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Slider Crank Mechanism

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158 views6 pages

Slider Crank Mechanism

Uploaded by

gojasvi2
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Slider Crank Mechanism

Motion Analysis of a Typical Four-Bar


Mechanism

Introduction:
A crank-slider mechanism is a fundamental mechanical system used to convert rotary motion
into reciprocating linear motion. It consists of three main components: a crank, a connecting
rod, and a slider. The crank rotates about a fixed axis, transmitting motion to the connecting
rod, which in turn drives the slider along a straight path. This mechanism is widely employed
in engines, pumps, and various industrial machines where controlled linear motion is crucial.

Example:
Let's illustrate the motion analysis of a crank-slider mechanism with the following setup:
- A crank (C) rotates with a constant angular velocity (\(\omega\)).
- A connecting rod (R) connects the crank to a slider (S).
- The slider moves horizontally along a linear path.

Steps for Motion Analysis:

1. Geometric and Kinematic Setup:


- Define the geometric parameters such as the lengths of the crank (r) and the connecting
rod (L).

2. Position Analysis:
- Describe the position of the slider (S) in terms of the crank angle and geometric
dimensions:
\[
x_S = r \cos(\theta) + \sqrt{L^2 - r^2 \sin^2(\theta)}
\]
where \( x_S \) is the horizontal position of the slider.

3. Velocity Analysis:
- Derive the velocity of the slider by differentiating the position equation with respect to
time:
\[
v_S = -r \omega \sin(\theta)
\]
This equation provides the instantaneous velocity of the slider along its path.

4. Acceleration Analysis:
- Calculate the acceleration of the slider, considering both tangential and centripetal
components:
\[
a_S = -r \omega^2 \cos(\theta)
\]
Here, \( a_S \) represents the acceleration of the slider along the horizontal direction.

5. Dynamic Considerations (Optional):


- Explore the forces and torques acting on each component (crank, connecting rod, slider) to
understand power transmission and mechanical stresses within the mechanism.
Objective

A four-bar mechanism is a type of mechanical linkage used to transfer motion and force
through a series of interconnected rigid bars and joints. The four-bar linkage consists of four
rigid links connected by four pivot joints, forming a closed loop. It is a fundamental component
in various mechanical systems, where it converts rotational motion into a different kind of
motion, such as linear or oscillatory.

Data

Crank Slider Crank Slider


Angle Displacement Angle Displacement
(Degrees (Inches) (Degrees) (Inches)
)
0 0 190 3.46875
10 0.06 200 3.4375
20 0.15625 210 3.40625
30 0.34375 220 3.25
40 0.5625 230 3.125
50 0.84375 240 2.90625
60 1.09375 250 2.59375
70 1.40625 260 2.3125
80 1.71875 270 1.96875
90 2.0625 280 1.75
100 2.375 290 1.4375
110 2.5625 300 1.0625
120 2.875 310 0.75
130 3.03125 320 0.46875
140 3.21875 330 0.21875
150 3.3125 340 0.09375
160 3.4375 350 0.03125
170 3.46875 360 0
180 3.5

CAD I'll compile the detailed assignment into a PDF document, covering all required sections:
Introduction, CAD Modelling, Numerical Consideration, Analytical Consideration, Results, Conclusions
and Discussion, and References.
Bicycle Suspension System
The bicycle suspension system uses a four-bar linkage to absorb shocks and provide a smooth ride.
The system allows for controlled movement and stability of the bicycle frame during uneven terrain
navigation.

Bicycle Suspension :-

Windshield Wiper Mechanism :


The windshield wiper mechanism employs a four-bar linkage to move the wipers back and forth across
the windshield. This mechanism ensures a consistent and efficient wiping action to clear the windshield.

CAD Modelling

Development of the 3D Model

A detailed 3D model of the four-bar linkage mechanism was created using CAD software. The model
accurately represents the dimensions and configuration of the mechanism, as shown in Figure 1.

Technical drawings of the model are


Crank Angle vs. Slider Displacement
4

3.5

2.5
Slider Displacement

1.5

0.5

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400


Crank Angle (Degrees)
Link Lengths (Inches) vs. Stroke (Inches)
Crank Coupler Stroke
1 1.625” 4.625” 3.25”
2 1.5” 4.6875” 3”
By observation of the data collected in relation to the link lengths and strokes, one may
deduce that the stroke observed in this slider crank mechanism is twice the length of the
crank.
One may deduce the length of the crank & coupler, if given the length of the slider stroke and
the total length of the crank & couple via simple algebraic manipulation as shown below using

𝑆𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒 = 2 × 𝐶𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑘


our knowledge of slider crank mechanism characteristics as shown below:

𝑆𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒
𝐶𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑘 =
2
[𝐶𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑘 + 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑟] − 𝐶𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑘 = 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑟
𝑆𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒
[𝐶𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑘 + 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑟] − = 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑟
2
The resulting graph from the experiment resembles a sinusoidal function and may be
represented as the function y= 1-cos(x), with slight variations with given parameters, when
needed.
The slider will experience maximum linear velocity at the same time where the slope is
greatest in the [Slider Displacement v. Crank Angle] graph & where the slope the least and
negative in the [Slider Acceleration v. Crank Angle]. The slider will also experience maximum
acceleration in the instant of time where the slope of the [Slider Velocity v. Crank Angle] is
greatest. This conclusion is plausible due to the relationship between displacement, velocity,
& acceleration.

Conclusion
In this laboratory experiment, we learned to utilize various pivots to construct a slider crank
mechanism. In addition, we studied the characteristics of a slider crank mechanism, such as
the proportional relationship between the crank and slider stroke. By observation of collected
data in the displacement of the slider crank with respect to the crank angle, we were able to
deduce points of maximum acceleration and velocity as well as their resembling sinusoidal
waveform with respect to their corresponding graphical representations.

References
List all the sources you referenced in your report.
Uicker, J., Pennock, G., & Shigley, J. (2003). Theory of machines and mechanisms. Oxford
University Press.

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