend toward
greater globalization?
d. The decline in barriers to the free flows of goods, services, and capital that has
occurred, and increased technology (giảm rào cản dòng chảy tự do của hh, dv, vốn +
gia tăng công nghệ)

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**24. Which of the following is NOT a reason for international specialization ?

(chuyên môn hóa quốc tế)
d. the world price of a good is determined by the world supply and demand for it.

(giá thế giới của một hàng hóa được xác định bởi cung và cầu thế giới đối với nó)
⇒ Open economy liên quan đến trade và investment

C2
25. Mercantilists believed that
a. trade can only benefit a country at the expense of another country.

(Một. thương mại chỉ có thể mang lại lợi ích cho một quốc gia bằng chi phí của một
quốc gia khác.)

26. Based on Mercantilist thinking, governments should

b. subsidize and encourage exports. (trợ cấp và khuyến khích XK)

27. Which of the following is NOT consistent with the central beliefs of
Mercantilism?
b. Policies should be put in place to minimize exports and maximize imports.

(giảm xuất, tăng nhập là sai; phải tăng tối đa xuất, giảm tối đa nhâp)

28. The Mercantilists believed in

a. running trade surplus. (xuất siêu)

29. Which of the following statements most accurately

captures the main tenet (nắm bắt chính xác nhất nguyên lý
chính) of Mercantilism?
d. It is in a country's best interests to maintain a trade surplus, or
to export more than it imports. (Lợi ích tốt nhất của một quốc gia
là duy trì thặng dư thương mại, hoặc xuất khẩu nhiều hơn nhập
khẩu.)

30. Which of the following is NOT true about Mercantilism?

c. Domestic producers were often hurt by mercantilism.

(Sai: Các nhà sản xuất trong nước thường bị tổn thương bởi chủ nghĩa trọng thương.)

31. The Mercantilists did not advocate: KHÔNG ỦNG HỘ

a. free trade.

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32. The Mercantilists would have objected to: PHẢN ĐỐI

d. international trade based on open markets

(thương mại quốc tế dựa trên thị trường mở, họ cần sự can thiệp từ NN)

33. The flaw (lỗ hổng) with Mercantilism was that it viewed trade as a
a. zero-sum game. (một nước được thì nước kia phải mất đi, 2 cái cộng lại bằng 0)

34. Mercantilism viewed trade as a zero-sum activity, which means that

c. one country's gains in international trade come at the expense of other

35. Trade is a zero-sum game. This is mostly in line with __________?

b. the mercantilists’ view on trade.

36. The neo-mercantilists: chủ nghĩa trọng thương mới did NOT advocate:
KHÔNG ỦNG HỘ
a. free trade.

⇒ CN TRỌNG THƯƠNG: trade surplus, nhấn mạnh xuất khẩu,

phản đối trade free và international trade based on open markets,
zero-sum game ( one nation can gain from international trade come at
the expense of others)

LỢI THẾ TUYỆT ĐỐI (ADAM SMITH)

37. According to Adam Smith, international trade was based on
a. absolute advantage.

38. Absolute advantage is determined by

a. actual differences in labor productivity between countries.

(chênh lệch thực tế về năng suất lao động giữa các nước.)

39. The concept of absolute advantage is based on

b. differences in labor costs across countries.

(khác biệt về chi phí lao động giữa các quốc gia.)

40. When Adam Smith presented his theory of absolute advantage, he thought
that all value was measured in terms
b. labor
41. Adam Smith's economic theories focused on LABOR
a. labor because he thought all value was determined by and measured in hours of
labor.

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(lao động vì ông cho rằng tất cả giá trị được xác định và đo bằng giờ lao động.)
42. __________holds that nations can increase their economic well-being by
specializing in the production of goods
c. The theory of absolute advantage. (chứ k phải là comparative)
43. If Britain’s labor productivity in the production of umbrellas is greater than
Vietnam’s labor productivity in umbrellas
b. absolute advantage
44. _______________________means that the labor productivity for a
particular product in a particular country is higher
b. Absolute advantage

45. In Adam Smith’s absolute advantage theory of trade,

d. both countries will gain from trade if each exports the product for
which it has lower labor cost.
(cả hai quốc gia sẽ có lợi từ thương mại nếu mỗi quốc gia xuất khẩu
sản phẩm mà họ có chi phí lao động thấp hơn.)
46. Adam Smith said that trade freely transacted: thương mại tự
do between countries
b. generally leads to gains for all countries, so international
trade is a positive - sum activity.
(thường dẫn đến lợi ích cho tất cả các quốc gia, vì vậy thương
mại quốc tế là một hoạt động có tổng dương.)
47. Unlike Mercantilists, Adam Smith maintained that
d. all nations can gain from free trade.

48. The author of the Wealth of Nations was

c. Adam Smith.

49. Having an absolute disadvantage in all products means that a country

b. is less productive than other countries.

51. One limitation of Adam Smith’s theory of absolute advantage is that

the theory cannot explain trade pattern
a. in a case that if one country has absolute advantage in both products.
52. What proportion of international trade: tỷ trọng TMQT is explained by
absolute advantage theory?
c. Some

53. The common assumption in Adam Smith’s theory of absolute advantage

and David Ricardo’s theory of comparative a
c. no barrier to trade. (giả định phổ biến: ko có rào cản TM

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⇒ LỢI THẾ TUYỆT ĐỐI: chỉ có yếu tố LABOR, liên quan đến
Labor Productivity, all nations can gain từ LTTD nên hd này
positive-sum, XUẤT KHẨU hh mà nó có lower cost, nhưng LIMITS
là: 1 nước có LTTD ở cả hai hh thì sao?, giả thuyết của LTTD là no
trade barriers.

LỢI THẾ SO SÁNH

54. Basis for trade is comparative advantage (3 theories) in the following
theories:
c. David Ricardo’s theory of comparative advantage + Opportunity cost theory + the
Heckscher - Ohlin theory.
55. Explanation of basis for trade in Adam Smith’s theory of absolute advantage
and David Ricardo’s theory of comparison
b. labor theory of value.
56. The basis for international trade according to David Ricardo’s theory is
a. comparative advantage.

57. The person credited with the first systematic expression of the
principle of comparative advantage was
Người được coi là người đầu tiên thể hiện một cách có hệ thống
nguyên tắc lợi thế so sánh là
d. David Ricardo.
58. The earliest statement of the principle of comparative advantage is associated
with
b. David Ricardo.

59.Which theory holds that nations should produce those goods for
which it can produce most efficiently?
d. The theory of comparative advantage.
42. __________holds that nations can increase their economic well-being by
specializing in the production of goods
c. The theory of absolute advantage. (chứ k phải là comparative)

60. __________that nations should produce those goods for which they
have the greatest absolute advantage.
d. The theory of comparative advantage

61. Comparative advantage is determined by

b. relative differences in labor productivity between countries.

62. The concept of comparative advantage is based on

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b. differences in relative labor costs across countries.

63, The commodity in which the nation has the smallest absolute
disadvantage is the commodity of its
c. comparative advantage.
64.When David Ricardo presented his theory of comparative advantage, he
thought that all value was measured in t
b. labor
65. A country can have a(n) _________________ even
if they do not have any _________________.
a. comparative advantage, absolute advantage (TẠI nó có
thẻe có smaller disadvantage)
66. If in a two-nation (A and B), two-commodity (X and Y) world, it is
established that nation A has a comparative advantage in X, so nation B
d. a comparative advantage in commodity Y.
67. Unlike Adam Smith, David Ricardo’s trading principle emphasizes the
c. role of comparative cost.

68. The source of beneficial free trade in the Ricardian world is

b. comparative advantage based on different labor productivities.

69. Each country can benefit from trade by (câu 70 nữa)

c. exporting products in which it has the greatest relative advantage (lợi thế tương
đối) and importing products in which it has the less relative advantage
70. The comparative advantage model of Ricardo was based on
b. inter-industry specialization and trade. chuyên môn hóa và thương mại liên ngành.

71. According to the principle of comparative advantage

a. each country should specialize in the good it can produce most efficiently
compared with its trading partner.
72. If a country exports the good that it can produce at a low opportunity cost
and imports those goods that it would
d. comparative advantage.
73. In a world of two nations and two commodities, if a nation has a
comparative advantage in the production of a ce
c. can produce this good at a lower opportunity cost.
74. In New Zealand one worker can produce 40 walking sticks or 10
boomerangs each hour. What is the opportunity cost of walking sticks
d. 1/4 boomerangs ( OC của A= Productivity của B/ Productivity của A)
77. In the presence of trade and constant opportunity cost, a
nation’s production will move towards
c. maximization of the goods that the nation can produce most
efficiently.

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78. A nation that gains from trade will find its consumption point being located
c. outside production possibility frontier.

79. If a country has a linear: đường thẳng (downward sloping) production

possibilities frontier (PPF), then production is said to be
a. constant opportunity costs.

80. In the absence of trade, the optimum: tối đa consumption points available to
a nation
c. lie on the production possibilities curve.

=> Note: absence of trade (ko có thương mại) thì điểm này nằm trên PPF
còn có thương mại thì đường này nằm ngoài PPF
**82. If the international rate of exchange (international price) stays at a
level that is between two countries’ opportunity (cái bảng ấy)
b. both countries gain from trade.
83. In a world of two countries, mutually beneficial trade (thương mại cùng có
lợi) will be conducted at
c. whatever price that stays between two countries' opportunity costs.

(bất cứ giá nào nằm giữa chi phí cơ hội của hai quốc gia.)

84. Mutually beneficial trade

a. allows both countries to consume a larger bundle of
goods than before trade occurred.
(cho phép cả hai quốc gia tiêu thụ một lượng hàng hóa lớn
hơn so với trước khi thương mại diễn ra.)
86. An important insight of international trade theory is that when a country
exchanges goods and services with another
b. it is usually beneficial to both countries.
87. If there is no trade, each country will have to produce all products
demanded in that country. When trade is established
d. shift labor resources toward producing goods in which it has a comparative
advantage.
Chuyển nguồn lao động sang sản xuất hàng hóa mà nước đó có lợi thế so sánh.

