Mil PRF 48656B
Mil PRF 48656B
com
INCH-POUND
MIL-PRF-48656B(AR)
20 December 1999
SUPERSEDING
MIL-C-48656A(AR)
20 March 1989
PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION
CARTRIDGES, SHOTSHELL
This specification is approved for use by the U.S. Army Armament Research, Development and
Engineering Center, and is available for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of
Defense.
1. SCOPE
1.1 Scope. This specification covers shotshell cartridges for use in military shotgun weapons (see
6.1).
Type I – Combat / Riot or Military Police Applications (12 Gauge No. 00 Buckshot)
Type II - Training and Marksmanship Applications (12 Gauge No. 9 Shot & No. 7 ½ Shot)
2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS
2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are referenced in sections 3 and 4 of this
specification. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this specification or
documents that are recommended for additional information or examples. While every effort has been
made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned they must meet all
requirements as cited in sections 3 and 4 of this specification, whether or not they are listed.
2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks. The following specifications, standards and
handbooks form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the
issues are those listed in the issue of the Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards
(DODISS) and supplement thereto, cited in the solicitation (see 6.2).
Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data which may be of use in
improving this document, should be addressed to: Commander, U.S. Army TACOM-ARDEC, ATTN: AMSTA-
AR-QAD, Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey 07806-5000 by using the Standardization Document Improvement
Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of this document or by letter.
MIL-PRF-48656B(AR)
STANDARDS
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
(Unless otherwise indicated, copies of the above specifications, standards, and handbooks are available
from the Standardization Documents Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Bldg. 4D, Philadelphia, PA
19111-5094.)
2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this document to the
extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of the documents which are DOD adopted
are those listed in the issue of the DODISS cited in the solicitation. Unless otherwise specified, the issues
of documents not listed in the DODISS are the issues of the documents cited in the solicitation (see 6.2).
(Copies of SAAMI manuals are available from Secretary, Sporting Arms & Ammunition Manufacturer’s
Institute, PO Box 838, Branford, CT 06405.)
(Copies of ANSI Standards are available from American National Standards Institute,
11 West 42nd Street, 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036)
(Copies of UN ST/SG/AC.10/11 are available from United Nations Publications, New York, NY 10017)
2.4 Order of precedence. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and the
references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however,
supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.
3. REQUIREMENTS
3.1 First article. When specified in the contract (see 6.2), a sample shall be subjected to first
article inspection in accordance with 4.2.
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3.2.1 Primed case sensitivity. The energy imparted by a steel ball weighing 1.94 ± 0.02 ounces
falling 12 inches onto a simulated firing pin shall cause initiation of the primer. The energy imparted by a
steel ball weighing 1.94 ± 0.02 ounces falling 2 inches onto a simulated firing pin (the simulated firing
pin shall have a nominal weight of 70 grains and a spherical end radius of 0.0500 ± 0.0025 inches) shall
not cause initiation of the primer.
3.2.2 Velocity. At a point 3.0 ± 0.5 feet from the muzzle of a 30.0 ± 0.1 inch test barrel, the
mean velocity and the standard deviation from the mean velocity shall be as shown in Table I.
3.2.3 Chamber pressure. The maximum average chamber pressure shall not exceed 12,500 LUP
(lead units of pressure) or 13,000 PSI (pounds per square inch). The maximum individual pressure shall
not exceed 14,500 LUP or 15,000 PSI. The cartridges shall be tested at ambient, hot and cold
temperatures.
3.2.4 Function and casualty. The cartridge shall function without casualty in both manual and
semiautomatic shotguns.
3.2.5 Pattern. The pattern shall be as follows for the appropriate shot:
No. 00 Buckshot – The average percentage of pellets inside or touching a 30 inch circle at a range
of 40 yards shall be no less than 65 percent when fired through a test barrel 29.0 ± 2.5 inches long with a
full choke.
Number 9 Shot – The average percentage of pellets inside or touching a 30 inch circle at a range
of 25 yards shall be no less than 50 percent when fired through a test barrel 26.0 ± 0.5 inches long with a
skeet choke.
Number 7 ½ Shot – The average percentage of pellets inside or touching a 30 inch circle at a
range of 40 yards shall be no less than 70 percent when fired through a test barrel 28.0 ± 2.5 inches long
with a full choke.
