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Statistical Mechanics Prishat

Python code for stastical physics for undergraduate syllabus

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Dibbendu Chowdhury
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15 views12 pages

Statistical Mechanics Prishat

Python code for stastical physics for undergraduate syllabus

Uploaded by

Dibbendu Chowdhury
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

#Plots mean occupation numbers of MB, BE, FD distribution

Input:

import numpy as np

from scipy.constants import h, k, e

import scipy.constants as spc

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

print(h,k,e)

bke = k/e

print(bke)

xef = np.linspace(-4,4,201)

shift = 1e-6

xeb = np.linspace(0 + shift, 4 + shift,101)

def fdist (energy, temperature, signature = 0, chempot = 0) :

x = (energy - chempot)/temperature/bke

d = np.exp(x) + signature

return 1/d

def fdist_scaled(x, signature = 0):

d = np.exp(x) + signature

return 1/d

temp = 300

plt.plot(xef,fdist_scaled(xef), label= "MB")

plt.plot(xeb,fdist_scaled(xeb,-1), label= "BE")

plt.plot(xef,fdist_scaled(xef,1), label= "FD")

plt.legend()

plt.ylim(0,3)
plt.xlim(-4,4)

plt.xlabel(r"$(E - \mu)/kT$",fontsize = 14)

plt.ylabel(r"$\langle n_E \rangle$",fontsize = 14)

plt.title (r"Compasrison of mean occupation numbers at $\mu = 0$")

plt.show()

Output:

(6.62607015e-34, 1.380649e-23, 1.602176634e-19)

8.617333262145179e-05
2. #Fermi Dirac distribition at different temperatures

Input:

import numpy as np

from scipy.constants import h, k,e

import scipy.constants as spc

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

bke = k/e

engf = np.linspace(-0.5,0.5 ,201)

T = np.array([100,400,800])

print (T/bke)

def fdist (energy, temperature, signature = 0, chempot = 0) :

x = (energy - chempot)/temperature/bke

d = np.exp(x) + signature

return 1/d

for l in T :

plt.plot(engf,fdist (engf,l,1),label=r"$T={l}$".format(l=l))

plt.xlabel(r"$E$ (eV)",fontsize = 14)

plt.ylabel(r"$\langle n_E \rangle$",fontsize = 14)

plt.title (r"Fermi Dirac Distribition, $\mu = 0$")

plt.legend(loc='best')

plt.show()
Output:
3. #Maxwell Boltzmann distribution at different temperatures

Input:

import numpy as np

from scipy.constants import h, k,e

import scipy.constants as spc

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

bke = k/e

engf = np.linspace(-0.5,0.5 ,201)

T = np.array([100,400,800])

print (T/bke)

def fdist (energy, temperature, signature = 0, chempot = 0) :

x = (energy - chempot)/temperature/bke

d = np.exp(x) + signature

return 1/d

for l in T :

plt.plot(engf,fdist (engf,l,0),label=r"$T={l}$".format(l=l))

plt.xlabel(r"$E$ (eV)",fontsize = 14)

plt.ylabel(r"$\langle n_E \rangle$",fontsize = 14)

plt.title (r"Maxwell Boltzmann Distribition, $\mu = 0$")

plt.ylim(0,1.5)

plt.xlim(-.01,0.3)

plt.legend(loc='best')

plt.show()
Output:
4. #Bose Eintein distribution

Input:

import numpy as np

from scipy.constants import h, k,e

import scipy.constants as spc

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

bke = k/e

shift = 1e-6

eng = np.linspace(0 + shift,0.5 + shift,201)

T = np.array([100,400,800])

def fdist (energy, temperature, signature = 0, chempot = 0) :

x = (energy - chempot)/temperature/bke

d = np.exp(x) + signature

return 1/d

for l in T :

plt.plot(eng,fdist (eng,l,-1),label=r"$T={l}$".format(l=l))

plt.xlabel(r"$E$ (eV)",fontsize = 14)

plt.ylabel(r"$\langle n_E \rangle$",fontsize = 14)

plt.title (r"Bose Eintein distribution, $\mu = 0$")

plt.ylim(0,1.5)

plt.xlim(-.01,0.3)

plt.legend(loc='best')

plt.show()
Output:
5. #Specific heat (Debye model)

Input:

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from scipy.integrate import quad

def debyescalar (T, dT) :

xd = dT/T

bose = lambda x : 1/(np.exp(x) - 1)

xil = bose(xd)

dkernel = lambda xi : (np.log(1 + 1/xi))**4

res, er = quad(dkernel,xil, np.inf, epsrel = 1e-7)

pre = 3/xd**3

return pre*res

debye = np.vectorize(debyescalar)

debyetemp = [428,105,2230]

debyemat= ["Al","Pb","C"]

conv = (np.pi/6)**(1/3)

print (conv)

#eintemp = conv*debyetemp

temp = np.linspace(5,1000, num = 100, dtype=float)

for t in debyetemp :

i = debyetemp.index(t)

el = debyemat[i]

plt.plot(temp,debye(temp,t),\

label=r"{0}, $\theta_D$ = {1} K".format(el,t))

plt.axhline(y = 1.01, ls='--', color='b', label="Dulong-Petit")

plt.ylabel(r"$C_v/(3Nk_B)$",fontsize=14)
plt.xlabel(r"$T$ (K)",fontsize = 14)

plt.title(r"$C_v$ (Debye Model)", fontsize = 16)

plt.legend()

plt.show()

Output:
6. #Two level system (Energy)

Input:

import numpy as np

from scipy.misc import derivative

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

N = 1000 # number of particles

def sppf (w) :

return 2*np.cosh(1/w)

def pf(w) :

return sppf(w)**N

def lsppf (w) :

return np.log(sppf(w))

def U (w):

# calculates U/N\epsilon

uw = w*w * derivative(lsppf, w, dx = .001, n = 1)

return uw

x = np.linspace(0.1, 6, num = 100, dtype=float) #scaled temperature

nd = (10, 100, 1000)

# Internal Energy/N\epsilon

plt.plot(x, U (x))

plt.axhline(y = 0, ls = "--")

plt.xlabel(r"$kT/\epsilon$", fontsize = 14)

plt.ylabel(r"$U/(N\epsilon)$",fontsize = 14)
plt.title("Energy of two level system")

plt.show()

Output:

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