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"Smart Water Sensors for Real-Time Monitoring of Flooded Areas: A Tool for
Disaster Preparedness and Recovery"

A Research presented to
the Faculty of TVL Department
Cavite National High School

In fulfilment of the requirements

for the subject, Practical Research 2, of the
Technical Vocational and Livelihood (TVL)
Strand

Precioso John Emmanuel M.

Sualo Adrian R.
TVL ICT CSS 12-D

2024-2025

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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The increasing frequency and severity of floods worldwide, exacerbated by

climate change, pose a significant threat to lives, property, and infrastructure.
Traditional flood monitoring methods often rely on fixed-point sensors or manual
reports from citizens, leading to delays in response and inadequate data for effective

mitigation. This has spurred the development of smart water sensors integrated with

Internet of Things (IoT) technology, offering real-time monitoring capabilities for

flooded areas. This paper describes work that has been done on design and

development of a water quality monitoring system, with the objective of notifying the

user of the real-time water quality parameters. The system is able to measure the

physiochemical parameters of water quality, such as flow. In response to these

challenges, smart water sensors have emerged as a promising solution for real-time

flood monitoring. These sensors, part of the broader Internet of Things (IoT)

ecosystem, use a combination of wireless communication, data analytics, and

environmental monitoring to provide continuous, real-time insights into water levels,

flow rates, and other critical factors in flood-prone areas. By enabling rapid data

collection and analysis, these sensors allow for more accurate flood predictions,

timely warnings, and better coordination during disaster response efforts.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The global demand for renewable energy sources has been rising over the past

several years mainly due to climate change and energy security. Priestly and

Anderson identify wind energy as a primary type of renewable and relatively mature

solution competitive of fossil fuel-based electricity production which can be used in

both large and small scale. Residential mini windmills are probably the most effective

and appealing for those willing to minimize personal impact on the environmental and

maybe even save on electricity.

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1. Uncertain Energy Sayings: it is difficult to accurately forecast precisely how

much energy a mini wind mill will generate in a particular house because

winds will be blowing and residents electricity demand will change differently

during the day.

2. Energy Monitoring Systems: Implement real-time energy monitoring tools to

track both wind generation and household consumption.

3. Wildlife Impact: The potential impact on local bird and bat populations must

be considered, as wind mills can pose a collision risk.

4. Noise Pollution: Small Wind turbines or Mini Wind Mill can produce sound

and the intensity is higher speed which can be a point of controversy within

residential areas.

HYPOTHESES

(H0): Our aim is to help people in need, especially to those who are close to

the ocean or prone flooded areas.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Philippines is located near the equator and is surrounded

by different bodies of water [1]. It is near the Pacific

Ocean where the water is warm, resulting in the frequent

occurence of typhoons where it often hits the Philippines

due to earth’s westward blowing wind nature. Floods are

usually the aftermath of a calamitous typhoon, and the

consequences are based on the location, volume, intensity,

and timespan of rainfall [2]. Other factors may involve the

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tide times. Some of the common flood level monitoring

are based on the marking on utility posts, river basins,

and allocating closed circuit tv (CCTV) to monitor rivers

and dams. Hence, the efficiency of manual monitoring

is questionable since it cannot transfer the gathered data

immediately. Due to the inherent fallibility of manual

monitoring, there is also the possibility that the data may

not be accurate.. The application of image processing

can be used to lessen the casualties during these natural

phenomena. Since this will immediately capture the

flood and detect its level, it will be easier to disseminate

information. This study aims to develop a smart flood

monitoring system to detect the flood level at a certain

time and immediately provide advice to the community.

Due to our geographical location Philippines is always getting

hit with alot of typhoons hence the people is always having a hard to get up

from the unprecedented typhoons, that's why we plan to get a better equipment or

sensors to immediately provide the right information to the community.

Another subtitle. Please avoid redundancy. Do not repeated your explanation.

Third subtitle. You may continue reading RRLs for you to be able to think of other

contributions that your topic might give.

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Last subtitle. A minimum of subtitle for your Significance. Continue reading it will

help you broaden your understanding about your topic.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

flooding, which is typically

produced by excessive rainfall and strong seas, is

one of the most prevalent natural occurrences. This

natural calamity cannot be avoided but the good thing

is, we can practice ourselves to be prepared for it. After

conducting an analysis regarding the needs of people

residing in Barangay Frances, Calumpit, Bulacan, it

was then decided to develop a project that can help

lessen the difficulty they are experiencing when they

evacuate , especially to those who are close to dam area or ocean

Deliminations.

It might not be accurate since there might be failures to the assessment of the

monitor

DEFINITION OF TERMS

This study employs specific terms and concepts that require clear and precise

definitions to ensure accurate interpretation. Therefore, the following operational

definitions are provided:

Alphabetically arranged. Have the conceptual definition here.

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Cannot think of another word. Have the conceptual definition here.

Example word. Have the conceptual definition here.

Give at least five terms. Have the conceptual definition here.

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Prieto, N. G., Naval, V. C., & Carey, T. G. (2017). Practical Research 2 for Senior

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Save your references and follow proper citation of APA 7th Edition format.

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