3.2.6 Shot Type. The cartridges shall have the following shot:
No. 00 Buckshot – The cartridge shall contain 9 pellets of lead-free commercial shot size No. 00
Buck in accordance with SAAMI Technical Committee Manual Vol. IV Shotshell for No. 00 Buckshot
rounds.
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No. 7 ½ Shot – The cartridge shall contain 1 1/8 ounces + 3 percent – 5 percent of lead-free
commercial shot size number 7 ½ in accordance with SAAMI Technical Committee Manual Vol. IV
Shotshell for No. 7 ½ Shot rounds.
No. 9 Shot – The cartridge shall contain 1 1/8 ounces + 3 percent – 5 percent of lead-free
commercial shot size number 9 in accordance with SAAMI Technical Committee Manual Vol. IV
Shotshell for No. 9 Shot rounds.
3.3.1 Cartridge visual and physical parameters. The cartridge dimensions shall be as cited in
ANSI/SAAMI Z299.2 for a 12 gauge cartridge with a 2-3/4 inch chamber. In addition, cartridges shall be
free from dents, scratches and other imperfections.
3.4.1 Ammunition lot numbering. Each lot of ammunition shall be identified by type and lot
number. Lot numbering/identification shall be in accordance with MIL-STD-1168.
3.4.2 Cartridge identification. The side of each cartridge case shall be marked to identify it as a
No. 00 Buckshot, No. 7 ½ shot or No. 9 shot round.
3.4.3 Final hazard classification. The cartridge shall comply with the following
Hazard Classification when packaged in commercial packaging or in accordance with packaging
requirements in the contract.
3.4.4 Propellant stability. All propellants shall be stable over a minimum time period of 5 years.
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4. VERIFICATION.
4.1 Classification of verifications. The inspection requirements specified herein are classified as
follows:
4.1.1 Verification conditions. Unless otherwise specified, all inspections shall be performed in
accordance with the test conditions specified in section 4.4.
4.2 First article inspection. When specified in the contract, a sample of the cartridge and
components shall be subjected to first article verification in accordance with the Requirements/
Verification Cross Reference Matrix, Table III.
4.2.1 First article quantity. First article verification shall be performed on the quantity of
cartridges, primed cases and grams of propellant as specified in Table III.
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4.2.3 First article rejection. If any assembly, component or test specimen fails to comply with
any of the applicable requirements, the first article sample shall be rejected.
4.3.1 Inspection lot formation. Lot formation shall be in accordance with the lot formation
requirement of MIL-STD-1916, paragraph 4.2.2.
4.3.3 Examinations and tests. Reference shall be made to MIL-STD-1916 for the definition of
Critical, Major, and Minor defects. The attribute sampling plan required for the examination for defects in
Table IV shall be in accordance with the attribute sampling plan of MIL-STD-1916, using verification
level IV for Major characteristics and level III for Minor characteristics. One hundred percent inspection
shall be used on all Critical characteristics.
4.3.4 Alternative conformance provisions. Unless otherwise specified herein or provided for in
the contract, alternative conformance procedures, methods or equipment, such as statistical process
control, tool control, or other types of sampling plans, may be used by the contractor when they provide,
as a minimum, the level of quality assurance required by the provisions herein.
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Notes:
1. The criteria for primed case sensitivity acceptance are contained in 3.2.1 & 4.4.1.
2. The criteria for velocity acceptance are contained in Table I.
3. The criteria for chamber pressure are contained in 3.2.3.
4. The criteria for function and casualty of the sample cartridges, tested at ambient, hot and cold
temperatures for Type I rounds and at ambient temperature for Type II rounds, are contained in Table VI,
Firing defects.
