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Dial Gauge Indicator Report

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226 views10 pages

Dial Gauge Indicator Report

Uploaded by

irisiraq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THE DIAL GAUGE

INDICATOR
UNIVERSITY OF BAGHDAD
AL-KHWARZIMI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
AUTOMATED MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING

Abdullah Araz Nabeel | Engineering Workshop | 12/4/2023


Introduction
Dial Indicator is a precision measuring tool. It is
commonly used in mechanical applications. It is
widely used in manufacturing and maintenance
industries. It is a highly versatile instrument and
provides accurate results.

PAGE 1
History of dial indicators
The dial indicator came from the work of a nineteenth century
watchmaker in New England. John Logan of Waltham,
Massachusetts, filed a U.S. patent application on May15,1883 for
what he termed as “an improvement in gages’’. Its outward
appearance was no different than the dial indicators of today but
the pointer (indicator needle) was actuated by an internal
mechanism consisting of a watch chain would around a drum
(arbor). The arbor diameter determined the amplification factor
of the indicator. Later, Logan developed a rack and pinion
assembly that is currently in use today on most mechanical dial
indicators.
The full range of applications of this device was not recognize for
another 13 years when one of Logan’s associates, Frank Randall,
another watchmaker from E. Howard Watch CO., Boston,
bought the patent rights from Logan in 1896.He then formed a
partnership with Francis Stickney and began manufacturing dial
indicators for general industry.
The German professor Ernst Abbe established the measuring
instrument department at the Zeiss Works in 1890 and by 1904
he had developed a number of instruments, which included a dial
indicator, for sale to industry. The dial indicator is still in prevalent
use today and newer design have been outfitted with electronic
sensors and digital readouts.
For the past 50 years, the most common tool that has been used
to accurately measure shaft misalignment is the dial indicator.

PAGE 2
Construction of a Dial Indicator
The construction of a Dial indicator changes based
on their types. For example, engineers often use two
types of dial indicators namely Sector shape and
Circular shape. The Sector type dial indicators are
not useful for measuring any tool or work piece. It is
often used by engineers to make the measurement
more accurate. Also, the Sector type dial indicators
are quite limited in range.

PAGE 3
Parts of Dial Indicator
 A dial with the incorporation of the main scale.
 The plunger (spindle).
 Indicator (Needle).
 Locking screw or Locknut.
 Mini dial that represents the number the revolutions.
 Magnification mechanism.

PAGE 4
Types of dial indicators
Balance reading Dial Indicators
In this type of dial indicator, all the information is
displayed on its face. The numbers are printed in
two directions. Positive numbers are calibrated to
the right-hand side of zero and negative numbers are
featured on the left-hand side of zero.

Reversed Balance Dial Indicators


In this indicator, numbers are calibrated in the
opposite direction as compared to a Balance Reading
Dial Indicator. The numbers on Reversed Balance
Dial Indicators run in one direction without
stopping.

Continuous Dial Indicators


In a Continuous Dial Indicator figures are calibrated
in one direction only. They do not have two sets of
numbers featured on balanced reading dial
indicators.

PAGE 5
Prelinger Dial Indicators
It has a clock-like face, and this tool is used to measure
injection molding. It is a precision measuring tool used widely
in manufacturing and engineering industries. It provides
accurate and reliable measurements of linear distances. It is
based on the principle of movement of a spindle attached to a
spring-loaded plunger.
Test Dial Indicators
These tools are adjustable. They are generally used to
measure the accuracy of other measuring tools such as dial
gauge, micrometer, height gauge, etc. The test dial indicator is
available in various sizes for different types of applications
such as hole depth measuring, flatness detection, runout
measurement etc.
Lever Dial Indicators
Lever Dial Indicator is characterized by a scroll and lever
mechanism. This type of indicator is more compact and
flawless to use. It is used to measure linear distances and small
changes in the dimension of components.
Working principle Gear pinion Dial Indicators
The working principle of a Dial Indicator is that the
movement of the spindle is multiplied by the reading of the
main scale as per the indication of the needle. The plunger
meshes with P1 and G1. G1 will mesh with gears and pinions
to enhance accuracy. P3 will be connected with the needle
and thus it will show the deflection.

PAGE 6
Uses of dial indicators
1. For Workpiece Alignment
Engineers use dial indicators for workpiece alignment in various machines including, but
not limited to, milling machines, lathe machines, grinding machines, and EDM.

2. To Identify Lateral Run-out


Dial gauge indicators find significant application in automotive disc brakes where they
are used to check lateral run-out. Engineers then reinstall the disc failing which can
cause damaged studs and uneven torque.

3. For Calibrating Machines


Before the production even begins, dial indicators are used to calibrate the machines in
the workshop. This phase is the first one in the manufacturing process used to ensure
maximum accuracy in the output.

4. To Measure Height Difference


Narrow limits and the height difference between them are difficult to measure. This
difference is where the role of dial gauge indicators comes in. They can measure such
minute height differences with ease.

5. To Detect Deformations
In the manufacturing process, deformations such as compression and intension are
bound to arise. However, it is equally important to identify and eliminate them using dial
gauge indicators.

6. Checking Positional Errors


Dial indicators also find critical applications in detecting positional surface errors such as
alignment, squareness, and parallelism.

7. Detect Geometrical Errors


Accurate geometry is imperative in the manufacturing process. This fact is why dial
gauge indicators are used for determining errors in taper, roundness, and ovality.

PAGE 7
Advantages of Dial Indicators
 Dial indicator is the most flawless tool used for linear
measurements.
 Due to small tolerances, the size of the tool is very compact
and thus, it can be used seamlessly in mass production.
 Dial indicator is also useful in dimension control.
 Dial Indicators are also used to measure deviations by
aligning with some other attachments.
 For a round corner workpiece, the amount of taper can also
be measured efficiently by Dial Indicators.

Disadvantages of Dial Indicators


 The precision of Dial Indicators is often lost due to vibration
of machinery.
 Space constraints can lead to the installation of the tool at
an angle due to which the precision of the measuring device
is lost.
 Another crucial disadvantage of the Dial Indicator is the
parallax effect.
 In case of journal bearings and sleeve bearing, some amount
of axial play seems to be incorporated. Therefore, it has an
impact on the accuracy level of Dial Indicators.
References: tresnainstrument.com/history_of_dial_indicators.html ,

dizz.com/dial-indicator/ , bakergauges.com/uses-of-dial-gauges-and-dial-indicator/

PAGE 8
Measurements
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PAGE 9

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