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Unit-1 EVS .Biogeochemical Cycle Notes

Evs biogeochemical cycle notes

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67 views2 pages

Unit-1 EVS .Biogeochemical Cycle Notes

Evs biogeochemical cycle notes

Uploaded by

sheikhmdashif78
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Question (2).

Write notes on biogeochemical cycle

Answer - synopsis

1.Introduction

2.definition

3.types of biogeochemical cycle

4.Hydrological cycle

5.nitrogen cycle

6.Carbon cycle

7.oxygen cycle

1. Introduction:- • “Biogeochemical cycles mainly refer to the movement of nutrients and


other elements between biotic and abiotic factors.”

2.definition - The term biogeochemical is derived from “bio” meaning biosphere, “geo”
meaning the geological components and “chemical” meaning the elements that move
through a cycle.

3.types of biogeochemical cycle

(A) Hydrological cycle

(B) Gaseous cycles – Includes Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and hydrogen/Water cycle.

(C).Sedimentary cycles – Includes Sulphur, Phosphorus, Rock cycle, etc.

4.Hydrological (water) Cycle

Water is an important essential matter for the living organisms and their biological
functions. Water covers about 71% of the earth’s surface occuring in lakes, rivers, seas,
oceans etc. Water keeps on evaporating, from these water bodies, in the atmosphere.

5.NITROGEN CYCLE:-

• Nitrogen is an essential element of life. • The nitrogen in the atmosphere is fixed by


the nitrogen-fixing bacteria present in the root nodules of the leguminous plants and made
available to the soil and plants. • The bacteria present in the roots of the
plants convert this nitrogen gas into a usable compound called ammonia. Ammonia is also
supplied to plants in the form of fertilizers.
• This ammonia is converted into nitrites and nitrates. The denitrifying bacteria reduce the
nitrates into nitrogen and return it into the atmosphere.

6.CARBON CYCLE:- • All green plants use carbon dioxide and sunlight for photosynthesis.
Carbon is thus stored in the plant. The green plants, when dead, are buried into the soil
that gets converted into fossil fuels made from carbon. These fossil fuels when burnt,
release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

• Also, the animals that consume plants, obtain the carbon stored in the plants. This
carbon is returned to the atmosphere when these animals decompose after death. The
carbon also returns to the environment through cellular respiration by animals.

7.OXYGEN CYCLE :- • This biogeochemical cycle moves through the atmosphere, the
lithosphere and the biosphere.

• Oxygen is an abundant element on our Earth.

• It is found in the elemental form in the atmosphere to the extent of 21%. •


Oxygen is released by the plants during photosynthesis. •
Humans and other animals inhale the oxygen exhale carbon dioxide which is again taken
up by the plants.

• They utilise this carbon dioxide in photosynthesis to produce oxygen, and the cycle
continues.

8.PHOSPHOROUS CYCLE

• Phosphorus is extracted by the weathering of rocks.

• Due to rains and erosion phosphorus is washed away in the soil and water bodies.

10. SULPHUR CYCLE:-

This biogeochemical cycle moves through the rocks, water bodies and living systems.

Sulphur is released into the atmosphere by the weathering of rocks and is converted into
sulphates.

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