Scribd
Upload
15 views6 pages

Week 1 Basic Sci Lesson Note

Uploaded by

soni Okomah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views6 pages

Week 1 Basic Sci Lesson Note

Uploaded by

soni Okomah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

TOPIC: ORIENTATION ABOUT SCIENCE

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES: During and by the end of the lesson, the


students should be able to:

1. Define Science.

2. Mention the branches of science and science related occupations.

3. Mention at least five benefits of science.

4. State the various scientific methods, e.g. Observation, hypothesis and


experimentation.

DEFINITION OF SCIENCE

Science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge, using observation and


experimentation to describe and explain natural phenomena. Science, as
defined above, may be called pure science or applied science.

Fields of science are commonly classified along two major lines:

1. Natural science: The study of the natural world. It is further divided


into biological science and physical science.

2. Social science: The systematic study of human behavior.

The fields of science can be grouped into:

1. Biology

2. Chemistry

3. Physics

4. Earth science

BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY

Genetics Physiology
Anatomy Epidemiology

Biochemistry Botany

Cell biology Zoology

Microbiology Ecology

BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY

Organic chemistry Physical chemistry

Biochemistry Inorganic chemistry

BRANCHES OF PHYSICS

Nuclear physics Thermodynamics

Astronomy Acoustics

Optics Biophysics

BRANCHES OF EARTH SCIENCE


Meteorology Geography

Oceanography Environmental science

PROFESSIONS OR OCCUPATIONS OF SCIENCE

Engineering Mathematics Medicine & Dentistry


surgery

Biology Medical Lab. Microbiology Astronomy


Science

Ecology Oceanography Chemistry Physics

Geography Geology Pharmacy Nursing


BENEFITS OF SCIENCE

1. The knowledge of science has made it possible to produce drugs for


diseases like malaria and vaccines for infectious diseases.

2. The knowledge of science has made the discovery of new galaxies,


planets and perhaps, existence of life on them, possible.

3. The knowledge of science helps us to have intelligent respect for


nature, which then helps us take decisions on the uses of technology to
improve the world for humans and all living things.

4. The knowledge of science has improved the art of making fire and
creating more modernized equipment instead of hand-crafted tools used
in the olden days.

5. Science has helped us genetically modify crops, making them more


resistant to spoilage.

6. The knowledge of science has also helped in the area of agriculture by


facilitating the production of high yielding seeds and disease-resistant
crops.
THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD OF DISCOVERING THINGS

In science we try to solve problems, using the scientific approach. Those who
study science are called scientists.

1. The first approach (by scientists) to solving scientific problems is by


asking questions, e.g. ‘How can we make water fit for drinking?” ‘Why do
some objects float on water and others do not?’ For each question, they
then try to find possible answers.

2. Another way of finding out about things is to observe them closely and
properly. In doing this, scientists make use of their senses of sight, smell,
touch, sound and taste to get possible solutions.

3. The third approach is by recording the things that they have observed,
to allow them remember and pass on information.

4. Also, scientists sort out things according to their color, size, weight,
texture, sound, odor etc. This method is known as classification, and it
leads to finding the different properties of such things.

5. Scientists also make educated guesses as to why things are the way
they are to start their investigation. Such a guess is called a hypothesis.

6. After stating a hypothesis, scientists can now carry out a test based on
the hypothesis to prove whether it is true or false. This is called
experimentation.

We can sum up the scientific method as follows: we had a problem, we asked


questions and tried to answer the questions, we observed, we recorded the
things we observed, we made guesses (hypothesised), we carried out
experiments, we confirmed our guesses and finally, we made our
conclusions.

TASKS

To better understand the process of the scientific method, take a look at the
following example and create your own example in your note.
Observation: My toaster doesn’t work.

Question: Is something wrong with my electrical outlet?

Hypothesis: If something is wrong with the outlet, my coffee maker also


won’t work when plugged into it.

Experiment: I plug my coffeemaker into the outlet.

Result: My coffeemaker works!

Conclusion: My electrical outlet works, but my toaster still won’t toast my


bread.

Refine the hypothesis: My toaster is broken.

From this point, the process would be repeated with a refined hypothesis.

HOME ACTIVITY

For a fun intro to the scientific method, watch this video;


Steps of the scientific method in 3 minutes

Read through this lesson to prepare for class


Khan Academy: The Scientific Method

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy