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Slides US Elections 2022

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25 views27 pages

Slides US Elections 2022

Uploaded by

aminataba01
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UE 41, LEA L2

Nantes Université
Jane Bayly

US Elections

1
2

Introduction:
2020 Presidential Election
¡ November 7, Joe Biden = 46th President elect

¡ Election Day = November 3, 2020

¡ Mail balloting – traditionally in favor of the


Democrats thanks to groups that typically vote in
lower numbers (young people, minorities…)

¡ Republican criticism = increase risk of electoral


fraud
¡ Election results legally challenged by Donald 3
Trump:
¡ Over 50 lawsuits filed (state & federal courts)
¡ Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Pennsylvania, etc.
¡ Dismissed – lack of evidence

¡ January 6, 2020 – “Save America March”,


Washington, D.C
¡ “fight much harder” “show strength”
¡ Capitol invaded by Donald Trump’s supporters
¡ 4 civilians & a police officer killed
¡ Trump faced with impeachment process
4

Importance of elections
¡ US = constitutional, representative democracy

¡ Encourage accountability

¡ Opportuntity for ordinary citizens to participate in


government and policy choices

¡ Federal, state, local


5

Presidential
Elections
6

Requirements
¡ A native American

¡ At least 35 years old

¡ Lived in the US for 14 years

¡ Is elected to a 4-year term

¡ Can only be re-elected once

(22nd Amendment, ratified in 1951

Franklin D. Roosevelt
President 1933-1945 (D)
7

Presidential Elections –
7 Steps
1. Getting known and getting money
2. Caucuses and Primaries

3. National conventions
4. The election campaign

5. Election day

6. The electoral college


7. The Presidential inauguration
8

1. Getting known and


getting money
¡ Support from party members

¡ Raise funds

¡ Dozens may enter the race


9

Caucus and Primaries


¡ Late January, early February to June

¡ Indirect procedure

¡ Choose delegates to the party’s national


convention -> authority to officially nominate
candidate
10

National Conventions
¡ Democrats and Republicans

¡ Nominate presidential candidate

¡ Establish the “ticket” and “platform”

Democrat National Convention 2020 Republican National Convention 2020


Election Campaign 11

¡ Travelling around US
¡ Populous and “swing” states

¡ Television debates
¡ 1960 Richard Nixon (R) and John F. Kennedy (D)

¡ Costly

¡ Smear campaigns:
¡ Barack Obama’s American citizenship (2012)
¡ Trump’s temperament & Hillary Clinton’s connections to Wall Street (2016)
¡ Joe Biden’s age (2020)
12

Election Day
¡ Established by the Constitution

¡ First Tuesday after Nov. 1


13

Electoral College
¡ Presidents are NOT elected by DIRECT popular vote

¡ State Electors = number of Senators and Congressmen

¡ 538 = (100+435+3 for Washington DC)

¡ Winner-takes-all, except Maine and Nebraska

¡ Majority = 270

¡ Al Gore (D) – popular vote 48.4%, electors 266 / George W. Bush


(R)– popular vote 47.9%, electors 271

¡ Hillary Clinton (D) – popoular vote 48.3%, 232 electors / Donald


Trump (R) – popular vote 46.1%, electors 306
14
15

Presidential Inauguration
¡ January 20th

¡ Inaugural Address

Inauguration of Joe Biden


Jan. 20, 2021
16

Congressional
Elections
17

¡ Local, state, congressional, federal same day

¡ Every 2 years
¡ All House of Representatives
¡ 1/3 Senate

¡ “Divided government” – One party controls the


executive branch, the other one controls either
one or both chambers of the Congress, the
legislative branch
18
19

Campaign
Financing
20

¡ Celestine Bohlen, “American Democracy is


Drowning in Money” New York Times, 20 Sept.
2017
¡ “legalized corruption”

¡ Some argue: corporate interests/special interests


buy influence; ordinary Americans / less-known
issues hard to defend
History of campaign financing 21

¡ Federal Election Campaign Act 1971


¡ Amended 1974
¡ Federal Election Commission (FEC)

¡ Buckley v. Valeo (1976)

¡ Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) – McCain-Feingold Act


(2002)
¡ “soft money” – unregulated monetary donations to political parties /
candidates
¡ “electioneering communications”

¡ Citizens United v. FEC (2010) and SpeechNow v. FEC (2010)


¡ Limits on corporate and union spending on independent advertising
abolished.
¡ SuperPACs could raise and contribute unlimited amounts. Can not
donate directly to political candidates/ parties

¡ McCutcheon v. FEC (2014) maintained aggregate limits on


contributions were unconstitutional under the First Amendment
22

Voter Disinterest
23
24

Recent Voter Turnout


Presidential Elections Midterm Elections
¡ 2008 – 63.6% ¡ 2014 – 36.7% (lowest in 70+ years)

¡ 2012 – 61.8% ¡ 2018 – 49.3% (highest since 1914)

¡ 2016 – 61.4%

¡ 2020 – 66.7% (record turnout


in 120 years)
25

“Why Don’t Americans Vote – Washington Post October 2018


26
Why Don’t Americans Vote?
1. Too Many Elections

2. Voter Restrictions
¡ Felon disenfranchisement
¡ Voter Identification laws

3. Not A National Holiday


¡ Tuesday
¡ Not compulsory
¡ Polling location
¡ Long lines, long wait

4. Vote doesn’t Matter


¡ Presidents who lost the popular vote but won the election
¡ 2016 Donald Trump
¡ 2000 George W. Bush
¡ 1888 Benjamin Harris
¡ 1876 Rutherford Hayes
¡ 1824 John Quincy Adams
27
Conclusion January 25, 2022, CNN

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