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Antibacterial Activity of Trichoderma

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Antibacterial Activity of Trichoderma

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Ararsa Leta
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & BIOLOGY

ISSN Print: 1560–8530; ISSN Online: 1814–9596


15–355/2015/17–6–1101–1109
DOI: 10.17957/IJAB/15.0049
http://www.fspublishers.org

Full Length Article

Proteomic Approaches of Trichoderma hamatum to Control Ralstonia


solanacearum Causing Pepper Bacterial Wilt
Peng Cheng1,2†, Wei Song4†, Xiao Gong1,2, Yisong Liu3, Weiguo Xie1,2, Lihua Huang1,2 and Yahui Hong1,2*
1
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha
410128, PR China
2
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
3
National Chinese Medicinal Herbs (Hunan) Technology Center, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
4
Key Laboratory of Science and Engineering for Marine Ecology and Environment, The First Institute of Oceanography, SOA,
Qingdao 266061, PR China
*
For correspondence: cp232@163.com; cp232@sina.cn
†These authors contributed equally to this work

Abstract

Hunan province has the largest pepper cultivation and highest pepper consumption in China. In recent years, peppers
(Capsicum frutescens L.) cultivated in Hunan province have been infected by Ralstonia solanacearum, causing bacterial wilt
thus inducing vast economic losses. Twenty-two strains of Trichoderma were isolated from soil samples near the pepper
cultivation area in LiLing, Hunan province, PR China. Phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS region of the isolated strains
detected three species including Trichoderma hamatum, T. asperellum, and T. virens. An antimicrobial test showed that T.
hamatum strain YYH13 had the greatest antimicrobial activity against the bacterial wilt pathogen and that proteins in the
liquid metabolites played a major role in this activity. A 1D-shotgun proteomics approach, in conjunction with LC-MS/MS,
identified 125 different secreted proteins. Most of the antimicrobial proteins contain several specific chitinases that play an
important role as hydrolytic enzymes during cell wall degradation. © 2015 Friends Science Publishers

Keywords: Trichoderma hamatum; Antimicrobial Activity; Bacterial wilt; Pepper; Isolation and identification

Introduction defending against a wide range of plant pathogens (Yedidia


et al., 1999; Harman et al., 2004).Consequently, the search
China has the largest pepper growing areas in the world. for Trichoderma species with high antagonistic potential
Hunan province is the leading pepper producing and against plant pathogens has become more attractive in
consuming province in China, with a planted area of 8×104 recent years for the development of environment friendly
hectares (Li et al., 2013). Recent outbreaks of bacterial wilt agricultural practices. Recently, T. hamatum has gained
have caused a sharp decrease in the pepper yield. Generally, interest in both academia and industry for its ability to
bacterial wilt in peppers causes a 30% to 40% death rate, enhance a plant’s biomass and control pathogenic fungi
and in serious conditions, the rate can reach as high as 70% (Studholme et al., 2013). This species’ efficient control of
(Huang et al., 2011). Bacterial wilt is caused by R. plant pathogens depends on several physiological properties
solanacearum and Erwinia species (Hayward, 1991). The such as a rapid growth rate, ability to utilize various
conventional control of these pathogens has relied on substrates, resistance to noxious chemicals, and production
chemical pesticides that are inefficient and harmful to the of antibiotics and extracellular hydrolytic enzymes (Carsolio
environment. et al., 1994; Lorito et al., 1996a, b; Kullnig et al., 2000;
Trichoderma species are common fungi that make up a Harman et al., 2004; Chase and Fay, 2009; Studholme et al.,
large portion of the soil’s biomass (Samuels, 1996). They 2013). Wang et al. (2013) showed that T. hamatum could
efficiently keep at least 18 genera and 20 species of restrict the growth of bacterial wilt pathogens in ginger.
pathogenic fungi and bacteria in check (Olson and Benson, Thus, research on the antimicrobial effects of T. hamatum
2007; Bing et al., 2012; Meng et al., 2013). Over the last will be key to determining how to control bacterial wilt in
decade, there has been an increasing demand in the peppers.
agricultural market for biological agents that work with The objective of this study was to: (1) isolate
similar or possibly better efficacy than chemical agents at Trichoderma species from the soil in pepper-growing areas

To cite this paper: Cheng, P., W. Song, X. Gong, Y. Liu, W. Xie, L. Huang and Y. Hong, 2015. Proteomic approaches of Trichoderma hamatum to control
Ralstonia solanacearum causing pepper bacterial wilt. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 17: 1101‒1109

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