⇒ LỢI THẾ SỢ SÁNH: cũng dựa vào LABOR, LABOR COST,

LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, cả 2 nước đều có lợi nếu nó sản xuất cái
mà nó MOST EFFICIENTLY, hoặc sx ở LOWER OC, LTSS nhấn
mạnh role của OC, C max khi nó nó nằm OUTSIDE khi có TRADE,
vắng TRADE (absence of TRADE, thì nó nằm TRÊN đường PPF),

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nếu PPF có đường thẳng dốc xuống thì constant OC, Price nằm giữa
OC thì có mutual beneficial trade.

FACTOR ENDOWMENT MODEL

88. The factor endowment model of international trade was developed by
d. Eli Heckscher and Bertil Ohlin

89. The Heckscher-Ohlin theory of trade differs from

the Ricardian model by assuming that
b. there are two factors of production.
90. The Heckscher-Ohlin theory differs from the Adam Smith’s theory of
absolute advantage and David Ricardo’s the comparative advanntage is:
b. two factors of production.

91. If a country has a bowed out (concave to the origin) (có phần cong ra ngoài
(lõm về gốc tọa độ)) production possibility frontier, then production is said to
be

c. increasing opportunity costs.

92. In the Hechscher-Ohlin model, when wheat is labor

intensive with respect to automobiles,
d. a higher capital-labor ratio is used in the production of
automobiles than wheat.
tất nhiên tỷ lệ vốn-lao động cao hơn được sử dụng trong sản
xuất ô tô so với lúa mì.
93. In the Heckscher-Ohlin model, when a computer is
capital intensive with respect to a shirt, ???
a. a lower labor-capital ratio is used in the production of a
shirt than a
94. A good is labor intensive in the Heckscher-Ohlin model if

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a. it uses a relatively low land to labor ratio in production compared to that of another
good. (tỉ lệ vốn/ lđ tương đối thấp so với các quốc gia khác)
95. A higher ratio of labor to other factors than is present in other countries
indicates that a country is relatively ____
a. labor-abundant (khác với labor intensive)
96. A lower ratio of labor to other factors than is present in other countries
indicates that a country is relatively _____
a. labor-scare

H-O theory
97. The Heckscher-Ohlin theory
b. argues that comparative advantage arises from differences in national factor
endowments.
(lập luận rằng lợi thế so sánh phát sinh từ sự khác biệt trong nguồn lực yếu tố quốc
gia.)
98. In the Heckscher-Ohlin model, the most important cause of the difference in
relative commodity prices is the differ in
a. factor endowments.
99. In the Heckscher-Ohlin model with two factors and two
commodities, the two countries differ in
d. relative availabilities of factors of production.
100. The Heckscher-Ohlin theory explains comparative advantage as
the result of differences in countries’:
b. relative abundance of various resources. (giống câu trên)
101. The Heckscher-Ohlin theory can also be called
b. the factor-endowment theory.

102. The Heckscher-Ohlin model states that a country will have a comparative
advantage in the good or service whose
c. factor of production.
=> NCL thuyết này cứ liên quan tới factor of production
103. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin model, countries tend to have a
comparative disadvantage in and import goods
a. that employ the country’s relative scarce resource.
105. According to the factor endowment model of Heckscher and Ohlin,
countries heavily endowed with land will
c. export products that are land intensive.

106. What does the Heckscher-Ohlin model predict about the pattern of trade?

b. Each country specializes in production of goods that use its abundant

107. The Heckscher-Ohlin theory indicates that

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d. nations will be led by international market forces to specialize in the production

and export of goods that heavily
108. In the Heckscher-Ohlin model, a country will import the good that is ____
in the factor which is relatively ___________ in
b. intensive, abundant
109. ____________says that a country exports products that use relatively
abundant resources intensively and imports products
a. Heckscher-Ohlin Theory
110. Which of the following theories holds that countries will produce and
export products that use large amounts of
b. The Heckscher - Ohlin theory.
111. The trade model of the Swedish economists Heckscher and Ohlin maintains
that
b. comparative advantage determines the distribution of the gains from trade.

(lợi thế so sánh xác định sự phân phối lợi ích từ thương mại.)

112. Assume that the world has two nations producing two goods. The trade
between two nations is balanced when
c. relative commodity prices in two nations are equal.
(Thương mại giữa hai quốc gia được cân bằng khi giá hàng hóa tương đối ở hai
quốc gia bằng nhau.)
⇒ H-O khác vs những cái kia ở chỗ: nó có 2 factors, các liên
quan đến factor endowment, country-abundand, factor-
intensive, LTSS xác định sự phân phối gains, BLSS khi scare
factors đó,...

TARIFF
113. Free trade policy means
d. governments try to reduce and remove control and
taxation of imports and exports.
(chính phủ cố gắng giảm bớt và loại bỏ kiểm soát và
đánh thuế nhập khẩu và xuất khẩu)
114. Trade protectionist policy means
c. governments nurture domestic industries against foreign competition by
adopting trade policy instruments.
(chính phủ nuôi dưỡng các ngành công nghiệp trong nước chống lại cạnh tranh
nước ngoài bằng cách áp dụng các công cụ chính sách thương mại.)
115.Which of the following is not a reason to erect trade barriers: ko phải
lý do để dựng lên rào cản thương mại?
b. Promote import activities: khuyến khích nhập khẩu

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116. _____ are the oldest and simplest instrument of trade policy.
c. Tariffs

117. In today’s world, most countries impose tariffs

a. on imports.

