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Water

es para la agua asi que puedes saber

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22 views2 pages

Water

es para la agua asi que puedes saber

Uploaded by

fdbp42kfs6
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Water is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H2O.

It is a transparent,
tasteless, odorless,[c] and nearly colorlesschemical substance. It is the main
constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known living organisms (in
which it acts as a solvent[20]). It is vital for all known forms of life, despite not
providing food energy or organic micronutrients. Its chemical formula, H2O, indicates
that each of its moleculescontains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms, connected
by covalent bonds. The hydrogen atoms are attached to the oxygen atom at an
angle of 104.45°.[21] In liquid form, H2O is also called "water" at standard temperature
and pressure.

Because Earth's environment is relatively close to water's triple point, water exists on
Earth as a solid, a liquid, and a gas.[22] It forms precipitation in the form
of rain and aerosols in the form of fog. Clouds consist of suspended droplets of water
and ice, its solid state. When finely divided, crystalline ice may precipitate in the form
of snow. The gaseous state of water is steam or water vapor.

Water covers about 71% of the Earth's surface, with seas and oceans making up
most of the water volume (about 96.5%).[23]Small portions of water occur
as groundwater (1.7%), in the glaciers and the ice
caps of Antarctica and Greenland (1.7%), and in the air as vapor, clouds (consisting
of ice and liquid water suspended in air), and precipitation (0.001%).[24][25] Water
moves continually through the water
cycle of evaporation, transpiration (evapotranspiration), condensation, precipitation,
and runoff, usually reaching the sea.

Water plays an important role in the world economy. Approximately 70% of the fresh
water used by humans goes to agriculture.[26] Fishing in salt and fresh water bodies
has been, and continues to be, a major source of food for many parts of the world,
providing 6.5% of global protein.[27] Much of the long-distance trade of commodities
(such as oil, natural gas, and manufactured products) is transported by
boats through seas, rivers, lakes, and canals. Large quantities of water, ice, and
steam are used for cooling and heating in industry and homes. Water is an excellent
solvent for a wide variety of substances, both mineral and organic; as such, it is
widely used in industrial processes and in cooking and washing. Water, ice, and
snow are also central to many sports and other forms of entertainment, such
as swimming, pleasure boating, boat racing, surfing, sport fishing, diving, ice
skating, snowboarding, and skiing.

Etymology
The word water comes from Old English wæter, from Proto-
Germanic *watar (source also of Old Saxon watar, Old Frisianwetir, Dutch water, Old
High German wazzar, German Wasser, vatn, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉 (wato)), from Proto-Indo-
European *wod-or, suffixed form of root *wed- ('water'; 'wet').[28] Also cognate,
through the Indo-European root, with Greek ύδωρ (ýdor; from Ancient
Greek ὕδωρ (hýdōr), whence English 'hydro-'), Russianвода́ (vodá), Irish uisce,
and Albanian ujë.

History
Main articles: Origin of water on Earth § History of water on Earth, and Properties of
water § History
On Earth
This section is an excerpt from Origin of water on Earth § History of water on Earth.
[edit]
One factor in estimating when water appeared on Earth is that water is continually
being lost to space. H2O molecules in the atmosphere are broken up by photolysis,
and the resulting free hydrogen atoms can sometimes escape Earth's gravitational
pull. When the Earth was younger and less massive, water would have been lost to
space more easily. Lighter elements like hydrogen and helium are expected to leak
from the atmosphere continually, but isotopic ratios of heavier noble gases in the
modern atmosphere suggest that even the heavier elements in the early atmosphere
were subject to significant losses.[29] In particular, xenon is useful for calculations of
water loss over time. Not only is it a noble gas (and therefore is not removed from
the atmosphere through chemical reactions with other elements), but comparisons
between the abundances of its nine stable isotopes in the modern atmosphere
reveal that the Earth lost at least one ocean of water early in its history, between
the Hadean and Archean eons.[30][clarification needed]

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