WALL PANEL SYSTEM

WALL AND SKYLIGHT

A wall panel is usually installed on
CONSTRUCTION WALL PANEL SYSTEMS exterior non-load bearing walls, and
are usually flat and rectangular in
shape.

Construction Methods dealing with They are the visible and exposed
General Aesthetics and Views covering for a wall, that either hang
(by support frames) or rest on the
structure.

WALL PANEL SYSTEM WALL PANEL SYSTEM FLAT TYPE WALL PANEL SYSTEM
FUNCTIONS OF A WALL PANEL SYSTEM
PARTS OF A WALL PANEL SYSTEM: • Decoration
1. Wall Panel • Insulation The flat type wall panel system creates
2. Eave Strut – secondary steel framing flute and seamless appearance on the
members used for support • Soundproofing surface of a structure.
3. Thermal Block – insulating material • Uniform appearance It uses a concealed fastener system (no
made of high-density rigid visible hardware) to achieve the clean
polyurethane foam • Durability
and smooth finish.
4. Girt – provides lateral support to the • Ease of replaceability
wall panel to resist wind loads
5. Blanket insulation – widely used
type of insulation; consists of flexible
fibers (fiberglass) 5
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FLAT TYPE WALL PANEL SYSTEM RIBBED WALL PANEL SYSTEM METAL CLADDING / METAL WALL PANEL SYSTEM
TWO KINDS OF FLAT TYPE WALL PANEL SYSTEM SINGLE SKIN
SHIPLAP WALL V-GROOVE WALL
Features of single skin metal wall panels include:
• gives clean visual lines • appears like wood or vinyl plank siding A ribbed metal panel has ribs with • Lightweight; easier & lower cost of installation
• able to run both vertically & horizontally • gives texture and depth at space sloping sides. It forms trapezoidal-
• 100% recyclable
shaped voids at the side lap. The way
• Have variety of “reveals” (gaps) • available in wide range of width • Can be installed in most environments
the panel’s profile is raised provides
much if its bending strength. The ribs on • Available in various shapes & profiles
these panels create strong bold lines that • Most popular metal wall panel option in
are aesthetically pleasing and offer a commercial building applications
unique approach to traditional metal • Capable of handling thermal expansion and
panels. contraction better than IMPs or MCMs.

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METAL CLADDING / METAL WALL PANEL SYSTEM METAL CLADDING / METAL WALL PANEL SYSTEM
METAL COMPOSITE MATERIAL PANELS (MCM) INSULATED METAL PANELS (IMP)

Metal composite material (MCM) Insulated metal panels may be the right choice for
certain building applications because:
panels are formed by joining two
sheets of painted or natural metal
sheets (typically aluminum but can
• they require less maintenance than some other
exterior wall cladding or siding. WINDOWS: GENERAL
also utilize other materials like steel, • they are less expensive to install because of the
zinc, copper, stainless steel, or lightweight nature of the panels, need fewer
fasteners, and provide greater wall coverage.
titanium) and bonding them to a
polyethylene center. • IMPs are typically factory assembled, not roll-
formed on-site, and relatively inexpensive to ship to
job sites.

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WINDOW SIZES WINDOW SIZES WINDOW ARRANGEMENT

If daylight is considered essential for For workrooms which are 3.5m or higher, the light
the use to which a room will be put, transmission surface of the window must be at least
then windows are an unavoidable 30% of the outside wall surface.
necessity.
For workrooms of general size, the following rules
Every work area needs a window shall be applied:
leading to the outside world. The
window area which transmits light • Minimum glass surface height: 1.3m
must be at least 1/20 of the surface • Window height from FFL: ≥0.90m
of the floor in the workspace.
• Total height of windows must be 50% of the
The total width of all windows must width of the workroom
amount to at least 1/10 of the total
width of all the walls.
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WINDOW ARRANGEMENT WINDOW ARRANGEMENT

CURTAIN WALLS & WINDOW WALLS

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CURTAIN WALLS KINDS OF CURTAIN WALLS KINDS OF CURTAIN WALLS
UNIT SYSTEM UNIT SYSTEM

A curtain wall is a glazed wall system The unit system is a curtain wall
hung off a concrete slab using anchors.
Curtain walls are self-supporting and give system consisting of preassembled
a building’s exterior the look of top to framed wall units which may be
bottom glass.
preglazed or glazed after
Most often used on commercial buildings, installation.
curtain walls are typically installed from
the outside of a building using cranes or
rigs. Curtain wall installation is a complex
process and can be more expensive than
other systems.