118.Which of the followings is not an objective of import tariff?

c. Increase world market share of domestic firms. - SAI

Tăng thị phần thế giới (?)của các doanh nghiệp trong nước.

120. An import tariff is

b. a tax levied on an imported product.

121. An export tariff is

c. a tax levied on exported products.

122. An arrangement -thỏa thuận, in which a government levies a tax of $5

for every unit of a good that is exported is known as

b. an export tariff.

123. An valorem tariffs are collected as

b. a percentage of the price of the product.

124. A rate of 30% is the example of

a. ad valorem tariff.

125. A tax of 15 percent per imported item would be an example of a (an):

a. Ad valorem tariff

125. Specific tariffs are collected as

a. fixed amount of money per unit traded.

126. A specific tariff is

b. a fixed amount of money per physical unit of an imported product.

127. A specific tariff is

c. a tax on imports defined as an amount of currency per unit of the goods.

128. Which one of the following is best identified as a fixed

charge for each unit of a goods imported?
a. Specific tariffs
129. USD 3/pair of shoes is an example of
d. specific tariff.

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131. The difference between a specific tariff and an ad valorem tariff is that a
specific tariff

a. is a set amount of money per unit of a product, while an ad valorem tariff is a set
percentage of product price.
132. Which kind of tariff results in the government levying both a specific tariff
and an ad-valorem tariff on imported
a. Compound tariff
133. A compound tariff is a combination of a (an)
d. specific tariff and an ad valorem tariff.

134. Suppose that the United States imposes a tariff on ballpoint pens of 25
cents per pen plus 12% of the pen's value.
c. compound tariff.
135. Suppose an importer of steel is required to pay a $20 per ton plus 5% of
the value of steel. This is an example of a
c. compound tariff

136. Benefits of a tariff on an imported good usually accrue to

d. domestic producers

137. The principal benefit of tariff protection (thuế bảo hộ) goes to
b. domestic producers of the goods produced.

138. An import tariff benefits domestic producers of

the import-competing goods because
b. it raises the price for which they can sell their
products in the domestic market.
139. The redistribution effect of an import tariff is the transfer of income from
the
b. domestic buyers to domestic producers of the goods.

(b. người mua trong nước với các nhà sản xuất hàng hóa trong nước.)

140. Which of the following groups is thought by experts to

benefit from the imposition of tariffs - các nhóm được các
chuyên gia cho là được hưởng lợi từ việc áp thuế?
a. Government and producers.
141. When a tariff is imposed on imports of a certain good in a small country,
c. both domestic producers and government benefit.

142. Losers of an import tariff are

c. consumers.

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(Người thiệt hại của thuế nhập khẩu là người tiêu dùng.)

143. A tariff on a good will hurt

a. domestic consumers of the good.

144. An import tariff generally __________ domestic producers of import-

competing products and _______ domestic consumers.
c. helps; hurts \
145. If a small country imposes a tariff on imported motorcycles, the surplus of
domestic producers of motorcycles will
d. rise; fall
146. Free traders point out that
b. there is usually an efficiency loss from having tariffs b và d

147. The imposition of a tariff in a small country Việc áp đặt thuế ở nước nhỏ
c. reduces the welfare of a “small” importing country relative to free trade. (giảm phúc
lợi ở nước nhỏ so với TM tự do) (-(b+d))

148. Which of the following is NOT an effect of a specific import tariff?

b. there is no net welfare loss to society as a whole.

(không có tổn thất phúc lợi ròng cho toàn xã hội)

150. If a small country imposes a tariff on imported motorcycles, the world

price of motorcycles will
c. stay constant

151. When a tariff is imposed on an imported product,

a. domestic producers of the product can increase their prices.

(nhà sản xuất mặt hàng đó trong nước có thể tăng giá)=> người tiêu dùng thiệt

152. If a small nation imposes a tariff,

b. the losses to domestic consumers exceed the gains to domestic
firms and to domestic government.
(thiệt hại cho người tiêu dùng trong nước vượt quá lợi ích cho các
doanh nghiệp trong nước và cho chính phủ trong nước.) => phúc lợi
vẫn bị giảm
153. The effective rate of protection
b. measures how much protection a tariff or other trade policy
provides domestic producers.
(đo lường mức độ bảo vệ mà thuế quan hoặc chính sách
thương mại khác cung cấp cho các nhà sản xuất trong nước.)

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154. The effective rate of protection measures

d. the protection given by the tariff to domestic value added.

(đ. sự bảo hộ của thuế quan đối với giá trị gia tăng trong nước.)

155. The effective rate of protection

a. represents the change in value that firms in an industry add to the production
process when trade policy change
(đại diện cho sự thay đổi về giá trị mà các công ty trong một ngành bổ sung vào quy
trình sản xuất khi chính sách thương mại thay đổi)-giá trị gia tăng đó
156.When the production of a commodity does not utilize imported inputs (Khi
sản xuất hàng hóa không sử dụng đầu vào nhập khẩu), the effective rate of
protection (ERP) on the
b. equals the nominal tariff on the commodity – ERP bằng thuế quan danh nghĩa đối
với hàng hóa.

⇒ Tariff : percentage-ad valorem, fixed-specific, tariff tăng giá

trong nước=> lợi cho NSX và CP, hại cho NTD. tuy nhiên hại
NTD > lợi NSX+CP được => từ đó có sự giảm ở social welfare, ở
trade sau khi có tariff thì có efficiency loss.
NON – TARIFF
157. Which of the following is not a non-tariff barrier?
b. A tariff equal to 12% of value on imported oil.

159. Quotas are government-imposed limits on the

________ of goods traded between countries.
b. quantity
160. A specification of a maximum amount of a foreign produced goods (Thông
số kỹ thuật về số lượng tối đa của hàng hóa được sản xuất ở nước ngoài) that
will be allowed to enter the country over
c. import quota.
161. An import quota is a non-tariff barrier that
c. places a limit on the quantity of goods that may be imported.

162. An import quota is a

b. legal limit on the amount of a specific goods that can be
imported into a particular country.
163. An import quota is a
a. legal limit on the quantity of a good that can be imported per year.

164. Similar to import tariffs, import quotas tend to result in

a. higher prices and reduced imports.

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165. During periods of growing domestic demand, an import quota

b. is more restrictive on a country’s imports than a tariff.

(b. hạn chế nhập khẩu của một quốc gia hơn là thuế quan.)(thuế thì nó vẫn nhập khẩu
đc chứ cái này là lượng nhập khẩu cố định r)

166. Losers of an import quota are

b. consumers. (giống tariff)

167. Import quotas tend to result in all of the followings EXCEPT

a. domestic producers of the imported good being harmed.

168. An export subsidy - trợ cấp xuất khẩu is

b. an assistant of the domestic government to exporters.

169. Which of the followings is a government payment to assist exporters?

b. Subsidy

170. Export subsidies can take the form of

a. direct payments from a government to exporting firms, favorable tax treatment
or low-cost government loans.
(các khoản thanh toán trực tiếp từ chính phủ cho các công ty xuất khẩu, ưu đãi thuế
hoặc các khoản vay chi phí thấp của chính phủ)
171..Which of the followings is an objective of export subsidies?
c. Increase world market share of domestic firms.

(Tăng thị phần thế giới của các doanh nghiệp trong nước - vì họ đc XK)

172. Winners of an export subsidy are

d. producers of exported goods.

173. Export subsidies for the case of a small country will lead to
a. a loss in consumer surplus because domestic consumers have to pay higher prices.

(Một. thặng dư tiêu dùng bị mất do người tiêu dùng trong nước phải trả giá cao hơn.)

174. In the small exporting country, an export subsidy will___hurt_____

consumers and _____lower_______ the overall economic welfare
c. hurt, lower => welfare tổng nhìn chung vẫn giảm
175. An export subsidy on a good in a small country case will cause
d. a decrease in domestic consumption in the exporting country.

(đ. tiêu dùng nội địa của nước xuất khẩu giảm.) - bởi nó xk nhiều qua nước khác r
(nước nhỏ mà)

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176. Imposing an export subsidy in a small country will result in ___tăng

giá____in the price of the subsidized goods (tăng giá trong nc vì sản lượng nó ít
đi)
a. an increase
⇒ quota, export subsidy đều làm tăng giá, PS giảm, CS tăng, Welfare vẫn giảm
Trợ cấp XK làm tanưg thị phần thế giới của DN nội địa còn tariff thì không

DUMPING
179. When companies from other countries "dump" products in Vietnam, they
a. sell at prices lower than prices charged to their own domestic customers.

(Khi doanh nghiệp các nước “bán phá giá” sản phẩm tại Việt Nam, họ

Một. bán với giá thấp hơn giá bán cho khách hàng nội địa của họ) - ĐỂ HỌ KÉO
KHÁCH HÀNG CHO HỌ

180. A US company has excess products-sp dư thừa that it does not want to sell
into the US market because it will bring down the: giảm giá trị
b. Dumping.

181. In international trade, “dumping” refers to

d. selling goods at a price below the cost of production.

đ. bán hàng với giá thấp hơn giá thành sản xuất.

182. Antidumping duties: thuế chống phá giá are used to

a. offset the margin of dumping: bù đắp biên độ phá giá

183. A quota on trade imposed by the exporting country, typically at the request
of the importing country's governmen (Hạn ngạch thương mại do nước xuất khẩu
áp đặt, thường là theo yêu cầu của chính phủ nước nhập khẩu)
a. voluntary export restraint VER.: hạn chế xuất khẩu tự nguyện
184. Both import quotas and VERs benefit _____ by limiting import
competition, but they result in higher prices, which hurts
a. domestic producers; consumers.

185. In the study of international economics,

d. flows of goods and services are discussed before flows of factors.

dòng hàng hóa và dịch vụ được thảo luận trước dòng nhân tố.

186. How do countries gain from international trade?

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c. Countries can import products that can be produced more

efficiently in other countries.
187. Increased foreign competition tends to
c. place constraints on the wages of domestic workers.

