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110 views3 pages

2000 Shortlists

Uploaded by

Aarav Arora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AoPS Community 2000 JBMO ShortLists

JBMO ShortLists 2000


www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3730
by WakeUp

1 Prove that there are at least 666 positive composite numbers with 2006 digits, having a digit
equal to 7 and all the rest equal to 1.

2 Find all the positive perfect cubes that are not divisible by 10 such that the number obtained
by erasing the last three digits is also a perfect cube.

3 Find the greatest positive integer x such that 236+x divides 2000!

4 Find all the integers written as abcd in decimal representation and dcba in base 7.

5 Find all pairs of integers (m, n) such that the numbers A = n2 + 2mn + 3m2 + 2, B = 2n2 +
3mn + m2 + 2, C = 3n2 + mn + 2m2 + 1 have a common divisor greater than 1.

6 Find all four-digit numbers such that when decomposed into prime factors, each number has
the sum of its prime factors equal to the sum of the exponents.

7 Find all the pairs of positive integers (m, n) such that the numbers A = n2 + 2mn + 3m2 + 3n,
B = 2n2 + 3mn + m2 , C = 3n2 + mn + 2m2 are consecutive in some order.

8 Find all positive integers a, b for which a4 + 4b4 is a prime number.

9 Find all the triples (x, y, z) of positive integers such that xy + yz + zx − xyz = 2.

10 Prove that there are no integers x, y, z such that

x4 + y 4 + z 4 − 2x2 y 2 − 2y 2 z 2 − 2z 2 x2 = 2000

11 Prove that for any integer n one can find integers a and b such that
h √ i h √ i
n= a 2 + b 3

12 Consider a sequence of positive integers xn such that:

(A) x2n+1 = 4xn + 2n + 2

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 1


AoPS Community 2000 JBMO ShortLists

(B) x3n+2 = 3xn+1 + 6xn


for all n ≥ 0.
Prove that
(C) x3n−1 = xn+2 − 2xn+1 + 10xn
for all n ≥ 0.

13 Prove that q
(1k + 2k )(1k + 2k + 3k ) . . . (1k + 2k + . . . + nk )

2k−1 + 2 · 3k−1 + . . . + (n − 1) · nk−1


≥ 1k + 2k + . . . + nk −
n
for all integers n, k ≥ 2.

14 Let m and n be positive integers with m ≤ 2000 and k = 3 − m


n . Find the smallest positive value
of k.
2x−y
15 Let x, y, a, b be positive real numbers such that x 6= y, x 6= 2y, y 6= 2x, a 6= 3b and 2y−x = a−3b .
a+3b

x2 +y 2
Prove that x2 −y 2
≥ 1.

16 Find all the triples (x, y, z) of real numbers such that


p √ √
2x y − 1 + 2y z − 1 + 2z x − 1 ≥ xy + yz + zx

17 A triangle ABC is given. Find all the pairs of points X, Y so that X is on the sides of the triangle,
Y is inside the triangle, and four non-intersecting segments from the set {XY, AX, AY, BX, BY, CX, CY }
divide the triangle ABC into four triangles with equal areas.

18 A triangle ABC is given. Find all the segments XY that lie inside the triangle such that XY
and five of the segments XA, XB, XC, Y A, Y B, Y C divide the triangle ABC into 5 regions
with equal areas. Furthermore, prove that all the segments XY have a common point.

19 Let ABC be a triangle. Find all the triangles XY Z with vertices inside triangle ABC such that
XY, Y Z, ZX and six non-intersecting segments from the following AX, AY, AZ, BX, BY, BZ, CX, CY, CZ
divide the triangle ABC into seven regions with equal areas.

20 Let ABC be a triangle and let a, b, c be the lengths of the sides BC,
√ CA, AB respectively. Con-
√ √
sider a triangle DEF with the side lengths EF = au, F D = bu, DE = cu. Prove that
∠A > ∠B > ∠C implies ∠A > ∠D > ∠E > ∠F > ∠C.

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 2


AoPS Community 2000 JBMO ShortLists

21 All the angles of the hexagon ABCDEF are equal. Prove that

AB − DE = EF − BC = CD − F A

22 Consider a quadrilateral with ∠DAB = 60◦ , ∠ABC = 90◦ and ∠BCD = 120◦ . The diagonals
AC and BD intersect at M . If M B = 1 and M D = 2, find the area of the quadrilateral ABCD.

23 The point P is inside of an equilateral triangle with side length 10 so that the distance from P
to two of the sides are 1 and 3. Find the distance from P to the third side.

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 3


Art of Problem Solving is an ACS WASC Accredited School.

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