Medical Microbiology
Medical Microbiology
Conical flask, volumetric flask, Beaker, Graduated cylinder, glass Petri dish
B -Radiation sterilization
Non ionizing type, like ultra-violate rays, infra-red rays
Ionizing type, like Gamma rays, X ray, Beta rays Ultraviolet
Lampe (UV rays)
Gases:
formaldehyde ethylene oxide
Ethylene Oxide: Kills germs by damaging their DNA-RNA
Mechanical methods:
Filtration.: The material is effect by heat (Heat sensitive solutions)
Ex. (serum, protein, sugar, vaccine, antibiotics) are sterilized by filtration
pH
Pressure
• Osmotic pressure
Chemical methods of sterilization
Antiseptic:
It is chemical substance that kill micro-organisms on living tissues, ex.
70% alcohol, heptane, 10% Dettol to sterilize hand.
B- Disinfectant:
IT is a chemical substance used to sterilize non -living objects
ex. Phenol, 5% formalin to sterilize refrigerator
The disinfectant may be described either as:
Bacteriostatic.: any chemical substance which inhibits the growth and
multiplication of bacteria but do not necessarily kill them.
Bacteriocidal: any chemical substance which kills the bacteria and their
spores.
Sepsis: presence of infection (M.O) in living tissue.
Asepsis: Absence of infection (M.O) in living tissue.
Culture Media
Kinds of media
Culture media are divided into 3 types according their solidity:
1. Solid.
2. liquid
3. Semisolid.
In liquid media the bacteria are free to move, but when grown in
solid media, they multiply at the site of inoculation and form
colonies. The appearance of these colonies is often typical of these
species; this makes possible the isolation of single species of
bacteria from a mixture.
Blood agar
Chocolate agar
MacConkey Agar
Is selective for Gram negative organisms, and helps to differentiate
lactose fermenting gram negative rods from Non lactose fermenting gram
negative rods. It is primarily used for detection and isolation of members of
family enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas spp.