5. The criteria for pattern acceptance are contained in 3.2.5
6. The criteria for shot type acceptance are contained in 3.2.6
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MIL-PRF-48656B(AR)
SAMPLE ACC-
REJ 3/
Critical:
1. Head or rim split 1/ 100% 0/1 3.3.1 Visual
2. Mashed head 1/ 100% 0/1 3.3.1 Visual
3. No primer 1/, 4/ 100% 0/1 3.3.1 Visual
4. Cocked primer 1/, 4/ 100% 0/1 3.3.1 Visual
5. Inverted primer 1/, 4/ 100% 0/1 3.3.1 Visual
Major:
101. Perforated or split case 1/ Level IV 2/ 3.3.1 Visual
102. Cartridge length, max Level IV 3.3.1 SME
103. Rim thickness, max Level IV 3.3.1 SME
104. Head diameter, max Level IV 3.3.1 SME
105. Case diameter, max Level IV 3.3.1 SME
106. Illegible or missing cartridge Level IV 3.4.2 Visual
marking 1/
107. Open crimp 1/ Level IV 3.3.1 Visual
108. Defective head 1/ Level IV 3.3.1 Visual
109. Sheared case over head 1/ Level IV 3.3.1 Visual
110. Defective body 1/ Level IV 3.3.1 Visual
111. Battery cup defects 1/ Level IV 3.3.1 Visual
112. Primer above flush 1/ Level IV 3.3.1 SME
Minor:
201. Improper lot number 1/ Level III 3.4.1 4.4.8
Notes:
1/ Refer to shotshell/shotgun section of MIL-STD-636 for Visual Standards of defects.
2/ Levels III and IV refer to those verification levels of Table II attributes sampling plan in
MIL-STD-1916.
4/ For Type II cartridges: Critical defect No. 3 becomes Major defect No. 113
Critical defect No. 4 becomes Major defect No. 114
Critical defect No. 5 becomes Major defect No. 115
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1. Burst rim 0 1
2. Blown primer or battery cup 0 1
3. Wad or other obstruction remaining in bore 0 1
4. Blown base wad 0 1
5. Head pulled off 0 1
6. Head cut off 0 1
7. Dropped primer or battery cup 0 1
8. Misfire 0 1
9. Body cut off 0 1
10. Head split 1 2
11. Split knurl 1 2
12. Split mouth 1 2
13. Partial cut off 1 2
14. Rupture 1 2
15. Partial split 1 2
16. Head start 1 2
17. Bulged rim 1 2
18. Body split 1 2
19. Powder burns 1 2
20. Primer set back 1 2
21. Battery cup set back 1 2
22. Primer pierced 1 2
23. Primer punctured 1 2
24. Cumulative defects for 10 - 23 3 4
NOTE: For defects refer to MIL-STD-636, shotshell cartridges section, for firing defect standards.
4.4.1 Primed case sensitivity verification. The primed case sensitivity testing shall be performed
as specified in SAAMI Technical Committee Manual Vol. IV Shotshell. Empty primed shotshell
cartridges shall be tested for primer sensitivity. Two-thirds of the sample shall be tested at a height of 12
inches and one-third of the sample shall be tested at a height of 2 inches. If one or more cartridge primers
fail at either height, the sample fails and a sensitivity rundown test shall be conducted. The sensitivity
rundown test shall consist of a 25 cartridge test at each 1 inch increment of height between 0 percent and
100 percent firing. If the average critical height (H) plus four standard deviations (4 sigma) exceeds 14
inches, or if the average critical height minus two standard deviations (2 sigma) is less than 1 inch, the lot
of cartridges shall be rejected. The average critical height (H) is defined as the mean height at which 50
percent of the primers being tested will fire.
4.4.2 Velocity verification. The velocity test shall be conducted in accordance with SAAMI
Technical Committee Manual Vol. IV Shotshell and ANSI/SAAMI Z299.2. The sample cartridges shall
be temperature conditioned as follows (unpackaged cartridges) for four hours minimum:
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4.4.3 Chamber pressure verification. The chamber pressure test shall be conducted in
accordance with SAAMI Technical Committee Manual Vol. IV Shotshell and ANSI/SAAMI Z299.2.
Conditioning for the sample cartridges temperature shall be as follows (unpackaged cartridges) for four
hours minimum:
4.4.4 Function and casualty verification. Cartridges shall be fired in a ratio of approximately 50
percent – 50 percent for each temperature through two unaltered shotguns per Table VII below.
Conditioning for the sample cartridges temperature shall be as follows (unpackaged cartridges) for four
hours minimum:
Semi-automatic weapons shall have a total chamber and magazine capacity of five cartridges minimum.
The weapons shall be loaded to capacity and the test performed until the total test sample quantity is
reached.
Type I Type II
Manual 2 1
Semi-automatic 2 1
4.4.5 Pattern verification. The pattern test shall be conducted in accordance with SAAMI
Technical Committee Manual Vol. IV Shotshell.
