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ERGONOMICS

Ergonomics

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Nethuki Jayasinha
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21 views3 pages

ERGONOMICS

Ergonomics

Uploaded by

Nethuki Jayasinha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ERGONOMICS

Ergonomics is the study of people in their workplace and is the process in which workplaces, products
and systems are designed or rearranged so that they fit the people who use them. It aims to improve
workspaces and environments to reduce the risk of injury.

The word ergonomics is derived from the Greek word: Ergos (work or labour) and Nomos (natural laws).
Thereby, ergonomics literally means the laws of work.

International Ergonomics Association definition: “Ergonomics is the scientific discipline concerned with
the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession
that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimise human well-being and
overall system performance.”

Ergonomics is a science-based discipline. It brings together knowledge from anatomy and physiology,
psychology, engineering and statistics and ensures that the designs complement the strengths and
abilities of people who use it.

Ergonomics Process:

• Assess Risks

• Plan Improvements

• Measure Progress

• Scale Solutions

Why is Ergonomics important?

• In workplace, when body is stressed by an awkward posture, extreme temperature, or repeated


movement, the musculoskeletal system can be affected. Hence ergonomics play major role in
reducing these work related injuries or illness like computer vision syndrome, neck and back
pain, and carpal tunnel syndrome etc.

• To create safe, comfortable and productive workspaces by bringing human abilities and
limitations into the design of a workspace, which includes the individual’s body size, strength,
skill, speed, sensory abilities and attitudes.

• To make employees more comfortable and increase productivity.

How does Ergonomics work?


Data and information are collected from various disciplines and is used to design an equipment, modify
or rearrange them in a way that it benefits people using them and helps to reduce the risk injuries that
can happen.

• Anthropometry: body sizes, shapes; populations and variations

• Biomechanics: muscles, levers, forces, strength


• Environmental physics: noise, light, heat, cold, radiation, vibration body systems: hearing, vision,
sensations

• Applied psychology: skill, learning, errors, differences

• Social psychology: groups, communication, learning, behaviors.

• Mechanical and industrial engineering

• Industrial design

• Information design

• Kinesiology

• Physiology

Ergonomics Domains of Specialization


According to the International Ergonomics Association, there are three broad domains of ergonomics:

• Physical

• Cognitive

• Organizational

Physical Ergonomics

Physical ergonomics is very much focused on workplace ergonomics and takes human anatomical,
anthropometric, physiological and biomechanical characteristics into consideration. It is all about
building better working place with jobs designed to match capabilities of people resulting in better
working experience. It is an approach or solution to deal with a number of work-related musculoskeletal
disorders.

Cognitive Ergonomics

Cognitive ergonomics is concerned with mental processes, such as perception, memory, reasoning, and
motor response, as they affect interactions among humans. It is the field of study that focuses on how
well the use of a product matches the cognitive capabilities of users.
Organizational Ergonomics
Organizational ergonomics refers to the optimization of social technical systems, including their
organizational structures, policies and processes. It includes team work, job shifts, work satisfaction,
schedules and ethics.

Benefits of Ergonomics
1. Reduced risk of work related injuries and illness

2. Higher productivity

3. Improved health

4. Improved mental insight

5. Better product quality

6. Decreased pain

7. Happy employee

8. Improved employee engagement

9. Better safety culture

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