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KINDS OF CURTAIN WALLS KINDS OF CURTAIN WALLS KINDS OF CURTAIN WALLS

STICK SYSTEM COLUMN-COVER-AND-SPANDREL SYSTEM UNIT-AND-MULLION SYSTEM

The stick system is a curtain wall system in The column-cover-and-spandrel system is The unit-and-mullion system is a curtain
which tubular metal mullions and rails are a curtain wall system in which vision glass wall system in which one- or two-storey-
assembled piece by piece on-site to frame assemblies and spandrel units are high mullions are installed before
vision glass and spandrel glass supported by spandrel beams between preassembled wall units are lowered into
• Spandrel glass – an opaque glass for exterior columns clad with cover sections. place behind the mullions. The framed wall
concealing the structural elements in curtain units may be preglazed or glazed after
wall construction, produced by fusing a the installation.
ceramic frit to the interior surface of
tempered or heat-strengthened glass.
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WINDOW WALLS WINDOW WALLS VS. CURTAIN WALLS WINDOW WALLS VS. CURTAIN WALLS
The Difference Between the Two The Difference Between the Two

Window walls sit between floor slabs and are anchored at the sill It’s easy to see why these two terms get Both systems are built to be an all-in-one cladding system
and the head. They’re installed on the interior of the building and confused. However, there’s a significant that acts as the building’s envelope barrier. They also
extend to the outside of the building. They span floor to floor, are difference in their application:
typically not more than 12 feet and are non-load bearing. both provide some insulation and can transfer their load
Window walls are built one floor at a to the building structure.
Window walls are pre-fabricated and come ready to install. There’s
time and are supported by the slabs above However, curtain walls are more expensive than window
no need to fire-stop because window walls sit between floor slabs.
and below them. In other words, window
In addition, noise transmittance isn’t a huge concern. Window walls
walls are built within the slab edge.
walls and tend to be more dangerous and difficult to
can be a cost-effective and stylish option for getting the ground-to- install. In addition, curtain walls aren’t typically operable,
roof window appearance without a hefty price tag or operational Curtain walls are structurally independent
concerns. whereas window walls can be. There’s also the issue of
and don’t require support on every floor. fire-stopping and noise pollution. With window walls, you
If a continuous exterior facade look is desired, a slab bypass cover They tend to span multiple stories and are don’t have to worry about either issue.
can be provided to provide a seamless transition between floors. built outside the slab edge.
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UNITIZED SYSTEM UNITIZED SYSTEM
Advantages & Disadvantages
Unitized curtain systems are Advantages Disadvantages and Considerations
composed of large glass units that are • Efficiency: Unitized systems are known for their • Cost: The initial investment in unitized systems
created and glazed within a factory rapid installation process. can be higher due to factory fabrication and
and then sent to the construction site. transportation costs.
• Quality Control: Factory-controlled fabrication
Once on site, the units can then be and testing ensure consistent quality and • Transportation Challenges: Shipping and
hoisted onto anchors connected to the performance. This reduces the likelihood of errors handling of large curtain wall units require
building. UNITIZED SYSTEM that might occur with on-site assembly. careful logistics planning and may pose
challenges in congested urban areas.
High quality, due to tight tolerances of SECTION OF MECHANISM • Weather Independence: The controlled
environment of fabrication minimizes the impact of • Repair and Replacement: In the event of unit
fabrication in a climate-controlled weather conditions on the assembly process. damage, repairs or replacements can be more
environment, is only one hallmark of • Safety: Unitized systems often require less on-site
complex.
this type of system. Since there is no labor. • Design Limitations: Certain complex designs
on-site glazing, another major benefit might still be more suitable for stick-built systems.
of using a unitized system is the speed • Aesthetics: The design flexibility of unitized
systems allows for creative and visually appealing • Site Readiness: Successful installation relies on
of installation. facades. accurate site measurements and a well-prepared
structure.
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RAINSCREEN WALL SYSTEM

A rainscreen is an exterior cladding WALL AND

infrastructure that sits away from a
building’s exterior wall’s water-resistant SKYLIGHT
barrier, creating an air cavity directly
behind the cladding which is vented at both RAINSCREEN SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION:
the top and bottom of the wall so it may
help to protect the buildings important
envelope.
SECTION OF MECHANISM END OF MODULE 04 Construction Methods dealing
with General Aesthetics and
Views

Top: Air circulating scheme

Right: Cladding principle
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