4.4.6 Shot type verification. The shot from each of five cartridges shall be weighed, and the
pellets shall be counted. The number of pellets per pound shall be calculated for each cartridge, and the
average of the pellet counts per pound shall be calculated. The average pellet count shall vary from the
nominal value cited in 3.2.6 by no more than five percent.
4.4.7 Cartridge visual and physical parameters verification. All test cartridges shall be inspected
for the defects listed in Table V. The criteria for grading defects shall be in accordance with MIL-STD-
636.
4.4.8 Ammunition lot numbering verification. Visually verify that an ammunition lot number
has been assigned to each lot of 12 gauge shotshell cartridges in accordance with MIL-STD-1168.
4.4.9 Cartridge identification verification. Visually verify that the cartridge identification
marking is as follows on the case for the appropriate round:
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4.4.10 Final hazard classification verification. Compliance with the FHC requirements specified
at paragraph 3.4.3 shall be validated during the First Article Test (FAT). FAT tests for Final Hazard
Classification shall be in accordance with UN ST/SG/AC.10/11, Recommendations on the Transportation
of Dangerous Goods, Tests and Criteria. The following test series shall be used: 4.a for thermal stability.
Test results from prior in-house verifications of these tests are acceptable.
4.4.11 Propellant stability verification. Propellant stability tests shall be conducted in accordance
with the test procedures listed below. Stability is demonstrated when results comply with the
requirements listed below.
5. PACKAGING.
5.1 Packaging. For acquisition purposes, the packaging requirements shall be as specified in the
contract or order (see 6.2). When actual packaging of materiel is to be performed by DOD personnel,
these personnel need to contact the responsible packaging activity to ascertain requisite packaging
requirements. Packaging requirements are maintained by the Inventory Control Point’s packaging
activity within the Military Department or Defense Agency, or within the Military Department’s System
Command. Packaging data retrieval is available from the managing Military Department’s or Defense
Agency’s automated packaging files, CD-ROM products, or by contacting the responsible packaging
activity.
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6. NOTES
(This section contains information of a general or explanatory nature that may be helpful, but is not
mandatory.)
6.1 Intended use. These cartridges are intended for use in US military weapons for tactical and
training purposes. The 12 gauge cartridges procured to this specification are military unique because they
must meet the military's propellant stability and shelf life storage requirements of 5 years, which exceeds
commercial industries normal requirements. They must also meet the high and low temperature
requirements for the combat rounds.
Packaging will be level A for Type I rounds and level B for Type II rounds:
Type I cartrtidges can be packed in accordance with packaging drawing 9396206 (Cartridge, 12
Gauge Shotshell, No. 00 Buckshot, NSN 1305-01-232-8338). Type II cartridges can be unit packed in
cartons in accordance with the best commercial practice. The packed cartridges will be overpacked in a
(4G) fiberboard box Class WWVR, Grade V3c or W5c, Style RSC, waterproofed per ASTM D5118 and
closed in accordance with ASTM D1974. Five hundred rounds is a standard quantity per fiberboard box
(25 cartridges/carton, 20 cartons/fiberboard box) (Cartridge, 12 Gauge Shotshell, No. 71/2 Shot, NSN
1305-01-232-8339; and Cartridge, 12 Gauge Shotshell, No. 9 Shot, NSN 1305-01-232-7415).
h. If the Final Hazard Classification on record was based on government packaging drawings it
may be necessary to include those packaging drawings in the contract to ensure continued legal
transportation. Determination should be made by AMSTA-AR-QAW-S.
6.3 Reference drawings. Drawings 9390438, 9390440 and 9390439 may be used as references
for designs that have been qualified.
6.4 Ammunition lot numbers. Ammunition lot numbers require ammunition data cards in
accordance with MIL-STD-1168.
6.6 Waivers. Requirement for lead-free shot in paragraph 3.2.6, Shot Type, may be waived until
November 30, 2000, due to non-availability of lead-free shot that meets velocity requirements. Contract
awards made subsequent to that date must comply with the requirement as stated.
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MIL-PRF-48656B(AR)
12 Gauge
Shotgun
Combat
Riot
Military Police
Training
6.8 Changes from previous issue. Marginal notations are not used in this revision to identify
changes with respect to the previous issue due to the extensiveness of the changes.
(Project 1305-0214)
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6. SUBMITTER
a. NAME (Last, First, Middle Initial) b. ORGANIZATION