đặt ra những ràng buộc về tiền lương của người lao động trong nước

188. Free traders maintain that an open economy is advantageous in that

it provides all of the following except
a. relatively high wage levels for all domestic workers.
mức lương tương đối cao cho tất cả lao động trong nước (đã tự do thì ko có
chuyện tất cả đều lương cao đc)
189. A primary reason why nations conduct: tiến hành international trade is that
b. resources are not equally distributed to all trading nations.

190. A primary reason why nations conduct

international trade is because of differences in
c.resource availabilities.
=> Trade vì resources ko đồng đều, có sẵn
191. The opening of trade will lead to the loss of jobs in import-competing
sectors:ngành,
d. but those workers who lose jobs because of imports can shift to the expanding
export-oriented industries.

nhưng những người lao động bị mất việc làm do nhập khẩu có thể chuyển sang các
ngành công nghiệp định hướng xuất khẩu đang mở rộng.

192. The movement to free international trade is most likely to generate short-
term unemployment in which industries
b.Import-competing industries như câu trên
193. The United States is less dependent on trade than most other countries
because
a. the United States is a relatively large country.

194. The gravity model offers a logical explanation for the fact that
d. trade among the European Union’s members exceeds trade between the European
Union’s members and the US (do khoảng cách nè)
195. The gravity model explains why
b. trade between Sweden and Germany exceeds that between Sweden and Spain.

(khoảng cách)

197. Trade volume is much smaller between Germany and Luxembourg than
between Germany and France. This is in
d. Gravity model.

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198. In economic terms, globalization

d. refers to the economic integration of the world, as trade, investment, and money
increasingly across internation
199. The most recent wave of globalization, which began in the 1980s, has
emphasized the outsourcing of
a. services and white-collar jobs.
200. Which of the followings is NOT true regarding the volume of world trade
today?
b. The value of international trade in services is dropping.

201. Which of the followings is NOT a current international economic problem?

a. Financial crises only in the developed nations. – đang pt cũng bị nhé

203. Mercantilism maintained that government regulation of trade was

d. necessary to monitor imports and exports so that a trade surplus can be attained.

cần thiết để giám sát nhập khẩu và xuất khẩu để có thể đạt được thặng dư thương mại.

204. Which of the following holds that a government can improve the economic
well-being of a country by encouraging
a. Neo-mercantilism
205. The key difference between Neo-mercantilists’
and Mercantilists’ thinking is related to
c. chú trọng emphasis on development.
206. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Both Mercantilists and Neo-mercantilists advocate
promoting exports and limiting imports. (X tăng M giảm)
207. Adam Smith maintained that national well-being
depends on the ability to consume, so
b. imports are valuable because national consumption can
increase.
208. Adam Smith’s theory of absolute advantage differs from Mercantilism by
arguing that
b. nature of wealth of a nation depends on the amount of goods and services that a
country can produce.
Bản chất của sự giàu có của một quốc gia phụ thuộc vào số lượng hàng hóa và dịch
vụ mà một quốc gia có thể sản xuất.
209. Which of the following is not an assumption generally made in the study
of classical international trade theory?
c. two factors of production , classical chỉ có 1 yếu tố th
210. Comparative advantage is based on assuming away
b. the effects of trade on income distribution within a country.

Comparative=> income distribution

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211. Ricardo's principle of comparative advantage unrealistically assumes (giả

định 1 cách phi thực tế) that

a. marginal opportunity costs will be constant when, in fact, they are

generally increasing.
212. In the Ricardian model, if the economy is producing at a point on
its production possibility frontier then
d. all of the country’s workers are employed.
213. The assumption of constant opportunity costs of production in the classical
model results in a _________ production
a. linear; complete
214. Which of the following is NOT true about a
constant cost production possibilities curve?
c. The opening up of free trade causes it to shift to the
right. => SAI
Việc mở cửa thương mại tự do khiến nó dịch chuyển sang
phải
215. Complete specialization by countries is not common. For instance, the
United States
b. produces some amount of most products that are also imported.

216. David Ricardo's theory of comparative advantage attempts to rationalize

why some countries export automobiles
b. international differences in labor productivity.
217. A country gains more from trade if
a. it exports a variety of products and imports products that are not
produced domestically.
nó xuất khẩu nhiều loại sản phẩm và nhập khẩu các sản phẩm mà trong
nước không sản xuất được.
219. Suppose that Canada and Mexico produce cloth and table,
which of the following statements is true?
c. Canada has a comparative advantage in the production of cloth.

242. Assuming a model of two nations producing two commodities, the process
of specialization in production continuing

b. the commodity that a nation has comparative advantage in increases.

hàng hóa mà một quốc gia có lợi thế so sánh tăng lên

243. When a nation begins to trade according to comparative

advantage rather than: thay vì remaining self-sufficient: tự cung tự
cấp,
a. the price of its exported product rises relative to the price of its imported
product.

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giá của sản phẩm xuất khẩu của nó tăng tương đối so với giá của sản phẩm nhập khẩu.

bởi nó đc lợi mà
247. Which of the followings is NOT an assumption of the Heckscher-Ohlin
model?
d. The supply of factors of production grows over time.=> SAI

Việc cung cấp các yếu tố sản xuất tăng theo thời gian.

249. All of the following assumptions must be accepted in order to apply the
Heckscher- Ohlin Theory, EXCEPT that
b. countries differ in their technologies: thuyết này có tech nhma nó ko khác nhau
250. One way in which the Heckscher-Ohlin model differs from the Ricardo
model of comparative advantage is by assumption
d. technology
251. Where labor costs are a greater share of product costs than other factors,
the products are considered to be relatively
b. labor-intensive
253. The Heckscher-Ohlin theorem states that
b. a nation with a low ratio of wage to interest rates should export the products that
are labor intensive.
254. Which of the following statements is a fair comparison of the Heckscher-
Ohlin theory and the Ricardo theory of
c. Unlike Ricardo's theory, the Heckscher-Ohlin theory argues that the pattern of
international trade is determined
255. What is the main difference between the Heckscher-Ohlin model and the
Ricardian model?
c. Unlike in the Ricardian model, endowments of factors of production affect trade
patterns in the Heckscher-Ohlin
256. As opposed: trái ngược to the Ricardian model of comparative advantage,
the assumption of diminishing returns in the H-O
a. countries will not be fully specialized in one product.
các quốc gia sẽ không chuyên môn hóa hoàn toàn vào một sản phẩm

257. Which of the following statements is a fair comparison of the Heckscher-

Ohlin theorem and the Heckscher-Ohlin

d. the Heckscher-Ohlin theory explains trade pattern while the Heckscher-Ohlin-

Samuelson theory relates to factor

lý thuyết Heckscher-Ohlin giải thích mô hình thương mại trong khi lý thuyết
Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson liên quan đến thực tế

266. The success of Asian apparel: may mặc exports to the United States and
the Europe Union lies in

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c. the fact that apparel uses unskilled labor intensively and Asia is relatively
abundant in that factor.

Sự thành công của xuất khẩu hàng may mặc châu Á sang Hoa Kỳ và Liên minh châu
Âu nằm ở

c. thực tế là may mặc sử dụng nhiều lao động phổ thông và châu Á tương đối dồi dào
về yếu tố đó.

267. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin model and its implications, trade makes
some people absolutely better off and
a. other people absolutely worse off in each country.
=>
KO PHẢI AI CŨNG GIÀU ĐÂU, INCOME DISTRIBUTION ĐÓ

TÍNH TOÁN TARIFF

269. If the world price of steel is $500 a ton, a specific tariff of $50
is equivalent to an ad valorem tariff of
b. 10 %.
270. Which of the following will be the lowest
barrier on imports of $300 digital cameras?
d. A compound duty of $5 and 1%.

271. The difference between a specific tariff and an ad valorem tariff is that a
specific tariff

a. is a set amount of money per unit of a product, while an ad valorem tariff is a

set percentage of product price.

273. If a nation fitting the criteria for the small nation model imposes a 10%
tariff on imports of autos, the price of aut
a. will rise by 10%.
274. An import tariff of $10 per unit of imported good imposed by a small
country
c. increases the price of this good in the importing country by $10 and

275. When a small country levies a 10% tariff on imports

b. demanders of the goods on domestic market are hurt.

276. Suppose that a small country imposes a tariff on imports of automobiles

from the rest of the world. In addition, y
b. Domestic production of automobiles will increase.
278. If Canada imposes a tariff on bananas and if
none are grown in Canada, this tariff has
a. revenue effects.

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279. In the domestic market, tariffs make imports

_______________ and domestic products ______________
d. less competitive; more competitive.
280. A tariff that prohibits imports has
c. a consumption effect and protection effect.

281. If a goods is imported into a small country H from country F, then

the imposition of a tariff in country H
b. raises the price in country H and cannot affect its price in country F.
282. The imposition of a tariff on imported good by a small country results in
a net national welfare loss because of
c. the losses caused by production and consumption distortions.
283. The imposition of a tariff on imported good by a small country results in
net national welfare loss because of the
b. efficiency losses due to production and consumption distortions.
284. The deadweight loss of a tariff is
a. a social loss since it promotes inefficient production.

285. Normally, governments in the developing countries will impose tariffs

because
c. tariffs are often a simple means available for generating government revenues.

286. If a tariff is removed, then the gains from trade, in

absolute value, brought to consumers of the imported
goods a
a. larger than the losses to domestic producers of that good.

287. A lower tariff on imported aluminum would most likely benefit

c. domestic consumers of aluminum.

288. A decrease in the import tariff will result in

a. An increase in imports but a decrease in domestic production

290. It takes $200,000 worth of steel to produce a small private jet worth
$1,000,000. The nominal tariff rate for steel is
a. 22.5%.
291. Given unit value (price) of a lamp is $175 and unit cost of lamp inputs is
$100 in free trade. What is the Effective R
b. 46⅔%.
292. At free-trade prices, a bicycle sells for $100 and contains $90 worth of
inputs. Country X has a nominal tariff rate
c. 60%.

