1.1 Solids, liquids and gases - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.

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Paper 1
Questions are applicable for both core and extended candidates

1 Which statement about a solid, a liquid or a gas is correct?

A A solid has a fixed shape and can be compressed.

B A liquid takes the shape of the container it is in and can be compressed.
C A solid has no fixed shape and cannot be compressed.
D A gas takes the shape of the container it is in and can be compressed.

2 The arrangements of particles in solids, liquids and gases are different.

Which statement about the molecules in ice, water or steam is correct?

A The H2O molecules are on average closest together in steam.

B The H2O molecules are on average furthest apart in water.
C The H2O molecules in steam have the second highest average velocity.
D The H2O molecules in ice are able to vibrate.

3 Which statement about liquids and gases is correct?

A 1 cm3 of gas contains more particles than 1 cm3 of liquid.

B A given mass of liquid has a fixed volume at room temperature.

C Particles in a liquid can easily be forced closer together.

D Particles in a liquid have fixed positions.

1.1 Solids, liquids and gases - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

4 The three rectangles show the arrangements of the particles in each of the three states of matter.

X, Y and Z represent the processes needed to change from one state to another.

Y
X

What are the processes X, Y and Z?

X Y Z

A melting condensing evaporating

B evaporating melting freezing
C melting freezing condensing
D freezing evaporating condensing

5 Diagrams of the three states of matter for carbon dioxide are shown.

1 2 3

Which two diagrams show the states of matter before and after the sublimation of
carbon dioxide?

A 2 to 1 B 2 to 3 C 3 to 1 D 3 to 2

6 Which row describes the spacing and arrangement of particles in a solid, a liquid and a gas?

solid liquid gas

A close together and close together and far apart and
randomly arranged regularly arranged randomly arranged
B close together and far apart and close together and
randomly arranged randomly arranged randomly arranged
C close together and close together and far apart and
regularly arranged randomly arranged randomly arranged
D close together and close together and close together and
regularly arranged regularly arranged randomly arranged
1.1 Solids, liquids and gases - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

7 The melting points and boiling points of three elements, at 1 atm pressure, are shown.

melting point boiling point

/ C / C

argon –189 –186

nitrogen –210 –196
oxygen –218 –183

Separate samples of argon, nitrogen and oxygen are stored at –200 C and at 1 atm pressure.

How many samples are liquids?

A 0 B 1 C 2 D 3
1.1 Solids, liquids and gases - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Paper 2
Questions are applicable for both core and extended candidates
unless indicated in the question

8 Solid X is heated for 600 seconds.

The graph shows the heating curve that is obtained. (extended only)

300

200

temperature / °C

100

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
time / s

What is the melting point of X? (extended only)

A 20 °C B 170 °C C 240 °C D 270 °C

9 Substance M is a solid at 30 C. (extended only)

The substance is heated to 80 C and its temperature measured as it cools down to room
temperature.

The cooling curve is shown.

80 P
temperature / qC
60
R
40 Q
20 S T
0
0
time

Between which times is substance M freezing? (extended only)

A P to Q B Q to R C R to S D S to T
1.1 Solids, liquids and gases - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

10 A gas is placed in a sealed container. The gas has a pressure of one atmosphere and a
temperature of 50 C.

It is heated to 100 C.

Which row describes the cause of the pressure of the gas and the effect of increasing the
temperature of the gas? (extended only)

the effect of increased

cause of gas pressure
temperature of the gas
A collisions between collisions become
gas particles less frequent
B collisions between the average speed of
gas particles the gas particles increases
C collisions between gas collisions become
particles and the container less frequent
D collisions between gas the average speed of
particles and the container the gas particles increases

11 A gaseous substance is slowly cooled and the temperature recorded every second.

The results are shown on the graph. (extended only)

temperature
A
/ °C
B

C
D

time / s

At which point is the substance a solid? (extended only)

1.1 Solids, liquids and gases - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

12 The diagram shows the changes of state between a solid, a liquid and a gas.

gas. 1 2
solid liquid gas
3 4

In which changes of state is energy being given out?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4