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293. Suppose that the production of $500,000 worth of steel in the US requires
$100,000 worth of iron ore. The US nom
c. 18%
294. Suppose that the production of a $30,000 automobile in Canada requires
$10,000 worth of steel. Canada’s nominal
b. 32%
295. Suppose that the nominal tariff rate on finished computers is 12% and
that the average nominal tariff rates on th
a. be less than 12%, and can be negative.
296. When a government allows raw materials and other intermediate products
to enter a country duty free, this gene
b. a nominal tariff rate less than the Effective Rate of Protection (ERP).
297. If no imported inputs (hard-disk drive) goes into the domestic production
of a final product (desktop computer), t
a. equals the effective rate of protection (ERP) on the product.
298. The effective rate of protection (ERP) of an industry is
d. more or less than the nominal tariff rate depending on the tariffs on inputs.

299. Which of the following refers to the percentage by which a nation's trade
barriers raise an industry's value added
c. Effective Rate of Protection (ERP).
300. If the tariff on computers is not changed, but the
government then adds hitherto nonexistent tariffs on
imported
b. decrease.

301. An increase in the nominal tariff on the imported good that is assembled
domestically will result in the Effective

c. increase.

302. The increase in the tariffs on intermediate inputs in order to increase their
production will result in the Effective
b. decrease.
303. Suppose that the tariff on shirts is 20% while the tariff on the cloth used
to make the shirts is also 20% and there
d. The effective rate of protection (ERP) on shirts is unchanged.
304. For advanced countries such as the United States, tariffs
on imported raw materials tend to be
b. lower than tariffs on imported manufactured goods.
305. Concerning international trade restrictions, which of the following is false?
c. Trade restrictions cause nations to produce inside their transformation curve.

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306. Non-tariff barriers (NTBs) have become an issue of concern in recent years
because:
b. NTBs are often applied in ways that are discriminatory.

307. An import quota

d. generates rents that might go to foreigners.

308. The main difference between an import tariff and an import quota is
b. a quota generates rents that might go to foreigners.

309. In certain situations, the imposition of an import quota on an imported

good in a small country might result in a
b. quota rents might be transferred to foreigners.
310. If an import tariff and an import quota are equivalent, then the tariff
b. has the same effect on price and imports as the quota.

311. Many argue that there is ultimately no real difference between a tariff and
quota – both raise price and lower the
b. prefer a quota to its equivalent tariff.
312. Which of the following is most correct?
c. An import quota is more suitable for urgent emergency applications by
government officials than a comparable
313. Which of the following is not correct concerning quotas?
d. Lobbying efforts by domestic producers and foreign exporters are vigorously
fought by domestic consumers.
314. Which of the following statements regarding the differences and similarities
between tariffs and quotas is FALSE
c. If there is an exogenous decline in the domestic supply of the good, under a tariff
imports would remain consta
315. If import licenses are auctioned off to domestic importers in a competitive
market, the revenue effect of the quot
c. the domestic government.

316. If import licenses are auctioned off to domestic importers in a competitive

market, the revenue effect of the quot

d. the domestic government.

317. The revenue effect of an import quota will be accrued to the home-
country government if quota licenses are
b. auctioned to the highest-bidding importing company.
318. If an import tariff and quota lead to equivalent
increases in the domestic price of steel, then
d. they might have different impacts on how income is
distributed.
319. To be effective, an import quota must

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c. restrict imports to less than would be imported under free trade.

320.
b. foreign producers.

321. If Japan and Australia enter into a voluntary export restraint (VER)
agreement and Australia agrees to limit its exp
d. Australian producers.
322. VERs (Voluntary Export Restrains) are less effective in limiting imports
than import quotas because VERs
a. leave the door open for other nations to replace exports of the suppliers who are
restricted by VERs.
323. An export subsidy unambiguously results in the loss of national welfare
greater than a tariff because the export
c. loss in tariff revenue besides losses due to production and consumption
324. Which of the following is NOT true about agricultural subsidies?
a. They afford inefficient farmers the ability to exit the industry without debt.

325. In certain industries, Japanese employers hesitate to lay off (cho thôi việc )
workers. Therefore, they sometimes have excess supp
d. dumping.
326. Which of the following is considered to be the
ultimate objective of antidumping policies?
c. Protect domestic producers from "unfair" foreign
competition.
327. Which of the followings is a correct statement?
c. Dumping is only possible when a firm can discriminate between markets.

328. In 1970, one major dumping case was brought against Sony of Japan. Sony
was selling televisions made in Japan t
b. persistent dumping.
329. Which of the followings is a fair comparison between
predatory dumping and persistent dumping?
a. Both predatory dumping and persistent dumping are considered as
unfair practices.
330. Cartels in primary products other than oil are unlikely
because
c. most primary products would be subject to competing supplies from non-

331. The cause of oil crises in 1973-

1974 and 1979-1980 were the result
of

d. the successful execution of a cartel

(liên minh ) of oil producing

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 lOMoARcPSD|27099444

countries. (d. thực hiện thành công

liên minh các nước sản xuất dầu mỏ.)

332. OPEC’s ability to maintain a successful oil cartel depends on

c. the ability of OPEC to enforce
production cutbacks among its members.
khả năng của OPEC trong việc thực thi
việc cắt giảm sản xuất giữa các thành
viên.

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